CN109012225B - Application of self-supporting Li-ABW molecular sieve membrane in separation of calcium ions in hard water - Google Patents

Application of self-supporting Li-ABW molecular sieve membrane in separation of calcium ions in hard water Download PDF

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CN109012225B
CN109012225B CN201810840385.0A CN201810840385A CN109012225B CN 109012225 B CN109012225 B CN 109012225B CN 201810840385 A CN201810840385 A CN 201810840385A CN 109012225 B CN109012225 B CN 109012225B
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molecular sieve
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CN109012225A (en
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张耀君
贺攀阳
陈浩
韩智超
张叶
刘礼才
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Xian University of Architecture and Technology
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D71/00Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by the material; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
    • B01D71/02Inorganic material
    • B01D71/028Molecular sieves
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D61/00Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F5/00Softening water; Preventing scale; Adding scale preventatives or scale removers to water, e.g. adding sequestering agents

Abstract

The invention discloses an application of a self-supporting Li-ABW molecular sieve membrane in separating calcium ions in hard water, wherein the diameter of the adopted self-supporting Li-ABW molecular sieve membrane is 40mm, the thickness of the adopted self-supporting Li-ABW molecular sieve membrane is 6-8 mm, and the self-supporting Li-ABW molecular sieve membrane can be used for separating Ca in hard water under the condition that the operation pressure difference is 0.01-0.09 MPa2+Hard water with the concentration of 100-400 mg/L is subjected to membrane separation, and the separation efficiency is more than 99.8%. The self-supporting Li-ABW molecular sieve membrane prepared by taking the solid waste circulating fluidized bed fly ash as the raw material has the advantages of low cost, environmental protection, simple membrane separation device, convenience in operation and high separation efficiency.

Description

Application of self-supporting Li-ABW molecular sieve membrane in separation of calcium ions in hard water
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of water softening by using a molecular sieve membrane, and particularly relates to an application of a self-supporting Li-ABW molecular sieve membrane in separation of calcium ions in water.
Background
The use of hard water brings a lot of troubles to daily life and industrial production of people, particularly, the heat conduction efficiency of a boiler is greatly reduced due to the scaling problem caused by high calcium and magnesium ions, and the boiler explosion and other problems are caused by serious scaling. At present, the softening method of hard water mainly comprises the following steps: ion exchange method, adsorption method, chemical softening method, electrochemical softening method, and membrane separation method[1]. Among them, the membrane separation method is very much concerned because of its simple operation, good quality of membrane separation water, less discharge of concentrated water, and small occupied area[2]. However, currently used for hard water softeningThe organic polymer membrane has the problems of high requirement on water inlet pressure, high equipment investment, high running cost, high membrane component manufacturing cost and the like.
The molecular sieve membrane is a novel inorganic membrane material with the functions of molecular and ion sieving, has the characteristics of high-temperature thermal stability, chemical corrosion resistance, high mechanical strength, high membrane flux and the like of a common inorganic membrane, has the advantages of uniform molecular sieve pore diameter, large specific surface area, strong adsorption and ion exchange capacities and the like, and is one of the most potential membrane materials. The traditional molecular sieve membrane is synthesized by an in-situ hydrothermal synthesis method, a seed crystal method, a pore blocking method, a microwave heating method, a pulse laser deposition method and an electrophoretic deposition method on a porous carrier or a support such as alumina. However, the random growth of molecular sieve crystal particles on the support and the roughness of the support can seriously affect the performance of the molecular sieve membrane, and the use of the support also greatly increases the preparation cost of the molecular sieve membrane. The self-supporting molecular sieve membrane is a novel polycrystalline zeolite membrane reported in recent years, and has simple synthesis method and excellent membrane performance[3,4]. New year beauty[3]Reports that the NaA self-supporting molecular sieve membrane with good performance is successfully prepared by adopting a method of in-situ conversion of a geopolymer into a molecular sieve, and discusses the application research of the NaA self-supporting molecular sieve membrane in the aspect of seawater desalination. The results show that: the NaA molecular sieve membrane prepared by the method has a compact and uniform surface, the compressive strength reaches 57.6MPa, and for NaCl solution with the temperature of 25 ℃ and the mass percent of 3.5%, the flux of water is increased from 0.42 to 4.74Kg/m along with the reduction of the membrane thickness from 9.4mm to 2mm2H. When the film thickness exceeds 9.4mm, the Na ion rejection rate exceeds 99.5%. Fall into[4]And preparing a geopolymer by taking calcined kaolin and water glass as raw materials, and synthesizing a self-supporting faujasite (FAU-type for short) membrane in situ by adopting a hydrothermal synthesis method. The permeation flux and separation factor of the self-supporting FAU type zeolite membrane to an ethanol/water mixture system are examined through a pervaporation experiment. The results show that: under the conditions that the feeding temperature is 50 ℃ and the ethanol content in the raw material is 70 percent, the FAU type zeolite membrane has higher permeation flux and separation factor which respectively reach 1.41kg/m2H and 16.8.
The applicant discloses a synthesis method of bulk Li-ABW zeolite (Chinese patent application No. 201810126623.1)[5]Mixing CFB fly ash, white carbon black, lithium hydroxide and deionized water in a mass ratio of 1:0.18: 0.1-0.12: 0.96-1, forming, maintaining and demolding to obtain a block CFB fly ash geopolymer, placing the block CFB fly ash geopolymer in a reaction kettle, and performing Li treatment on the block CFB fly ash geopolymer+The block Li-ABW zeolite with certain mechanical strength is obtained by guiding synthesis and drying.
The applicant consults a large amount of domestic patents and literature data through a system, and does not find relevant reports about the method for separating calcium ions by the self-supporting Li-ABW molecular sieve membrane.
The following are relevant references:
[1] zhang Yafeng, Anluyang, Wangyounan, Xuanmian, Zhang billow, Song Dihui, and method for removing hardness in water, 12(2017) 54-63.
[2] Yuanjunsheng, jiao liang, Liujie, research on softening concentrated seawater by using a nanofiltration membrane, water treatment technology, 38(11) (2012) 81-83.
[3] Gazee, research and application of a preparation mechanism of a NaA molecular sieve by in-situ conversion of a geopolymer, Guangxi university (2013).
[4] The method comprises the steps of adventure, queen art frequency, Liu Jing, Heyan, Liu Xindong, Cuimi, in-situ synthesis of the faujasite zeolite membrane by the geopolymer and the pervaporation performance thereof, the silicate science report, 9(2013) 1244-.
[5] Zhang Zuanjun, Heshanyang, Chenhao, Hanzhisuper, Zhang Ye, Liu Gift, a synthesis method of bulk Li-ABW zeolite, Chinese patent application No: 201810126623.1.
disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an application of a self-supporting Li-ABW molecular sieve membrane for separating calcium ions.
According to the research of the applicant, the self-supporting Li-ABW molecular sieve membrane can be used for softening hard water, namely separating calcium ions in the hard water.
The diameter of the adopted self-supporting Li-ABW molecular sieve membrane is 40mm, the thickness is 6-8 mm,the operation pressure difference is 0.01-0.09 MPa, and Ca is contained in hard water2+The concentration is 100-400 mg/L.
The method is implemented by the following steps:
(1) and fixing the self-supporting Li-ABW molecular sieve membrane in a membrane filter, and connecting the membrane filter, a buffer device and a vacuum pump through pipelines to calibrate the water flux.
(2) Preparing different Ca2+CaCl of concentration2The solution was used as simulated hard water.
(3) Adding the hard water in the step (2) into the membrane filter in the step (1), turning on a vacuum pump, and regulating the pressure difference through a buffer device.
(4) Collecting the penetrating fluid, and detecting Ca in the penetrating fluid by inductively coupled plasma emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES)2+The concentration of the ions.
The application of the self-supporting Li-ABW molecular sieve membrane for separating calcium ions is characterized in that:
the self-supporting Li-ABW molecular sieve membrane prepared by taking the solid waste circulating fluidized bed fly ash as a raw material is low in cost and environment-friendly; for Ca in hard water2+Hard water with the concentration of 100-400 mg/L is subjected to membrane separation, the separation efficiency is more than 99.8%, and the membrane separation device is simple and convenient to operate.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a photograph of an actual implementation of a self-supporting Li-ABW molecular sieve membrane. Wherein (a) is a photograph showing a diameter of 40mm and a thickness of 4mm, (b) is a photograph showing a diameter of 40mm and a thickness of 6mm, and (c) is a photograph showing a diameter of 40mm and a thickness of 8 mm;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an apparatus for softening water;
fig. 3 is a FESEM photograph of the self-supporting Li-ABW molecular sieve membrane obtained in example 1.
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following drawings and examples.
Detailed Description
Through further research by the applicant, the self-supporting Li-ABW molecular sieve membrane can be used for separating calcium ions, and in the following examples, the applicant gives an application example of the self-supporting Li-ABW molecular sieve membrane for separating the calcium ions. It should be noted that the following examples are only for better illustrating the present invention and the present invention is not limited to these examples.
The preparation method of the self-supporting Li-ABW molecular sieve membrane is carried out according to the method of Chinese patent application (application number: 201810126623.1), namely:
the raw materials comprise CFB fly ash, white carbon black, lithium hydroxide and deionized water, wherein the mass ratio of the CFB fly ash to the white carbon black to the lithium hydroxide to the deionized water is 1:0.18: 0.1-0.12: 0.96-1.
(1) CFB fly ash, available from Shenhua quasi-energy group, Limited liability company. Before use, the mixture is dried and ground for 30 seconds by a vibration mill. The main oxide composition (mass percent) of the CFB fly ash is as follows: SiO 22(35.14%),CaO(2.86%),Al2O3(45.35%),Na2O(0.08%),MgO(0.23%),K2O(0.34%),Fe2O3(2.61%),TiO2(1.82%),P2O5(0.12%),SO3(0.54%),LOI(10.91%)。
(2) White carbon black (precipitation method) available from Shanghai Bimo industries Ltd, white powder, SiO2The content is more than or equal to 90 percent, and the specific surface area is as follows: 200m2/g。
(3) Lithium hydroxide (anhydrous), purchased from Shanghai Michelin Biochemical technology Ltd, analytical grade reagent, molecular weight: 23.95 g/mol.
(4) Deionized water, self-made in laboratories.
(5) Referring to fig. 2, the membrane separation apparatus is composed of a membrane filter, a buffer apparatus, and a vacuum pump 10. The membrane filter consists of a Buchner funnel 1, a filter flask 2, a self-supporting Li-ABW molecular sieve membrane 3 and an O-shaped ring, and has the specific function that the self-supporting Li-ABW molecular sieve membrane 3 is fixed in the Buchner funnel 1 by the O-shaped ring.
The buffer device consists of a suction flask 5, a two-way switch 6, a right-angle tube 7, a two-hole plug 8 and a differential pressure regulator 9, and is assembled according to fig. 2.
The vacuum pump 10 was a circulating water type vacuum pump, available from Zhengzhou great wall instruments ltd, model number SHB-iii.
(6) The membrane separation device was assembled according to fig. 2, simulated hard water was added to buchner funnel 1 sealed with self-supporting Li-ABW molecular sieve membrane 3, vacuum pump 10 was turned on, and differential pressure was adjusted with differential pressure regulator 9.
(9) Collecting the filtrate, and detecting Ca in the filtrate by using ICP-OES2+And (4) concentration.
(10) The preparation of the self-supporting Li-ABW molecular sieve membrane is implemented by the following steps:
1) weighing CFB fly ash according to the formula amount;
2) weighing white carbon black according to the formula amount;
3) uniformly mixing the weighed CFB fly ash and white carbon black to obtain a mixture;
4) weighing lithium hydroxide according to the formula amount, and placing the lithium hydroxide into a beaker;
5) weighing deionized water according to the formula amount, and dissolving lithium hydroxide;
6) placing the lithium hydroxide solution into a stirrer, placing the mixture obtained in the step 3) into the stirrer, and stirring to obtain uniform slurry;
7) and (3) putting the slurry into a die for forming, wherein the die is a round stainless steel die with the diameter of 40mm and the thickness of 2-10 mm. Sealing the mould by using a plastic film sealing bag, placing the mould in a thermostat, curing for 24 hours at 80 ℃, and then demoulding to obtain a block CFB geopolymer;
8) placing the block CFB geopolymer in a reaction kettle, adding 50mL of lithium hydroxide solution with the concentration of 0-4 mol/L into the reaction kettle, sealing the kettle, and performing Li treatment at the temperature of 120-180 ℃ under the self-generation pressure+And (4) taking out after the reaction is conducted for 12-36 h, and drying to obtain the self-supporting Li-ABW molecular sieve membrane.
The following is an application specific example of the self-supporting Li-ABW molecular sieve membrane for separating calcium ions:
example 1:
(1) a self-supporting Li-ABW molecular sieve membrane (figure 1, a) with the diameter of 40mm and the thickness of 4mm is taken and fixed in a Buchner funnel by an O-ring.
(2) The membrane separation device was assembled as shown in fig. 2.
(3) The pure water flux of the self-supporting Li-ABW molecular sieve membrane was calibrated at different pressure differences, the results are shown in Table 1, and then the membrane was dried.
(4) Preparing 200mg/L CaCl2The solution was used as simulated hard water.
(5) Adding simulated hard water into a Buchner funnel sealed with a self-supporting Li-ABW molecular sieve membrane, opening a vacuum pump, and adjusting the pressure difference to be 0.06MPa by using a buffer device.
(6) Collecting the permeate, and detecting Ca in the filtrate by ICP-OES2+The concentration is 0.37mg/L, and the separation efficiency is 99.8%.
Table 1: pure water flux (kg/m) of self-supporting Li-ABW molecular sieve membrane under different pressure differences2·h)
Figure BDA0001745443790000061
Example 2:
(1) a self-supporting Li-ABW molecular sieve membrane (figure 1 b) with a diameter of 40mm and a thickness of 6mm is taken and fixed in a Buchner funnel by an O-ring.
(2) The membrane separation device was assembled as shown in fig. 2.
(3) The pure water flux of the self-supporting Li-ABW molecular sieve membrane was calibrated at different pressure differences, the results are shown in Table 1, and then the membrane was dried.
(4) Preparing 400mg/L CaCl2The solution was used as simulated hard water.
(5) Adding simulated hard water into a Buchner funnel sealed with a self-supporting Li-ABW molecular sieve membrane, opening a vacuum pump, and adjusting the pressure difference to be 0.06MPa by using a buffer device.
(6) Collecting the permeate, and detecting Ca in the filtrate by ICP-OES2+The concentration is 0.29mg/L, and the separation efficiency is 99.9%.
Example 3:
(1) a self-supporting Li-ABW molecular sieve membrane (figure 1, c) with a diameter of 40mm and a thickness of 8mm is taken and fixed in a Buchner funnel by an O-ring.
(2) The membrane separation device was assembled as shown in fig. 2.
(3) The pure water flux of the self-supporting Li-ABW molecular sieve membrane was calibrated at different pressure differences, the results are shown in Table 1, and then the membrane was dried.
(4) Preparing 400mg/L CaCl2The solution was used as simulated hard water.
(5) Adding simulated hard water into a Buchner funnel sealed with a self-supporting Li-ABW molecular sieve membrane, opening a vacuum pump, and adjusting the pressure difference to be 0.06MPa by using a buffer device.
(6) Collecting the permeate, and detecting Ca in the filtrate by ICP-OES2+The concentration is 0.29mg/L, and the separation efficiency is 99.9%.

Claims (2)

1. The self-supporting Li-ABW molecular sieve membrane is used for separating calcium ions in hard water, and raw materials of the self-supporting Li-ABW molecular sieve membrane are prepared from CFB fly ash, white carbon black, lithium hydroxide and deionized water, wherein the mass ratio of the CFB fly ash to the white carbon black to the lithium hydroxide to the deionized water is 1:0.18: 0.1-0.12: 0.96-1; the CFB fly ash comprises the following main oxides in percentage by mass: SiO 22:35.14%,CaO:2.86%,Al2O3:45.35%,Na2O:0.08%,MgO:0.23%,K2O:0.34%,Fe2O3:2.61%,TiO2:1.82%,P2O5:0.12%,SO3: 0.54%, LOI: 10.91 percent; the specific implementation steps for separating calcium ions in hard water are as follows:
(1) fixing a self-supporting Li-ABW molecular sieve membrane in a membrane filter, connecting the membrane filter, a buffer device and a vacuum pump through pipelines, and calibrating water flux;
(2) with CaCl2The solution is used as simulated hard water to prepare Ca2+Hard water solution with the concentration of 100 mg/L-400 mg/L;
(3) adding the hard water obtained in the step (2) into the membrane filter obtained in the step (1), turning on a vacuum pump, and adjusting the pressure difference to be 0.01-0.09 MPa through a buffer device;
(4) collecting the penetrating fluid, and detecting Ca in the penetrating fluid by inductively coupled plasma emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES)2+The concentration of the ions.
2. The use according to claim 1, wherein the self-supporting Li-ABW molecular sieve membrane has a diameter of 40mm and a thickness of 6 to 8 mm.
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