CN109004882A - A kind of control method improving Induction Motor-Driven efficiency - Google Patents
A kind of control method improving Induction Motor-Driven efficiency Download PDFInfo
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- CN109004882A CN109004882A CN201711095519.2A CN201711095519A CN109004882A CN 109004882 A CN109004882 A CN 109004882A CN 201711095519 A CN201711095519 A CN 201711095519A CN 109004882 A CN109004882 A CN 109004882A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P27/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage
- H02P27/04—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage
- H02P27/06—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage using dc to ac converters or inverters
- H02P27/08—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage using dc to ac converters or inverters with pulse width modulation
- H02P27/085—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage using dc to ac converters or inverters with pulse width modulation wherein the PWM mode is adapted on the running conditions of the motor, e.g. the switching frequency
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- Control Of Ac Motors In General (AREA)
Abstract
A method of improving Induction Motor-Driven efficiency, comprising: pre-set the target velocity of motor and the PWM duty cycle of motor and the relation curve of frequency, MCU according to PWM duty cycle and the relation curve and motor speed of frequency output PWM duty cycle, measurement electric moter voltage current and phase difference, adjustment PWM output duty cycle.Wherein MCU can export the duty ratio of PMW according to the electric voltage frequency curve of motor, so that motor exports sine voltage, since motor is inductive load, therefore the electric current and voltage that electric moter voltage generates have a phase difference, reduce voltage current phase difference by adjusting the duty ratio of PWM, the presence of voltage current phase difference will lead to reactive power increase, and method of the invention can effectively reduce the reactive power of motor, improve the drive efficiency of motor.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to motor driven field, specially a kind of control method for improving Induction Motor-Driven efficiency.
Background technique
Asynchronous machine is also known as induction conductivity, generates electricity by air-gap rotating magnetic field and the interaction of rotor windings induced current
Magnetic torque, thus realize that energy converting between mechanical is a kind of alternating current generator of mechanical energy, it can be by asynchronous electricity according to rotor structure
Machine is divided into two kinds of forms: squirrel cage asynchronous motor, wire wound type asynchronous motor.Asynchronous machine is inductive load, and inductive load is exactly
Load with inductance parameters, the characteristic of one phase difference of lagging load voltage of load.As shown in Figure 1, being asynchronous electricity
The schematic diagram of phase difference of the machine when not increasing compensation and increasing compensation, since motor is inertia load, cause in t1 or
There are phase differences for the voltage and current that the t2 period applies, that is, (t2-t1), that is to say, that the voltage and current that motor generates
It is nonsynchronous.The presence of phase difference leads to motor, and there is also reactive power, the efficiency of motor while consuming active power
It is substantially reduced.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the present invention mentions in order to solve the problems, such as that above-mentioned electric efficiency is low, supply waveform needed for electric appliance is demanding
Motor can be effectively reduced using control method of the invention in a kind of control method for improving Induction Motor-Driven efficiency out
Reactive power improves the drive efficiency of asynchronous machine.
A method of improving Induction Motor-Driven efficiency, comprising:
Pre-set the PWM duty cycle of motor and the relation curve of frequency: according to the specific work shape to be achieved of motor
The target velocity of motor is arranged in state, presets the PWM duty cycle and frequency curve of motor.
Further, the motor speed range is 0~50Hz, i.e., the velocity interval of motor is 0~50Hz;Described
PWM duty cycle and the relation curve of frequency may be configured as the relation curve that direct proportion oblique line, parabola etc. are defined by the user, i.e., often
The corresponding fixed PWM duty cycle of one frequency, and PWM duty cycle is to adjust electric moter voltage, this method is controlled V/F.
MCU exports PWM duty cycle according to PWM duty cycle and the relation curve and motor target velocity of frequency: according to motor
Target velocity, i.e. the relation curve of the frequency of motor and PWM duty cycle and frequency, MCU operation passes through and adjusts output PWM
Electric moter voltage is modulated to sinewave output further according to SVPWM modulation algorithm by duty ratio, output motor voltage.
Further, the output of MCU control PWM duty cycle, different PWM duty cycles correspond to different voltage,
Therefore MCU adjusts electric moter voltage by the duty ratio of modulation output PWM.
Measure electric moter voltage current and phase difference: after applying voltage on motor, since motor is inductive load, voltage
There are phase difference between electric current, MCU acquires the phase difference of electric moter voltage and electric current.
Further, zero cross detection circuit is equipped in the MCU, it can be with real-time detection electric moter voltage and current zero-crossing point
When time, the phase difference between voltage and current is calculated according to the time difference of voltage and current zero crossing collected, it is described
Phase difference calculation are as follows: 360 ° of * (time difference/motor current period).
Adjustment PWM output duty cycle: according to MCU institute collected voltage and current between phase difference come adjust PWM export
Duty ratio, and then electric moter voltage is adjusted, to adjust the phase difference of electric moter voltage and electric current.Further, when collected electricity
When machine voltage current phase difference is greater than some threshold value, the voltage being applied on motor can reduce, to reduce voltage and electricity
The phase difference of stream, opposite, when the phase difference of collected electric moter voltage and electric current is less than some threshold value, it can increase and apply
The voltage being added on motor, to increase the phase difference of voltage and current, some threshold value of the phase difference is according to motor
Concrete application demand and actual result set.Preferably, it is applied by the duty ratio that MCU adjusts output PWM to adjust
The voltage being added on motor.
It may further be preferable that the MCU is real-time detection electric moter voltage and electric current during motor operation
Phase difference, the duty ratio of MCU output PWM is adjusted in time, effectively by the phase-difference control of electric moter voltage and electric current in certain threshold
It is worth in range.
It may further be preferable that when the electric moter voltage phase is SVPWM modulation, the electric moter voltage phase of active application
Position;Current of electric zero crossing is to acquire electric current by the pressure drop on acquisition sampling resistor in motor, judges electricity by MCU program
Whether stream is in zero crossing, i.e., acquisition electric current is just from positive values to both negative value variations at zero point and motor current voltage phase
Difference is exactly phase difference, or acquisition electric current just from negative value to both when positive value variation at zero point and motor current voltage phase
Difference, further according to voltage-phase be 0 value when, start timing, the 0 value phase until detecting electric current, when according to this difference
Between calculate the phase difference of voltage and current.
Using the as described above method for improving Induction Motor-Driven efficiency, can with real-time detection electric moter voltage and electric current it
Between phase difference, and by PWM duty cycle modulate effectively adjustment electric moter voltage and electric current between phase difference, make its stablize exist
Within a certain threshold value.Specifically, according to the actual effect of motor set motor phase difference threshold, phase difference threshold be 5 °~
13 °, MCU sets the relationship of PWM duty cycle and electric machine frequency, the electric machine frequency with the target velocity of motor be it is corresponding,
According to the duty ratio of the natural PWM of target velocity, sine voltage is exported by PWM modulation, certain PWM duty cycle is corresponding
Certain voltage value changes the phase difference between electric moter voltage and electric current by adjusting the maximum value size of voltage, to mention
The drive efficiency of high motor.
As shown in Fig. 2, being the flow chart of asynchronous motor control process of the invention.Firstly, computer program is to the outer of MCU
If resource does initial configuration, program is executed subsequently into principal function.Wherein, main program includes troubleshooting function, motor control
Function processed and house dog handle function.After entire software function environment configurations are good, followed into principal function code while (1)
Ring executes code, starts asynchronous motor control process, that is, the control method of raising Induction Motor-Driven efficiency of the invention.
A kind of control method improving Induction Motor-Driven, includes the following steps:
S1, program start, and into state of a control machine, judge whether motor control panel is activated signal;Start when receiving
After signal, setting starting motor signal flag bit, into motor operation stage each status mechanism, guarantee successfully starts up motor.
Current output is arranged according to target velocity to the duty ratio of the pwm control signal of motor by S2.
S3 calculates an application phase angle, goes out three-phase according to SPWM theoretical calculation according to the running frequency of current motor
The phase angle applied respectively, then computation of table lookup goes out the PWM duty cycle of three-phase output.
S4 obtains the adjustment numerical value of the PWM duty cycle of three-phase output into the processing of phase-detection function.
Further, in step s 2, asynchronous machine generallys use the control method of voltage/frequency, and voltage is usually adopted
It is controlled with PWM duty cycle, therefore can be electric by constantly regulating and controlling the output of motor to PWM duty cycle/frequency control method
Pressure.Currently, PWM duty cycle/frequency ratio can usually pass through relation curve (this relation curve of PWM duty cycle and frequency
It is known experience curve) it obtains, therefore the PWM for needing to apply to motor can be extrapolated according to the frequency of current asynchronous motor
Duty ratio.
It is further preferred that the relation curve (experience curve) of the PWM duty cycle and frequency is direct proportion oblique line, throws
The custom curves such as object line, i.e. each frequency correspond to a fixed PWM duty cycle.
Further, in step s 2, asynchronous machine target velocity range is 0~50Hz.
It is further preferred that in step s 2, asynchronous machine target velocity≤50Hz.
It is further preferred that in step s3, the computer program in MCU executes collection analysis electric moter voltage current phase
The task of difference.Specifically, can be with real-time detection electric moter voltage and current zero-crossing point in the MCU when time, according to being adopted
The time difference of the voltage and current zero crossing of collection calculates the phase difference between voltage and current, the calculation of the phase difference
Are as follows: 360 ° of * (t2-t1)/motor current periods.
As shown in figure 3, for the algorithm schematic diagram of adjustment PWM output duty cycle middle in step s 4 of the invention:
1. entering step P0, first determine whether the voltage phase angle of A phase is in 0 value or so, if be near 0 value,
By time counting variable clear 0, count flag position 1, and P3 execution is entered in next step.
2. if executed P0 judgement is not located in 0 value into P1.Judge whether count flag position is set to 1.
If having set 1, illustrate that the phase angle of A phase has already appeared zero crossing, then time count value continues from adding, so at this time
After jump to P3 processing.
If not setting 1, illustrate that zero crossing, time counting clear 0 occurs not yet in A phase.Then branch to P3 processing.
3. detecting whether collected A phase current is near zero-crossing point when P3 judges, if it is attached to be in zero crossing
Closely, into P4, judge that zero passage number is greater than filter times, then explanation currently zero crossing occurs really, if it is determined that number is less than
Filter times then directly terminate function.
If A phase current is not located near zero-crossing point, counts clear 0 are filtered, terminate function.
4. in P4 judgement, if it is determined that phase current is in zero crossing really, then when will be from A phase voltage zero passage, just
Thus the time count value assignment for starting counting the time calculates the time interval T_ from voltage over zero to current zero-crossing point
Delta.Also, by count flag position clear 0.
5. after obtaining time interval T_Delta, being calculated according to the percentage that this value occupies the frequency of current motor operation
(motor operation frequency=1/ motor operation period, can according to running frequency for the phase angle difference of point of zero voltage and current zero out
Know the operation of the motor electric period, and an electric period is equal to 360 degree of phase angles)
6. judge whether the difference at this phase angle is greater than threshold value (this value is determined according to practical debugging effect) in P5, if
Greater than threshold value, then reduce output duty cycle;If phase angle difference is less than threshold value, increase output duty cycle.Then terminate letter
Several operations.
According to MCU phase difference between collected voltage and current adjust PWM output duty cycle, and then adjust motor
Voltage, to adjust the phase difference of electric moter voltage and electric current.
Detailed description of the invention
Upper figure is the schematic diagram of the phase difference of asynchronous machine when not increasing phase compensation in Fig. 1, and the following figure is to increase phase
The schematic diagram of the phase difference of asynchronous machine when compensation;Wherein aterrimus sine wave indicates that the voltage for being applied to machine winding is bent
Line, light/dark balance sine curve are the current curve of machine winding.
Fig. 2 is the flow chart of asynchronous motor control method of the invention.
Fig. 3 is the logical algorithm schematic diagram of the step S4 in asynchronous motor control method of the invention.
Specific embodiment
A method of improving Induction Motor-Driven efficiency, comprising:
Pre-set the PWM duty cycle of motor and the relation curve of frequency: according to the specific work shape to be achieved of motor
The target velocity of motor is arranged in state, presets the PWM duty cycle and frequency curve of motor;
MCU exports PWM duty cycle according to PWM duty cycle and the relation curve and motor speed of frequency: according to the mesh of motor
Speed, the i.e. relation curve of the PWM duty cycle of motor and frequency are marked, MCU operation exports PWM duty cycle by adjusting, output electricity
Electromechanics pressure, then modulated by SVPWM and electric moter voltage is modulated to sinewave output;
Measure electric moter voltage current and phase difference: after applying voltage on motor, since motor is inductive load, voltage
There are phase difference between electric current, MCU acquires the phase difference of electric moter voltage electric current;
Adjustment PWM output duty cycle: according to MCU institute collected voltage and current between phase difference come adjust PWM export
Duty ratio, and then electric moter voltage is adjusted, to adjust the phase difference of electric moter voltage and electric current.
Wherein the voltage current phase difference of motor requirement is in 10 °, the target velocity 50Hz of motor, motor operation frequency
When 50Hz, that is, the cycle of operation is 20ms.According to the relation curve of pre-set motor PWM duty ratio and frequency, PWM is accounted for
For sky than being 100%, the zero crossing difference time of electric moter voltage and electric current is 0.8ms, public according to the phase difference calculating of voltage and current
Formula is it is found that phase difference is 14.4 °, it is therefore desirable to reduce voltage, adjustment motor PWM duty ratio is 95%, the voltage and current of motor
Phase difference adjusts voltage swing at 10 °, according to the phase difference that MCU is fed back in real time, guarantees the drive efficiency of motor.
Specific embodiment 2:
A method of improving Induction Motor-Driven efficiency, comprising:
Pre-set the PWM duty cycle of motor and the relation curve of frequency: according to the specific work shape to be achieved of motor
The target velocity of motor is arranged in state, presets the PWM duty cycle and frequency curve of motor;
MCU exports PWM duty cycle: according to the mesh of motor according to the relation curve and motor speed of PWM duty cycle and frequency
Speed, the i.e. relation curve of the frequency of motor and PWM duty cycle and frequency are marked, MCU operation exports PWM duty by adjusting
Than output motor voltage is modulated using SVPWM electric moter voltage being modulated to sinewave output;
Measure electric moter voltage current and phase difference: after applying voltage on motor, since motor is inductive load, voltage
There are phase difference between electric current, MCU acquires the phase difference of electric moter voltage electric current;
Adjustment PWM output duty cycle: according to MCU institute collected voltage and current between phase difference come adjust PWM export
Duty ratio, and then electric moter voltage is adjusted, to adjust the phase difference of electric moter voltage and electric current.
Wherein the voltage current phase difference of motor requirement is in 10 °, the target velocity 30Hz of motor, motor operation frequency
When 30Hz, that is, the cycle of operation is 33.3ms, according to the relation curve of pre-set motor PWM duty ratio and frequency, PWM
Duty ratio is 60%, and the zero crossing difference time of electric moter voltage and electric current is 0.56ms, according to the phase difference calculating of voltage and current
Formula is it is found that phase difference is 6 °, it is therefore desirable to increase voltage, adjustment motor PWM duty ratio is 63%, the voltage and current phase of motor
Potential difference adjusts voltage swing at 10 °, according to the phase difference that MCU is fed back in real time, guarantees the drive efficiency of motor.
Specific embodiment 3:
A method of improving Induction Motor-Driven efficiency, comprising:
Pre-set the PWM duty cycle of motor and the relation curve of frequency: according to the specific work shape to be achieved of motor
The target velocity of motor is arranged in state, presets the PWM duty cycle and frequency curve of motor;
MCU exports PWM duty cycle according to PWM duty cycle and the relation curve and motor speed of frequency: according to the mesh of motor
Speed, the i.e. relation curve of the frequency of motor and PWM duty cycle and frequency are marked, MCU operation exports PWM duty by adjusting
Than output motor voltage is modulated using SVPWM electric moter voltage being modulated to sinewave output;
Measure electric moter voltage current and phase difference: after applying voltage on motor, since motor is inductive load, voltage
There are phase difference between electric current, MCU acquires the phase difference of electric moter voltage electric current;
Adjustment PWM output duty cycle: according to MCU institute collected voltage and current between phase difference come adjust PWM export
Duty ratio, and then electric moter voltage is adjusted, to adjust the phase difference of electric moter voltage and electric current.
The voltage current phase difference that wherein motor requires is at 8 °, when motor operation frequency is 40Hz, that is, the cycle of operation
For 25ms, according to the relation curve of pre-set motor PWM duty ratio and frequency, PWM duty cycle 80%, electric moter voltage and
The zero crossing difference time of electric current is 0.8ms, according to the phase difference calculating formula of voltage and current it is found that phase difference is 11.5 °, because
This needs to reduce voltage, and adjustment motor PWM duty ratio is 77%, and the voltage current phase difference of motor is at 8 °, according to MCU feedback
Phase difference adjusts voltage swing in real time, guarantees the drive efficiency of motor.
The embodiments described above only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but simultaneously
Limitations on the scope of the patent of the present invention therefore cannot be interpreted as.It should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art
For, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, various modifications and improvements can be made, these belong to guarantor of the invention
Protect range.Therefore, the scope of protection of the patent of the invention shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of method for improving Induction Motor-Driven efficiency, comprising:
Pre-set the PWM duty cycle of motor and the relation curve of frequency: according to motor specifically working condition to be achieved come
The target velocity of motor is set, the PWM duty cycle and frequency curve of motor are preset;
MCU exports PWM duty cycle according to PWM duty cycle and the relation curve and motor speed of frequency: according to the target of motor speed
Degree, the i.e. relation curve of the frequency of motor and PWM duty cycle and frequency, MCU operation export PWM duty cycle by adjusting, defeated
Electric moter voltage is modulated to sinewave output modulating by SVPWM by electric moter voltage out;
Measure electric moter voltage current and phase difference: after applying voltage on motor, since motor is inductive load, voltage and electricity
There are phase difference between stream, MCU acquires the phase difference of electric moter voltage electric current;
Adjustment PWM output duty cycle: according to MCU institute collected voltage and current between phase difference come adjust PWM export duty
Than, and then electric moter voltage is adjusted, to adjust the phase difference of electric moter voltage and electric current.
2. improving the method for Induction Motor-Driven efficiency as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the motor speed model
It encloses for 0~50Hz.
3. improving the method for Induction Motor-Driven efficiency as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the PWM duty cycle
It may be configured as the customized relation curves of users such as direct proportion oblique line, parabola, S type curve with the relation curve of frequency, i.e., often
The corresponding fixed PWM duty cycle of one frequency.
4. improving the method for Induction Motor-Driven efficiency as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the MCU controls PWM
The output of duty ratio, different PWM duty cycles corresponds to different voltage, therefore MCU is adjusted by the duty ratio of modulation output PWM
Whole electric moter voltage.
5. improving the method for Induction Motor-Driven efficiency as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: be equipped in the MCU
Zero cross detection circuit, time when can be with real-time detection electric moter voltage and current zero-crossing point, according to voltage and current mistake collected
The time difference of zero point calculates the phase difference between voltage and current, the calculation of the phase difference are as follows: 360 ° of * (t2-
T1)/motor current period.
6. improving the method for Induction Motor-Driven efficiency as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the MCU is in motor
It is the phase difference of real-time detection electric moter voltage and electric current during operation, adjusts the duty ratio of MCU output PWM in time, have
Effect is by the phase-difference control of electric moter voltage and electric current in certain threshold range.
7. the method for the raising Induction Motor-Driven efficiency as described in claim 1~6, it is characterised in that: the MCU is collected
Electric moter voltage current and phase difference be greater than some threshold value when, can reduce the voltage being applied on motor, to reduce voltage
It is opposite with the phase difference of electric current, when the phase difference of collected electric moter voltage and electric current is less than some threshold value, Ke Yizeng
The voltage being applied to greatly on motor, to increase the phase difference of voltage and current.
8. improving the method for Induction Motor-Driven efficiency as claimed in claim 7, it is characterised in that: threshold value is 5 °~13 °.
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CN110086382A (en) * | 2019-06-04 | 2019-08-02 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Control method, computer installation and the computer readable storage medium of brshless DC motor |
CN112087852A (en) * | 2019-06-12 | 2020-12-15 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Control method and control device for plasma generator |
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Application publication date: 20181214 |