CN109000819A - A kind of temperature-sensing color-changing material and distribution line arrester Damage by Short Circuit indicating means - Google Patents
A kind of temperature-sensing color-changing material and distribution line arrester Damage by Short Circuit indicating means Download PDFInfo
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- CN109000819A CN109000819A CN201810506356.0A CN201810506356A CN109000819A CN 109000819 A CN109000819 A CN 109000819A CN 201810506356 A CN201810506356 A CN 201810506356A CN 109000819 A CN109000819 A CN 109000819A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K11/00—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00
- G01K11/12—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00 using changes in colour, translucency or reflectance
- G01K11/14—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00 using changes in colour, translucency or reflectance of inorganic materials
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K11/00—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00
- G01K11/12—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00 using changes in colour, translucency or reflectance
- G01K11/16—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00 using changes in colour, translucency or reflectance of organic materials
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/08—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks
- G01R31/081—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks according to type of conductors
- G01R31/085—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks according to type of conductors in power transmission or distribution lines, e.g. overhead
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- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of temperature-sensing color-changing material and distribution line arrester Damage by Short Circuit indicating means, the indicating means is the surface of metal electrode setting temperature-sensing color-changing material coating in distribution line arrester, it changes this phenomenon in the case where power frequency arc is burnt as failure according to the color of the temperature-sensing color-changing material coating to indicate, operations staff checks that discovery color change can determine that the leakage conductor has broken down.The present invention is compared to existing distribution line arrester Damage by Short Circuit detection technique economical index is superior, is more suitable for distribution line use, its failure mark is accurate and obvious, operations staff is facilitated to search and locate faulty line arrester, increased lightning protection cost is not high simultaneously, and distribution line is suitble to use on a large scale.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to distribution line arrester short trouble detection technique field, specifically a kind of temperature-sensing color-changing material and
Distribution line arrester Damage by Short Circuit indicating means, using power frequency short circuit current electric arc burn lower color can occur it is irreversible
The temperature-sensing color-changing material coating of change provides faulty line arrester one and clearly indicates.
Background technique
Band external series gap metal oxide arrester (hereinafter referred to as leakage conductor) is anti-as a kind of effective thunder and lightning
Protection unit is widely used in overhead power transmission line road, especially on 10kV and 35kV voltage class distribution network line, linked network fortune
Line number amount is up to million sets.The route of installation leakage conductor will not generate power frequency continued flow electric arc after lightning stroke flashover, without being overlapped
Brake gear movement, lightning stroke cause the fluctuation of route working voltage small.This, which is leakage conductor device, leads arc class compared to parallel connection gaps etc.
The great advantage of device.Leakage conductor main body is made of compression limiter and external series gap two parts.Have it is a kind of will be with outer string
Join gap arrester and the integrated device of line insulator, is referred to as built-in compression limiter insulator or insulator limits
Depressor can regard a kind of special structure form of leakage conductor as.
Leakage conductor in normal work, due to the isolation of outer series connection the air gap, compression limiter is practical holding of undertaking
Continuous working voltage is lower, is usually no more than the 20% of route phase voltage, therefore the metal oxide resistance inside compression limiter
Because the probability of long-term withstanding voltage aged deterioration is extremely low, can consider not as a kind of fault type.Leakage conductor it is main
Fault type are as follows: under the effect of amplitude direct lightning strike, when especially thunder and lightning hits leakage conductor near region route, kept away by route
The dash current that thunder device flows into the earth is more than resistor disc through-current capability, causes resistor-piece side glaze layer insulation breakdown or resistor disc
Directly breakdown perforation；Externally sealing performance design is bad inside compression limiter, and compression limiter runs internal wetted after a period of time,
Built-in electrical insulation punctures under lightning surge effect.After above-mentioned impulse breakdown occurs, compression limiter is equivalent to whole short circuit, connects
Power frequency short circuit current generate electric arc along external series gap breakdown channel, arc current amplitude and system neutral earthing mode,
Singlephase earth fault or alternate ground fault etc. are related, and kiloampere differs from several amperes to tens.It trips in transforming plant protecting
Before starting, short circuit current electric arc can not extinguish, and maintain burn on the electrode of external series gap always, and arc root temperature reaches as high as
Thousands of even up to ten thousand degree centigrade.
The lagging material almost all of national line arrester compression limiter uses composite material at present, and fraction is with front hanging
Net operation using ceramic material.It is well known that distribution line by indirect lightning strike to occur based on singlephase earth fault, it is single
1kA is less than by the electric current of faulty line arrester under phase ground fault, short circuit current energy is difficult that housing is caused obviously to burst
It is broken, it is often the tearing port that air pressure inside power causes part very tiny to composite sheath, to porcelain jacket internal atmospheric pressure along end
The preset venting in portion is released, and is all not easy intuitively to check from the appearance and is out of order.In terms of the short-circuit test result of laboratory,
Even if simulation occur phase-to phase fault big short-circuit current rush, the housing damaged condition of compression limiter also with the close phase of current amplitude
It closes, considers that actual track phase fault size of current is related with short dot position, the increasing with short dot apart from substation's distance
Greatly, amplitude of short circuit exponentially declines, and after short circuit current is less than 2kA, the damaged condition of compression limiter housing becomes unknown
It shows.Due to leakage conductor external series gap apart from design requirement meet compression limiter be shorted after be still resistant to be
System power-frequency overvoltage and switching overvoltage, therefore simple leakage conductor failure, circuit re-switching tend to success, route
It is to be run with faulty line arrester after restoring electricity.China's distribution line operating mileage alreadys exceed 3,000,000 kilometers, line
Road arrester linked network quantity rough Statistics are at 1,000,000 or more, and substantial amounts, for operations staff, maximum problem exists
How generation short trouble is found within the time short as far as possible after line powering recovery but appearance is not apparent from the lightning-arrest of damage
Device takes the conventional method for inspecting for doing visual examination from ground with equipment such as naked eyes auxiliary telescopes to judge, effect is extremely
It is bad.
Existing main solution is, installation detachment device mating with leakage conductor.Disconnector is a kind of online
When road arrester compression limiter breaks down, disconnect arrester connecting line and system with removal system sustained fault, and provide
A kind of device of faulty line arrester visible mark.As shown in Figure 1, generally will be disengaged from the low pressure that 2 devices are mounted on compression limiter 1
Between end and the earth (i.e. route cross-arm 5 is mounted on insulating support 4), i.e., one is increased in leakage conductor circuit can
The node of disconnection, when 1 short circuit of compression limiter, when power frequency short circuit current enters ground by disconnector 2, disconnector 2 is acted, by pressure limiting list
Connecting line 3 between member 1 and the earth is cut-off, and 3 one end of connecting line of disconnection, which naturally droops to be equivalent to, gives a visible failure
Warning Mark.Disconnector 2 is divided to for hot melten type and two kinds of heat explosion type, and hot melten type is that short circuit current generate heat to melt in special metal
Melt disconnected, heat explosion type is to detect after electric current meets trigger condition through short circuit current measurement circuit, to one, the mechanism of filling gunpowder
Trigger signal realizes that explosion is cut-off, and from the point of view of integrated application effect, hot melten type disconnector starting current is big, and actuation time is long, can
Poor by property, heat explosion type improves above-mentioned parameter index, but consequent is higher installation cost, and price is even more than
The price of leakage conductor.Up to now, the number of applications of detachment device is very limited, and it is wide to be not that one kind is run unit
The solution of general receiving.
Other solutions are the various types of on-Line Monitor Devices of installation.Utilize the measuring devices such as current sensor reality
When monitoring compression limiter circulation Leakage Current, measuring signal summarizes through Wireless/wired communication transfer to remote server, through patrolling
Collect the specific number that short trouble compression limiter is provided after processing determines or position.The fault distinguishing accuracy rate of this method is higher,
But it is clear that the economic cost for entirely monitoring system is not appropriate for distribution line and is widely used.
Summary of the invention
That the purpose of the present invention is to propose to a kind of temperature-sensing color-changing materials and Technological Economy economic indicator is superior, be more suitable for matching
The leakage conductor short trouble scene indicating means that electric line uses, failure mark is accurate and obvious, facilitates operations staff
Faulty line arrester is searched and located, while increased lightning protection cost is not high, distribution line is suitble to use on a large scale.
A kind of distribution line arrester Damage by Short Circuit indicating means is arranged in the surface of metal electrode of distribution line arrester
Temperature-sensing color-changing material coating, being changed according to the color of the temperature-sensing color-changing material coating in the case where power frequency arc is burnt, this is existing
As indicating as failure, determine that the leakage conductor has broken down, each component of the temperature-sensing color-changing material coating is according to such as
Lower weight: 100 parts of organic solvents, 20~40 parts of packing materials, 5~8 parts of organic heat discoloration powders, 10~20 parts of nothings
Machine heat discoloration powder, 1~3 part of dispersing agent, 0.5~2 part of defoaming agent.
Further, the organic solvent can for one of dimethylbenzene, toluene, styrene, ethyl alcohol, butyl acetate or
Several mixing.
Further, the packing material can be one of nano zine oxide, Nano carbon white, silica or several
The mixing of kind.
Further, organic heat discoloration powder is hexamethylenetetramine, melamine resin, one in caprylic acid
Kind or several mixing.
Further, the inorganic heat discoloration powder is one or more of fluoride, iodide, nickel salt, cobalt salt
Mixing.
Further, the dispersing agent is propylene glycol monomethyl ether or dipropylene glycol methyl ether.
Further, the defoaming agent is dimethyl silicone polymer or tributyl phosphate.
A kind of temperature-sensing color-changing material, each component is according to following weight: 100 parts of organic solvents, 20~40 parts of fillings
Material, 5~8 parts of organic heat discoloration powders, 10~20 parts of inorganic heat discoloration powders, 1~3 part of dispersing agent, 0.5~2 part disappear
Infusion.
Further, the temperature-sensing color-changing material the preparation method comprises the following steps: first by packing material pass through ball milling, reach its partial size
To 10 μm hereinafter, being later mixed to join inorganic heat discoloration powder, organic heat discoloration powder and packing material organic molten
It is stirred evenly inside agent, adds defoaming agent, dispersing agent, form slurry.
Further, organic heat discoloration powder is hexamethylenetetramine, melamine resin, one in caprylic acid
Kind or several mixing, the inorganic heat discoloration powder are one or more of fluoride, iodide, nickel salt, cobalt salt
Mixing.
The present invention is maximum excellent other than providing a kind of method of accurately judgement generation short trouble leakage conductor
Point is that the implementation economic cost of this method is cheap, without daily compared to the method for existing installation disconnector, on-Line Monitor Device
Operation and maintenance are more suitable for distribution line and are widely used to the runnability of leakage conductor without any negative effect.The material applies
Layer can be given in leakage conductor process of producing product and coat, can also leakage conductor to hanging net operation it is directly live
Coating or replacement have coated the external series gap electrode of coating, and coating is not limited by territory of use's natural environment, simple and stable
Reliably.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural schematic diagram of existing device for detecting arrester short trouble；
Fig. 2 is the test result figure using distribution line arrester Damage by Short Circuit indicating means of the present invention, wherein Fig. 2 (a)
It is Chinese red that display electric arc, which burns Front-coating mirror color,；Fig. 2 (b) shows that test current 10A, current duration 0.5s electric arc are burnt
Coating color becomes black afterwards；Fig. 2 (c) shows that test current 5kA, display test current 0.1s electric arc burn rear coating color and become
For black.
In figure: 1-compression limiter, 2-disconnectors, 3-connecting lines, 4-insulating supports, 5-route cross-arms.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the attached drawing in the present invention, the technical solution in the present invention is clearly and completely described.
Indicate that the distribution line that short trouble occurs is kept away using high-temperature discoloration material coating scene the invention proposes a kind of
The method of thunder device.The color of this method using high-temperature discoloration material coating changes this objective phenomenon as failure mark, transports
Administrative staff checks that discovery color change just can determine that the leakage conductor has broken down.
The lower temperature-sensing color-changing material that can be irreversibly changed, each group are burnt in power frequency arc high temperature the invention proposes a kind of
Divide according to following weight: 100 parts of organic solvents, 20~40 parts of packing materials, 5~8 parts of organic heat discoloration powders, 10
~20 parts of inorganic heat discoloration powders, 1~3 part of dispersing agent, 0.5~2 part of defoaming agent.
The organic solvent can be the mixed of one or more of dimethylbenzene, toluene, styrene, ethyl alcohol, butyl acetate
It closes.
The packing material can be the mixing of one or more of nano zine oxide, Nano carbon white, silica.
Organic heat discoloration powder is one or more of hexamethylenetetramine, melamine resin, caprylic acid
Mixing.
The inorganic heat discoloration powder is the mixing of one or more of fluoride, iodide, nickel salt, cobalt salt.
The dispersing agent is propylene glycol monomethyl ether or dipropylene glycol methyl ether.
The defoaming agent is dimethyl silicone polymer or tributyl phosphate.
The packing material, organic heat discoloration powder, inorganic heat discoloration powder have codetermined the original aobvious of material
Show color, organic heat discoloration powder, inorganic heat discoloration powder determine that the stabilization after discoloring temperature critical point and discoloration is aobvious
Show color.Ingredient and ratio by changing packing material and temperature-sensing color-changing material can be needed to adjust original display according to application
Color.Failure is found in order to facilitate a tour personnel distant place, it is proposed that material original display color is red or green or yellow
These light tone system colors, may be selected after high-temperature discoloration dark-coloured system and with the apparent color of original display color distinction, such as black.
Several specific formula embodiments that temperature-sensing color-changing material is given below are illustrated:
Embodiment 1
A kind of to burn the lower temperature-sensing color-changing material that be irreversibly changed in power frequency arc high temperature, each component is according to following weight
Measure part proportion: 100 parts of dimethylbenzene, 20 parts of nano zine oxides, 10 parts of Nano carbon whites, 8 parts of hexamethylenetetramines, 10 parts of polytetrafluoros
Ethylene, 2 parts of propylene glycol monomethyl ether dispersing agents, 2 parts of rolydimethylsiloxane defoamers.
Embodiment 2
A kind of to burn the lower temperature-sensing color-changing material that be irreversibly changed in power frequency arc high temperature, each component is according to following weight
Measure part proportion: 100 parts of styrene, 30 parts of nano zine oxides, 5 parts of hexamethylenetetramines, 20 parts of poly(perfluoropropene)s, 2 parts of dipropyls two
Alcohol methyl ether dispersing agent, 1 part of tributyl phosphate defoaming agent.
Embodiment 3
A kind of to burn the lower temperature-sensing color-changing material that be irreversibly changed in power frequency arc high temperature, each component is according to following weight
Measure part proportion: 100 parts of dimethylbenzene, 40 parts of nano zine oxides, 8 parts of hexamethylenetetramines, 20 parts of polyvinylidene fluoride, 3 parts the third two
Alcohol methyl ether dispersing agent, 2 parts of rolydimethylsiloxane defoamers.
In exemplary embodiments of the invention, the original display color of temperature-sensing color-changing material coating is Chinese red, discoloring temperature
Critical point is about 800 DEG C, and stablizing display color after discoloration is black, sees Fig. 2.
Finished material by ball milling the preparation method comprises the following steps: first make its partial size reach 10 μm hereinafter, later by nothing packing material
Machine heat discoloration powder, organic heat discoloration powder and packing material are mixed to join inside organic solvent and stir evenly, then plus
Enter defoaming agent, dispersing agent, forms slurry.
Material coating processes are as follows: first go to decontaminate by the surface of metal electrode alcohol equal solvent wiping of distribution line arrester
Dirty things, then rinsed well with deionized water naturally dry or are placed on flash baking in baking oven later, are restored to environment in electrode
Temperature-sensing color-changing material slurry is sprayed or brushed to electrode surface, naturally dry after temperature (0 DEG C~40 DEG C).
The present invention is difficult to be run the visitor that personnel quickly search and locate after damaging for distribution line arrester lightning fault
See practical problem and as the fast as possible application for finding faulty line arrester of route operational safety an urgent demand operations staff
Demand, combined circuit arrester lightning stroke Damage by Short Circuit during external series gap need to be resistant to this feature of power frequency continued flow electric arc,
It proposes to burn the temperature-sensing color-changing material that irreversible change occurs for rear color by using a kind of high-temperature electric arc, realizes the standard to failure
Really mark.The temperature-sensing color-changing material is attached to leakage conductor external series gap electrode surface in a manner of shallow layer.Lightning stroke short circuit
After failure occurs, operations staff is first depending on substation's internal fault positioning device or voltage and current monitoring information, rough to determine
Lightning failure point position after inspection personnel to scene, stand on ground, by hoping glasses assist visually observing external series gap electrode
Significant change occurs such as compared with primitive color, can be determined as that faulty line is kept away for the color of surface temperature-sensing color-changing material coating
Thunder device.
The present invention proposes the validity and reliability of method, main experimental by verification experimental verification 1-3 of the embodiment of the present invention
Project includes: power frequency arc combustion test, lightning impulse flashover voltage test, weather resistance test.
Power frequency arc combustion test: arc current when singlephase earth fault or phase-to phase fault occurs for analog line
Test product situation is burnt, the validity of proposition method of the present invention is examined.Test product is that surface is coated with the outer of above-mentioned inorganic material coating
High and low pressure electrode is shorted by series gap electrode with thin metal fuse, and coating material original display color is Chinese red, design
High-temperature discoloration is black.Test current has been taken as 10A respectively and (has simulated isolated neutral or through high resistance ground or through extinguishing arc
Coil single-phase grounded malfunction in grounded system), 600A (simulation Neutral Point Through Low Resistance system single-phase earth fault), 2kA and
5kA (simulation phase-to phase fault), current duration is taken as 0.1s~0.5s.Test result is shown, is burnt through power frequency arc arc root
Region, coating color are changed into the black of anticipation by Chinese red, and color change interval is related with test current size and action time, electricity
Stream is bigger, and action time is longer, and color change interval is bigger.Even if in the experimental condition of 10A, 0.5s, discoloration and transformation region
Domain is also more obvious, can easily be found by people's visual inspection, as shown in Fig. 2 (b).
Lightning impulse flashover voltage test: for examining inorganic material coating proposed by the present invention to leakage conductor thunder and lightning
The influence of discharge voltage.Leakage conductor comparative test result through external series gap metal electrode with/without coating shows coating
There is no substantial influence to 50% lightning impulse flashover voltage of leakage conductor, the discharging action voltage of leakage conductor will not occur
Change.
Weather resistance test: for examining the environmental suitability of inorganic material coating proposed by the present invention and using durable
Property.Test product is metal ring electrode, surface coating inorganic material coating, and reference composite insulator testing standard passes through respectively
The test of 1000h salt spray resistance, the test of 600h wet-hot aging performance, the test of 240h chemical mediator-resitant property, 1000h ultraviolet resistance
It can test, conservative estimation, material coating open air service life is no less than 15 years, can run with the limit of mating leakage conductor
Service life matches, and not by using local climate environmental restrictions.
The above description is merely a specific embodiment, but scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto, any
Belong to those skilled in the art in the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of, all answers
It is included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of distribution line arrester Damage by Short Circuit indicating means, it is characterised in that: in the metal electricity of distribution line arrester
Temperature-sensing color-changing material coating is arranged in pole surface, burns lower generation in power frequency arc according to the color of the temperature-sensing color-changing material coating
Change this phenomenon as failure indicate, determine that the leakage conductor has broken down, the temperature-sensing color-changing material coating it is each
Component is according to following weight: 100 parts of organic solvents, 20~40 parts of packing materials, 5~8 parts of organic heat discoloration powders,
10~20 parts of inorganic heat discoloration powders, 1~3 part of dispersing agent, 0.5~2 part of defoaming agent.
2. distribution line arrester Damage by Short Circuit indicating means as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the organic solvent
For the mixing of one or more of dimethylbenzene, toluene, styrene, ethyl alcohol, butyl acetate.
3. distribution line arrester Damage by Short Circuit indicating means as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the packing material
For the mixing of one or more of nano zine oxide, Nano carbon white, silica.
4. distribution line arrester Damage by Short Circuit indicating means as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: organic temperature-sensitive
Discoloration powder is the mixing of one or more of hexamethylenetetramine, melamine resin, caprylic acid.
5. distribution line arrester Damage by Short Circuit indicating means as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the inorganic temperature-sensitive
Discoloration powder is the mixing of one or more of fluoride, iodide, nickel salt, cobalt salt.
6. distribution line arrester Damage by Short Circuit indicating means as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the dispersing agent is
Propylene glycol monomethyl ether or dipropylene glycol methyl ether.
7. distribution line arrester Damage by Short Circuit indicating means as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the defoaming agent is
Dimethyl silicone polymer or tributyl phosphate.
8. a kind of temperature-sensing color-changing material, it is characterised in that: each component is according to following weight: 100 parts of organic solvents, 20~
40 parts of packing materials, 5~8 parts of organic heat discoloration powders, 10~20 parts of inorganic heat discoloration powders, 1~3 part of dispersing agent, 0.5
~2 parts of defoaming agents.
9. temperature-sensing color-changing material as claimed in claim 8, it is characterised in that: the temperature-sensing color-changing material the preparation method comprises the following steps:
Packing material is first passed through into ball milling, its partial size is made to reach 10 μm hereinafter, later by inorganic heat discoloration powder, organic heat discoloration
Powder and packing material are mixed to join inside organic solvent and stir evenly, and add defoaming agent, dispersing agent, form slurry.
10. temperature-sensing color-changing material as claimed in claim 8, it is characterised in that: organic heat discoloration powder is six first
The mixing of one or more of urotropine, melamine resin, caprylic acid, the inorganic heat discoloration powder be fluoride,
The mixing of one or more of iodide, nickel salt, cobalt salt.
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| CN201810506356.0A CN109000819B (en) | 2018-05-24 | 2018-05-24 | Temperature-sensing color-changing material and short-circuit damage indication method for distribution line lightning arrester |
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| CN201810506356.0A CN109000819B (en) | 2018-05-24 | 2018-05-24 | Temperature-sensing color-changing material and short-circuit damage indication method for distribution line lightning arrester |
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