CN108999653B - Shaft seal device for adjustable extraction steam turbine and working method of shaft seal device - Google Patents
Shaft seal device for adjustable extraction steam turbine and working method of shaft seal device Download PDFInfo
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- CN108999653B CN108999653B CN201810934648.4A CN201810934648A CN108999653B CN 108999653 B CN108999653 B CN 108999653B CN 201810934648 A CN201810934648 A CN 201810934648A CN 108999653 B CN108999653 B CN 108999653B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D11/00—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K7/00—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating
- F01K7/34—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating the engines being of extraction or non-condensing type; Use of steam for feed-water heating
- F01K7/345—Control or safety-means particular thereto
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K7/00—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating
- F01K7/34—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating the engines being of extraction or non-condensing type; Use of steam for feed-water heating
- F01K7/38—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating the engines being of extraction or non-condensing type; Use of steam for feed-water heating the engines being of turbine type
Abstract
The invention relates to a shaft seal device for an adjustable extraction steam turbine and a working method thereof. After the steam turbine is provided with the adjustable steam extraction regulating valve, in order to reduce the steam leakage loss of the valve and improve the efficiency of the steam turbine, a shaft seal system of the steam turbine needs to be redesigned. The invention comprises a high-pressure main steam regulating combination valve, a steam supply pipeline, a vacuum pressure gauge, an adjustable steam extraction regulating valve, a steam filter, an electric stop valve, a safety valve, a stop valve, a pressure gauge, a pressure equalizing box, a low-pressure steam supply regulating valve, a bimetal ball thermometer, a high-pressure steam supply regulating valve, an overflow regulating valve, a steam supplementing pipeline, a drainage expansion container, a water filter, a temperature reducing water valve, a shaft seal heater, a needle valve, a fan, a low-pressure heat supply attemperator, a thermocouple and the like. The steam seal system can ensure the quality of supplied steam and avoid the damage of the rotor; the source of steam seal steam is provided under various operation conditions of the steam turbine; the running stability of the steam seal system under different pressure and flow conditions is ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a shaft seal device for an adjustable extraction steam turbine and a working method thereof, belonging to a self-sealing steam seal system.
Background
When the modern steam turbine is designed, the steam seal system of the steam turbine cannot realize self-sealing under the working condition of the unit operation, and steam supply is required to be carried out from an external steam source so as to maintain the vacuum of a low-pressure cylinder, reduce the efficiency of the steam turbine and reduce the economical efficiency of the unit operation, for example, the Chinese patent with the application number of 201620073837.3; meanwhile, when the steam turbine normally operates, the rotor shaft seal is damaged to different degrees due to poor steam quality of the shaft seal; when the steam turbine runs under low load, steam parameters are reduced, so that required shaft seal steam supply parameters also need to be correspondingly adjusted, matching of the steam parameters and the metal temperature of the rotor is ensured, the temperature reduction water is often put into, the quality of the temperature reduction water of different power plants is inconsistent, more impurities exist in the condensed water, the steam is caused to have a large amount of impurities after being sprayed into a shaft seal steam pipeline, and then the pipeline and the rotor are damaged to different degrees.
Along with the promotion of industrial steam demand, improve the whole profit of power plant, the steam turbine is required to have the steam extraction function when the design, and the user has higher requirement to the extraction parameter, needs to adjust extraction pressure and flow, and the steam turbine needs to set up adjustable extraction governing valve when the design like this, satisfies the requirement of user to the extraction parameter. After the steam turbine is provided with the adjustable steam extraction regulating valve, in order to reduce valve steam leakage loss and improve the efficiency of the steam turbine, a shaft seal system of the steam turbine needs to be designed in a reexamination mode, normal operation of the steam turbine is met, and meanwhile the effects of energy conservation and emission reduction are achieved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide the shaft seal device for the adjustable extraction steam turbine, which is reasonable in design, and the working method thereof.
The invention solves the problems by adopting the following technical scheme: the shaft seal device for the adjustable steam extraction type steam turbine comprises a cylinder and is characterized by further comprising a high-pressure main steam adjusting combination valve, an adjustable steam extraction adjusting valve, a pressure equalizing box, a safety valve, a pressure transmitter, a bimetal ball thermometer, a pressure gauge, a first electric stop valve, a low-pressure shaft seal attemperator, a first steam filter, a pressure equalizing box electric water drain adjusting valve, a shaft seal heater, a steam pipeline, a fan, a needle valve, a water drain expansion vessel, a balance steam pipeline, a thermocouple, a first installation connecting pipe, a balance pipeline electric water drain adjusting valve, a second electric stop valve and a second steam filter; the high-pressure main steam regulating combined valve is connected with two ends of the cylinder through a steam pipeline, the adjustable steam extraction regulating valve is arranged above the cylinder, the adjustable steam extraction regulating valve is connected with the steam pipeline, and the adjustable steam extraction regulating valve is connected with one end of the cylinder through a balance steam pipeline; the pressure equalizing box is respectively connected with the cylinder, the adjustable steam extraction regulating valve and the drainage flash tank, the pressure equalizing box is provided with a safety valve, a pressure transmitter, a bimetal ball thermometer and a pressure gauge, a second steam filter and a second electric stop valve are arranged between the pressure equalizing box and one end of the cylinder, a first electric stop valve is arranged between the pressure equalizing box and the adjustable steam extraction regulating valve, a low-pressure shaft seal attemperator and a first steam filter are arranged between the pressure equalizing box and the other end of the cylinder, the thermocouple is connected to a pipeline between the pressure equalizing box and the other end of the cylinder through a first mounting connecting pipe, and a pressure equalizing box electric drainage regulating valve is arranged between the pressure equalizing box and the drainage flash tank; the shaft seal heater is arranged on the steam pipeline, the fan is connected with the shaft seal heater, and a needle valve is arranged between the fan and the shaft seal heater; the drainage expansion tank is connected with the balance steam pipeline, and an electric drainage regulating valve of the balance pipeline is arranged between the drainage expansion tank and the balance steam pipeline.
The shaft seal device for the adjustable extraction steam turbine is mainly used for preventing external air from leaking into a steam turbine cylinder, thereby influencing the vacuum of a low-pressure cylinder, and meanwhile, steam in the steam turbine must be prevented from leaking out of the cylinder, so that water in oil is easily caused by leaking into a bearing box, and the steam is leaked into a steam turbine room to damage the environment of the steam turbine room.
The shaft seal device for the adjustable steam extraction turbine is a self-sealing system, is mainly used for a steam turbine with adjustable steam extraction, the parameter of the steam extraction is realized through an adjustable steam extraction regulating valve positioned above a cylinder, and the opening of the adjustable steam extraction regulating valve is controlled by a gasoline engine according to the steam extraction parameter (pressure and flow), so that the steam extraction parameter is regulated, and the requirement of a user on the steam extraction parameter is met. The number of the adjustable steam extraction regulating valves is set according to the requirement of steam extraction parameters, a reasonable space is arranged above the cylinder for fixing, and the working reliability of the adjustable steam extraction regulating valves is determined. After the steam turbine is increased with different quantity of adjustable steam extraction regulating valves, in order to prevent the environment of the steam turbine room from being damaged, and simultaneously in order to improve the efficiency of the steam turbine, a section of steam leakage of a valve rod of the adjustable steam extraction regulating valve is led out through a pipeline and is connected to a pressure equalizing box, and then steam is supplied to a low-pressure cylinder steam seal; the second-stage steam leakage of the adjustable steam extraction regulating valve is led to the shaft seal heater through a pipeline to perform full heat exchange, and the non-condensable gas is extracted and discharged to the atmosphere through a fan on the shaft seal heater.
Furthermore, the pressure equalizing box is also respectively connected with a low-pressure steam supply pipeline, a high-pressure steam supply pipeline and a condenser; the low-pressure steam supply pipeline is provided with a low-pressure steam supply electric stop valve and a low-pressure steam supply regulating valve; the pressure equalizing box is connected with the high-pressure steam supply desuperheater through a high-pressure steam supply pipeline, the high-pressure steam supply desuperheater is respectively connected with a high-pressure air source and a first condensate pump, a high-pressure steam supply regulating valve and a high-pressure steam supply electric stop valve are arranged between the high-pressure steam supply desuperheater and the high-pressure air source, a high-pressure steam supply temperature-reducing water regulating valve and a high-pressure steam supply temperature-reducing water electric stop valve are arranged between the high-pressure steam supply desuperheater and the first condensate pump, and a bypass is arranged between the high-pressure steam supply desuperheater and the first condensate pump; an overflow regulating valve is arranged between the pressure equalizing box and the condenser, and a bypass is arranged between the pressure equalizing box and the condenser.
Furthermore, the high-pressure steam supply temperature-reducing water regulating valve, the low-pressure steam supply temperature-reducing water regulating valve, the stop valve, the low-pressure steam supply desuperheater and the high-pressure steam supply desuperheater form a steam temperature control device of the steam seal system, so that the temperature of steam seal sealing steam before entering the steam seals of the high-pressure cylinder and the low-pressure cylinder is reduced, and the possible deformation of the steam seal shell and the damage to a turbine rotor are prevented. The temperature regulating station mainly comprises a temperature reducing water regulating valve and a desuperheater, wherein the high-pressure steam supply desuperheater and the high-pressure steam supply regulating valve are combined into an electric temperature regulating device with a valve for reducing temperature, a temperature signal of the high-pressure steam supply temperature reducing water regulating valve is obtained from a comparison value of the metal temperature of the inner wall of a high-pressure cylinder and the steam temperature in a steam seal cavity of the high-pressure cylinder, and the setting value is about +/-110 ℃; the low-pressure steam supply desuperheater and the low-pressure steam supply regulating valve are combined into an electric temperature regulating device with an internal valve for reducing temperature, a low-pressure steam temperature reducing water regulating valve temperature signal is obtained from a steam temperature value in a steam seal cavity of a low-pressure cylinder, and the setting value is 150 ℃.
Furthermore, the low-pressure shaft seal attemperator is connected with a No. two condensate pump, a stop valve, a water filter, a low-pressure shaft seal attemperator and a low-pressure shaft seal attemperator electric stop valve are arranged between the low-pressure shaft seal attemperator and the No. two condensate pump, and a bypass is arranged between the low-pressure shaft seal attemperator and the No. two condensate pump.
Further, the pressure equalizing box comprises a blocking plate, a second steel pipe and a fourth steel pipe, wherein the blocking plate is arranged at the two ends of the second steel pipe along the radial direction, the fourth steel pipe is arranged at the two ends of the second steel pipe along the axial direction, and the fourth steel pipe is communicated with the second steel pipe; the pipe wall of the second steel pipe is radially provided with a first steel pipe, a third steel pipe, a first joint, a second joint, a third joint, a fifth steel pipe and a sixth steel pipe, the first joint is provided with a second installation connecting pipe, and the first steel pipe, the third steel pipe, the first joint, the second joint, the third joint, the fifth steel pipe, the sixth steel pipe and the second installation connecting pipe are all communicated with the second steel pipe.
Furthermore, the high-pressure main steam regulating combined valve is used for controlling the flow of main steam, so as to regulate the rotating speed and load of the steam turbine; the inlet of the high-pressure main steam regulating combined valve is welded with a main steam pipeline of the boiler or the waste heat boiler, the outlet of the high-pressure main steam regulating combined valve is welded with a main steam guide pipe, and the high-pressure main steam regulating combined valve is regulated and controlled through an oil motor arranged above the valve; the high-pressure main steam regulating combined valve is provided with two sections of shaft seal steam leakage, one section is the steam leakage of the high-pressure main steam valve rod, the other section is the steam leakage of the high-pressure regulating valve rod, and the two sections of shaft seal steam leakage are connected with the shaft seal heater through pipelines.
Furthermore, the adjustable steam extraction regulating valve is formed by processing castings, is fixed right above the cylinder through a flange and a connecting bolt, and is provided with different numbers of adjustable steam extraction regulating valves according to different steam extraction flows of the steam turbine; the adjustable steam extraction regulating valve can regulate the flow and pressure of the steam extraction, and the opening of the adjustable steam extraction regulating valve is controlled by the oil motor positioned right above the adjustable steam extraction regulating valve; each adjustable steam extraction regulating valve is provided with two sections of steam leakage, the parameters of the first section of steam leakage are the same as those of steam of the pressure equalizing box, and the first section of steam leakage is connected with the pressure equalizing box through a pipeline by welding to lead the first section of steam leakage to the pressure equalizing box; the second section steam leakage is positioned at the outer end of the adjustable steam extraction regulating valve, and the second section steam leakage is connected with the shaft seal heater through a pipeline to prevent steam from leaking into a factory building.
Furthermore, one end of the cylinder is connected with a high-pressure cylinder shaft seal steam leakage pipeline, and the other end of the cylinder is connected with a low-pressure cylinder shaft seal steam supply pipeline; the first steam filter and the second steam filter are assembled by a filter screen, a nut, a stud, a flange cover and a filter body, and are respectively arranged on a low-pressure cylinder shaft seal steam supply pipeline and a high-pressure cylinder shaft seal steam leakage pipeline, so that the steam is filtered, and the damage of a rotor caused by the entering of external substances into the steam seal is prevented; the Y-shaped branch pipe of the filter is horizontally arranged or arranged at the top of the pipeline, and can be automatically emptied and discharged. The steam filter is welded with the inlet steam pipeline and the outlet steam pipeline, so that online pollution discharge cleaning can be realized, and disassembly and cleaning are not needed.
Furthermore, the water filter is assembled by a filter screen, a nut, a stud, a flange cover, a filter body and a sealing gasket, and is arranged on a desuperheating water pipeline from a second condensate pump and used for filtering desuperheating water so as to prevent impurities of the desuperheating water from entering a steam seal to damage a rotor; the Y-shaped branch pipe of the filter is arranged at the bottom of the pipeline, so that the sewage can be discharged automatically. The water filter is welded with the inlet and outlet temperature reduction water pipelines, so that on-line pollution discharge cleaning can be realized, and disassembly and cleaning are not needed.
The working method of the shaft seal device for the adjustable extraction steam turbine is characterized by comprising the following steps of: when the unit is started or is lower than a load (about 30 percent), the high-pressure steam source supplies steam to the pressure equalizing box through the high-pressure steam supply regulating valve, and further supplies steam to steam seals at two ends of the steam turbine, and at the moment, the overflow regulating valve is in a closed state; the high-pressure steam source is from main steam when the hot state and the extremely hot state are started, and the high-pressure steam source is from auxiliary steam when the cold state and the warm state are started; when the unit reaches a certain load (about 30 percent) and the leakage of the high-pressure steam seal is larger than or equal to the requirement of the low-pressure steam seal, the overflow regulating valve is opened at the moment, and redundant steam is sent to the condenser through the overflow regulating valve; at this time, the high-pressure steam supply source is closed, and the steam seal system operates as a self-sealing system.
Furthermore, the safety valve is welded on the pressure equalizing box and is used for releasing the overpressure caused by the misoperation of the regulating valve, so that the safe and normal operation of the vapor seal system is ensured; the safety valve is of a 'burst open' type and is a release valve with direct pressure action, and the setting value is 0.28MPa (a); the pressure transmitter is arranged on the pressure equalizing box and used for detecting the actual pressure of steam in the pressure equalizing box and transmitting the actual pressure to the DCS, and the actual pressure is used as the basis for controlling the opening of the valve by the low-pressure steam supply regulating valve, the high-pressure steam supply regulating valve and the overflow regulating valve, so that the pressure of the pressure equalizing box is maintained between 0.107 MPa (a) and 0.13MPa (a) under various working conditions of a unit, and the relative stability of the pressure of the shaft seal system of the high-pressure cylinder and the low-pressure cylinder is ensured.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and effects: the invention has reasonable structure and simple adjustment, and the steam seal system can realize automatic adjustment; the steam seal system can ensure the quality of steam supplied by the steam seal and avoid the damage of the rotor; the source of steam seal steam can be provided under various operation conditions of the steam turbine; the operation stability of the steam sealing system can be ensured under the conditions of different pressures and flow rates of adjustable steam extraction of the steam turbine.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a pressure equalizing tank according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the cross-sectional structure of the A-A plane of FIG. 2.
In the figure: the high-pressure main steam regulating combination valve 1, the adjustable steam extraction regulating valve 2, the low-pressure steam supply electric stop valve 3, the low-pressure steam supply regulating valve 4, the high-pressure steam supply regulating valve 5, the pressure equalizing box 6, the safety valve 7, the pressure transmitter 8, the overflow regulating valve 9, the bimetal ball thermometer 10, the pressure gauge 11, the first electric stop valve 12, the water filter 13, the low-pressure shaft seal attemperator 14, the first steam filter 15, the stop valve 16, the low-pressure shaft seal attemperation water regulating valve 17, the high-pressure steam supply attemperator 18, the pressure equalizing box electric drain regulating valve 19, the shaft seal heater 20, the steam pipeline 21, the fan 22, the needle valve 23, the first steam filter 15, the low-pressure shaft seal attemperation regulating valve 23 the device comprises a drain flash tank 24, a high-pressure steam supply temperature-reducing water regulating valve 25, a balance steam pipeline 26, a thermocouple 27, a first mounting connection pipe 28, a first steel pipe 29, a blocking plate 30, a second steel pipe 31, a third steel pipe 32, a first joint 33, a second mounting connection pipe 34, a second joint 35, a third joint 36, a fourth steel pipe 37, a fifth steel pipe 38, a sixth steel pipe 39, a high-pressure steam supply electric stop valve 40, a high-pressure steam supply temperature-reducing water electric stop valve 41, a low-pressure shaft seal temperature-reducing water electric stop valve 42, a balance pipeline electric drain regulating valve 43, a second electric stop valve 44, a second steam filter 45 and a cylinder 46.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail by way of examples with reference to the accompanying drawings, which are illustrative of the present invention and not limited to the following examples.
Examples
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, an adjustable shaft seal device for a steam extraction turbine comprises a cylinder 46, and further comprises a high-pressure main steam adjusting combination valve 1, an adjustable steam extraction adjusting valve 2, a pressure equalizing box 6, a safety valve 7, a pressure transmitter 8, a bimetal ball thermometer 10, a pressure gauge 11, a first electric stop valve 12, a low-pressure shaft seal attemperator 14, a first steam filter 15, a pressure equalizing box electric water repellent adjusting valve 19, a shaft seal heater 20, a steam pipeline 21, a fan 22, a needle valve 23, a water repellent expansion vessel 24, a balance steam pipeline 26, a thermocouple 27, a first mounting connection pipe 28, a balance pipeline electric water repellent adjusting valve 43, a second electric stop valve 44 and a second steam filter 45; the high-pressure main steam regulating combined valve 1 is connected with two ends of a cylinder 46 through a steam pipeline 21, the adjustable steam extraction regulating valve 2 is arranged above the cylinder, the adjustable steam extraction regulating valve 2 is connected with the steam pipeline 21, and the adjustable steam extraction regulating valve 2 is connected with one end of the cylinder 46 through a balance steam pipeline 26; the pressure equalizing box 6 is respectively connected with the cylinder 46, the adjustable steam extraction regulating valve 2 and the drainage expansion vessel 24, the pressure equalizing box 6 is provided with a safety valve 7, a pressure transmitter 8, a bimetal ball thermometer 10 and a pressure gauge 11, a second steam filter 45 and a second electric stop valve 44 are arranged between the pressure equalizing box 6 and one end of the cylinder 46, a first electric stop valve 12 is arranged between the pressure equalizing box 6 and the adjustable steam extraction regulating valve 2, a low-pressure shaft seal attemperator 14 and a first steam filter 15 are arranged between the pressure equalizing box 6 and the other end of the cylinder 46, a thermocouple 27 is connected on a pipeline between the pressure equalizing box 6 and the other end of the cylinder 46 through a first mounting connecting pipe 28, and a pressure equalizing box electric drainage regulating valve 19 is arranged between the pressure equalizing box 6 and the drainage expansion vessel 24; the shaft seal heater 20 is arranged on the steam pipeline 21, the fan 22 is connected with the shaft seal heater 20, and a needle valve 23 is arranged between the fan 22 and the shaft seal heater 20; the drain flash tank 24 is connected with the balance steam pipeline 26, and a balance pipeline electric drain regulating valve 43 is arranged between the drain flash tank 24 and the balance steam pipeline 26.
In this embodiment, the shaft seal heater 20 is welded to the high-pressure main steam regulating combined valve 1 through a steam pipeline 21, and the pipeline interface of the high-pressure main steam regulating combined valve 1 is a high-pressure main steam valve side valve rod steam leakage and a high-pressure regulating valve side valve rod steam leakage.
In this embodiment, the shaft seal heater 20 is welded to the adjustable steam extraction regulating valve 2 through a steam pipe 21, and the pipe joint of the adjustable steam extraction regulating valve 2 is a two-stage valve rod for steam leakage (low pressure side).
In this embodiment, the shaft seal heater 20 is welded to a high-pressure cylinder steam leakage port (low-pressure side) and the low-pressure cylinder shaft seal steam leakage port through a steam pipeline 21, and a second electric stop valve 44 and a second steam filter 45 are arranged on the pipeline connected with the high-pressure cylinder steam leakage port.
The shaft seal heater 20 in this embodiment is connected with the needle valve 23 and the blower 22 by pipe welding, and the blower 22 is connected to the trench and emptied by pipes.
In this embodiment, the adjustable steam extraction regulating valve 2 is welded to the pressure equalizing tank 6 through a steam pipe, the pipe joint of the adjustable steam extraction regulating valve 2 is a section of valve rod for steam leakage (high pressure side), and the steam pipe is provided with a first electric stop valve 12.
In the embodiment, the pressure equalizing box 6 is also respectively connected with a low-pressure steam supply pipeline, a high-pressure steam supply pipeline and a condenser; the low-pressure steam supply pipeline is provided with a low-pressure steam supply electric stop valve 3 and a low-pressure steam supply regulating valve 4; the pressure equalizing box 6 is connected with the high-pressure steam supply desuperheater 18 through a high-pressure steam supply pipeline, the high-pressure steam supply desuperheater 18 is respectively connected with a high-pressure air source and a first condensate pump, a high-pressure steam supply regulating valve 5 and a high-pressure steam supply electric stop valve 40 are arranged between the high-pressure steam supply desuperheater 18 and the high-pressure air source, a high-pressure steam supply desuperheater 18 and a first condensate pump are provided with a high-pressure steam supply desuperheater regulating valve 25 and a high-pressure steam supply desuperheater electric stop valve 41, and a bypass is arranged between the high-pressure steam supply desuperheater 18 and the first condensate pump; an overflow regulating valve 9 is arranged between the pressure equalizing box 6 and the condenser, and a bypass is arranged between the pressure equalizing box 6 and the condenser.
In this embodiment, the low-pressure shaft seal attemperator 14 is connected with a second condensate pump, a stop valve 16, a water filter 13, a low-pressure shaft seal attemperator water regulating valve 17 and a low-pressure shaft seal attemperator water electric stop valve 42 are arranged between the low-pressure shaft seal attemperator 14 and the second condensate pump, and a bypass is arranged between the low-pressure shaft seal attemperator 14 and the second condensate pump.
In the embodiment, the pressure equalizing box 6 comprises a blocking plate 30, a second steel pipe 31 and a fourth steel pipe 37, wherein the blocking plate 30 is radially arranged at two ends of the second steel pipe 31, the fourth steel pipe 37 is axially arranged at two ends of the second steel pipe 31, and the fourth steel pipe 37 is communicated with the second steel pipe 31; the pipe wall of the steel pipe No. 31 is radially provided with a steel pipe No. 29, a steel pipe No. 32, a joint No. 33, a joint No. 35, a joint No. 36, a steel pipe No. 38 and a steel pipe No. 39, the joint No. 33 is provided with a mounting connection pipe No. 34, and the steel pipe No. 29, the steel pipe No. 32, the joint No. 33, the joint No. 35, the joint No. 36, the steel pipe No. 38 and the steel pipe No. 39 and the mounting connection pipe No. 34 are all communicated with the steel pipe No. 31.
In the embodiment, the pressure equalizing box 6 is formed by welding a first steel pipe 29, a blocking plate 30, a second steel pipe 31, a third steel pipe 32, a first joint 33, a second installation connecting pipe 34, a second joint 35, a third joint 36, a fourth steel pipe 37, a fifth steel pipe 38, a sixth steel pipe 39 and the like, and is sent to the site after the welding in a manufacturing plant is completed, and is connected with the electric dewatering adjusting valve 19 of the pressure equalizing box through pipeline welding; is connected with the overflow regulating valve 9 through pipeline welding; is connected with the high-pressure steam supply desuperheater 18 by pipeline welding; the low-pressure steam supply regulating valve 4 is connected with the low-pressure steam supply regulating valve through pipeline welding; is connected with the low-pressure shaft seal attemperator 14 through pipeline welding; the first electric stop valve 12 is connected with the second section valve rod steam leakage (high pressure side) on the adjustable steam extraction regulating valve 2 through pipeline welding; the high-pressure cylinder shaft seal steam leakage pipeline is welded and connected with the high-pressure cylinder shaft seal steam leakage pipeline; the pressure equalizing box 6 is provided with a safety valve 7, a pressure transmitter 8, a bimetal ball thermometer 10 and a pressure gauge 11 on site.
In the embodiment, the high-pressure main steam regulating combined valve 1 is used for controlling the flow of main steam, so as to regulate the rotating speed and load of the steam turbine; the inlet of the high-pressure main steam regulating combined valve 1 is welded with a main steam pipeline of a boiler or an exhaust-heat boiler, the outlet of the high-pressure main steam regulating combined valve is welded with a main steam guide pipe, and the high-pressure main steam regulating combined valve is regulated and controlled by an oil motor arranged above the valve; the high-pressure main steam regulating combined valve 1 is provided with two sections of shaft seal steam leakage, one section is the steam leakage of a high-pressure main steam valve rod, the other section is the steam leakage of the high-pressure regulating valve rod, and the two sections of shaft seal steam leakage are connected with a shaft seal heater 20 through pipelines.
In the embodiment, the adjustable steam extraction regulating valve 2 is formed by processing a casting, is fixed right above the cylinder 46 through a flange and a connecting bolt, and is provided with different numbers of adjustable steam extraction regulating valves 2 according to different steam extraction flows of a steam turbine; the adjustable steam extraction regulating valve 2 can regulate the flow and pressure of the steam extraction, and the opening of the adjustable steam extraction regulating valve 2 is controlled by an oil motor positioned right above the adjustable steam extraction regulating valve; each adjustable steam extraction regulating valve 2 is provided with two sections of steam leakage, the parameters of the first section of steam leakage are the same as those of steam of the pressure equalizing box 6, and the first section of steam leakage is connected with the pressure equalizing box 6 through a pipeline by welding, so that one section of steam leakage is led to the pressure equalizing box 6; the second section of steam leakage is positioned at the outer end of the adjustable steam extraction regulating valve 2, and the second section of steam leakage is connected with the shaft seal heater 20 through a pipeline to prevent steam from leaking into a factory building.
In the embodiment, one end of the cylinder 46 is connected with a high-pressure cylinder shaft seal steam leakage pipeline, and the other end of the cylinder 46 is connected with a low-pressure cylinder shaft seal steam supply pipeline; the first steam filter 15 and the second steam filter 45 are assembled by a filter screen, a nut, a stud, a flange cover and a filter body, the first steam filter 15 and the second steam filter 45 are respectively arranged on a low-pressure cylinder shaft seal steam supply pipeline and a high-pressure cylinder shaft seal steam leakage pipeline, and play a role in filtering steam to prevent external substances from entering the steam seal to cause damage to a rotor; the Y-shaped branch pipe of the filter is horizontally arranged or arranged at the top of the pipeline, and can be automatically emptied and discharged.
In the embodiment, the water filter 13 is formed by assembling a filter screen, a nut, a stud, a flange cover, a filter body and a sealing gasket, and the water filter 13 is arranged on a desuperheating water pipeline from a second condensate pump and is used for filtering desuperheating water to prevent impurities of the desuperheating water from entering a steam seal to damage a rotor; the Y-shaped branch pipe of the filter is arranged at the bottom of the pipeline, so that the sewage can be discharged automatically.
The working method of the shaft seal device for the adjustable extraction steam turbine is as follows: when the unit is started or is lower than a specified load, the high-pressure steam source supplies steam to the pressure equalizing box 6 through the high-pressure steam supply regulating valve 5, and further supplies steam to steam seals at two ends of the steam turbine, and at the moment, the overflow regulating valve 9 is in a closed state; the high-pressure steam source is from main steam when the hot state and the extremely hot state are started, and the high-pressure steam source is from auxiliary steam when the cold state and the warm state are started; when the unit reaches a specified load, the steam leakage of the high-pressure steam seal is larger than or equal to the required quantity of the low-pressure steam seal, at the moment, the overflow regulating valve 9 is opened, and redundant steam is sent to the condenser through the overflow regulating valve 9; at this time, the high-pressure steam supply source is closed, and the steam seal system operates as a self-sealing system.
In the embodiment, the safety valve 7 is welded on the pressure equalizing box 6 and is used for releasing the overpressure caused by the misoperation of the regulating valve, so that the safe and normal operation of the vapor seal system is ensured; the safety valve 7 is a 'burst open' type release valve with direct pressure action, and the setting value is 0.28MPa (a); the pressure transmitter 8 is arranged on the pressure equalizing box 6 and is used for detecting the actual pressure of steam in the pressure equalizing box 6 and transmitting the actual pressure to the DCS, and the actual pressure is used as the basis for controlling the opening of the valve by the low-pressure steam supply regulating valve 4, the high-pressure steam supply regulating valve 5 and the overflow regulating valve 9, so that the unit is ensured to maintain the pressure of the pressure equalizing box between 0.107 MPa (a) and 0.13MPa (a) under various working conditions, and the relative stability of the pressure of the shaft seal system of the high-pressure cylinder and the low-pressure cylinder is ensured.
Although the present invention is described with reference to the above embodiments, it should be understood that the invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, but is capable of modification and variation without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The shaft seal device for the adjustable steam extraction type steam turbine comprises a cylinder and is characterized by further comprising a high-pressure main steam adjusting combination valve, an adjustable steam extraction adjusting valve, a pressure equalizing box, a safety valve, a pressure transmitter, a bimetal ball thermometer, a pressure gauge, a first electric stop valve, a low-pressure shaft seal attemperator, a first steam filter, a pressure equalizing box electric water drain adjusting valve, a shaft seal heater, a steam pipeline, a fan, a needle valve, a water drain expansion vessel, a balance steam pipeline, a thermocouple, a first installation connecting pipe, a balance pipeline electric water drain adjusting valve, a second electric stop valve and a second steam filter; the high-pressure main steam regulating combined valve is connected with two ends of the cylinder through a steam pipeline, the adjustable steam extraction regulating valve is arranged above the cylinder, the adjustable steam extraction regulating valve is connected with the steam pipeline, and the adjustable steam extraction regulating valve is connected with one end of the cylinder through a balance steam pipeline; the pressure equalizing box is respectively connected with the cylinder, the adjustable steam extraction regulating valve and the drainage flash tank, the pressure equalizing box is provided with a safety valve, a pressure transmitter, a bimetal ball thermometer and a pressure gauge, a second steam filter and a second electric stop valve are arranged between the pressure equalizing box and one end of the cylinder, a first electric stop valve is arranged between the pressure equalizing box and the adjustable steam extraction regulating valve, a low-pressure shaft seal attemperator and a first steam filter are arranged between the pressure equalizing box and the other end of the cylinder, the thermocouple is connected to a pipeline between the pressure equalizing box and the other end of the cylinder through a first mounting connecting pipe, and a pressure equalizing box electric drainage regulating valve is arranged between the pressure equalizing box and the drainage flash tank; the shaft seal heater is arranged on the steam pipeline, the fan is connected with the shaft seal heater, and a needle valve is arranged between the fan and the shaft seal heater; the drainage expansion tank is connected with the balance steam pipeline, and an electric drainage regulating valve of the balance pipeline is arranged between the drainage expansion tank and the balance steam pipeline;
one end of the cylinder is connected with a high-pressure cylinder shaft seal steam leakage pipeline, and the other end of the cylinder is connected with a low-pressure cylinder shaft seal steam supply pipeline;
the pressure equalizing box is also connected with a low-pressure steam supply pipeline, a high-pressure steam supply pipeline and a condenser respectively; the low-pressure steam supply pipeline is provided with a low-pressure steam supply electric stop valve and a low-pressure steam supply regulating valve; the pressure equalizing box is connected with the high-pressure steam supply desuperheater through a high-pressure steam supply pipeline, the high-pressure steam supply desuperheater is respectively connected with a high-pressure air source and a first condensate pump, a high-pressure steam supply regulating valve and a high-pressure steam supply electric stop valve are arranged between the high-pressure steam supply desuperheater and the high-pressure air source, a high-pressure steam supply temperature-reducing water regulating valve and a high-pressure steam supply temperature-reducing water electric stop valve are arranged between the high-pressure steam supply desuperheater and the first condensate pump, and a bypass is arranged between the high-pressure steam supply desuperheater and the first condensate pump; an overflow regulating valve is arranged between the pressure equalizing box and the condenser, and a bypass is arranged between the pressure equalizing box and the condenser.
2. The shaft seal device for the adjustable extraction steam turbine according to claim 1, wherein the low-pressure shaft seal attemperator is connected with a second condensate pump, a stop valve, a water filter, a low-pressure shaft seal attemperator regulating valve and a low-pressure shaft seal attemperator electric stop valve are arranged between the low-pressure shaft seal attemperator and the second condensate pump, and a bypass is arranged between the low-pressure shaft seal attemperator and the second condensate pump.
3. The shaft seal device for the adjustable extraction steam turbine according to claim 1, wherein the pressure equalizing box comprises a blocking plate, a second steel pipe and a fourth steel pipe, the blocking plate is arranged at two ends of the second steel pipe along the radial direction, the fourth steel pipe is arranged at two ends of the second steel pipe along the axial direction, and the fourth steel pipe is communicated with the second steel pipe; the pipe wall of the second steel pipe is radially provided with a first steel pipe, a third steel pipe, a first joint, a second joint, a third joint, a fifth steel pipe and a sixth steel pipe, the first joint is provided with a second installation connecting pipe, and the first steel pipe, the third steel pipe, the first joint, the second joint, the third joint, the fifth steel pipe, the sixth steel pipe and the second installation connecting pipe are all communicated with the second steel pipe.
4. The shaft seal device for adjustable extraction steam turbine according to claim 1, wherein the high-pressure main steam regulating joint valve is used for controlling the flow rate of main steam, thereby regulating the rotation speed and load of the steam turbine; the inlet of the high-pressure main steam regulating combined valve is welded with a main steam pipeline of the boiler or the waste heat boiler, the outlet of the high-pressure main steam regulating combined valve is welded with a main steam guide pipe, and the high-pressure main steam regulating combined valve is regulated and controlled through an oil motor arranged above the valve; the high-pressure main steam regulating combined valve is provided with two sections of shaft seal steam leakage, one section is the steam leakage of the high-pressure main steam valve rod, the other section is the steam leakage of the high-pressure regulating valve rod, and the two sections of shaft seal steam leakage are connected with the shaft seal heater through pipelines.
5. The shaft seal device for adjustable extraction steam turbine according to claim 1, wherein the adjustable extraction steam regulating valve is formed by casting, is fixed right above the cylinder through a flange and a connecting bolt, and is provided with different numbers of adjustable extraction steam regulating valves according to different extraction steam flow rates of the steam turbine; the adjustable steam extraction regulating valve can regulate the flow and pressure of the steam extraction, and the opening of the adjustable steam extraction regulating valve is controlled by the oil motor positioned right above the adjustable steam extraction regulating valve; each adjustable steam extraction regulating valve is provided with two sections of steam leakage, the parameters of the first section of steam leakage are the same as those of steam of the pressure equalizing box, and the first section of steam leakage is connected with the pressure equalizing box through a pipeline by welding to lead the first section of steam leakage to the pressure equalizing box; the second section steam leakage is positioned at the outer end of the adjustable steam extraction regulating valve, and the second section steam leakage is connected with the shaft seal heater through a pipeline to prevent steam from leaking into a factory building.
6. The shaft seal device for the adjustable extraction steam turbine according to claim 1, wherein the first steam filter and the second steam filter are assembled by a filter screen, a nut, a stud, a flange cover and a filter body, and the first steam filter and the second steam filter are respectively arranged on a low-pressure cylinder shaft seal steam supply pipeline and a high-pressure cylinder shaft seal steam leakage pipeline, play a role in filtering steam, and prevent external substances from entering the steam seal to cause damage to a rotor; the Y-shaped branch pipe of the filter is horizontally arranged or arranged at the top of the pipeline, and can be automatically emptied and discharged.
7. The shaft seal device for the adjustable extraction turbine according to claim 2, wherein the water filter is assembled by a filter screen, a nut, a stud, a flange cover, a filter body and a sealing gasket, and is arranged on a desuperheating water pipeline from a second condensate pump and used for filtering desuperheating water, so that impurities of the desuperheating water are prevented from entering a steam seal to damage a rotor; the Y-shaped branch pipe of the filter is arranged at the bottom of the pipeline, so that the sewage can be discharged automatically.
8. A method of operating the shaft seal apparatus for an adjustable extraction turbine according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the method of operation is as follows: when the unit is started or is lower than a specified load, the high-pressure steam source supplies steam to the pressure equalizing box through the high-pressure steam supply regulating valve, and further supplies steam to steam seals at two ends of the steam turbine, and at the moment, the overflow regulating valve is in a closed state; the high-pressure steam source is from main steam when the hot state and the extremely hot state are started, and the high-pressure steam source is from auxiliary steam when the cold state and the warm state are started; when the unit reaches a specified load, the steam leakage of the high-pressure steam seal is larger than or equal to the required quantity of the low-pressure steam seal, at the moment, the overflow regulating valve is opened, and redundant steam is sent to the condenser through the overflow regulating valve; at this time, the high-pressure steam supply source is closed, and the steam seal system operates as a self-sealing system.
9. The working method of the shaft seal device for the adjustable extraction steam turbine according to claim 8, wherein the safety valve is welded on the pressure equalizing box and used for releasing the overpressure caused by the misoperation of the regulating valve and ensuring the safe and normal operation of the steam seal system; the safety valve is of a 'burst open' type and is a release valve with direct pressure action, and the setting value is 0.28MPa (a); the pressure transmitter is arranged on the pressure equalizing box and used for detecting the actual pressure of steam in the pressure equalizing box and transmitting the actual pressure to the DCS, and the actual pressure is used as the basis for controlling the opening of the valve by the low-pressure steam supply regulating valve, the high-pressure steam supply regulating valve and the overflow regulating valve, so that the pressure of the pressure equalizing box is maintained between 0.107 MPa (a) and 0.13MPa (a) under various working conditions of a unit, and the relative stability of the pressure of the shaft seal system of the high-pressure cylinder and the low-pressure cylinder is ensured.
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| CN110159360B (en) * | 2019-06-11 | 2023-12-26 | 中国电力工程顾问集团西北电力设计院有限公司 | Shaft seal steam supply system and method for gas-steam combined cycle power plant |
| CN110425011B (en) * | 2019-07-30 | 2022-03-08 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | Optimal control method for shaft seal and door rod steam leakage system of power station steam turbine unit |
| CN113756881A (en) * | 2020-06-05 | 2021-12-07 | 上海梅山钢铁股份有限公司 | Automatic adjusting system for shaft seal of steam turbine |
| CN111927566A (en) * | 2020-07-03 | 2020-11-13 | 东方电气集团东方汽轮机有限公司 | Shaft seal system for large back pressure steam turbine |
| CN114251135B (en) * | 2020-09-23 | 2024-03-19 | 上海电气电站设备有限公司 | Low-flow low-load operation method of steam seal system of steam supplementing turbine unit |
| CN113404556B (en) * | 2021-06-18 | 2023-02-03 | 东方电气集团东方汽轮机有限公司 | Steam turbine low pressure bearing seal cooling system |
| CN114382556B (en) * | 2021-12-28 | 2023-08-18 | 东方电气集团东方汽轮机有限公司 | Steam supply structure of steam turbine shaft seal system and adjusting method |
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