CN108998812B - Method for treating asphalt tar generated in production process of prebaked anode for electrolytic aluminum - Google Patents
Method for treating asphalt tar generated in production process of prebaked anode for electrolytic aluminum Download PDFInfo
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- CN108998812B CN108998812B CN201811150554.4A CN201811150554A CN108998812B CN 108998812 B CN108998812 B CN 108998812B CN 201811150554 A CN201811150554 A CN 201811150554A CN 108998812 B CN108998812 B CN 108998812B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C3/00—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts
- C25C3/06—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts of aluminium
- C25C3/08—Cell construction, e.g. bottoms, walls, cathodes
- C25C3/12—Anodes
- C25C3/125—Anodes based on carbon
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for treating asphalt tar produced in the production process of a prebaked anode for electrolytic aluminum, belonging to the field of metallurgy. The invention provides a method for treating asphalt tar generated in the production process of prebaked anodes for electrolytic aluminum, aiming at the problems of difficult asphalt tar treatment and high treatment cost in the prior art, comprising the following steps: mixing the asphalt residue and the filler fine powder uniformly, and molding to obtain a green body; and (3) loading the green body in the filler on the top layer of the roasting furnace to serve as the top layer covering material for roasting the prebaked anode, and roasting the green body and the prebaked anode together to obtain the carbon block which can serve as the raw material for producing the prebaked anode. The method of the invention changes the asphalt tar into useful raw materials in production without adding equipment, volatile components in the roasting process are used as the roasting fuel of the prebaked anode, and the final product is used as the production raw material of the prebaked anode, thereby realizing the recycling of the asphalt tar generated in the production process of the prebaked anode for electrolytic aluminum.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of metallurgy, and relates to a method for treating asphalt tar produced in the production process of a prebaked anode for electrolytic aluminum.
Background
In the process of molding and roasting the prebaked anode of the electrolytic aluminum, a large amount of asphalt tar and residues are generated in the production process, the main components of the asphalt tar contain a large amount of toxic substances such as benzene, toluene, xylene and the like, and the asphalt tar contains water and more impurities such as asphalt residues, carbon powder and the like, so that the asphalt tar cannot be directly returned to the process for recycling. With the stricter of the national environmental protection policy, the asphalt tar generated in the process of forming and roasting the prebaked anode of the electrolytic aluminum needs to be treated in a harmless way, needs to be sent to manufacturers with corresponding treatment quality for recycling, and needs to bear higher treatment cost, so that the production cost of the enterprises is increased, and under the condition that the environmental protection management is stricter and more standard, the purchasing enthusiasm of the manufacturers with the treatment quality is low, and the asphalt tar and the residue are difficult to treat.
At present, there are two main types of asphalt tar produced by the molding and roasting processes of the prebaked anode in China, one type is delivered to manufacturers with corresponding treatment qualification for treatment, and in this way, enterprises need to bear higher treatment cost, and the production cost of the enterprises is increased; the other is to carry out combustion treatment to the asphalt tar, and this kind of mode needs to purchase special asphalt tar combustion equipment, and equipment cost is higher to because contain a certain amount of solid pitch residue in the asphalt tar, easily cause the jam such as filter screen, nozzle in the asphalt tar combustion process, influence the normal burning of asphalt tar, and combustion equipment easily produces the leakage, falls to leak, causes great degree of difficulty to production site management.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a method for treating asphalt tar generated in the production process of a prebaked anode for electrolytic aluminum, which is simple to operate, safe, pollution-free and low in cost.
The scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is to provide a method for treating asphalt tar produced in the production process of a prebaked anode for electrolytic aluminum, which comprises the following steps:
A. mixing the asphalt residue and the filler fine powder uniformly, and forming to obtain a green body;
B. and C, loading the green body obtained in the step A into a filler on the top layer of the roasting furnace to serve as a top covering material for roasting the prebaked anode, roasting the green body and the prebaked anode together, and obtaining the carbon block which can serve as a raw material for producing the prebaked anode after roasting.
In the method for treating asphalt tar generated in the production process of the prebaked anode for electrolytic aluminum, in the step A, the asphalt residue is at least one of liquid asphalt tar or solid-liquid mixed asphalt residue.
In the method for treating the asphalt tar generated in the production process of the prebaked anode for electrolytic aluminum, at least one of dust collecting powder and waste paste is added during mixing in the step A; the mass ratio of the filler fine powder to the dust collecting powder to the waste paste is 5: 0-2: 0 to 1.
In the method for treating asphalt tar generated in the production process of the prebaked anode for electrolytic aluminum, in the step A, the ratio of the mass of the asphalt residue to the total mass of the filler fine powder, the dust collecting powder and the waste paste is 1: 2 to 3.
In the method for treating the asphalt tar produced in the production process of the prebaked anode for electrolytic aluminum, in the step A, the external dimension of the green body is (35-60) × (20-40) × (20-35), which represents the length, the width and the height.
In the method for treating asphalt tar produced in the production process of the prebaked anode for electrolytic aluminum, in the step B, the thickness of the top-layer filler of the baking furnace is not less than 550 mm.
Preferably, in the method for treating asphalt tar produced in the production process of the prebaked anode for electrolytic aluminum, in the step B, the thickness of the filler on the top layer of the baking furnace is 550 to 600 mm.
In the method for treating the asphalt tar generated in the production process of the prebaked anode for electrolytic aluminum, in the step B, the baking conditions are as follows: the roasting flame period is 28-32 hours, the highest roasting temperature is 1150-1200 ℃, and the total roasting period is 168-192 hours.
Preferably, in the method for treating pitch tar generated in the production process of prebaked anode for electrolytic aluminum, in step B, the baking conditions are as follows: the firing flame period was 32 hours, the maximum firing temperature was 1180 ℃ and the firing period was 192 hours.
More preferably, in the method for treating pitch tar generated in the production process of prebaked anodes for electrolytic aluminum, in step B, the temperature is raised according to the following baking curve: raising the temperature from room temperature to 570 ℃ for 0-32 h; then heating the mixture from 570 ℃ to 870 ℃ for 32-96 h; then increasing the temperature from 870 ℃ to 1100 ℃ within 96-128 h; then rising the temperature from 1100 ℃ to 1180 ℃ for 128-160 h; and finally, keeping the temperature at 1180 ℃ for 160-192 h.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the method of the invention fully utilizes the byproducts such as asphalt tar, dust collecting powder, filler fine powder, waste paste and the like generated in the production process of the prebaked anode, and the byproducts are locally obtained and recycled, thus changing waste into valuable, and the asphalt tar and residues are baked to become useful raw materials in production without adding equipment; the method has the advantages of simple operation, convenience, economy, safety, reliability and no secondary pollution, and thoroughly solves the problem of environmental pollution.
Detailed Description
Specifically, the method for treating the asphalt tar generated in the production process of the prebaked anode for electrolytic aluminum comprises the following steps: A. mixing the asphalt residue and the filler fine powder uniformly, and molding to obtain a green body; B. and C, loading the green body obtained in the step A into a filler on the top layer of the roasting furnace to serve as a top covering material for roasting the prebaked anode, roasting the green body and the prebaked anode together, and obtaining the carbon block which can serve as a raw material for producing the prebaked anode after roasting.
In the procedure of molding and baking prebaked anode of electrolytic aluminium, a large amount of asphalt tar is produced in the production process, and the asphalt tar is mainly in a liquid state or a solid-liquid mixed state. The inventor tests show that the liquid or solid-liquid mixed asphalt tar has certain cohesiveness, can fully utilize the asphalt tar as a binder to be fully stirred and mixed with filler fine powder, dust collecting powder and waste paste produced in the production process of the baked anode, and can be poured into a mold to be made into a green body, and then the green body is roasted by a roasting furnace to obtain the carbon block which can be used as a production raw material of the prebaked anode.
In addition, byproducts such as filler fine powder, dust collection powder, waste paste and the like are generated in the production process of the prebaked anode, and the byproducts cannot be returned to the process for use and can only be used as waste materials for selling treatment, so that a large amount of resources are wasted.
The invention takes the filler fine powder generated in the production process of the prebaked anode as the aggregate of green body molding, and asphalt tar penetrates into the gaps of the filler fine powder in the molding process, thereby improving the adhesion and compactness of the material; and in the green body forming process, at least one of dust collecting powder or waste paste is added, and the mass ratio of the fine powder of the filler, the dust collecting powder and the waste paste is controlled to be 5: 0-2: 0-1, wherein the ratio of the mass of the asphalt residue to the total mass of the filler fine powder, the dust collecting powder and the waste paste is 1: 2 ~ 3, make the material mix more evenly, different granules reach reasonable the piling up, improve closely knit degree to be favorable to follow-up material calcination.
Because the green body is required to be filled into the top-layer filler of the roasting furnace, the external dimension of the green body is controlled to be (35-60) × (20-40) × (20-35), which represents length, width and height, so that the green body is matched with the top-layer filler and normal production is not influenced.
In the roasting and charging process of the prebaked anode, after the prebaked anode at the top layer is charged, a layer of filler with the thickness of about 100-150 mm can be paved, then the green body manufactured by the method is charged, the space between the green bodies is not less than 200mm, then the filler at the top layer is fully paved, and the thickness of the filler at the top layer of the roasting furnace is controlled to be not less than 550; preferably 550-600 mm. In step B of the method, the roasting operation comprises the following steps: the roasting flame period is 28-32 hours, the highest roasting temperature is 1150-1200 ℃, and the total roasting period is 168-192 hours; specifically, the temperature is raised according to the following firing curve: raising the temperature from room temperature to 570-650 ℃ for 0-32 h; then (28-32 h) - (84-96 h) heating from 570-650 ℃ to 870-940 ℃; then (84-96 h) - (112-128 h) from 870 ℃ to 1100 ℃ to 1150 ℃; then (112-128 h) - (140-160 h) from 1100-; finally (140-160 h) - (168-192 h) heat preservation is carried out at 1150-1200 ℃. Preferably, the roasting operation is as follows: the roasting flame period is 32 hours, the highest roasting temperature is 1180 ℃, and the roasting period is 192 hours; specifically, the temperature is raised according to the following firing curve: raising the temperature from room temperature to 570 ℃ for 0-32 h; then heating the mixture from 570 ℃ to 870 ℃ for 32-96 h; then increasing the temperature from 870 ℃ to 1100 ℃ within 96-128 h; then rising the temperature from 1100 ℃ to 1180 ℃ for 128-160 h; and finally, keeping the temperature at 1180 ℃ for 160-192 h.
The roasting curve of the invention is consistent with the normal production roasting curve, and when the cyclic comprehensive utilization of asphalt tar, filler fine powder, dust collecting powder, waste paste and the like is realized, the volatile matter enters the flame path for sufficient combustion in the green body roasting process, and is regulated by the combustion control system, so that the consumption of partial natural gas can be saved, and the quality of the prebaked anode cannot be influenced.
The method comprises the steps of mixing asphalt tar with dust collecting powder, filler fine powder, waste paste and the like to form a molded green body, enabling volatile components in the asphalt tar to enter a fire channel of a roasting furnace for full combustion in the roasting process in the roasting furnace at 200-550 ℃, fully utilizing heat generated by combustion of the volatile components of the asphalt tar as part of energy sources in the roasting process to provide heat for roasting of a pre-roasting anode, gradually coking and carbonizing the asphalt tar and residues to 700-750 ℃ along with the increase of the temperature in the furnace, discharging by adopting conventional means in the field (such as multifunctional crown block material suction and the like), taking out a carbon block obtained by roasting the green body, crushing according to needs, and using the carbon block as a production raw material of the pre-roasting anode, wherein smoke generated by combustion in the whole roasting process is subjected to roasting smoke purification treatment, no toxic and harmful substances are discharged, and the emission reaches the.
The present invention is further illustrated by the following examples, which are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Example 1
Mixing liquid asphalt tar, solid-liquid mixed asphalt tar, dust collecting powder, filler fine powder and waste paste, stirring uniformly to obtain paste, pouring the paste into a 35X 20X 25cm mold, and tamping and molding to obtain a green body; wherein the mass ratio of the filler fine powder to the dust collecting powder to the waste paste is 1: 1: 1, the ratio of the total mass of the liquid asphalt tar and the solid-liquid mixed asphalt tar to the total mass of the dust collecting powder, the filler fine powder and the waste paste is 1: 2;
charging the green body, charging the green body into a filler on the top layer of a roasting furnace, after the green body is charged into a prebaked anode on the top layer, firstly laying a layer of filler about 100mm, then charging the green body, controlling the space between the green bodies to be 200mm, then fully laying the filler on the top layer, controlling the thickness of the filler on the top layer of the roasting furnace to be 600mm, and roasting the green body as a covering material on the top layer roasted by the prebaked anode; the roasting conditions are as follows: the roasting flame period is 32 hours, the highest roasting temperature is 1180 ℃, and the total roasting period is 192 hours; heating is carried out according to the following burning accompanying curve: raising the temperature from room temperature to 570 ℃ for 0-32 h; then heating the mixture from 570 ℃ to 870 ℃ for 32-96 h; then increasing the temperature from 870 ℃ to 1100 ℃ within 96-128 h; then rising the temperature from 1100 ℃ to 1180 ℃ for 128-160 h; finally, the temperature is kept at 1180 ℃ for 160-192 h, the temperature is kept at 200-550 ℃, volatile components in the asphalt tar enter a flame path of the roasting furnace to be fully combusted in the roasting process, heat generated by combustion of the volatile components in the asphalt tar is fully utilized as part of energy source in the roasting process, heat is provided for roasting of the prebaked anode, and meanwhile, the heat is increased along with the temperature in the furnace; gradually coking and carbonizing the asphalt tar and the residues at 700-750 ℃;
after roasting is finished, sucking materials by a multifunctional crown block, taking out a roasted product of the green body after the materials are sucked, and crushing the product to be used as a production raw material of a prebaked anode; the flue gas generated by combustion in the whole firing process is subjected to roasting flue gas purification treatment, no toxic and harmful substances are discharged, and the emission reaches the standard.
Claims (10)
1. The method for treating the asphalt tar generated in the production process of the prebaked anode for electrolytic aluminum is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method comprises the following steps:
A. mixing the asphalt residue and the filler fine powder uniformly, and molding to obtain a green body;
B. and C, loading the green body obtained in the step A into a filler on the top layer of the roasting furnace to serve as a top covering material for roasting the prebaked anode, roasting the green body and the prebaked anode together, and obtaining the carbon block which can serve as a raw material for producing the prebaked anode after roasting.
2. The method of claim 1 for treating pitch tar produced during the production of prebaked anodes for electrolytic aluminum, comprising: in the step A, the asphalt residue is at least one of liquid asphalt tar or solid-liquid mixed asphalt residue.
3. The method of claim 1 for treating pitch tar produced during the production of prebaked anodes for electrolytic aluminum, comprising: in the step A, at least one of dust collecting powder or waste paste is added during mixing; the mass ratio of the filler fine powder to the dust collecting powder to the waste paste is 5: 0-2: 0 to 1.
4. The method of claim 3 for treating pitch tar produced during the production of prebaked anodes for electrolytic aluminum, characterized in that: in the step A, the ratio of the mass of the asphalt residue to the total mass of the filler fine powder, the dust collecting powder and the waste paste is 1: 2 to 3.
5. The method of claim 1 for treating pitch tar produced during the production of prebaked anodes for electrolytic aluminum, comprising: in the step A, the external dimension of the green body is (35-60) × (20-40) × (20-35) cm.
6. The method of claim 1 for treating pitch tar produced during the production of prebaked anodes for electrolytic aluminum, comprising: in the step B, the thickness of the top layer filler of the roasting furnace is not less than 550 mm.
7. The method of claim 6 for treating pitch tar produced during the production of prebaked anodes for electrolytic aluminum, comprising: in the step B, the thickness of the top layer filler of the roasting furnace is 550-600 mm.
8. The method of claim 1 for treating pitch tar produced during the production of prebaked anodes for electrolytic aluminum, comprising: in the step B, the roasting conditions are as follows: the roasting flame period is 28-32 hours, the highest roasting temperature is 1150-1200 ℃, and the total roasting period is 168-192 hours.
9. The method of claim 8 for treating pitch tar produced during the production of prebaked anodes for electrolytic aluminum, comprising: in the step B, the roasting conditions are as follows: the firing flame period was 32 hours, the maximum firing temperature was 1180 ℃ and the firing period was 192 hours.
10. The method of claim 9 for treating pitch tar produced during the production of prebaked anodes for electrolytic aluminum, comprising: in the step B, the temperature is raised according to the following roasting curve: raising the temperature from room temperature to 570 ℃ for 0-32 h; then heating the mixture from 570 ℃ to 870 ℃ for 32-96 h; then increasing the temperature from 870 ℃ to 1100 ℃ within 96-128 h; then rising the temperature from 1100 ℃ to 1180 ℃ for 128-160 h; and finally, keeping the temperature at 1180 ℃ for 160-192 h.
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| CN109809386A (en) * | 2019-04-02 | 2019-05-28 | 四川启明星铝业有限责任公司 | The method that ring-form calcining furnace is used for lithium cell cathode material carbonation process |
| CN113716968A (en) * | 2020-05-26 | 2021-11-30 | 上海领津环境技术有限公司 | Roasting filler prepared by recycling carbon product production waste and method |
| CN111661832A (en) * | 2020-06-17 | 2020-09-15 | 四川启明星铝业有限责任公司 | Carbonization treatment method of lithium ion battery carbon negative electrode material |
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| AU427351B1 (en) * | 1966-05-23 | 1972-08-23 | Comalco Aluminium Chell Bay) Limited And Universityof Tasmania | Anodes forthe electrolytic production of aluminium and aluminium alloys |
| US7141149B2 (en) * | 2004-06-22 | 2006-11-28 | Cii Carbon Llc | Electrodes useful for molten salt electrolysis of aluminum oxide to aluminum |
| CN1293233C (en) * | 2004-09-30 | 2007-01-03 | 平果县强强碳素制品有限责任公司 | Asphalt smoke treatment for producing prebaking anode |
| RU2542180C1 (en) * | 2013-11-18 | 2015-02-20 | Федеральное Государственное Автономное Образовательное Учреждение Высшего Профессионального Образования "Сибирский Федеральный Университет" | Device withdrawing gas from bottom of self-baking anode |
| US20170121834A1 (en) * | 2015-11-03 | 2017-05-04 | Intevep, S.A. | Process for the production of petroleum tar pitch for use as a binder in the production of electrodes |
| CN108070398A (en) * | 2016-11-07 | 2018-05-25 | 简阳市龙兴炭素有限公司 | Carbon roasting furnace asphalt smoke gas purifying recoverying and utilizing method |
| CN206173458U (en) * | 2017-02-09 | 2017-05-17 | 济南万瑞炭素有限责任公司 | Use industry prebaked anode production system as raw materials useless admittedly |
| CN107519751A (en) * | 2017-09-30 | 2017-12-29 | 中国科学院过程工程研究所 | The processing unit and method and purposes of a kind of electrolytic aluminium carbon anode roasting flue gas |
| CN107653462B (en) * | 2017-10-27 | 2023-06-13 | 贵阳铝镁设计研究院有限公司 | Asphalt smoke gas collection treatment method and device in roasting process of aluminum electrolysis cell |
| CN108543386A (en) * | 2018-06-26 | 2018-09-18 | 贵阳铝镁设计研究院有限公司 | A method of for purifying baking carbon product flue gas |
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