CN108998735A - A kind of high strength easy through hardening type motor vehicle wheels steel and its manufacturing method - Google Patents

A kind of high strength easy through hardening type motor vehicle wheels steel and its manufacturing method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108998735A
CN108998735A CN201811016572.3A CN201811016572A CN108998735A CN 108998735 A CN108998735 A CN 108998735A CN 201811016572 A CN201811016572 A CN 201811016572A CN 108998735 A CN108998735 A CN 108998735A
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steel
motor vehicle
vehicle wheels
type motor
high strength
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CN108998735B (en
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王飞
孙晓林
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Tianjin Gang Yanhai Moral Science And Technology Ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/005—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment of ferrous alloys
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B9/00—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals
    • C22B9/16—Remelting metals
    • C22B9/18—Electroslag remelting
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/42—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with copper
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/46—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with vanadium

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of high strength easy through hardening type motor vehicle wheels steel and its manufacturing methods, pass through electric furnace smelting, the refining of LF furnace; VD degassing reduces the amount of inclusions, argon for protecting pouring, and atmosphere protected electro-slag re-melting controls field trash shape; High temperature diffusion, six sides forging are annealed to improve wheel Steel Properties.It can get pure, the steel matrix of even tissue using technical solution of the present invention, the harden ability of motor vehicle wheels steel improved by the reasonable control of boron content.In the case of its tensile strength meets 880-980MPa, yield strength reaches 550-700Mpa, and elongation at break reaches 16%-21%, and 20 DEG C of room temperature, KU average impact value is 19-23J, and KV-20 DEG C of low temperature, average impact value is 12-15J；High cycle fatigue 10 is measured by EN1002-1 method6Not disconnected rate reaches 99.7%.When host element ingredient is close, through hardening performance promotes 13% or more compared with conventional vehicle wheel steel.

Description

A kind of high strength easy through hardening type motor vehicle wheels steel and its manufacturing method
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of rings domain used for high-speed railway, especially a kind of high strength easy through hardening type motor vehicle wheels steel and its Manufacturing method
Background technique
The existing motor-car speed of service is gradually increased, and proposes requirements at the higher level to the performance of train, key zero as train Part, wheel during train operation, play carrying, transmitting power and braking the effects of.Abrasion, fatigue and the machinery of wheel Damage, directly affects its service life and traffic safety.After result of study shows that the speed of service is more than 120km/h, train it is dynamic Significant changes occur for mechanical condition, and significant changes also occur for the use condition of wheel.With the raising of train running speed, wheel Abrasion aggravation between rail, and in high-speed wheel braking process, a large amount of frictional heat is generated, the tired of wheel is exacerbated The Problem of Failure of the initiations such as labor, removing needs wheel to carry weight with high intensity the bullet train of 300km/h or more Amount, high tenacity guarantee wheel reliability of operation, is prolonged the service life with high hardness and wearability.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of high strength easy through hardening type motor vehicle wheels steel and its manufacturing methods, on solving State the problem of proposing in background technique.
To achieve the above object, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a kind of high strength easy through hardening type motor vehicle wheels steel and Its manufacturing method, weight percent meter chemical composition content: C0.46-0.56%, Si0.12-0.38%, Mn0.3-0.7%, Cr0.12-0.3%, Mo < 0.06%, V < 0.05%, Cu < 0.08%, Ni < 0.1%, P < 0.0150%, S < 0.0010%, 0 < 0.0010%, N < 0.0080%, B0.002%-0.005%, 13.8≤5.4+17*C+2.4*Si+7.3* Mn+5.6*Cr+41*Mo+37*V+11*Ni≤22.7, surplus are Fe and impurity.
Its weight percent meter chemical composition content: C0.52%, Si0.18%, Mn0.6%, Cr0.18%, Mo0.05%, Ni 0.05%, P0.012%, S0.0008%, 00.0006%, N0.0065%, surplus are Fe and impurity.
Its weight percent meter chemical composition content: C0.48%, Si0.28%, Mn0.7%, Cr0.15%, Mo0.05%, Ni 0.08%, P0.013%, S0.0007%, 00.0005%, N0.0060%, surplus are Fe and impurity.
Its weight percent meter chemical composition content: C0.54%, Si0.22%, Mn0.5%, Cr0.20%, Mo0.06%, Ni 0.07%, P0.013%, S0.0007%, 00.0009%, N0.0061%, surplus are Fe and impurity.
Preferably, 0.002%-0.005% boron can be added in steel grade.
Steel grade oxide, which is mingled with, influences whether steel matrix continuity with sulfide, endangers the toughness of steel, so its oxygen sulphur contains Amount is respectively less than 0.001%.
N can form nitride with steel grade alloy, block the continuity of matrix, easily become formation of crack, so its steel grade nitrogen Content is less than 0.0080%.
In the case of its tensile strength meets 880-980MPa, yield strength reaches 550-700Mpa, and elongation at break reaches 16%-21%, 20 DEG C of room temperature, KU average impact value is 19-23J, and KV-20 DEG C of low temperature, average impact value is 12-15J.
High cycle fatigue 10 is measured by EN1002-1 method6Not disconnected rate reaches 99.7%.
Including following procedure and step:
1) electric furnace and the refining of LF furnace: according to above-mentioned weight percent meter chemical composition content: C0.46-0.56%, Si0.12-0.38%, Mn0.3-0.7%, Cr0.12-0.3%, Mo < 0.06%, V < 0.05%, Cu < 0.08%, Ni < 0.1%, P < 0.0150%, S < 0.0010%, O < 0.0010%, N < 0.0080%, B0.002%-0.005%, surplus are Fe and impurity carry out ingredient, by electric furnace control tapping P < 0.015%, then adjust alloying component by LF refining and take off Sulphur controls S < 0.003%；
2) VD deaerates and adds B: controlling oxygen content in steel less than 0.0012% by VD furnace, nitrogen is less than 0.0070%；Control Steel grade B content is in 0.002%-0.005%；
3) it argon for protecting pouring: is poured under protection of argon gas；
4) atmosphere protected electro-slag re-melting: oxygen content in steel can be controlled below 0.0020% by vacuum refining；It is logical Overprotection atmosphere electroslag remelting, oxygen content in steel is reduced to 0.001% or less and controls oxide inclusion quantity, and oxide presss from both sides Miscellaneous size is smaller；And sulfur content controls below 0.001%；
5) High temperature diffusion: steel ingot is subjected to High temperature diffusion, soaking time at 1050-1230 DEG C are as follows: 8-14 hours；
6) six sides forging: 6 face forgings are carried out to steel ingot, 1080-1220 DEG C keeps the temperature 5 hours, and 1000-1200 DEG C is opened forging, eventually It forges temperature and is greater than 820 DEG C；Improve structural homogenity by six sides forging；
7) anneal: 200-600 DEG C of shove charge, heating speed spend 600 DEG C -625 DEG C of heat preservations 8-15 hours, with small less than 80 DEG C/h In 40 DEG C of cooling rate slow cooling to 300 DEG C, come out of the stove air-cooled.
Compared with prior art, it the beneficial effects of the present invention are: the present invention carries out base material casting under protection of argon gas, prevents The oxygen and nitrogen in atmosphere are dissolved in steel.
Remelting is carried out to base material using inert atmosphere or vacuum protection electroslag remelting process, first with esr process Large-sized inclusions in middle slag gold interfacial reaction Adsorption steel matrix；Secondly, passing through slag blanket in molten steel falls into crystallizer, weight During new solidification, using inductance suppression technology, molten steel turbulence disturbance is reduced, oxide is mingled with holding in stable molten steel Floating straight up effectively inhibits the reunion or building-up effect of field trash.Pass through protective atmosphere remelting, oxygen content in steel drop Oxide inclusion quantity is controlled as low as 0.001% or less, and to be mingled with size smaller for oxide.And sulfur content also controls 0.001% hereinafter, essentially eliminate harm of the element sulphur to steel matrix.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is experimental chemistry ingredient schematic table of the invention；
Fig. 2 is experimental result items mechanical property schematic table of the invention；
Fig. 3 is experimental result harden ability table of the invention；
Wherein: chemical component unit are as follows: %
Specific embodiment
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete Site preparation description, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on Embodiment in the present invention, it is obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts every other Embodiment shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The present invention provides a kind of technical solution: the content of steel grade alloy is determined according to each alloys producing:
Carbon: carbon is intensity, hardness and the most important element of wearability for improving steel, while wheel steel will meet intensity The toughness improved as far as possible on the basis of demand improves resistance to crack extension ability and contact fatigue property.Carbon content is excessively high to be made It is excessively high at intensity index and toughness and contact fatigue property are lower, therefore carbon content control are as follows: 0.46%-0.56%
Silicon: silicon is added in steel other than playing deoxidation, silicon plays solution strengthening effect also into matrix, improves the strong of steel Degree and wearability.Also make to be not susceptible to austenite phase transformation, martensite transfor mation when wheel steel is heated, cooling simultaneously, helps to improve The heat resistanceheat resistant damage performance of steel, but excessively high silicon will increase the heat sensitivity and brittleness of material.Therefore silicone content is controlled into 0.12- 0.38%.
Manganese: having stronger solid solution strengthening effect, can reduce the phase transition temperature of steel, improve the harden ability of steel, and can be with Carbon combines and forms carbide, to improve the wearability of steel.Manganese content is controlled in 0.3-0.7%.
Chromium: the harden ability of steel can be improved in medium carbide former.Chromium can homogenize point of carbide in steel simultaneously Cloth improves piece interlamellar spacing, and so as to improve the fracture toughness of wheel steel, chromium can dissolve in ferrite the effect for generating solution strengthening, Ferritic intensity is carried, the germinating and propagation of fatigue crack are slowed down.There are a large amount of martensites compared with Gao Shiyi in chromium content, therefore, Cr is controlled in 0.12-0.30%.
Molybdenum: molybdenum, which has, improves harden ability, and content height can reduce the toughness of steel, control less than 0.06%.
Boron: by the way that in crystal boundary segregation, filling defect reduces crystal boundary energy position to improve the harden ability of steel, slows down wheel tread Lower hardness decreasing trend, from the wearability for improving wheel；Appropriate " B phase " can also improve the toughness of steel, but boron mass fraction in steel More than certain value, netted " B phase " will form, so that the toughness to steel is unfavorable.Therefore, the mass fraction control of boron is existed 0.002%-0.005%.
Sulphur, phosphorus, nitrogen, oxygen: harmful element, unfavorable to the toughness of steel, the control of this product phosphorus content is 0.015% hereinafter, sulphur 0.0010% hereinafter, nitrogen 0.0080% hereinafter, 0.0010% or less oxygen.
1) electric furnace and the refining of LF furnace: according to above-mentioned weight percent meter chemical composition content: C0.46-0.56%, Si0.12-0.38%, Mn0.3-0.7%, Cr0.12-0.3%, Mo < 0.06%, V < 0.05%, Cu < 0.08%, Ni < 0.1%, remaining carries out ingredient for Fe, by electric furnace control tapping P < 0.015%, then adjusts alloying component by LF refining And desulfurization, control S < 0.003%；
2) VD deaerates and adds B: controlling oxygen content in steel less than 0.0020% by VD furnace, nitrogen is less than 0.0080%；In VD Rare earth recombination line is added in furnace, controls steel grade content of rare earth in 0.003-0.009%；
3) argon for protecting pouring: being poured under protection of argon gas, prevents the oxygen dissolved in atmosphere in steel and nitrogen.
4) atmosphere protection electroslag: oxygen content in steel can be controlled 0.0010% hereinafter, steel at this time by vacuum refining The degree of purity of matrix has reached higher level, and oxide is mingled with quantity and significantly reduces, but vacuum refining is difficult control oxidation The distributional pattern that object is mingled with, i.e., there are still destructive greatly large scale oxides to be mingled in steel；On the other hand, due to molten steel Turbulent flow, the chain or band dress aggregation that oxide is mingled with are easy to appear in steel, it is bigger to the progressive failure of steel matrix. Therefore, steel is melted again using inert atmosphere (or vacuum) protection electroslag remelting process, first with esr process Large-sized inclusions in middle slag gold interfacial reaction Adsorption steel matrix；Secondly, passing through slag blanket in molten steel falls into crystallizer, weight During new solidification, using inductance suppression technology, molten steel turbulence disturbance is reduced, oxide is mingled with holding in stable molten steel Floating straight up effectively inhibits the reunion or building-up effect of field trash.Pass through protective atmosphere remelting, oxygen content in steel drop Oxide inclusion quantity is controlled as low as 0.001% or less, and to be mingled with size smaller for oxide.And sulfur content also controls 0.001% hereinafter, essentially eliminate harm of the element sulphur to steel matrix.
5) steel ingot High temperature diffusion: is subjected to High temperature diffusion, soaking time at 1050-1230 DEG C are as follows: 8-14 hours, eliminate Aliquation carbide, mitigation interdendritic segregation in process of setting.
6) six sides forging: 6 face forgings are carried out to steel ingot, 1080-1220 DEG C keeps the temperature 5 hours, and 1000-1200 DEG C is opened forging, eventually It forges temperature and is greater than 820 DEG C.Improve structural homogenity by six sides forging.
7) anneal: 200-600 DEG C of shove charge, heating speed spend 600 DEG C -625 DEG C of heat preservations 8-15 hours, with small less than 80 DEG C/h In 40 DEG C of cooling rate slow cooling to 300 DEG C, come out of the stove air-cooled.
By the above process, following ingredient and corresponding properties are obtained.
According to experiment, high cycle fatigue 10 is measured by EN1002-1 method6Not disconnected rate reaches 99.7%.
It although an embodiment of the present invention has been shown and described, for the ordinary skill in the art, can be with A variety of variations, modification, replacement can be carried out to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention by understanding And modification, the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of high strength easy through hardening type motor vehicle wheels steel and its manufacturing method, it is characterised in that: its weight percent meter chemistry Component content: C0.46-0.56%, Si0.12-0.38%, Mn0.3-0.7%, Cr0.12-0.3%, Mo < 0.06%, V < 0.05%, Cu < 0.08%, Ni < 0.1%, P < 0.0150%, S < 0.0010%, O < 0.0010%, N < 0.0080%, B0.002%-0.005%, 13.8≤5.4+17*C+2.4*Si+7.3*Mn+5.6*Cr+41*Mo+37*V+11*Ni≤22.7, Surplus is Fe and impurity.
2. a kind of high strength easy through hardening type motor vehicle wheels steel according to claim 1 and its manufacturing method, which is characterized in that Its weight percent meter chemical composition content: C0.52%, Si0.18%, Mn0.6%, Cr0.18%, Mo0.05%, Ni 0.05%, P0.012%, S0.0008%, 00.0006%, NO.0065%, B 0.003%, surplus are Fe and impurity.
3. a kind of high strength easy through hardening type motor vehicle wheels steel according to claim 1 and its manufacturing method, it is characterised in that: Its weight percent meter chemical composition content: C0.48%, Si0.28%, Mn0.7%, Cr0.15%, Mo0.05%, Ni 0.08%, P0.013%, S0.0007%, O0.0005%, N0.0060%, B 0.003%, surplus are Fe and impurity.
4. a kind of high strength easy through hardening type motor vehicle wheels steel according to claim 1 and its manufacturing method, it is characterised in that: Its weight percent meter chemical composition content: C0.54%, Si0.22%, Mn0.5%, Cr0.20%, Mo0.06%, Ni 0.07%, P0.013%, S0.0007%, O0.0009%, N0.0061%, B 0.004%, surplus are Fe and impurity.
5. a kind of high strength easy through hardening type motor vehicle wheels steel according to claim 1 and its manufacturing method, it is characterised in that: Preferably, 0.002%-0.005% boron can be added in steel grade.
6. a kind of high strength easy through hardening type motor vehicle wheels steel according to claim 1 and its manufacturing method, it is characterised in that: Oxide, which is mingled with, in steel influences whether steel matrix continuity with sulfide, endangers the toughness of steel, so its oxygen sulfur content is respectively less than 0.001%.
7. a kind of high strength easy through hardening type motor vehicle wheels steel according to claim 1 and its manufacturing method, it is characterised in that: N can form nitride with steel grade alloy, block the continuity of matrix, easily become formation of crack, so its steel grade nitrogen content is less than 0.0080%.
8. according to claim 1, a kind of high strength easy through hardening type motor vehicle wheels steel and its manufacturer described in 2,3,4,5,6,7 Method, it is characterised in that: in the case of its tensile strength meets 880-980MPa, yield strength reaches 550-720Mpa, extension at break Rate reaches 16%21%, and 20 DEG C of room temperature, KU average impact value is 19-23J, and KV-20 DEG C of low temperature, average impact value is 12-15J.
9. according to claim 1, a kind of high strength easy through hardening type motor vehicle wheels steel and its manufacturer described in 2,3,4,5,6,7,8 Method, it is characterised in that: measure high cycle fatigue 10 by EN1002-1 method6Not disconnected rate reaches 99.7%.
10. a kind of high strength easy through hardening type motor vehicle wheels steel and its manufacturing method, it is characterised in that: including following procedure and step It is rapid:
1) electric furnace and the refining of LF furnace: according to above-mentioned weight percent meter chemical composition content: C0.46-0.56%, Si0.12- 0.38%, Mn0.3-0.7%, Cr0.12-0.3%, Mo < 0.06%, V < 0.05%, Cu < 0.08%, Ni < 0.1%, P < 0.0150%, S < 0.0010%, N < 0.0080%, B0.002%-0.005%, surplus are Fe and impurity, are then matched Material passes through electric furnace, then control tapping P < 0.015% adjusts alloying component and desulfurization by LF refining, controls S < 0.003%；
2) VD deaerates and adds B: controlling oxygen content in steel less than 0.0020% by VD furnace, nitrogen is less than 0.0070%；Control steel grade B Content is in 0.001-0.004%；
3) it argon for protecting pouring: is poured under protection of argon gas；
4) atmosphere protected electro-slag re-melting: oxygen content in steel can be controlled below 0.0020% by vacuum refining；Pass through guarantor Atmosphere electroslag remelting is protected, oxygen content in steel is reduced to 0.001% or less and controls oxide inclusion quantity, and oxide is mingled with ruler It is very little smaller；And sulfur content controls below 0.001%；
5) High temperature diffusion: steel ingot is subjected to High temperature diffusion, soaking time at 10501230 DEG C are as follows: 8-14 hours；
6) six sides forging: 6 face forgings are carried out to steel ingot, 1080-1220 DEG C keeps the temperature 5 hours, and 1000-1200 DEG C is opened forging, finish-forging temperature Degree is greater than 820 DEG C；Improve structural homogenity by six sides forging；
7) anneal: 200-600 DEG C of shove charge, heating speed spend 600 DEG C -625 DEG C of heat preservations 8-15 hours, less than 40 less than 80 DEG C/h DEG C cooling rate slow cooling is come out of the stove air-cooled to 300 DEG C.
CN201811016572.3A 2018-08-31 2018-08-31 High-strength easy-to-quench-through type bullet train wheel steel and manufacturing method thereof Active CN108998735B (en)

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Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103469091A (en) * 2013-08-22 2013-12-25 马钢(集团)控股有限公司 Large size rolled steel integral wheel used for railway vehicle and production method thereof
CN105886933A (en) * 2016-05-12 2016-08-24 天津钢研海德科技有限公司 High tempering softness resistance and high tenacity hot-work die steel and manufacturing method thereof

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103469091A (en) * 2013-08-22 2013-12-25 马钢(集团)控股有限公司 Large size rolled steel integral wheel used for railway vehicle and production method thereof
CN105886933A (en) * 2016-05-12 2016-08-24 天津钢研海德科技有限公司 High tempering softness resistance and high tenacity hot-work die steel and manufacturing method thereof

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
强文江等: "《金属材料学》", 30 September 2016, 冶金工业出版社 *

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