CN108996965B - Mechanical spraying plastering mortar combined bag for wall and preparation method and use method thereof - Google Patents
Mechanical spraying plastering mortar combined bag for wall and preparation method and use method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN108996965B CN108996965B CN201810935973.2A CN201810935973A CN108996965B CN 108996965 B CN108996965 B CN 108996965B CN 201810935973 A CN201810935973 A CN 201810935973A CN 108996965 B CN108996965 B CN 108996965B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/04—Portland cements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B20/00—Use of materials as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone according to more than one of groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 and characterised by shape or grain distribution; Treatment of materials according to more than one of the groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Expanding or defibrillating materials
- C04B20/02—Treatment
- C04B20/023—Chemical treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G21/00—Preparing, conveying, or working-up building materials or building elements in situ; Other devices or measures for constructional work
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00034—Physico-chemical characteristics of the mixtures
- C04B2111/00146—Sprayable or pumpable mixtures
- C04B2111/00155—Sprayable, i.e. concrete-like, materials able to be shaped by spraying instead of by casting, e.g. gunite
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/00482—Coating or impregnation materials
- C04B2111/00508—Cement paints
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
- C04B2111/29—Frost-thaw resistance
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Abstract
The invention relates to a mechanical spraying plastering mortar combined bag for a wall body, a preparation method and a use method thereof, wherein the plastering mortar combined bag consists of a bag A and a bag B which are separately packaged; the bag A comprises the following components in parts by weight: 40-60 parts of cement, 5-10 parts of fly ash, 30-50 parts of construction waste regenerated micro powder, 80-150 parts of wood fiber, 0.05-0.25 part of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, 0.02-0.05 part of air entraining agent, 1.2-1.8 parts of water reducing agent, Na2SO41-2 parts; the bag B comprises the following components in parts by mass: 0-30 parts of sand and 70-100 parts of construction waste recycled fine aggregate. The wall plastering mortar has the characteristics of strong adhesion with a wall, strong applicability, good construction performance, strong durability, good water retention, high tensile strength, low shrinkage rate and the like, and the prepared wall plastering mortar has the water retention rate of 94.5-99.5%, the 14d tensile bonding strength of 0.85-1.2 MPa, the shrinkage rate of 0.05-0.14% and the 28d compressive strength of 6.5-28 MPa.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of building materials, in particular to a mechanical spraying plastering mortar combined bag for a wall body and a preparation method and a use method thereof.
Background
In order to promote the sustainable development of resources and solve the problem of energy shortage, the improvement of wall materials and the energy conservation of buildings are greatly promoted in China. In recent years, the utilization rate of new wall bodies is increasing year by year. Compared with solid clay bricks, the novel wall material comprehensively utilizes local resources, adopts advanced production technology, and produces the building material with light weight, high strength, heat preservation, heat insulation, multiple functions, durability and easy construction. The novel wall material has multiple varieties and wide application. The novel wall material can be divided into the following parts according to the shape and the size: bricks, blocks, plates, such as autoclaved fly ash bricks, autoclaved sand-lime bricks, aerated concrete blocks, gypsum boards, GRC plates, and the like; the material can be divided into load-bearing and non-load-bearing wall materials, heat-insulating wall materials, sound-absorbing and sound-insulating wall materials and the like according to functions, such as aerated concrete blocks, concrete small hollow blocks, sintered hollow bricks and the like.
Plastering mortar is a general name of mortar which is applied to a building base surface to achieve leveling or provide protection. According to different operations, plastering mortar is divided into field stirring mortar and premixed dry plastering mortar. Due to the performance difference between the novel wall and the clay bricks, when traditional mortar is adopted, the masonry often has quality problems such as cracking, hollowing and the like. The mechanical spraying plastering mortar is used as one of ready-mixed mortar, has the characteristics of convenience in construction and the like, can save materials, effectively improve construction environment and guarantee engineering quality, and has certain promotion effects on energy conservation, emission reduction, environmental protection and comprehensive utilization of resources when being actively promoted to be used in engineering. Therefore, the novel special plastering mortar for the wall body, which has good water-retaining property, high tensile bonding strength, small shrinkage and high freezing resistance, is developed and developed, and is a key material and technology in the reformation of novel wall body materials and the promotion of building energy conservation.
CN106316275A discloses a mechanical spraying plastering mortar, which comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 25% of P.O42.5 general portland cement, 10% of secondary fly ash, 20% of drying machine-made medium sand, 44.2% of drying natural medium sand, 0.5% of redispersible latex powder, 0.2% of starch ether and 0.1% of lignocellulose. The formula improves the bonding force between the plastering layer and the base layer to a certain extent, solves the problems of hollowing, cracking, peeling and the like of the wall body to a certain extent, has reliable, quick and convenient plastering construction quality, can obviously shorten the construction period, improve the working efficiency, reduce the labor intensity and the labor cost, and can improve the construction operation environment. However, due to the difference between the performance of the novel wall body and the performance of the clay brick, the water retention rate, tensile strength, shrinkage rate and the like of the novel wall body need to be improved, otherwise, the novel wall body cannot be suitable for the novel wall body.
CN108046706A discloses an exterior wall plastering color dry mixed mortar prepared by utilizing construction wastes, which uses the construction wastes such as waste red bricks as recycled fine aggregate of the exterior wall plastering color mortar. The recycled fine aggregate obtained by processing the construction waste red bricks such as red brick type construction waste generated by dismantling houses and enclosing walls through a certain process can be applied to the colored dry-mixed plastering mortar of the outer wall. The preparation process of the recycled fine aggregate comprises the steps of putting raw materials of the construction waste into a construction waste treatment production line, carrying out the processes of sorting, impurity removal, crushing, screening, particle shaping, micro powder removal and the like, and then carrying out sorting by a photoelectric sorting machine to obtain the recycled fine aggregate with the fineness modulus of 2.2-1.6, wherein the content of impurities is less than 0.5%, and the content of red bricks is more than 90%. The mortar can replace quartz sand by 100% for producing color mortar, and the performance of the mortar is superior to that of natural sand color mortar in the same proportion, but due to the difference of the performance of the novel wall and the clay brick, the water retention rate, tensile strength, shrinkage rate and the like of the novel wall need to be improved, otherwise, the novel wall cannot be suitable for the novel wall.
CN107663048A discloses a mechanically sprayed dry-mixed plastering mortar, which is composed of the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 12-25% of cement, 5-10% of fly ash, 40-60% of dried sand with the particle size of less than 5mm, 28-35% of mining powder and 1-3% of mortar modifier. When facing a base layer such as a novel wall material, the invention can avoid wall soaking, does not smear an interface agent in advance, does not need maintenance after finishing working, has the characteristics of no hollowness, no cracking and water resistance of the wall surface treated by the invention, can be used for both the inner wall and the outer wall, is easy to construct, and has the construction speed improved by 50 percent compared with the construction speed of using field stirring mortar. However, the cementing material still depends on cement, which is a non-renewable resource, and has insufficient environmental protection and economy, and the mechanical properties are also to be improved.
Therefore, the mechanical spraying plastering mortar suitable for the novel wall is developed, saves resources, fully utilizes solid wastes such as construction wastes and the like, and has good water retention, high tensile bonding strength, small shrinkage and high freezing resistance.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide the mechanical spraying plastering mortar which has strong adaptability to a wall body, saves resources, fully utilizes solid wastes such as construction wastes and the like, and has good water retention, high tensile bonding strength, small shrinkage and high freezing resistance.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, the invention provides a mechanical spraying plastering mortar combined bag for a wall, which consists of a bag A and a bag B which are separately arranged; the bag A comprises the following components in parts by weight:
40-60 parts of cement, 5-10 parts of fly ash, 30-50 parts of construction waste regenerated micro powder, 80-150 parts of wood fiber, 0.05-0.25 part of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, 0.02-0.05 part of air entraining agent, 1.2-1.8 parts of water reducing agent, Na2SO41-2 parts;
the bag B comprises the following components in parts by mass: 0-30 parts of sand and 70-100 parts of construction waste recycled fine aggregate.
Wherein the mass portion of the cement can be 40 parts, 42 parts, 45 parts, 48 parts, 50 parts, 52 parts, 55 parts, 58 parts or 60 parts, and the like, and can also be any other numerical value in the range, which is not exhaustive; the mass portion of the fly ash can be 5 parts, 6 parts, 7 parts, 8 parts, 9 parts or 10 parts, and the like, and can also be any other numerical value in the range, so that the exhaust is avoided; the mass parts of the construction waste regenerated micro powder can be 30 parts, 32 parts, 35 parts, 38 parts, 40 parts, 42 parts, 45 parts, 48 parts or 50 parts, and the like, and can also be any other numerical value in the range, and the construction waste regenerated micro powder is not exhaustive; the mass portion of the wood fiber can be 80 parts, 90 parts, 100 parts, 110 parts, 120 parts, 130 parts, 140 parts, 150 parts and the like, and can also be any other numerical value in the range, and the wood fiber is not exhaustive; the mass portion of the hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose can be 0.05 portion, 0.08 portion, 0.1 portion, 0.12 portion, 0.15 portion, 0.18 portion, 0.2 portion, 0.22 portion or 0.25 portion, and the like, and can also be any other numerical value in the range, and the total amount is not exhausted; the mass portion of the air entraining agent can be 0.02 portion, 0.03 portion, 0.4 portion or 0.05 portion, and the like, and can also be any other numerical value in the range, and the air entraining agent is not exhaustive; the water reducing agent can be 1.2 parts, 1.3 parts, 1.4 parts, 1.5 parts, 1.6 parts, 1.7 parts or 1.8 parts by weight, and the like, and can also be any other numerical value in the range, and the water reducing agent is not exhaustive; the sand can be 0 part, 1 part, 2 parts, 5 parts, 10 parts, 12 parts, 15 parts, 18 parts, 20 parts, 22 parts, 25 parts, 28 parts or 30 parts by weight, and the like, and can also be any other numerical value in the range, and the whole amount is not exhausted; the mass portion of the construction waste recycled fine aggregate can be 70 parts, 75 parts, 80 parts, 85 parts, 90 parts, 95 parts or 100 parts, and the like, and can also be any other numerical value in the range, and the range is not exhaustive.
The invention has the advantages that the A bag and the B bag are separately packaged, compared with the mode of premixing all the components of the dry powder mortar in the prior art, the former has the advantages of simple use, stable quality and long quality guarantee period compared with the latter, and is particularly suitable for small projects and working conditions with less mortar consumption. However, the present invention is not limited to the specific form of the dispenser.
The plastering mortar in the prior art is prepared by premixing all components before packaging and directly adding water for pulping when in use. The plastering mortar combined bag of the invention is formed by subpackaging aggregate and cementing material, and the cementing material consisting of cement, fly ash and construction waste regenerated micro powder and other additives are filled in the bag A. Aggregate consisting of sand and construction waste recycled fine aggregate is filled in the bag B, and the construction waste recycled material is efficiently utilized by two ways.
On the other hand, the components are compounded according to a certain proportion range to obtain the mechanical spraying plastering mortar combined bag for the wall, and the components are mutually cooperated, so that the prepared wall plastering mortar has good comprehensive performance: the water retention rate is 94.5-99.5%, the 14d tensile bonding strength is 0.85-1.2 MPa, the shrinkage rate is 0.05-0.14%, and the 28d compressive strength is 6.5-28 MPa.
The term "comprising" as used herein means that it may include, in addition to the components, other components which impart different properties to the plastering mortar composition. In addition, the term "comprising" as used herein may be replaced by "being" or "consisting of … …" as closed.
The following technical solutions are preferred but not limited to the technical solutions provided by the present invention, and the technical objects and advantages of the present invention can be better achieved and realized by the following technical solutions.
Preferably, the cement comprises masonry cement or portland cement.
The present invention is not particularly limited to the specific type of portland cement, and examples thereof include PO32.5 portland cement and/or PO42.5 portland cement.
Preferably, the mesh number of the construction waste regenerated micro powder is more than or equal to 425 meshes, namely all the construction waste regenerated micro powder can leak through meshes of a screen with 425 meshes.
Preferably, the specific surface area of the construction waste regenerated micro powder is 300-500 m2Kg, e.g. 300m2/kg、320m2/kg、350m2/kg、380m2/kg、400m2/kg、420m2/kg、450m2/kg、480m2Per kg or 500m2Kg, etc.
Preferably, the construction waste recycled micro powder comprises activated construction waste recycled micro powder.
Preferably, the activating means comprises: mixing the construction waste regenerated micro powder with the Na2SO4The solution is mixed into slurry, and the activated construction waste regenerated micro powder is obtained after atomization and drying.
Preferably, the wood fiber is obtained by crushing waste newspaper and/or copy paper once, adding water for pulping and drying;
preferably, the temperature of the pulping is 50-60 ℃, such as 50 ℃, 51 ℃, 52 ℃, 53 ℃, 54 ℃, 55 ℃, 56 ℃, 57 ℃, 58 ℃, 59 ℃ or 60 ℃ and the like; the time is 8-24 h, such as 8h, 10h, 12h, 16h, 18h, 20h, 22h or 24 h.
Preferably, the hydroxypropylmethylcellulose has a viscosity of 40000 to 60000 mPas, for example 40000 mPas, 45000 mPas, 50000 mPas, 55000 mPas or 60000 mPas.
Preferably, the water reducing agent is a mud-resistant polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent.
Preferably, the Na2SO4Purity of (2)>99 wt%, such as 99.1 wt%, 99.5 wt%, 99.9 wt%, 99.95 wt%, or 99.99 wt%, etc.
Preferably, the sand is natural sand and/or machine-made sand.
Preferably, the fineness modulus of the construction waste recycled fine aggregate is 2.2-2.7, such as 2.2, 2.3, 2.4, 2.5, 2.6 or 2.7.
Preferably, the construction waste recycled fine aggregate comprises construction waste recycled fine aggregate modified by water glass;
preferably, the modification comprises: and (3) dipping the construction waste recycled fine aggregate in a water glass solution, carrying out solid-liquid separation, and drying a solid phase to obtain the construction waste recycled fine aggregate modified by the water glass.
Preferably, the concentration of the water glass solution is 3 to 8 wt%, such as, for example, 3 wt%, 4 wt%, 5 wt%, 6 wt%, 7 wt%, or 8 wt%, etc.
Preferably, the time for the impregnation is 0.5 to 1 hour, such as 0.5 hour, 0.6 hour, 0.7 hour, 0.8 hour, 0.9 hour or 1 hour and the like.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing a mechanical spraying plastering mortar combined bag for a wall body according to the first aspect, comprising the following steps:
(1) mixing the recycled construction waste micropowder with Na2SO4Mixing the aqueous solution into slurry, atomizing and drying to obtain activated construction waste regenerated micro powder, uniformly mixing the activated construction waste regenerated micro powder with cement, fly ash, wood fiber, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, an air entraining agent and a water reducing agent, and then bagging, and marking as A bag;
(2) mixing sand and construction waste recycled fine aggregate, and then packaging in another package, and marking as a package B; and the separately-packaged A bag and the B bag form the mechanical spraying plastering mortar combined bag for the wall body.
According to the invention, the construction waste regenerated micro powder in the bag A is prepared into uniform powder through spray drying and then is uniformly mixed with cement, on one hand, the construction waste regenerated micro powder is fully activated in the atomization process, the activity of the regenerated micro powder is enhanced, the bonding performance of the bag A to aggregate in the bag B in the use process is improved, and finally the performance of wall plastering mortar is optimized, so that the problem of the contradiction between the addition amount and the performance, which is caused by the increase of the addition amount of the construction waste regenerated micro powder in the traditional technology, is solved in the invention, the construction waste regenerated micro powder can be greatly doped in a bonding material through simple atomization, and the quality of the mortar is not reduced; on the other hand, the weight-preserving component A obtained by the method is more uniformly mixed, and the processing performance of the mortar combined bag is improved.
Preferably, the atomization in step (1) is performed by spraying with an atomization drying device.
Preferably, the spray drying apparatus comprises a spray dryer.
Preferably, the air inlet temperature of the spray drying equipment is 190-220 ℃, such as 190 ℃, 195 ℃, 200 ℃, 205 ℃, 210 ℃, 215 ℃ or 220 ℃ and the like; the air outlet temperature is 110-130 ℃, such as 110 ℃, 112 ℃, 115 ℃, 118 ℃, 120 ℃, 122 ℃, 125 ℃, 128 ℃ or 130 ℃ and the like; the feeding speed is 50-60L/h, such as 50L/h, 51L/h, 52L/h, 53L/h, 54L/h, 55L/h, 56L/h, 57L/h, 58L/h, 59L/h or 60L/h.
Preferably, step (2) is preceded by: and modifying the recycled fine aggregate of the construction waste.
Preferably, the modification comprises: dipping the construction waste recycled fine aggregate in a water glass solution, carrying out solid-liquid separation, and drying a solid phase to obtain the construction waste recycled fine aggregate modified by the water glass;
preferably, the concentration of the water glass solution is 3 to 8 wt%, such as 3 wt%, 4 wt%, 5 wt%, 6 wt%, 7 wt%, 8 wt%, or the like.
Preferably, the time for the impregnation is 0.5 to 1 hour, such as 0.5 hour, 0.6 hour, 0.7 hour, 0.8 hour, 0.9 hour or 1 hour and the like.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the preparation method of the mechanical spraying plastering mortar combined bag for the wall comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing the recycled construction waste micropowder with Na2SO4Mixing the water solution into slurry, spraying, atomizing and drying by using atomizing and drying equipment to obtain activated construction waste regenerated micro powder, wherein the air inlet temperature of the atomizing and drying equipment is 190-220 ℃, the air outlet temperature is 110-130 ℃, and the feeding speed is 50-60L/h; mixing with cement, fly ash, wood fiber and hydroxypropylUniformly mixing methyl cellulose, an air entraining agent and a water reducing agent, and then bagging, and marking as A bag;
(2) soaking the construction waste recycled fine aggregate in a water glass solution with the concentration of 5 wt% for 0.5-1 h, carrying out solid-liquid separation, and drying a solid phase to obtain the construction waste recycled fine aggregate modified by water glass; mixing sand and the building garbage recycled fine aggregate modified by the water glass, and then packaging the mixture in a bag B; and the separately-packaged A bag and the B bag form the mechanical spraying plastering mortar combined bag for the wall body.
In a third aspect, the invention provides a method for using the mechanical spraying plastering mortar combined bag for the wall body, which comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing the component of the bag A and the component of the bag B according to the total mass ratio of 1 (2-6), adding water for pulping, and smearing the obtained mortar on the surface of a wall body by mechanical spraying, wherein the ratio of the components of the bag A to the components of the bag B is 1:2, 1:2.5, 1:3, 1:3.5, 1:4, 1:4.5, 1:5, 1:5.5 or 1: 6.
Preferably, the water-cement ratio of the water-added pulping is 0.4-0.55, such as 0.4, 0.42, 0.45, 048, 0.5, 0.51, 0.52, 0.53, 0.54 or 0.55. The water-cement ratio refers to the weight ratio of the water consumption to the ash consumption in the invention, wherein the ash consumption is the total mass of cement, fly ash and construction waste recycled micro powder.
Compared with the prior art, the invention at least has the following beneficial effects:
1. the mechanical spraying plastering mortar combined bag is special for walls, has the characteristics of strong cohesiveness and applicability with the walls, good construction performance, strong durability, good water retention, high tensile strength, low shrinkage rate and the like, and the prepared wall plastering mortar has the water retention rate of 94.5-99.5%, the 14d tensile bonding strength of 0.85-1.2 MPa, the shrinkage rate of 0.05-0.14% and the 28d strength of 6.5-28 MPa, effectively solves various quality problems caused by poor adaptability of the existing mortar and the walls, and is beneficial to popularization of wall materials such as aerated bricks and the like;
2. the invention greatly utilizes the construction waste regenerated micro powder and the construction waste regenerated fine aggregate, and simultaneously adopts the form of subpackaging the aggregate and the cementing material, thereby having important significance for the reduction of the construction waste, the sustainable development of the construction industry and the cost reduction.
3. The preparation method fully activates the recycled building garbage micropowder in the bag A through atomization drying, and improves the cementing property of the bag A to the aggregate in the bag B in the using process.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of facilitating an understanding of the present invention, the present invention will now be described by way of examples. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the examples are only for the purpose of facilitating understanding of the present invention and should not be construed as specifically limiting the present invention.
Embodiments 1 to 4 provide a mechanical spraying plastering mortar combined bag for a wall, each composed of a separately-packaged bag a and a bag B; wherein the mass parts of the components in the packs A and B of examples 1-4 are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1
The water reducing agent in table 1 is a mud-resistant polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent; na (Na)2SO4Purity of (2)>99 wt%; unless otherwise specified, "parts" in the present invention are parts by mass.
Embodiment 1 also provides a preparation method of the mechanical spraying plastering mortar combined bag for the wall, which comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing the measured portions of the construction waste regenerated micro powder and Na2SO4Mixing the aqueous solution into slurry, spraying, atomizing and drying by using atomizing and drying equipment to obtain activated construction waste regenerated micro powder, wherein the air inlet temperature of the atomizing and drying equipment is 220 ℃, the air outlet temperature is 110 ℃, and the feeding speed is 50L/h; uniformly mixing the powder with measured parts of cement, fly ash, wood fiber, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, an air entraining agent and a water reducing agent, and then packaging, and marking as A package;
(2) mixing sand and the building garbage recycled fine aggregate modified by the water glass, and then packaging the mixture in a bag B; and the separately-packaged A bag and the B bag form the mechanical spraying plastering mortar combined bag for the wall body.
Embodiment 1 also provides a method for using the mechanical spraying plastering mortar combined bag for a wall, which comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing the components of the bag A and the components of the bag B according to the total mass ratio of 1:2, adding water for pulping, wherein the water cement ratio is 0.4, and smearing the obtained mortar on the surface of the outer wall of the wall body by mechanical spraying.
Embodiment 4 also provides a preparation method of the mechanical spraying plastering mortar combined bag for the wall, which comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing the measured portions of the construction waste regenerated micro powder and Na2SO4Mixing the aqueous solution into slurry, spraying, atomizing and drying by using atomizing and drying equipment to obtain activated construction waste regenerated micro powder, wherein the air inlet temperature of the atomizing and drying equipment is 190 ℃, the air outlet temperature is 130 ℃, and the feeding speed is 60L/h; uniformly mixing the powder with measured parts of cement, fly ash, wood fiber, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, an air entraining agent and a water reducing agent, and then packaging, and marking as A package;
(2) soaking metered parts of the construction waste recycled fine aggregate in a water glass solution with the concentration of 5 wt% for 0.5-1 h, carrying out solid-liquid separation, and drying a solid phase to obtain the construction waste recycled fine aggregate modified by water glass; mixing sand and the building garbage recycled fine aggregate modified by water glass, and then packaging the mixture in a bag B; and the separately-packaged A bag and the B bag form the mechanical spraying plastering mortar combined bag for the wall body.
The difference between the using method in example 4 and example 1 is that the total mass ratio of the components of the A bag to the components of the B bag is 1:6, the water cement ratio is 0.55, and the obtained mortar is smeared on the inner wall surface of a wall body by mechanical spraying.
Table 2 shows the contents of the components in the mechanical spraying plastering mortar combined package for walls of comparative examples 1 to 4.
Comparative examples 1-2 differ from example 4 only in that: the component formula in the A bag is different.
Comparative examples 3 to 4 differ from example 4 only in that: the component formula in the B package is different.
TABLE 2
Example 5
The differences from example 4 are only: the specific surface area of the construction waste regenerated micro powder is 150m2/kg。
Example 6
The differences from example 4 are only: the specific surface area of the construction waste regenerated micro powder is 600m2/kg。
Example 7
The differences from example 4 are only: the construction waste regenerated micro powder is not activated.
Example 8
The differences from example 4 are only: the fineness modulus of the construction waste recycled fine aggregate is 2.
Example 9
The differences from example 4 are only: the fineness modulus of the construction waste recycled fine aggregate is 3.
Example 10
The only difference from example 4 is: the construction waste recycled fine aggregate is not modified.
Example 11
The only difference from example 4 is: the inlet air temperature of the spray drying equipment in the step (1) is 160 ℃.
Example 12
The only difference from example 4 is: the air inlet temperature of the spray drying equipment in the step (1) is 250 ℃.
Example 13
The only difference from example 2 is: the air outlet temperature of the spray drying equipment in the step (1) is 100 ℃.
Example 14
The only difference from example 4 is: the air outlet temperature of the spray drying equipment in the step (1) is 150 ℃.
Example 15
The only difference from example 4 is: the feeding speed of the spray drying equipment in the step (1) is 40L/h.
Example 16
The only difference from example 4 is: the feeding speed of the spray drying equipment in the step (1) is 70L/h.
Comparative example 5
The only difference from example 4 is: the preparation method is different from the example 4, and the components are packaged after being dry-mixed without being packaged.
And (3) performance testing: the wall plastering mortar combined bags provided by each example and each comparative example are mixed according to the mass ratio of the bag A to the bag B of 1:4, water is added for pulping, the water cement ratio is 0.5, the water retention rate, 14d tensile bonding strength, shrinkage rate and 28d compressive strength of the prepared wall plastering mortar are tested according to JGJ/T70 building mortar basic performance test method standard, the results of the examples are collated in a table 3, and the results of the comparative examples are collated in a table 4.
TABLE 3
TABLE 4
| Plastering mortar | Water retention rate% | 14d tensile bond Strength | Shrinkage rate％ | 28d compressive strength |
| Comparative example 1 | 84.5 | 0.7 | 0.85 | 10 |
| Comparative example 2 | 88.6 | 0.75 | 0.63 | 9.5 |
| Comparative example 3 | 87.6 | 0.8 | 0.92 | 8.9 |
| Comparative example 4 | 85.6 | 0.73 | 1.05 | 8.4 |
| Comparative example 5 | 89.5 | 0.82 | 0.22 | 10.5 |
The unit of strength in tables 3 and 4 is MPa.
As shown in Table 3, the wall plastering mortar prepared by the mechanical spraying plastering mortar combined bag for the wall in the embodiment of the invention has the water retention rate of 94.5-99.5%, the 14d tensile bonding strength of 0.85-1.2 MPa, the shrinkage rate of 0.05-0.14% and the 28d compressive strength of 6.5-28 MPa. The wall plastering mortar combined bag has strong cohesiveness with the wall, strong applicability, strong durability and good water retention, effectively solves various quality problems caused by poor adaptability of the existing mortar and the wall, and is beneficial to popularization of wall materials such as aerated bricks and the like.
In the embodiments 1 to 4, the specific surface area of the recycled micro powder of the construction waste is more excellent, and is 300 to 500m2The specific surface area of the recycled building waste micropowder is not in the range, so that the performance indexes of the examples 1 to 4 are better than those of the examples 5 to 6, which shows that the internal structure of the mortar is further optimized by optimizing the specific surface area of the recycled building waste micropowder, so that the performance is better on the premise of adding the recycled building waste micropowder at the same level. Compared with the construction waste recycled micro powder which is not activated (example 7), the construction waste recycled micro powder which is atomized and activated by the invention has better performance of the mortar obtained under the premise of the same addition level, and compared with the construction waste recycled fine aggregate which is not modified (example 10), the construction waste recycled fine aggregate which is modified by the invention has better performance of the mortar obtained under the premise of the same addition level, and when one of the construction waste recycled fine powder and the construction waste recycled fine aggregate is not activated or modified, the performance of the mortar is reduced, which shows that the activated construction waste recycled micro powder and the modified construction waste recycled fine aggregate have synergistic enhancement effect on the performance of the mortar.
Comparing examples 8-9 and example 4, it is known that when the fineness modulus of the construction waste recycled fine aggregate is 2.2-2.7, the fineness modulus is more appropriate to form more appropriate particle size stacking with other components in the mortar than the fineness modulus which is smaller or larger, so that the mortar has better performance. On the basis, the construction waste recycled fine aggregate is modified by the method, so that the performance of the mortar is further improved.
As shown in table 3, it can be seen from comparison examples 4 and 11 to 16 that the atomized air inlet temperature, air outlet temperature and feeding speed have a synergistic enhancing effect on the activation of the recycled building waste micro powder, and when the combined conditions of the air inlet temperature of the spray drying equipment being 190 to 220 ℃, the air outlet temperature being 110 to 130 ℃ and the feeding speed being 50 to 60L/h are adopted, the activation effect of the recycled building waste micro powder is the best, so that the performance of the mortar is further optimized on the premise of the same level of addition amount.
As shown in tables 3 to 4, the technical effect of the mortar of the invention cannot be achieved when the mixture ratio of the components in the A package is out of the range of the invention (comparative examples 1 to 2) or the mixture ratio of the components in the B package is out of the range of the invention (comparative examples 3 to 4), so that the components in the invention have synergistic effect.
The applicant states that the present invention is illustrated by the above examples to show the detailed process equipment and process flow of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above detailed process equipment and process flow, i.e. it does not mean that the present invention must rely on the above detailed process equipment and process flow to be implemented. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that any modification of the present invention, equivalent substitutions of the raw materials of the product of the present invention, addition of auxiliary components, selection of specific modes, etc., are within the scope and disclosure of the present invention.
Claims (21)
1. A combined bag for mechanically spraying plastering mortar on a wall is characterized by consisting of a bag A and a bag B which are separately packaged; the bag A comprises the following components in parts by weight:
40-60 parts of cement, 5-10 parts of fly ash, 30-50 parts of construction waste regenerated micro powder, 80-150 parts of wood fiber, 0.05-0.25 part of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, 0.02-0.05 part of air entraining agent, 1.2-1.8 parts of water reducing agent, Na2SO41-2 parts;
the bag B comprises the following components in parts by mass: 0-30 parts of sand and 70-100 parts of construction waste recycled fine aggregate;
the specific surface area of the construction waste regenerated micro powder is 300-500 m2/kg；
The construction waste regenerated micro powder comprises activated construction waste regenerated micro powder;
the activating mode comprises the following steps: will build the saidRecycled micro powder and Na from construction waste2SO4Mixing the water solution into slurry, atomizing and drying to obtain activated construction waste regenerated micro powder;
the fineness modulus of the construction waste recycled fine aggregate is 2.2-2.7;
the construction waste recycled fine aggregate comprises construction waste recycled fine aggregate modified by water glass;
the concentration of the water glass solution is 3-8 wt%;
the modification mode comprises the following steps: dipping the construction waste recycled fine aggregate in a water glass solution, carrying out solid-liquid separation, and drying a solid phase to obtain the construction waste recycled fine aggregate modified by the water glass;
the dipping time is 0.5-1 h.
2. The mechanical spray plastering mortar combination kit for walls according to claim 1, wherein the cement comprises masonry cement or portland cement.
3. The mechanical spraying plastering mortar combined bag for the wall body as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mesh number of the construction waste recycled micro powder is not less than 425 meshes.
4. The mechanical spraying plastering mortar combined bag for walls according to claim 1, wherein the wood fiber is obtained by crushing waste newspaper and/or copy paper at one time, adding water for pulping and drying.
5. The mechanical spraying plastering mortar combined bag for the wall body as claimed in claim 4, wherein the temperature of the pulping is 50-60 ℃ and the time is 8-24 h.
6. The mechanical spray plastering mortar combined package for walls according to claim 1, wherein the viscosity of the hydroxypropylmethylcellulose is 40000 to 60000 mPa-s.
7. The mechanical spraying plastering mortar combined bag for walls according to claim 1, wherein the water reducing agent is a mud-resistant polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent.
8. The mechanical spray plastering mortar combined bag for walls according to claim 1, wherein Na is added to the mechanical spray plastering mortar combined bag2SO4Purity of (2)>99wt％。
9. The mechanical spray plastering mortar combined bag for walls according to claim 1, wherein the sand is natural sand and/or machine-made sand.
10. The preparation method of the mechanical spraying plastering mortar combined bag for the wall body as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) mixing the recycled construction waste micropowder with Na2SO4Mixing the aqueous solution into slurry, atomizing and drying to obtain activated construction waste regenerated micro powder, uniformly mixing the activated construction waste regenerated micro powder with cement, fly ash, wood fiber, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, an air entraining agent and a water reducing agent, and then bagging, and marking as A bag;
(2) mixing sand and construction waste recycled fine aggregate, and then packaging in another package, and marking as a package B; and the separately-packaged A bag and the B bag form the mechanical spraying plastering mortar combined bag for the wall body.
11. The method for preparing the mechanical spraying plastering mortar combined bag for the wall body according to claim 10, wherein the atomization in the step (1) is performed by spraying with an atomization drying device.
12. The method for preparing a mechanical spray plastering mortar combined bag for walls according to claim 11, wherein the atomization drying equipment comprises a spray dryer.
13. The preparation method of the mechanical spraying plastering mortar combined bag for the wall body according to claim 11, wherein the air inlet temperature of the atomizing and drying equipment is 190-220 ℃, the air outlet temperature is 110-130 ℃, and the feeding speed is 50-60L/h.
14. The method for preparing the mechanical spraying plastering mortar combined bag for the wall according to claim 10, wherein the step (2) is preceded by: and modifying the recycled fine aggregate of the construction waste.
15. The method for preparing the mechanical spraying plastering mortar combined bag for the wall body according to claim 14, wherein the modification mode comprises the following steps: and (3) dipping the construction waste recycled fine aggregate in a water glass solution, carrying out solid-liquid separation, and drying a solid phase to obtain the construction waste recycled fine aggregate modified by the water glass.
16. The method for preparing the mechanical spraying plastering mortar combined bag for the wall body according to claim 15, wherein the concentration of the water glass solution is 3-8 wt%.
17. The method for preparing the mechanical spraying plastering mortar combined bag for the wall body according to claim 15, wherein the soaking time is 0.5-1 h.
18. The method for preparing the mechanical spraying plastering mortar combined bag for the wall body according to any one of claims 10 to 17, wherein the method for preparing the mechanical spraying plastering mortar combined bag for the wall body comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing the recycled construction waste micropowder with Na2SO4Mixing the water solution into slurry, spraying, atomizing and drying by using atomizing and drying equipment to obtain activated construction waste regenerated micro powder, wherein the air inlet temperature of the atomizing and drying equipment is 190-220 ℃, the air outlet temperature is 110-130 ℃, and the feeding speed is 50-60L/h; uniformly mixing the cement, the fly ash, the wood fiber, the hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, the air entraining agent and the water reducing agent, and then packaging, and marking as A package;
(2) soaking the construction waste recycled fine aggregate in a water glass solution with the concentration of 5 wt% for 0.5-1 h, carrying out solid-liquid separation, and drying a solid phase to obtain the construction waste recycled fine aggregate modified by water glass; mixing sand and the building garbage recycled fine aggregate modified by the water glass, and then packaging the mixture in a bag B; and the separately-packaged A bag and the B bag form the mechanical spraying plastering mortar combined bag for the wall body.
19. The use method of the mechanical spraying and plastering mortar combined bag for the wall body as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing the components of the bag A and the components of the bag B according to the total mass ratio of 1 (2-6), adding water for pulping, and mechanically spraying the obtained mortar on the surface of a wall.
20. The use method of the mechanical spraying plastering mortar combined bag for the wall body as claimed in claim 19, wherein the water-cement ratio of the water-added slurry is 0.4-0.55.
21. The method of using the mechanical spray plastering mortar combined bag for walls according to claim 19, wherein the wall surface comprises an exterior wall surface and/or an interior wall surface.
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| CN114804772B (en) * | 2022-05-10 | 2022-12-13 | 北京建筑材料科学研究总院有限公司 | Light plastering mortar and using method thereof |
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