CN108994071A - A kind of biological carbon materials and its preparation method and application for soil remediation - Google Patents
A kind of biological carbon materials and its preparation method and application for soil remediation Download PDFInfo
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- CN108994071A CN108994071A CN201810812465.5A CN201810812465A CN108994071A CN 108994071 A CN108994071 A CN 108994071A CN 201810812465 A CN201810812465 A CN 201810812465A CN 108994071 A CN108994071 A CN 108994071A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
- B09C1/08—Reclamation of contaminated soil chemically
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- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/02—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing inorganic compounds only
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C2101/00—In situ
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Abstract
The invention belongs to soil remediation correlative technology fields, disclose a kind of biological carbon materials and its preparation method and application for soil remediation.Preparation method specifically: will be mixed after biomass crushing and screening with palm shell ash, dipping is sufficiently stirred after liquid is added, solid precursor is made by being separated by solid-liquid separation；Solid precursor is placed under oxygen free condition and is pyrolyzed, the biological carbon materials for being used for soil remediation are obtained.Biological carbon materials prepared by the present invention are on the one hand significant to heavy-metal contaminated soil passivation effect, can effectively avoid the heavy metal ion in soil and entered pollution of food chain environment；On the other hand it can be used as element needed for slow-release compound fertilizer provides growth for crops；Because low manufacture cost, preparation method are simply easy to large-scale commercial production.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to soil remediation correlative technology fields, more particularly, to a kind of charcoal for soil remediation
Material and its preparation method and application.
Background technique
How China carries out recycling to agricultural wastes and efficiently integrates as the maximum country of agricultural wastes quantum of output
Using be promote resource, energy cascade utilization, realize Development of Recycle Agriculture during urgent need to resolve the problem of.Meanwhile with non-
The aggravation of renewable energy crisis, biomass generation are widelyd popularize in China, and are produced after biomass power plant burning
Raw biomass lime-ash such as without effective use, not only pollutes the environment also and will cause the great wasting of resources.
Charcoal has flourishing pore structure and oxygen-containing functional group abundant as one of biomass pyrolysis product,
Therefore it can be used as novel, green, the economic material of one kind to be applied in soil remediation field.Currently, to promote repairing for charcoal
Multiple effect, the main method using in charcoal surface graft special groups are modified it, and modification biological charcoal obtained is not
Only physical adsorbability with higher, and there is significant passivation effect to target heavy metal ion.And biomass lime-ash has
There are strong basicity, and mineral nutrient element rich in such as potassium, phosphorus, calcium, magnesium, silicon etc., therefore is to prepare acid soil improvement
The quality raw materials of agent and compound fertilizer.
Phosphorated material is usually used in the reparation of heavy metal ion pollution, and CN201510194890.9 discloses a kind of modification biological
The method of charcoal fixation in situ navajoite contaminated soil, wherein being modified using calcium monohydrogen phosphate-nitric acid to charcoal.But this method
Modifying process complex process, therefore secondary pollution modified higher cost and is easy to produce using chemicals, furthermore the party
The charcoal of method preparation cannot provide mineral nutrient element abundant, cannot function as compound fertilizer and be administered in soil.
Summary of the invention
For the disadvantages described above of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of biological carbon materials and its system for soil remediation
Preparation Method and application, by using palm shell ash as modifying agent, to biomass material be modified and pyrolysis processing after so that
Charcoal adsorption has a large amount of phosphorous functional groups and K element, so that being made has heavy metal passivation and slow-release fertilizer effect
Biological carbon materials, the high added value for not only realizing biomass resource recycles, and prepares simple, and cost of manufacture is lower,
It is easy to be mass produced.
To achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, a kind of biological raw material of wood-charcoal for soil remediation is proposed
The preparation method of material, method includes the following steps:
(a) pretreatment of raw material:
It dries, is sieved after crushing crusher machine using sieve, the life that will be obtained after biomass material is cleaned up
Material grains store for future use；
(b) prepared by solid precursor:
After the biological particles prepared in step (a) and palm shell ash are mixed with the ratio of mass ratio 1:2~1:6
Liquid is added and obtains solidliquid mixture, which is moved into warmed-up blender, in temperature 60 C~90 DEG C
Under the conditions of be sufficiently stirred after impregnate 2h~12h, then the solidliquid mixture is separated, filtrate is recycled into utilization to be recycled,
The solid precursor is made in drying after the filter residue being obtained by filtration is rinsed；
(c) pyrolysis prepares biological carbon materials:
The solid precursor is heated to 350 DEG C under anaerobic with 5 DEG C/min~10 DEG C/min heating rate
~650 DEG C are pyrolyzed, and are cooled to room temperature taking-up after keeping the temperature 0.5h~2h, obtain the biological raw material of wood-charcoal for being used for soil remediation
Material.
As it is further preferred that the biomass material is agriculture and forestry organic waste material, algae, sludge, one in house refuse
Kind is a variety of.
As it is further preferred that the sieve is preferably 10 mesh~120 mesh.
As it is further preferred that the liquid is preferably distilled water or filtrate.
As it is further preferred that the oxygen free condition is isolation air or is passed through inert protective gas.
Other side according to the invention provides a kind of biology utilized made from the above method for soil remediation
Carbon Materials.
Another aspect according to the invention proposes a kind of dirty using the biological carbon materials remediating heavy metal of above-mentioned preparation
The method for contaminating soil, includes the following steps:
(i) it is digged by way of rotary tillage or plow harrow to heavy-metal contaminated soil, according to 50kg/ mus~500kg/ mus
Amount of application the biological carbon materials are added in the heavy-metal contaminated soil；
(ii) earthing fills the biological carbon materials completely, by way of rotary tillage or plow harrow by the biological carbon materials with
The heavy-metal contaminated soil is uniformly mixed, and tamps the laggard behavior phase 60 days soil remediations of soil；
(iii) quantitative every 30 days in the repairing efficiency of step (ii) to extract test soil, according to BCR grading extraction
Method carries out qualitative and quantitative determination to the heavy metal ions in soil form, assesses biological carbon materials to heavy metal in soil
Passivation effect.
More specifically, the heavy metal in soil can be divided into sour solvent, can reduction-state, oxidable state and residual form, wherein acid
The heavy metal of solvent is most unstable to be easier to shift, larger to environmental hazard；The biological carbon materials mainly by by heavy metal by
Sour solvent absorbs Morphological Transitions to other hardly possiblies to realize soil remediation.
As it is further preferred that the heavy-metal contaminated soil is Cu, Cd combined contamination soil.
In general, through the invention it is contemplated above technical scheme is compared with the prior art, mainly have below
Technological merit:
It, can be in repairing efficiency not 1. biological carbon materials prepared by the present invention are significant to heavy-metal contaminated soil passivation effect
Breaking, which converts heavy metal ion especially Cu, Cd ion gradually, absorbs form to be difficult, and the sour solvent heavy metal easily shifted contains
Amount is substantially reduced, and is effectively prevented the heavy metal ion in soil and is entered pollution of food chain environment, is detrimental to health；
2. can be used as slow-release compound fertilizer in addition, biological carbon materials surface graft prepared by the present invention has stable P, K group
Element needed for material provides growth for crops；
3. being discarded finally, the present invention prepares the raw material used during charcoal without artificial preparations both from agricultural
Discarded agricultural resource conversion is not only the successfully high added value real estate by object, therefore low manufacture cost, and preparation method is simple
Product, and it is easy to large-scale commercial production.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of preparation flow figure of biological carbon materials for soil remediation provided by the invention；
Fig. 2 is the X-ray diffraction of the biological carbon materials m-YBC and m-MBC that prepare in the embodiment of the present invention 2 and embodiment 4
Map (XRD)；
Fig. 3 is prepared by the method biological carbon materials in the repairing efficiency of heavy-metal contaminated soil, weight in soil
The metamorphosis figure of metal, wherein Fig. 3 a is the metamorphosis figure of Cu, and Fig. 3 b is the metamorphosis figure of Cd.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, right
The present invention is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, and
It is not used in the restriction present invention.As long as in addition, technical characteristic involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below
Not constituting a conflict with each other can be combined with each other.
The biological carbon materials and preparation method thereof that the invention proposes a kind of for soil remediation, concrete operations process is as schemed
Shown in 1, method includes the following steps:
(a) pretreatment of raw material:
It dries, is sieved after crushing crusher machine using sieve, the life that will be obtained after biomass material is cleaned up
Material grains store for future use；
(b) prepared by solid precursor:
After the biological particles prepared in step (a) and palm shell ash are mixed with the ratio of mass ratio 1:2~1:6
Liquid is added and obtains solidliquid mixture, which is moved into warmed-up blender, in temperature 60 C~90 DEG C
Under the conditions of be sufficiently stirred after impregnate 2h~12h, then the solidliquid mixture is separated, filtrate is recycled into utilization to be recycled,
The solid precursor is made in drying after the filter residue being obtained by filtration is rinsed；
(c) pyrolysis prepares biological carbon materials:
The solid precursor is placed in fixed bed reactors, under anaerobic with 5 DEG C/min~10 DEG C/min
Heating rate is heated to 350 DEG C~650 DEG C and is pyrolyzed, and is cooled to room temperature taking-up after keeping the temperature 0.5h~2h, is used for described in acquisition
The biological carbon materials of soil remediation.
As shown in table 1, wherein P content is up to 30.6%, K content and reaches 16.3% the analysis of palm shell ash composition, therefore
Palm shell ash is a kind of ideal natural modified dose and fertilizer.
1 palm shell ash component analytical table of table
Further, the biomass material be preferably one of agriculture and forestry organic waste material, algae, sludge, house refuse or
It is a variety of.
Further, the sieve is preferably 10 mesh~120 mesh.
Further, the liquid is preferably distilled water or filtrate.
Further, the oxygen free condition for isolation air or is passed through inert protective gas.
Now by taking specific biological carbon materials and preparation method thereof as an example, the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment 1
(a) cornstalk pre-processes:
It is dried after 50kg cornstalk is spent distilled water cleaning, then crushed 50 meshes with pulverizer, by partial size
It dries, is sent into spare in storage tank again less than 0.300mm cornstalk particle；
(b) precursor preparation:
Directly the cornstalk particle prepared in step (a) is added and moves into the blender for having been heated to 80 DEG C after distilled water
Middle stirring 2h, is filtered after being cooled to room temperature, and obtains presoma after filter residue is repeatedly rinsed drying, wherein filtrate is recycled to
It is reused in filtrate receiver；
(c) pyrolysis prepares biological carbon materials:
By the presoma prepared in step (b) be placed in fixed-bed reactor with the rate of 10 DEG C/min by room temperature to
It is preferred that 550 DEG C of operating condition, pyrolysis temperature 2h is kept, is taken out after cooled to room temperature, wherein the process for being pyrolyzed and being cooled to room temperature
Carry out under nitrogen atmosphere；After sample is cooling, water washing is not necessarily to after taking-up, grinding is broken to can be obtained unmodified cornstalk
Biological carbon materials are denoted as YBC.
Embodiment 2
(a) cornstalk pre-processes:
It is dried after 50kg cornstalk is spent distilled water cleaning, then crushed 50 meshes with pulverizer, by partial size
It dries, is sent into spare in storage tank again less than 0.300mm cornstalk particle；
(b) precursor preparation:
Take the method excessively impregnated, according to cornstalk: palm ash mass ratio be 1:2 ratio take 100kg palm ash with
The cornstalk particle prepared in step (a) mixes, and moves into the blender for have been heated to 80 DEG C after addition distilled water and stirs 2h,
It is filtered after being cooled to room temperature, obtains presoma after filter residue is repeatedly rinsed drying, wherein filtrate is recycled to weight in filtrate receiver
It is multiple to use；
(c) pyrolysis prepares biological carbon materials:
By the presoma prepared in step (b) be placed in fixed-bed reactor with the rate of 10 DEG C/min by room temperature to
It is preferred that 550 DEG C of operating condition, pyrolysis temperature 2h is kept, is taken out after cooled to room temperature, wherein the process for being pyrolyzed and being cooled to room temperature
Carry out under nitrogen atmosphere；After sample is cooling, water washing is not necessarily to after taking-up, grinding is broken to can be obtained modified corn stalk biology
Carbon Materials are denoted as m-YBC.
Embodiment 3
(a) camphorwood dust pre-processes:
It is dried after 50kg camphorwood dust is spent distilled water cleaning, then crushed 50 meshes with pulverizer, by partial size
It dries, is sent into spare in storage tank again less than 0.300mm camphorwood dust particle；
(b) precursor preparation:
Directly the camphorwood dust particle prepared in step (a) is added and moves into the blender for having been heated to 80 DEG C after distilled water
Middle stirring 2h, is filtered after being cooled to room temperature, and obtains presoma after filter residue is repeatedly rinsed drying, wherein filtrate is recycled to
It is reused in filtrate receiver；
(c) pyrolysis prepares biological carbon materials:
By the presoma prepared in step (b) be placed in fixed-bed reactor with the rate of 10 DEG C/min by room temperature to
It is preferred that 550 DEG C of operating condition, pyrolysis temperature 2h is kept, is taken out after cooled to room temperature, wherein the process for being pyrolyzed and being cooled to room temperature
Carry out under nitrogen atmosphere；After sample is cooling, water washing is not necessarily to after taking-up, grinding is broken to can be obtained unmodified sawdust life
Object Carbon Materials, are denoted as MBC.
Embodiment 4
(a) camphorwood dust pre-processes:
It is dried after 50kg camphorwood dust is spent distilled water cleaning, then crushed 50 meshes with pulverizer, by partial size
It dries, is sent into spare in storage tank again less than 0.300mm camphorwood dust particle；
(b) precursor preparation:
Take the method excessively impregnated, according to camphorwood dust: palm ash mass ratio be 1:2 ratio take 100kg palm ash with
The camphorwood dust particle prepared in step (a) mixes, and moves into the blender for have been heated to 80 DEG C after addition distilled water and stirs 2h,
It is filtered after being cooled to room temperature, obtains presoma after filter residue is repeatedly rinsed drying, wherein filtrate is recycled to weight in filtrate receiver
It is multiple to use；
(c) pyrolysis prepares biological carbon materials:
By the presoma prepared in step (b) be placed in fixed-bed reactor with the rate of 10 DEG C/min by room temperature to
It is preferred that 550 DEG C of operating condition, pyrolysis temperature 2h is kept, is taken out after cooled to room temperature, wherein the process for being pyrolyzed and being cooled to room temperature
Carry out under nitrogen atmosphere；After sample is cooling, water washing is not necessarily to after taking-up, grinding is broken to can be obtained modified wood chips charcoal
Material is denoted as m-MBC.
Biological carbon materials m-YBC and m-MBC prepared by embodiment 2 and embodiment 4 is washed through chlorohydric acid pickling, deionized water
It is dried after to PH=7.0, carries out X-ray diffraction analysis, it is raw in m-YBC and m-MBC as a result as shown in Fig. 2, by comparison peak-seeking
Object charcoal material surface has found K4P2O7Crystal illustrates that P, K have successfully been grafted onto charcoal by preparation method through the invention
Surface, P, K of grafting are reliable and stable to be cleared up easily, also demonstrate the feasibility as slow-release compound fertilizer.
In addition, the water for also using national standard GB/T23348-2009 to specify the biological carbon materials m-YBC prepared in embodiment 2
Infusion method is measured the sustained release performance of nutrient P, K；Biological carbon materials m-YBC made from 10g embodiment 2 is taken to be put into 250ml
In beaker, be added 200ml deionized water, seal in the constant temperature and humidity incubator for being placed in 25 DEG C, sample time be for 24 hours,
3d, 5d, 7d, 10d, 14d, 28d, later sample interval are 28d, until accumulation nutrient dissolved percentage reaches 80% or more；It takes
When sample, bottle is overturned three times, keeps the strength of fluid in bottle consistent, moved into 250ml volumetric flask, then 10ml solution is taken to cross 0.45 μm
Filter membrane is transferred in sample cell, is measured using burst size of the LC liquid chromatograph to P, K；Biological carbon materials sustained release of the present invention
Performance (total nutrient, granularity, fertilizer releasing period, initial stage nutrient release rate, 28 days accumulative nutrient release rates and fertilizer releasing period it is tired
Count nutrient release rate) testing result is as shown in table 2, the experimental results showed that, made biological carbon materials various performance parameters are all satisfied
The requirement that composite slow-release fertilizer is provided in national standard GB/T23348-2009, hence it is demonstrated that biological carbon materials obtained by the present invention are not only
The use of sustained release P, K compound fertilizer can be can also be used as repairing Cu, Cd combined contamination soil simultaneously.
The sustained release performance parameter of 2 biological carbon materials m-YBC of table
The invention also provides a kind of method of biological carbon materials restoration of soil polluted by heavy metal using above-mentioned preparation, packets
Include following steps:
(i) it is digged by way of rotary tillage or plow harrow to heavy-metal contaminated soil, according to 50kg/ mus~500kg/ mus
Amount of application the biological carbon materials are added in the heavy-metal contaminated soil；
(ii) earthing fills the biological carbon materials completely, by way of rotary tillage or plow harrow by the biological carbon materials with
The heavy-metal contaminated soil is uniformly mixed, and tamps the laggard behavior phase 60 days soil remediations of soil；
(iii) quantitative every 30 days in the repairing efficiency of step (ii) to extract test soil, according to BCR grading extraction
Method carries out qualitative and quantitative determination to the heavy metal ions in soil form, assesses biological carbon materials to heavy metal in soil
Passivation effect.
Further, the heavy-metal contaminated soil is Cu, Cd combined contamination soil.
Now to be using the biological carbon materials remediating heavy metal dirt soil operation method and repairing effect that are prepared in embodiment
Example, the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment 5
(i) it is digged by way of rotary tillage or plow harrow to heavy-metal contaminated soil, the soil after this is digged is by face
Product is divided into 4 groups, biological carbon materials YBC, m-YBC for preparing Examples 1 to 4 according to 50kg/ mus of amount of application respectively, MBC,
M-MBC is added in every group of heavy metal pollution (Cu, Cd pollution) soil；
(ii) earthing fills the biological carbon materials completely, by way of rotary tillage or plow harrow by the biological carbon materials with
The heavy-metal contaminated soil is uniformly mixed, and tamps the laggard behavior phase 60 days soil remediations of soil；
(iii) four groups of rehabilitating soils were extracted every 30 days in the repairing efficiency of step (ii) and former non-rehabilitating soil is each
500g, using BCR grading extraction method to the sour solvent of Cu, Cd in soil, can reduction-state, oxidable state and residual form carry out
Grading extraction, each step extracting solution of acquirement is crossed 0.45 μm of filter membrane at room temperature and is transferred in sample cell, using ICP-MS to molten
Heavy metal ion content is measured in liquid, as a result as best shown in figures 3 a and 3b.
The metamorphosis of Cu is as shown in Figure 3a in cultivation cycle, the application biological carbon materials m- modified by palm shell ash
There is sharp fall in the soil of YBC and m-MBC labile acid solvent content in repairing efficiency, and sour solvent is gradually to can be also
Ortho states, oxidable state and residual form conversion, so that three kinds of form contents increase obviously after making, the existing forms of Cu are by tending to become
More stable existing forms, and by the modified biological carbon materials of palm shell ash compared to unmodified biological carbon materials pair
The passivation effect of Cu will be got well, meanwhile, modified corn stalk biological carbon materials m-YBC passivation effect is the most prominent.
The metamorphosis of Cd is as shown in Figure 3b in cultivation cycle, the application biological carbon materials m- modified by palm shell ash
The residual form content appearance in repairing efficiency of the soil of YBC and m-MBC is significantly promoted, and sour solvent, oxidable state are respectively to can
Reduction-state and residual form conversion, so that latter two form content be made to increase, the existing forms of Cd gradually tend to become more stable
Form, likewise, being better than unmodified biological carbon materials by the modified biological carbon materials effect of palm shell ash, wherein change
The passivation effect of property cornstalk biological carbon materials m-YBC and modified wood chips biological carbon materials m-MBC is close.
As it will be easily appreciated by one skilled in the art that the foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, not to
The limitation present invention, any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should all include
Within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of preparation method of the biological carbon materials for soil remediation, which is characterized in that this approach includes the following steps,
(a) pretreatment of raw material:
It dries, is sieved after crushing crusher machine using sieve, the biomass that will be obtained after biomass material is cleaned up
Particle stores for future use；
(b) prepared by solid precursor:
It is added after the biological particles prepared in step (a) and palm shell ash are mixed with the ratio of mass ratio 1:2~1:6
Liquid obtains solidliquid mixture, which is moved into warmed-up blender, the condition in temperature 60 C~90 DEG C
Under be sufficiently stirred after impregnate 2h~12h, then the solidliquid mixture is separated, filtrate is recycled into utilization to be recycled, incited somebody to action
It filters drying after obtained filter residue rinses and the solid precursor is made；
(c) pyrolysis prepares biological carbon materials:
The solid precursor is heated to 350 DEG C~650 under anaerobic with 5 DEG C/min~10 DEG C/min heating rate
It DEG C is pyrolyzed, is cooled to room temperature taking-ups after keeping the temperature 0.5h~2h, obtain the biological carbon materials for soil remediation.
2. a kind of preparation method of the biological carbon materials for soil remediation as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that described
Biomass material is preferably one of agriculture and forestry organic waste material, algae, sludge, house refuse or a variety of.
3. a kind of preparation method of the biological carbon materials for soil remediation as claimed in claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that
The sieve is preferably 10 mesh~120 mesh.
4. a kind of preparation method of biological carbon materials for soil remediation as described in claims 1 to 3, which is characterized in that
The liquid is preferably distilled water or filtrate.
5. a kind of preparation method of biological carbon materials for soil remediation as described in Claims 1 to 4, which is characterized in that
The oxygen free condition is isolation air or is passed through inert protective gas.
6. a kind of biological raw material of wood-charcoal for soil remediation being prepared using method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5
Material.
7. a kind of method of the biological carbon materials restoration of soil polluted by heavy metal prepared using claim 6, which is characterized in that institute
State method the following steps are included:
(i) it is digged by way of rotary tillage or plow harrow to heavy-metal contaminated soil, according to 50kg/ mus~500kg/ mus apply
The biological carbon materials are added in the heavy-metal contaminated soil by dosage；
(ii) earthing fills the biological carbon materials completely, by way of rotary tillage or plow harrow by the biological carbon materials with it is described
Heavy-metal contaminated soil is uniformly mixed, and tamps the laggard behavior phase 60 days soil remediations of soil；
(iii) quantitative every 30 days in the repairing efficiency of step (ii) to extract test soil, according to the side of BCR grading extraction
Method carries out qualitative and quantitative determination to the heavy metal ions in soil form, assesses biological carbon materials to heavy metal in soil
Passivation effect.
8. utilizing the method for biological carbon materials restoration of soil polluted by heavy metal as claimed in claim 7, which is characterized in that described
Heavy-metal contaminated soil is preferably Cu, Cd combined contamination soil.
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| CN110149833A (en) * | 2019-06-04 | 2019-08-23 | 阜阳师范学院 | A method of application charcoal improves soil |
| CN111154491A (en) * | 2020-01-19 | 2020-05-15 | 南京林业大学 | Preparation and application of heavy metal polluted acid soil remediation-improvement material |
| CN112919754A (en) * | 2021-01-21 | 2021-06-08 | 东南大学 | Method for preparing biochar and solidifying heavy metal by virtue of pyrolysis of sludge coupled biomass |
| CN114273416A (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2022-04-05 | 华中科技大学 | Preparation method, product and repair method of carbon-based bifunctional soil repair agent |
| CN114672329A (en) * | 2022-04-08 | 2022-06-28 | 昆明理工大学 | Device and method for reducing heavy metal polluted soil environment risk in smoldering mode |
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