CN108987772B - Heat utilization system in fuel cell - Google Patents

Heat utilization system in fuel cell Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108987772B
CN108987772B CN201811084444.2A CN201811084444A CN108987772B CN 108987772 B CN108987772 B CN 108987772B CN 201811084444 A CN201811084444 A CN 201811084444A CN 108987772 B CN108987772 B CN 108987772B
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input port
output port
oxidation
fuel
reforming
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CN108987772A (en
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周明强
武洪松
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China Hydrogen Energy Technology Co
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China Hydrogen Energy Technology Co
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/06Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
    • H01M8/0606Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants
    • H01M8/0612Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants from carbon-containing material
    • H01M8/0618Reforming processes, e.g. autothermal, partial oxidation or steam reforming
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04007Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
    • H01M8/04014Heat exchange using gaseous fluids; Heat exchange by combustion of reactants
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04223Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
    • H01M8/04268Heating of fuel cells during the start-up of the fuel cells
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50Fuel cells

Abstract

The present application relates to a heat utilization system in a fuel cell, comprising: an oxidation reforming composite device; the fuel conveying system and the electric pile temperature control system are respectively connected with the oxidation reforming composite device; the electric pile is connected with the electric pile temperature control system; an oxygen supply system respectively connected with the electric pile and the oxidation reforming composite device; the oxidation reforming composite structure comprises an oxidation chamber, a reforming chamber and a fuel gasification device; the reforming chamber comprises a reforming chamber heating device; the oxidation chamber is respectively connected with the reforming chamber heating device and the fuel gasification device through heating pipelines; the oxidation reforming conforming device is provided with a high-temperature gas output port which is respectively connected with the reforming chamber heating device and the fuel gasification device. The reforming chamber heating device and the fuel gasification device are integrated in the oxidation reforming composite structure, the volume of the battery is smaller, heat generated by oxidation in the oxidation chamber is used as a heat source, heat generated by the battery during operation is utilized, and the energy waste is reduced.

Description

Heat utilization system in fuel cell
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of fuel cells, in particular to a heat utilization system in a fuel cell.
Background
With the investment of new energy automobiles in various countries in the world, the new energy automobiles are rapidly developed, and the new energy automobiles using fuel cells as power sources are favored in various countries.
The fuel cell is a high temperature hydrogen fuel cell in a hydrogen fuel cell, and the stack of the high temperature hydrogen fuel cell needs to be heated to a certain temperature to normally work, in addition, if the technology of preparing hydrogen by reforming methanol is utilized, namely, methanol gas and water vapor react at a certain temperature and generate hydrogen and carbon dioxide under the action of a catalyst, and the temperature suitable for the operation of the catalyst is about 210 ℃ to 350 ℃, so that the mixed gas of the methanol and the water needs to be heated to a suitable temperature to normally react.
In the prior art, a special heating device is generally adopted for heating the galvanic pile and the mixed gas of methanol and water, when the battery is started, the battery can normally start to work only after being heated to a proper temperature, the starting time of the battery is definitely increased, the whole volume of the battery is increased due to the heating device, and meanwhile, heat generated by the reaction inside the battery is often dissipated through a radiator, so that energy waste is caused.
Disclosure of Invention
To overcome at least some of the problems in the related art, the present application provides a heat utilization system in a fuel cell.
The heat utilization system in the fuel cell provided by the technical scheme of the application comprises:
an oxidation reforming composite device;
a fuel conveying system and a galvanic pile temperature control system which are respectively connected with the oxidation reforming composite device;
the electric pile is connected with the electric pile temperature control system;
an oxygen supply system respectively connected with the electric pile and the oxidation reforming composite device;
the oxidation reforming composite structure comprises an oxidation chamber, a reforming chamber and a fuel gasification device; the reforming chamber comprises a reforming chamber heating device; the oxidation chamber is respectively connected with the reforming chamber heating device and the fuel gasification device through heating pipelines;
the oxidation reforming conforming device is provided with a high-temperature gas output port which is respectively connected with the reforming chamber heating device and the fuel gasification device.
Optionally, the pile temperature control system comprises a first valve block, a heat exchange device, a heating medium heater and a radiator;
the first valve block comprises a first input port and a first output port; the heat exchange device comprises a second input port, a third input port and a fourth output port; the heating medium heater comprises a heating medium input port and a heating medium output port; the radiator comprises a radiator heating medium input port and a radiator heating medium output port; the electric pile comprises an electric pile heating medium input port and an electric pile heating medium output port;
the first input port is connected with the high-temperature gas output port;
the first output port is connected with the second input port;
the fourth output port is connected with the radiator heating medium input port;
the radiator heating medium output port is connected with the electric pile heating medium input port;
the electric pile heating medium output port is connected with the heating medium input port;
the heating medium output port is connected with the third input port.
Optionally, the first valve block is a three-way electromagnetic valve, and the first valve block further comprises a second output port; the heat exchange device also comprises a third output port; the second output port and the third output port are used for exhausting the high-temperature gas.
Optionally, the heating medium heater is provided with a circulating pump for accelerating the circulating flow speed of the heating medium.
Optionally, the circulating pump comprises a pump and a motor, and the pump and the motor are arranged separately and are driven by a connecting piece.
Optionally, the fuel delivery system comprises:
a fuel pump, a second valve block, and a third valve block;
the oxidation chamber is provided with an oxidation chamber fuel input port; the fuel gasification device is provided with a fuel input port; the second valve block is provided with a fourth input port and a fifth output port; the third valve block is provided with a fifth input port and a sixth output port;
the fuel pump is respectively connected with the fourth input port and the fifth input port;
the fifth output port is connected with the fuel input port;
the sixth output port is connected with the oxidation chamber fuel input port.
Optionally, the heating device of the reforming chamber comprises a high-temperature gas input port of the heating device, a high-temperature gas output port of the heating device and a plurality of pipelines arranged side by side; the inlets of the pipelines are converged at the high-temperature gas inlet of the heating device; outlets of the pipelines are converged at a high-temperature gas outlet of the heating device;
the high-temperature gas inlet of the heating device is communicated with the heating pipeline; the high-temperature gas output port of the heating device is communicated with the high-temperature gas output port.
Optionally, the oxygen supply system comprises a pile oxygen supply fan and an oxidation chamber oxygen supply fan;
the electric pile is provided with an electric pile oxygen input port; the oxidation chamber is provided with an oxidation chamber oxygen input port;
the electric pile oxygen supply fan is connected with the electric pile oxygen input port;
the oxidation chamber oxygen blower is connected with the oxidation chamber oxygen input port.
Optionally, the heat exchange device is an evaporator.
Optionally, the evaporator is a plate heat exchanger.
The technical scheme that this application provided can include following beneficial effect: the system of the present application includes an oxidative reforming complex; a fuel conveying system and a galvanic pile temperature control system which are respectively connected with the oxidation reforming composite device; the electric pile is connected with the electric pile temperature control system; an oxygen supply system respectively connected with the electric pile and the oxidation reforming composite device; the oxidation reforming composite structure comprises an oxidation chamber, a reforming chamber and a fuel gasification device; the reforming chamber comprises a reforming chamber heating device; the oxidation chamber is respectively connected with the reforming chamber heating device and the fuel gasification device through heating pipelines; the oxidation reforming conforming device is provided with a high-temperature gas output port which is respectively connected with the reforming chamber heating device and the fuel gasification device. The oxidation chamber is used for oxidizing and releasing heat of fuel conveyed by the fuel conveying system to generate high-temperature gas; the high-temperature gas is conveyed to the fuel gasification device and the reforming chamber heating device through the heating pipeline and conveyed to the electric pile temperature control system through a high-temperature gas output port arranged on the oxidation reforming composite device; the fuel delivery system is used for delivering fuel to the oxidation reforming composite structure; the electric pile temperature control system is used for heating the electric pile or cooling the electric pile; the oxygen delivery system is used for delivering oxygen to the galvanic pile and the oxidation chamber. Because the high-temperature gas carries heat, heat transfer occurs when the high-temperature gas passes through a place with lower temperature than the high-temperature gas, so that the reforming chamber is heated by the reforming chamber heating device, the electric pile is heated by the electric pile temperature control system, and the fuel is gasified by the fuel gasification device, the reforming chamber heating device and the fuel gasification device are integrated in the oxidation reforming composite structure, and the volume of the battery can be smaller; meanwhile, the high-temperature gas is generated by heating the reforming chamber and the electric pile by using heat generated by oxidizing fuel in the oxidation chamber in the process of starting the battery after the battery is started, so that the time for starting the battery is shortened, and the heat generated by oxidizing in the oxidation chamber is used as a heating source in the whole process, so that the heat generated by operating the battery is utilized, and the energy waste is reduced.
It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the application.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the application and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the application.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a heat utilization system in a fuel cell according to an embodiment of the present application.
Reference numerals: an oxidation reforming composite device-1; a fuel delivery system-2; a pile temperature control system-3; pile-4; an oxygen supply system-5; a high-temperature gas outlet 6; a first input port-7; a first output port-8; a second input port-9; a third input port-10; a fuel gasification device-11; a reforming chamber heating device-12; a fourth output port-13; a heating medium inlet port 14; a heating medium outlet port 15; a radiator heating medium inlet-16; a radiator heating medium outlet port-17; a stack heating medium inlet port-18; a stack heating medium outlet port-19; a second output port-20; a third output port-21; a circulation pump-22; a fuel pump-23; a second valve block-24; a third valve block-25; oxidation chamber fuel inlet-26; a fuel inlet port-27; a fourth input port-28; a fifth output port-29; a fifth input port-30; a first valve block-31; a heat exchange device 32; a heating medium heater-33; a heat sink-34; a sixth outlet port-35; a heating device high temperature gas inlet-36; a high-temperature gas outlet of the heating device-37; a stack oxygen blower 38; an oxidation chamber oxygen blower-39; a stack oxygen inlet-40; oxidation chamber oxygen inlet-41.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to exemplary embodiments, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the accompanying drawings, the same numbers in different drawings refer to the same or similar elements, unless otherwise indicated. The implementations described in the following exemplary examples are not representative of all implementations consistent with the present application. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatus and methods consistent with some aspects of the present application as detailed in the accompanying claims.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a heat utilization system in a fuel cell according to an embodiment of the present application.
Referring to fig. 1, the heat utilization system in a fuel cell provided in this embodiment includes:
an oxidation reforming composite device 1;
a fuel conveying system 2 and a galvanic pile temperature control system which are respectively connected with the oxidation reforming composite device;
the electric pile is connected with the electric pile temperature control system;
an oxygen supply system 5 connected to the stack and the oxidation reforming composite device, respectively;
the oxidation reforming composite structure comprises an oxidation chamber, a reforming chamber and a fuel gasification device 11; the reforming chamber includes a reforming chamber heating device 12; the oxidation chamber is respectively connected with the reforming chamber heating device and the fuel gasification device through heating pipelines;
the oxidation reforming conforming device is provided with a high-temperature gas output port 6 which is respectively connected with the reforming chamber heating device and the fuel gasification device.
Since the system provided by the present embodiment includes an oxidative reforming complex device; a fuel conveying system and a galvanic pile temperature control system which are respectively connected with the oxidation reforming composite device; the electric pile is connected with the electric pile temperature control system; an oxygen supply system respectively connected with the electric pile and the oxidation reforming composite device; the oxidation reforming composite structure comprises an oxidation chamber, a reforming chamber and a fuel gasification device; the reforming chamber comprises a reforming chamber heating device; the oxidation chamber is respectively connected with the reforming chamber heating device and the fuel gasification device through heating pipelines; the oxidation reforming conforming device is provided with a high-temperature gas output port which is respectively connected with the reforming chamber heating device and the fuel gasification device. The oxidation chamber is used for oxidizing and releasing heat of fuel conveyed by the fuel conveying system to generate high-temperature gas; the high-temperature gas is conveyed to the fuel gasification device and the reforming chamber heating device through the heating pipeline and conveyed to the electric pile temperature control system through a high-temperature gas output port arranged on the oxidation reforming composite device; the fuel delivery system is used for delivering fuel to the oxidation reforming composite structure; the electric pile temperature control system is used for heating the electric pile or cooling the electric pile; the oxygen delivery system is used for delivering oxygen to the galvanic pile and the oxidation chamber. Because the high-temperature gas carries heat, heat transfer occurs when the high-temperature gas passes through a place with lower temperature than the high-temperature gas, so that the reforming chamber is heated by the reforming chamber heating device, the electric pile is heated by the electric pile temperature control system, and the fuel is gasified by the fuel gasification device, the reforming chamber heating device and the fuel gasification device are integrated in the oxidation reforming composite structure, and the volume of the battery can be smaller; meanwhile, the high-temperature gas is generated by heating the reforming chamber and the electric pile by using heat generated by oxidizing fuel in the oxidation chamber in the process of starting the battery after the battery is started, so that the time for starting the battery is shortened, and the heat generated by oxidizing in the oxidation chamber is used as a heating source in the whole process, so that the heat generated by operating the battery is utilized, and the energy waste is reduced.
Further, the stack temperature control system comprises a first valve block 31, a heat exchange device 32, a heating medium heater 33 and a radiator 34;
the first valve block comprises a first input port 7 and a first output port 8; the heat exchange device comprises a second input port 9, a third input port 10 and a fourth output port 13; the heating medium heater comprises a heating medium input port 14 and a heating medium output port 15; the heat sink comprises a heat sink heating medium input 16 and a heat sink heating medium output 17; the electric pile comprises an electric pile heating medium input port 18 and an electric pile heating medium output port 19;
the first input port is connected with the high-temperature gas output port;
the first output port is connected with the second input port;
the fourth output port is connected with the radiator heating medium input port;
the radiator heating medium output port is connected with the electric pile heating medium input port;
the electric pile heating medium output port is connected with the heating medium input port;
the heating medium output port is connected with the third input port.
In addition, the first valve block is a three-way electromagnetic valve, and the first valve block further comprises a second output port 20; the heat exchange device further comprises a third output port 21; the second output port and the third output port are used for exhausting the high-temperature gas.
The heating medium heater is provided with a circulation pump 22 for accelerating the speed of the heating medium circulating flow.
The circulating pump comprises a pump and a motor, and the pump and the motor are arranged in a separated mode and are driven through a connecting piece. The pump is separated from the motor, so that the influence of a high-temperature medium on the machine can be greatly reduced, and the separated structure of the pump and the motor enables the control and the combination to be more flexible, the cost to be lower, and the production and the later maintenance to be convenient.
Further, the fuel delivery system includes:
a fuel pump 23, a second valve block 24, and a third valve block 25;
the oxidation chamber is provided with an oxidation chamber fuel input 26; the fuel gasification device is provided with a fuel input 27; the second valve block is provided with a fourth input port 28 and a fifth output port 29; the third valve block is provided with a fifth input port 30 and a sixth output port 35;
the fuel pump is respectively connected with the fourth input port and the fifth input port;
the fifth output port is connected with the fuel input port;
the sixth output port is connected with the oxidation chamber fuel input port.
Further, the reforming chamber heating device comprises a heating device high-temperature gas input port 36, a heating device high-temperature gas output port 37 and a plurality of pipelines arranged side by side; the inlets of the pipelines are converged at the high-temperature gas inlet of the heating device; outlets of the pipelines are converged at a high-temperature gas outlet of the heating device;
the high-temperature gas inlet of the heating device is communicated with the heating pipeline; the high-temperature gas output port of the heating device is communicated with the high-temperature gas output port.
Further, the oxygen supply system comprises a pile oxygen supply fan 38 and an oxidation chamber oxygen supply fan 39;
the stack is provided with a stack oxygen inlet 40; the oxidation chamber is provided with an oxidation chamber oxygen inlet 41;
the electric pile oxygen supply fan is connected with the electric pile oxygen input port;
the oxidation chamber oxygen blower is connected with the oxidation chamber oxygen input port.
In the foregoing embodiment, the heat exchange device may be an evaporator, and the evaporator may be a plate heat exchanger. The plate heat exchanger can exchange heat through the micro flow channel of the core plate, and of course, the plate heat exchanger can also be other heat exchangers.
In addition, the heating material of the heating medium heater is a PTC thermistor, and the PTC thermistor material has the advantages of small thermal resistance, high heat exchange rate, low power attenuation, no overheating and reddening during long-term use, and relatively constant heating temperature, so that the system is more stable and safer during operation.
In the description of the present specification, a description referring to terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
Although embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it will be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and not to be construed as limiting the application, and that variations, modifications, alternatives, and variations may be made to the above embodiments by one of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the application.

Claims (8)

1. A heat utilization system in a fuel cell, comprising: an oxidation reforming composite device;
a fuel conveying system and a galvanic pile temperature control system which are respectively connected with the oxidation reforming composite device;
the electric pile is connected with the electric pile temperature control system;
an oxygen supply system respectively connected with the electric pile and the oxidation reforming composite device;
the oxidation reforming composite structure comprises an oxidation chamber, a reforming chamber and a fuel gasification device; the reforming chamber comprises a reforming chamber heating device; the oxidation chamber is respectively connected with the reforming chamber heating device and the fuel gasification device through heating pipelines;
the oxidation reforming composite device is provided with a high-temperature gas output port which is respectively connected with the reforming chamber heating device and the fuel gasification device;
the electric pile temperature control system comprises a first valve block, a heat exchange device, a heating medium heater and a radiator;
the first valve block comprises a first input port and a first output port; the heat exchange device comprises a second input port, a third input port and a fourth output port; the heating medium heater comprises a heating medium input port and a heating medium output port; the radiator comprises a radiator heating medium input port and a radiator heating medium output port; the electric pile comprises an electric pile heating medium input port and an electric pile heating medium output port;
the first input port is connected with the high-temperature gas output port;
the first output port is connected with the second input port;
the fourth output port is connected with the heating medium input port of the radiator;
the radiator heating medium output port is connected with the electric pile heating medium input port;
the electric pile heating medium output port is connected with the heating medium input port;
the heating medium output port is connected with the third input port;
the fuel delivery system includes: a fuel pump, a second valve block, and a third valve block;
the oxidation chamber is provided with an oxidation chamber fuel input port; the fuel gasification device is provided with a fuel input port; the second valve block is provided with a fourth input port and a fifth output port; the third valve block is provided with a fifth input port and a sixth output port;
the fuel pump is respectively connected with the fourth input port and the fifth input port;
the fifth output port is connected with the fuel input port;
the sixth output port is connected with the oxidation chamber fuel input port.
2. The system of claim 1, wherein the first valve block is a three-way solenoid valve, the first valve block further comprising a second output port; the heat exchange device also comprises a third output port; the second output port and the third output port are used for exhausting the high-temperature gas.
3. The system of claim 1, wherein the heating medium heater is provided with a circulation pump for accelerating a speed of the heating medium circulating flow.
4. A system according to claim 3, wherein the circulation pump comprises a pump and a motor, the pump being separate from the motor and driven by a connection.
5. The system of claim 1, wherein the reformer chamber heating means comprises a heating means high temperature gas input, a heating means high temperature gas output, and a plurality of conduits disposed side-by-side; the inlets of the pipelines are converged at the high-temperature gas inlet of the heating device; outlets of the pipelines are converged at a high-temperature gas outlet of the heating device;
the high-temperature gas inlet of the heating device is communicated with the heating pipeline; the high-temperature gas output port of the heating device is communicated with the high-temperature gas output port.
6. The system of claim 1, wherein the oxygen delivery system comprises a stack oxygen delivery blower and an oxidation chamber oxygen delivery blower;
the electric pile is provided with an electric pile oxygen input port; the oxidation chamber is provided with an oxidation chamber oxygen input port;
the electric pile oxygen supply fan is connected with the electric pile oxygen input port;
the oxidation chamber oxygen blower is connected with the oxidation chamber oxygen input port.
7. The system of claim 1, wherein the heat exchange device is an evaporator.
8. The system of claim 7, wherein the evaporator is a plate heat exchanger.
CN201811084444.2A 2018-09-17 2018-09-17 Heat utilization system in fuel cell Active CN108987772B (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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CN108987772B true CN108987772B (en) 2024-03-19

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TW201330374A (en) * 2011-01-06 2013-07-16 Bloom Energy Corp SOFC hot box components
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