CN108986960A - 柔软耐油电缆的制备方法 - Google Patents

柔软耐油电缆的制备方法 Download PDF

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CN108986960A
CN108986960A CN201810704953.4A CN201810704953A CN108986960A CN 108986960 A CN108986960 A CN 108986960A CN 201810704953 A CN201810704953 A CN 201810704953A CN 108986960 A CN108986960 A CN 108986960A
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cable
core
oil resistant
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林建宝
瞿庆广
林新中
陶伟
高昌林
李贻昌
徐家斌
李登军
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ANHUI KUNHE ELECTRICAL Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开一种柔软耐油电缆的制备方法，包括以下步骤：1)将纳米半金属铋束合作为导体线芯，线芯直径在60～80nm，并在导体线芯外被覆绝缘柔软耐油电缆料，形成柔软耐油绝缘线芯；2)步骤1)处理过的线芯3～5根绕一根PV填衬芯通过一次成缆绞合得到复合线芯，将多个复合线芯进行排列并放置相应的承力元件，然后进行三层共挤交联，交联后将电缆的两端与电源连接，构成闭合回路，给电缆通电一段时间；3)步骤2)处理过的电缆进行铜带屏蔽、成缆铠装和套外护套。本发明提供一种柔软耐油电缆的制备方法，柔软度适中，不会影响电缆的承压强度，且能有效减缓了电缆的老化速度，本申请特别适用于机电设备电缆。

Description

柔软耐油电缆的制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及机电设备领域，具体涉及一种柔软耐油电缆的制备方法。
背景技术
随着经济的迅速发展，电缆在通讯、电力等领域的应用非常广泛。在机电设备领域中使用的电缆，需要长期与油接触，这就容易造成电缆脏且易腐蚀，容易就会造成内线的断裂，影响设备的正常使用，而经常更换电缆也会带来一定的财产损失，目前市场上也开始研发耐油电缆，虽然提高了电缆的柔软耐油性能，但由于加入了各种无机材料反而影响了电缆的物理机械性能和传输性能。
发明内容
为了解决上述问题，本发明提供一种柔软耐油电缆的制备方法，柔软度适中，不会影响电缆的承压强度，且能有效减缓了电缆的老化速度，本申请特别适用于机电设备电缆。
为了实现上述目的，本发明采用以下技术方案：一种柔软耐油电缆的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
1)将纳米半金属铋束合作为导体线芯，线芯直径在60～80nm，并在导体线芯外被覆绝缘柔软耐油电缆料，形成柔软耐油绝缘线芯；
2)步骤1)处理过的线芯3～5根绕一根PV填衬芯通过一次成缆绞合得到复合线芯，将多个复合线芯进行排列并放置相应的承力元件，然后进行三层共挤交联，交联后将电缆的两端与电源连接，构成闭合回路，给电缆通电一段时间；
3)步骤2)处理过的电缆进行铜带屏蔽、成缆铠装和套外护套。
进一步的，步骤1)中所述的电缆料的组分如下：以重量计份，高强度聚乙烯树脂20～28份、乙烯-辛烯共聚物30～40份、三元乙丙橡胶40～60份、3-氨丙基三甲氧基硅烷2～3份、硅烷交联剂2～4份、接枝引发剂1～1.4重量份、润滑剂1～2份、抗氧剂CA 2～4份，紫外线吸收剂0.6～2份，所述的高强度聚乙烯树脂的熔融指数为2g/10min且拉伸强度≥40MPa；
优选的，所述的步骤2)中通电时间为4～8H。通过将电缆的两端与电源连接，构成闭合回路，给电缆通电4～8H，以便出去内部残留气体，使使用的安全性大大提高。
所述的承力元件为石墨化碳纤维编织成的网状支撑层。所述的石墨化碳纤维的制作方法为：a.通过标准方法将氨气、丙烷和丙烯腈合成为聚丙烯腈树脂；
b.将步骤a获得的聚丙烯腈树脂溶入聚氧化乙烯与去离子水的混合剂中，该混合剂内聚氧化乙烯与去离子水水的体积比为10：1，获得纺丝原液；
c.将步骤b获得的纺丝原液通过孔径0.06mm的喷孔加压喷入凝固浴中，压力范围为1.6bar-1.8bar，喷头与凝固浴液面距离为12mm，获得聚丙烯腈原丝；
d.将步骤c获得的聚丙烯腈原丝按标准方法进行预氧化，获得预氧化纤维；
e.将步骤d获得的预氧化纤维进行炭化处理，所述炭化处理分为前炭化处理和后炭化处理，前炭化处理温度780℃，处理时间8min，后炭化处理温度1580℃，处理时间6min获得炭化纤维；
f.将步骤e获得的炭化纤维置进行石墨化处理，即将之放置于2450℃环境下，保温10s；
g收丝，获得所需石墨化碳纤维；
本发明带来的有益效果为：1)本申请采用的电缆料生产出来的电缆具有很好的柔软性、耐油性能和热稳定性能，保证线缆传输的稳定性且耐磨，适合长期在机电设备使用，并具有一定的抗污性能，即使暴露在阳光下使用也不会很快的消耗电缆，耐久度佳。
2)通过将石墨化碳纤维作为承力元件，进一步提高了线缆的柔性和强度，使线缆整体的强度提高，耐酸碱腐蚀、耐高温性提高，即使长期暴露在恶劣环境中也能正常使用，延长了电缆的使用寿命，一定程度上减少了企业的成本。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明进行详细说明。
实施例1-3的石墨化碳纤维的制作方法为：a.通过标准方法将氨气、丙烷和丙烯腈合成为聚丙烯腈树脂；
b.将步骤a获得的聚丙烯腈树脂溶入聚氧化乙烯与去离子水的混合剂中，该混合剂内聚氧化乙烯与去离子水水的体积比为10：1，获得纺丝原液；
c.将步骤b获得的纺丝原液通过孔径0.06mm的喷孔加压喷入凝固浴中，压力范围为1.6bar-1.8bar，喷头与凝固浴液面距离为12mm，获得聚丙烯腈原丝；
d.将步骤c获得的聚丙烯腈原丝按标准方法进行预氧化，获得预氧化纤维；
e.将步骤d获得的预氧化纤维进行炭化处理，所述炭化处理分为前炭化处理和后炭化处理，前炭化处理温度780℃，处理时间8min，后炭化处理温度1580℃，处理时间6min获得炭化纤维；
f.将步骤e获得的炭化纤维置进行石墨化处理，即将之放置于2450℃环境下，保温10s；
g收丝，获得所需石墨化碳纤维；
实施例1
1)将纳米半金属铋束合作为导体线芯，线芯直径在60nm，并在导体线芯外被覆绝缘柔软耐油电缆料，形成柔软耐油绝缘线芯；
步骤1)中所述的电缆料的组分如下：高强度聚乙烯树脂20份、乙烯-辛烯共聚物30份、三元乙丙橡胶40份、3-氨丙基三甲氧基硅烷2份、硅烷交联剂2份、接枝引发剂1重量份、润滑剂1份、抗氧剂CA 2份，紫外线吸收剂0.6份，所述的高强度聚乙烯树脂的熔融指数为2g/10min且拉伸强度≥40MPa；
2)步骤1)处理过的线芯3根绕一根PV填衬芯通过一次成缆绞合得到复合线芯，将多个复合线芯进行排列并放置相应的承力元件，然后进行三层共挤交联，交联后将电缆的两端与电源连接，构成闭合回路，给电缆通电一段时间，通电时间为4H。
3)步骤2)处理过的电缆进行铜带屏蔽、成缆铠装和套外护套。
详细数据结果见表1。
实施例2
1)将纳米半金属铋束合作为导体线芯，线芯直径在70nm，并在导体线芯外被覆绝缘柔软耐油电缆料，形成柔软耐油绝缘线芯；
步骤1)中所述的电缆料的组分如下：高强度聚乙烯树脂24份、乙烯-辛烯共聚物35份、三元乙丙橡胶50份、3-氨丙基三甲氧基硅烷2.5份、硅烷交联剂3份、接枝引发剂1.2重量份、润滑剂1.5份、抗氧剂CA 3份，紫外线吸收剂0.9份，所述的高强度聚乙烯树脂的熔融指数为2g/10min且拉伸强度≥40MPa；
2)步骤1)处理过的线芯4根绕一根PV填衬芯通过一次成缆绞合得到复合线芯，将多个复合线芯进行排列并放置相应的承力元件，然后进行三层共挤交联，交联后将电缆的两端与电源连接，构成闭合回路，给电缆通电一段时间，通电时间为6H。
3)步骤2)处理过的电缆进行铜带屏蔽、成缆铠装和套外护套。
详细数据结果见表1。
实施例3
1)将纳米半金属铋束合作为导体线芯，线芯直径在80nm，并在导体线芯外被覆绝缘柔软耐油电缆料，形成柔软耐油绝缘线芯；
步骤1)中所述的电缆料的组分如下：高强度聚乙烯树脂28份、乙烯-辛烯共聚物40份、三元乙丙橡胶60份、3-氨丙基三甲氧基硅烷3份、硅烷交联剂4份、接枝引发剂1.4份、润滑剂2份、抗氧剂CA 4份，紫外线吸收剂2份，所述的高强度聚乙烯树脂的熔融指数为2g/10min且拉伸强度≥40MPa；
2)步骤1)处理过的线芯5根绕一根PV填衬芯通过一次成缆绞合得到复合线芯，将多个复合线芯进行排列并放置相应的承力元件，然后进行三层共挤交联，交联后将电缆的两端与电源连接，构成闭合回路，给电缆通电一段时间，通电时间为8H。
3)步骤2)处理过的电缆进行铜带屏蔽、成缆铠装和套外护套。
详细数据结果见表1。
对照例1
1)将纳米材料束合作为导体线芯，并在导体线芯外被覆绝缘柔软耐油电缆料，形成柔软耐油绝缘线芯；
步骤1)中所述的电缆料的组分如下：聚乙烯树脂28份、乙烯-辛烯共聚物40份、三元乙丙橡胶60份、3-氨丙基三甲氧基硅烷3份、硅烷交联剂4份、接枝引发剂1.4份、润滑剂2份、抗氧剂CA 4份；
2)步骤1)处理过的线芯5根绕一根PV填衬芯通过一次成缆绞合得到复合线芯，将多个复合线芯进行排列并放置相应的承力元件。
3)步骤2)处理过的电缆进行铜带屏蔽、成缆铠装和套外护套。
详细数据结果见表1。
表1
以上显示和描述了本发明的基本原理、主要特征和本发明的特点。本行业的技术人员应该了解，本发明不受上述实施例的限制，上述实施例和说明书中描述的只是说明本发明的原理，在不脱离本发明精神和范围的前提下，本发明还会有各种变化和改进，这些变化和改进都落入要求保护的本发明的范围内。本发明要求保护的范围由所附的权利要求书及其等效物界定。

Claims (4)

1.一种柔软耐油电缆的制备方法，其特征在于：包括以下步骤：
1)将纳米半金属铋束合作为导体线芯，线芯直径在60～80nm，并在导体线芯外被覆绝缘柔软耐油电缆料，形成柔软耐油绝缘线芯；
2)步骤1)处理过的线芯3～5根绕一根PV填衬芯通过一次成缆绞合得到复合线芯，将多个复合线芯进行排列并放置相应的承力元件，然后进行三层共挤交联，交联后将电缆的两端与电源连接，构成闭合回路，给电缆通电一段时间；
3)步骤2)处理过的电缆进行铜带屏蔽、成缆铠装和套外护套。
2.根据权利要求1所述的柔软耐油电缆的制备方法，其特征在于：步骤1)中所述的电缆料的组分如下：以重量计份，高强度聚乙烯树脂20～28份、乙烯-辛烯共聚物30～40份、三元乙丙橡胶40～60份、3-氨丙基三甲氧基硅烷2～3份、硅烷交联剂2～4份、接枝引发剂1～1.4份、润滑剂1～2份、抗氧剂CA 2～4份，紫外线吸收剂0.6～2份，所述的高强度聚乙烯树脂的熔融指数为2g/10min且拉伸强度≥40MPa。
3.根据权利要求1-2任一所述的柔软耐油电缆的制备方法，其特征在于：所述的步骤2)中通电时间为4～8H。
4.根据权利要求1-2任一所述的柔软耐油电缆的制备方法，其特征在于：所述的承力元件为石墨化碳纤维编织成的网状支撑层。
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