CN108983289B - Method and device for determining seismic wave travel time - Google Patents

Method and device for determining seismic wave travel time Download PDF

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CN108983289B
CN108983289B CN201810409088.0A CN201810409088A CN108983289B CN 108983289 B CN108983289 B CN 108983289B CN 201810409088 A CN201810409088 A CN 201810409088A CN 108983289 B CN108983289 B CN 108983289B
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travel time
order
direct wave
medium
correlation coefficient
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CN108983289A (en
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高少武
王成祥
李建峰
张红英
王狮虎
张巍毅
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China National Petroleum Corp
BGP Inc
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BGP Inc
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
    • G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
    • G01V1/28—Processing seismic data, e.g. analysis, for interpretation, for correction
    • G01V1/30—Analysis
    • G01V1/303—Analysis for determining velocity profiles or travel times
    • G01V1/305—Travel times

Abstract

The embodiment of the application discloses a method and a device for determining seismic wave travel time. The method comprises the following steps: determining the travel time of a direct wave corresponding to the first stratum medium according to the propagation speed of the first stratum medium and the distance from a shot point to an interface between the first stratum medium and a second stratum medium, determining the travel time of the direct wave corresponding to the second stratum medium according to the propagation speed of the second stratum medium, the distance from the shot point to a wave detection point and the distance from the shot point to the interface, and determining the vertical two-way travel time corresponding to the first stratum medium according to the propagation speed of the first stratum medium and the thickness of the stratum medium; respectively determining a plurality of travel time correlation coefficients based on the travel time of the direct wave corresponding to the first stratum medium and the travel time of the direct wave corresponding to the second stratum medium; and determining the travel time of the target seismic waves according to the travel time correlation coefficients and the vertical two-way travel time. The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the application can improve the efficiency of calculating the seismic wave travel time under the condition of the transverse variable speed medium.

Description

Method and device for determining seismic wave travel time
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of exploration, development and exploitation of oil fields, in particular to a method and a device for determining seismic wave travel time.
Background
With the development of seismic exploration technology, the difficulty and depth of oil and gas exploration are increased, and the requirements on the signal-to-noise ratio and the resolution of seismic data are increased. When the seismic data is collected, a seismic wavelet is generated by excitation of a seismic source (shot point), the seismic wavelet propagates downwards in an underground medium, when a reflection interface is met, the seismic wavelet is reflected and transmitted, and after the energy of a part of the seismic wavelet is reflected, the direction of the energy is changed, the energy is propagated upwards, reaches a ground receiving point and is received by a detector arranged at the ground receiving point. The reflection generated by different underground reflection interfaces can be transmitted to the earth surface in turn, and the seismic wavelets of the underground reflection can be received by the geophone on the earth surface in turn, so that the seismic data recorded by the geophone is formed.
The seismic travel time refers to the time that the seismic wave passes from the seismic source to the receiving point. While seismic wave travel time calculation is a very important technology in seismic data processing technology, in the seismic data processing method, many technologies relate to travel time calculation, such as post-stack time migration, post-stack depth migration, pre-stack time migration, pre-stack depth migration, motion correction, velocity analysis, tomographic inversion, forward modeling, and the like. The migration processing process mainly includes calculating travel time of seismic wavelets transmitted from a shot point to an underground reflection interface and then returned to a ground receiving point according to an established depth-velocity model of the underground reflection interface, and then inverting the real position of the underground reflection interface according to the calculated travel time and the seismic wavelets recorded by seismic data. Therefore, travel time calculation is the most critical technique for offset processing.
Currently, the travel time of seismic waves in conventional migration processing (including prestack, poststack, time and depth migration, etc.) is usually calculated by adopting ray tracing method. The method comprises the main processes of firstly carrying out gridding processing on a depth-speed model of an underground reflection interface and then calculating when walking on each grid. However, for the case of horizontal laminar medium lateral velocity variation, the method adopts a small grid, takes time to calculate, and cannot meet the actual data processing requirement.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application aims to provide a method and a device for determining seismic wave travel time, so that the efficiency of calculating the seismic wave travel time under the condition of a transverse variable speed medium is improved.
In order to solve the above technical problem, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method and an apparatus for determining seismic travel time, which are implemented as follows:
a method for determining the travel time of seismic waves provides a speed and depth model of a stratum reflection interface in a target work area; the speed and depth model comprises a first stratum medium and a second stratum medium which are adjacent along the horizontal direction and have different seismic wave propagation speeds, and the thickness of the stratum medium; a shot point and a wave detection point are respectively arranged above the first stratum medium and the second stratum medium; the method comprises the following steps:
determining the travel time of a direct wave corresponding to the first stratum medium according to the propagation speed of the first stratum medium and the distance from a shot point to an interface between the first stratum medium and the second stratum medium, determining the travel time of the direct wave corresponding to the second stratum medium according to the propagation speed of the second stratum medium, the distance from the shot point to a detection point and the distance from the shot point to the interface, and determining the vertical two-way travel time corresponding to the first stratum medium according to the propagation speed of the first stratum medium and the thickness of the stratum medium;
respectively determining a plurality of travel time correlation coefficients based on the travel time of the direct wave corresponding to the first stratum medium and the travel time of the direct wave corresponding to the second stratum medium;
and determining the travel time of the target seismic waves according to the travel time correlation coefficients and the vertical two-way travel time.
In a preferred embodiment, the determining a plurality of travel time correlation coefficients respectively includes:
respectively determining a plurality of direct wave cross travel times based on the direct wave travel time corresponding to the first stratum medium and the direct wave travel time corresponding to the second stratum medium;
and respectively determining a plurality of travel time correlation coefficients according to the plurality of direct wave cross travel times.
In a preferred scheme, the multiple direct wave cross travel times include zero-order direct wave cross travel time, first-order direct wave cross travel time, second-order direct wave cross travel time, third-order direct wave cross travel time, fourth-order direct wave cross travel time and fifth-order direct wave cross travel time; correspondingly, the following formulas are adopted to respectively determine the multiple direct wave cross travel times:
Figure BDA0001647527660000021
wherein, taunDenotes the nth order direct wave crossing travel time of the plurality of direct wave crossing travel times, where n is 0,1,2,3,4,5, and τ is the value when n is 00When n is 1, tau represents the zero order direct wave crossing travel1When n is 2, tau represents the time when the first-order direct wave crosses2Denotes the crossing travel time of the second order direct wave, when n is 3, tau3Represents the crossing travel time of the third-order direct wave, when n is 4, tau4Represents the crossing travel time of the fourth order direct wave, and when n is 5, tau5Representing the cross travel time of the fifth-order direct wave; t is tdRepresenting the time t of the corresponding direct wave travel of the first stratum mediumxRepresenting the time of the direct wave travel corresponding to the second stratum medium, V1Representing the propagation velocity, V, of the first formation medium2Representing the propagation velocity of the second formation medium.
In a preferred scheme, the plurality of travel time correlation coefficients include a zero-order offset removal correlation coefficient, a first-order offset removal correlation coefficient, a second-order offset removal correlation coefficient, a third-order offset removal correlation coefficient, a fourth-order offset removal correlation coefficient and a fifth-order offset removal correlation coefficient; correspondingly, a plurality of travel time correlation coefficients are respectively determined, and the determination comprises the following steps:
determining the zero-order offset travel time correlation coefficient according to the zero-order direct wave cross travel time;
determining the first-order offset travel time correlation coefficient according to the zero-order direct wave cross travel time and the first-order direct wave cross travel time;
determining a correlation coefficient when the second order offset wave moves according to the zero order direct wave cross travel time, the first order direct wave cross travel time and the second order direct wave cross travel time;
determining the correlation coefficient of the third-order offset travel time according to the zero-order direct wave cross travel time, the first-order direct wave cross travel time, the second-order direct wave cross travel time and the third-order direct wave cross travel time;
determining the correlation coefficient when the fourth-order deviation moves away according to the zero-order direct wave cross travel time, the first-order direct wave cross travel time, the second-order direct wave cross travel time, the third-order direct wave cross travel time and the fourth-order direct wave cross travel time;
and determining the correlation coefficient when the fifth order deviation is removed according to the correlation coefficients when the zero order direct wave crosses the travel time, the first order direct wave crosses the travel time, the second order direct wave crosses the travel time, the third order direct wave crosses the travel time, the fourth order direct wave crosses the travel time and the fifth order deviation is removed.
In a preferred scheme, the correlation coefficient when the zero-order deviation is removed is determined by adopting the following formula:
Figure BDA0001647527660000031
wherein, β0Representing the correlation coefficient, τ, at the zero-order offset removal0Representing the zero-order direct wave cross travel time;
determining the correlation coefficient at the first offset shift by using the following formula:
Figure BDA0001647527660000032
wherein, β1Representing the correlation coefficient, τ, at the time of said first order offset removal1Representing the first-order direct wave cross travel time;
determining the correlation coefficient at the time of the second-order offset by adopting the following formula:
Figure BDA0001647527660000033
wherein, β2Representing the correlation coefficient, τ, at the time of said second order offset2Representing the cross travel time of the second-order direct wave;
determining the correlation coefficient at the time of the third-order offset by adopting the following formula:
Figure BDA0001647527660000034
wherein, β3Representing the correlation coefficient, τ, at the time of said third order offset3Representing the cross travel time of the third-order direct wave;
determining the correlation coefficient at the time of the fourth-order deviation by adopting the following formula:
Figure BDA0001647527660000035
wherein, β4Representing the correlation coefficient, τ, at the time of said fourth order offset removal4Representing the cross travel time of the fourth-order direct wave;
determining the correlation coefficient at the time of the fifth-order deviation by adopting the following formula:
Figure BDA0001647527660000041
wherein, β5Representing the correlation coefficient, τ, at the time of said five-order offset5And representing the cross travel time of the fifth-order direct wave.
In a preferred embodiment, the vertical two-way travel time corresponding to the first formation medium is determined by using the following formula:
Figure BDA0001647527660000042
wherein, t0Representing a vertical two-way travel time, V, corresponding to the first formation medium1Representing the propagation velocity of the first formation medium, h representing the thickness of the formation medium.
In a preferred embodiment, the following formula is adopted to determine the direct wave travel time corresponding to the first formation medium:
Figure BDA0001647527660000043
wherein, tdRepresenting the time of the corresponding direct wave travel of the first stratum medium, V1Representing the propagation velocity of the first formation medium, and d representing the distance from the shot point to the interface between the first formation medium and the second formation medium.
In a preferred embodiment, the following formula is adopted to determine the direct wave travel time corresponding to the second stratum medium:
Figure BDA0001647527660000044
wherein, txRepresenting the time of the direct wave travel corresponding to the second stratum medium, V2And the propagation speed of the second stratum medium is represented, x represents the distance from the shot point to a wave detection point, and d represents the distance from the shot point to the interface between the first stratum medium and the second stratum medium.
In the preferred scheme, the following formula is adopted to determine the travel time of the target seismic wave:
Figure BDA0001647527660000045
wherein t represents the target seismic travel time, β0、β1、β2、β3、β4And β5Respectively representing a zero-order offset removal correlation coefficient, a first-order offset removal correlation coefficient, a second-order offset removal correlation coefficient, a third-order offset removal correlation coefficient, a fourth-order offset removal correlation coefficient and a fifth-order offset removal correlation coefficient which are included in the plurality of travel time correlation coefficients, t0Representing a corresponding vertical two-way travel time of the first formation medium.
A device for determining the travel time of seismic waves provides a speed and depth model of a stratum reflection interface in a target work area; the speed and depth model comprises a first stratum medium and a second stratum medium which are adjacent along the horizontal direction and have different seismic wave propagation speeds, and the thickness of the stratum medium; a shot point and a wave detection point are respectively arranged above the first stratum medium and the second stratum medium; the device comprises: the system comprises a direct wave travel time determining module, a travel time correlation coefficient determining module and a seismic wave travel time determining module; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the direct wave travel time determining module is used for determining the direct wave travel time corresponding to the first stratum medium according to the propagation speed of the first stratum medium and the distance from a shot point to an interface between the first stratum medium and the second stratum medium, determining the direct wave travel time corresponding to the second stratum medium according to the propagation speed of the second stratum medium, the distance from the shot point to a detection point and the distance from the shot point to the interface, and determining the vertical two-way travel time corresponding to the first stratum medium according to the propagation speed of the first stratum medium and the thickness of the stratum medium;
the travel time correlation coefficient determining module is used for respectively determining a plurality of travel time correlation coefficients based on the travel time of the direct arrival wave corresponding to the first stratum medium and the travel time of the direct arrival wave corresponding to the second stratum medium;
and the seismic wave travel time determining module is used for determining the travel time of the target seismic wave according to the travel time correlation coefficients and the vertical two-way travel time.
As can be seen from the above technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application, the method and the apparatus for determining seismic travel time provided in the embodiments of the present application can directly calculate a plurality of travel time correlation coefficients based on the direct travel time corresponding to the first formation medium, the direct travel time corresponding to the second formation medium, and the vertical two-way travel time corresponding to the first formation medium, and can directly calculate the target seismic travel time according to the plurality of travel time correlation coefficients and the vertical two-way travel time. Therefore, the method can directly calculate the seismic wave travel time without carrying out gridding processing aiming at the condition of the transverse speed changing medium, thereby reducing the calculation amount and improving the efficiency of calculating the seismic wave travel time under the condition of the transverse speed changing medium.
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In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without any creative effort.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of an embodiment of a method of determining seismic travel time according to the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a velocity and depth model corresponding to a near offset in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a velocity versus depth model for a far offset in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of seismic travel time calculated based on model 1 in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of seismic travel time calculated based on model 2 in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of seismic travel time calculated based on model 3 in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of seismic travel time calculated based on model 4 in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram illustrating the components of an embodiment of the apparatus for determining seismic travel time of the present application;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the structure of another embodiment of the apparatus for determining seismic travel time.
Detailed Description
The embodiment of the application provides a method and a device for determining seismic wave travel time.
In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solutions in the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
The embodiment of the application provides a method for determining seismic wave travel time. The method for determining the travel time of the seismic waves can provide a speed and depth model of a stratum reflection interface in a target work area; the speed and depth model comprises a first stratum medium and a second stratum medium which are adjacent along the horizontal direction and have different seismic wave propagation speeds, and the thickness of the stratum medium; and a shot point and a wave detection point are respectively arranged above the first stratum medium and the second stratum medium.
In this embodiment, the seismic wave travel time may refer to travel time of a seismic wavelet that propagates from a shot point to an underground reflection interface and returns to a ground receiving point. For example, when seismic data is collected, a seismic wavelet is generated by shot point excitation, the seismic wavelet propagates downwards in a subsurface medium, when a reflection interface is met, the seismic wavelet is reflected and transmitted, and a part of energy of the seismic wavelet changes direction after being reflected, propagates upwards, reaches a ground receiving point and is received by a detector arranged at the ground receiving point.
In this embodiment, for the velocity and depth model of the formation reflection interface in the target work area, the velocity and depth model may include two formation media adjacent in the horizontal direction, which are the first formation medium and the second formation matrix, respectively. And the seismic wave propagation velocities of the first stratum medium and the second stratum medium are different. And a shot point and a wave detection point are respectively arranged above the first stratum medium and the second stratum medium. Therefore, when the seismic wavelet excited from the shot point meets the interface between the first stratum medium and the second stratum medium, the seismic wave can be reflected and projected, and the energy of part of the seismic wavelet changes the direction after being projected and propagates upwards to reach a ground receiving point.
In this embodiment, the velocity and depth model may be a horizontal layer model. In the horizontal lamellar model, the first stratum medium and the second stratum medium are adjacent, and the thickness of the stratum medium is the same.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of an embodiment of a method of determining seismic travel time according to the present application. As shown in FIG. 1, the method for determining seismic travel time comprises the following steps.
Step S101: determining the travel time of the direct wave corresponding to the first stratum medium according to the propagation speed of the first stratum medium and the distance from the shot point to the interface between the first stratum medium and the second stratum medium, determining the travel time of the direct wave corresponding to the second stratum medium according to the propagation speed of the second stratum medium, the distance from the shot point to the wave detection point and the distance from the shot point to the interface, and determining the vertical two-way travel time corresponding to the first stratum medium according to the propagation speed of the first stratum medium and the thickness of the stratum medium.
In this embodiment, the following formula may be adopted to determine the direct wave travel time corresponding to the first formation medium:
Figure BDA0001647527660000071
wherein, tdRepresenting the time of the corresponding direct wave travel of the first stratum medium, V1Presentation instrumentThe propagation velocity of the first formation medium, d, represents the distance from the shot point to the interface between the first formation medium and the second formation medium.
In this embodiment, the direct wave travel time corresponding to the second formation medium may be determined by using the following formula:
Figure BDA0001647527660000072
wherein, txRepresenting the time of the direct wave travel corresponding to the second stratum medium, V2And the propagation speed of the second stratum medium is represented, x represents the distance from the shot point to a wave detection point, and d represents the distance from the shot point to the interface between the first stratum medium and the second stratum medium.
In this embodiment, the following formula may be used to determine the vertical two-way travel time corresponding to the first formation medium:
Figure BDA0001647527660000073
wherein, t0Representing a vertical two-way travel time, V, corresponding to the first formation medium1Representing the propagation velocity of the first formation medium, h representing the thickness of the formation medium.
For example, fig. 2 and fig. 3 are schematic diagrams of a velocity and depth model corresponding to a near offset and a velocity and depth model corresponding to a far offset, respectively, in an embodiment of the present application. For the model in fig. 2, S denotes a shot point, R denotes a reception point, i.e., a demodulation point, C denotes a reflection point between the medium 1 and the medium 3, D denotes a transmission point between the medium 1 and the medium 2, EF denotes an interface between the medium 1 and the medium 2, D denotes a distance from the shot point S to the interface EF between the medium 1 and the medium 2, h denotes a thickness of the medium 1 or the medium 2, x denotes a distance from the shot point S to the demodulation point R, θ1And theta2Respectively representing the reflection angle and the projection angle. For the model in FIG. 3, θ1And theta2Respectively representing a first incident angle and a second incident angle. Among them, medium 1, medium 2 and mediumQuality 3 represents the first, second, and third formation media in the velocity and depth model, respectively. From fig. 2 and fig. 3, the direct wave travel time t corresponding to the first formation medium can be directly and respectively determined according to the above formuladThe time t of the direct wave corresponding to the second stratum mediumxA vertical two-way travel time t corresponding to the first stratum medium0。
Step S102: and respectively determining a plurality of travel time correlation coefficients based on the travel time of the direct wave corresponding to the first stratum medium and the travel time of the direct wave corresponding to the second stratum medium.
In this embodiment, the determining the plurality of travel time correlation coefficients based on the travel time of the direct arrival wave corresponding to the first formation medium and the travel time of the direct arrival wave corresponding to the second formation medium may specifically include determining the cross travel time of the plurality of direct arrival waves based on the travel time of the direct arrival wave corresponding to the first formation medium and the travel time of the direct arrival wave corresponding to the second formation medium. The plurality of travel time correlation coefficients can be determined according to the plurality of direct wave cross travel times.
In this embodiment, the multiple direct wave crossing travel times may include a zero-order direct wave crossing travel time, a first-order direct wave crossing travel time, a second-order direct wave crossing travel time, a third-order direct wave crossing travel time, a fourth-order direct wave crossing travel time, and a fifth-order direct wave crossing travel time. Accordingly, the following formula can be used to determine the multiple direct wave crossing travel times respectively:
Figure BDA0001647527660000081
wherein, taunDenotes the nth order direct wave crossing travel time of the plurality of direct wave crossing travel times, where n is 0,1,2,3,4,5, and τ is the value when n is 00When n is 1, tau represents the zero order direct wave crossing travel1When n is 2, tau represents the time when the first-order direct wave crosses2Denotes the crossing travel time of the second order direct wave, when n is 3, tau3Represents the crossing travel time of the third-order direct wave, when n is 4, tau4Represents the aboveWhen the fourth order direct wave crosses, n is 5, tau5Representing the cross travel time of the fifth-order direct wave; t is tdRepresenting the time t of the corresponding direct wave travel of the first stratum mediumxRepresenting the time of the direct wave travel corresponding to the second stratum medium, V1Representing the propagation velocity, V, of the first formation medium2Representing the propagation velocity of the second formation medium.
In this embodiment, the plurality of travel time correlation coefficients may include a zero-order offset shift-time correlation coefficient, a first-order offset shift-time correlation coefficient, a second-order offset shift-time correlation coefficient, a third-order offset shift-time correlation coefficient, a fourth-order offset shift-time correlation coefficient, and a fifth-order offset shift-time correlation coefficient. Correspondingly, the determining the plurality of travel time correlation coefficients respectively may specifically include the following steps:
s1: determining the zero-order offset travel time correlation coefficient according to the zero-order direct wave cross travel time;
s2: determining the first-order offset travel time correlation coefficient according to the zero-order direct wave cross travel time and the first-order direct wave cross travel time;
s3: determining a correlation coefficient when the second order offset wave moves according to the zero order direct wave cross travel time, the first order direct wave cross travel time and the second order direct wave cross travel time;
s4: determining the correlation coefficient of the third-order offset travel time according to the zero-order direct wave cross travel time, the first-order direct wave cross travel time, the second-order direct wave cross travel time and the third-order direct wave cross travel time;
s5: determining the correlation coefficient when the fourth-order deviation moves away according to the zero-order direct wave cross travel time, the first-order direct wave cross travel time, the second-order direct wave cross travel time, the third-order direct wave cross travel time and the fourth-order direct wave cross travel time;
s6: and determining the correlation coefficient when the fifth order deviation is removed according to the correlation coefficients when the zero order direct wave crosses the travel time, the first order direct wave crosses the travel time, the second order direct wave crosses the travel time, the third order direct wave crosses the travel time, the fourth order direct wave crosses the travel time and the fifth order deviation is removed.
In this embodiment, the zero-order offset time correlation coefficient may be determined by the following formula:
Figure BDA0001647527660000091
wherein, β0Representing the correlation coefficient, τ, at the zero-order offset removal0Representing the zero-order direct wave cross travel time;
the correlation coefficient at the first offset can be determined using the following equation:
Figure BDA0001647527660000092
wherein, β1Representing the correlation coefficient, τ, at the time of said first order offset removal1Representing the first-order direct wave cross travel time;
the second order offset-time correlation coefficient may be determined using the following equation:
Figure BDA0001647527660000093
wherein, β2Representing the correlation coefficient, τ, at the time of said second order offset2Representing the cross travel time of the second-order direct wave;
the third order offset-time correlation coefficient may be determined using the following equation:
Figure BDA0001647527660000094
wherein, β3Representing the correlation coefficient, τ, at the time of said third order offset3Representing the cross travel time of the third-order direct wave;
the correlation coefficient at the time of the fourth order offset may be determined using the following equation:
Figure BDA0001647527660000095
wherein, β4Representing the correlation coefficient, τ, at the time of said fourth order offset removal4Representing the cross travel time of the fourth-order direct wave;
the correlation coefficient at offset of fifth order may be determined using the following equation:
Figure BDA0001647527660000096
wherein, β5Representing the correlation coefficient, τ, at the time of said five-order offset5And representing the cross travel time of the fifth-order direct wave.
Step S103: and determining the travel time of the target seismic waves according to the travel time correlation coefficients and the vertical two-way travel time.
In this embodiment, the following formula may be used to determine the travel time of the target seismic wave:
Figure BDA0001647527660000097
wherein t represents the target seismic travel time, β0、β1、β2、β3、β4And β5Respectively representing a zero-order offset removal correlation coefficient, a first-order offset removal correlation coefficient, a second-order offset removal correlation coefficient, a third-order offset removal correlation coefficient, a fourth-order offset removal correlation coefficient and a fifth-order offset removal correlation coefficient which are included in the plurality of travel time correlation coefficients, t0Representing a corresponding vertical two-way travel time of the first formation medium.
The method for determining the travel time correlation coefficients and the travel time of the target seismic wave is described below by a specific embodiment.
According to the model shown in FIG. 2, there may be
Figure BDA0001647527660000101
Figure BDA0001647527660000102
Figure BDA0001647527660000103
The travel time of a seismic wave from shot S to receiver R can be expressed as:
Figure BDA0001647527660000104
the distance from shot S to interface EF between media 1 and 2 can be expressed as:
Figure BDA0001647527660000105
at the interface, according to snell's law, there may be
Figure BDA0001647527660000106
The ray parameters p can be defined as:
Figure BDA0001647527660000107
then there is
cosθ1＝pV1
sinθ2＝pV2
Figure BDA0001647527660000108
Figure BDA0001647527660000109
Thus, substituting equation (5) into equations (2) and (3) respectively, there are
Figure BDA00016475276600001010
Figure BDA0001647527660000111
Similarly, according to the model shown in FIG. 3, there may also be
Figure BDA0001647527660000112
Figure BDA0001647527660000113
Figure BDA0001647527660000114
The travel time of a seismic wave from shot S to receiver R can also be expressed as:
Figure BDA0001647527660000115
the distance from shot S to the interface between media 1 and 2 can also be expressed as:
d＝2hctgθ1-(x-d)ctgθ1ctgθ2(11)
also at the interface, according to snell's law, there may be
Figure BDA0001647527660000116
The ray parameters p may also be defined as:
Figure BDA0001647527660000117
then there is
sinθ1＝pV1
cosθ2＝pV2
Figure BDA0001647527660000118
Figure BDA0001647527660000119
Thus, substituting equation (12) into equations (10) and (11), respectively, results in
Figure BDA00016475276600001110
Figure BDA00016475276600001111
It can be seen that equation (14) is the same as equation (7) and equation (15) is the same as equation (8), so that both models have the same seismic travel time expression.
Order to
Figure BDA0001647527660000121
Figure BDA0001647527660000122
Figure BDA0001647527660000123
Wherein, t0Representing the corresponding vertical two-way travel time of the first stratum medium in seconds(s), V1Represents the propagation velocity of the first formation medium in meters per second (m/s), V2Representing the propagation velocity of the second formation medium in meters per second (m/s), h representing the thickness of the formation medium in meters (m), tdThe unit of s represents the travel time of the direct wave corresponding to the first stratum medium, and the unit of d represents the distance from the shot point to the interface between the first stratum medium and the second stratum medium, and the unit of m and t isxAnd the unit of the travel time of the direct wave corresponding to the second stratum medium is s, and the unit of x is the distance from the shot point to the wave detection point and is meter.
Thus, the formula (14) and the formula (15) become
Figure BDA0001647527660000124
Figure BDA0001647527660000125
Due to the fact that
Figure BDA0001647527660000126
Figure BDA0001647527660000127
Substituting equations (21) and (22) into equation (20), there are
Figure BDA0001647527660000128
Squaring both sides of the formula (23) with
Figure BDA0001647527660000131
Substituting equations (21) and (22) into equation (19), there are
Figure BDA0001647527660000132
Squaring both sides of the formula (25) has
Figure BDA0001647527660000133
The fourth power of both sides of the formula (25) is
Figure BDA0001647527660000141
The two sides of the formula (25) are hexagonal, have
Figure BDA0001647527660000142
The equation (25) has the power of eight on both sides
Figure BDA0001647527660000143
The formula (25) has the power of ten times on both sides
Figure BDA0001647527660000144
Order to
Figure BDA0001647527660000145
From equations (26) to (31), there are
β0＝(td+tx)2(32)
Figure BDA0001647527660000151
Figure BDA0001647527660000152
Figure BDA0001647527660000153
Figure BDA0001647527660000154
Figure BDA0001647527660000155
Can define the cross travel time tau of the n-order direct wavenComprises the following steps:
Figure BDA0001647527660000161
where n is 0,1,2,3,4,5, when n is 0, τ is added0When n is 1, tau represents the zero order direct wave crossing travel1When n is 2, tau represents the time when the first-order direct wave crosses2Denotes the crossing travel time of the second order direct wave, when n is 3, tau3Represents the crossing travel time of the third-order direct wave, when n is 4, tau4Represents the crossing travel time of the fourth order direct wave, and when n is 5, tau5Representing the cross travel time of the fifth-order direct wave; t is tdRepresenting the time t of the corresponding direct wave travel of the first stratum mediumxRepresenting the time of the direct wave travel corresponding to the second stratum medium, V1Representing the propagation velocity, V, of the first formation medium2Representing the propagation velocity of the second formation medium.
Equations (32) to (37) become:
Figure BDA0001647527660000162
Figure BDA0001647527660000163
Figure BDA0001647527660000164
Figure BDA0001647527660000165
Figure BDA0001647527660000166
Figure BDA0001647527660000167
then, according to the above formula, the following formula can be used to determine the travel time of the target seismic wave:
Figure BDA0001647527660000168
wherein t represents the target seismic travel time, β0、β1、β2、β3、β4And β5Respectively representing a zero-order offset removal correlation coefficient, a first-order offset removal correlation coefficient, a second-order offset removal correlation coefficient, a third-order offset removal correlation coefficient, a fourth-order offset removal correlation coefficient and a fifth-order offset removal correlation coefficient which are included in the plurality of travel time correlation coefficients, t0Representing a corresponding vertical two-way travel time of the first formation medium.
In one embodiment of the present application, the propagation velocity V corresponding to the medium 1 in fig. 2 and 3 is for a laterally homogeneous medium1Propagation velocity V corresponding to medium 22Equal, i.e. V1＝V2(ii) a The distance d from the shot point to the interface between the medium 1 and the medium 2 is equal to the distance x from the shot point to the demodulator probe, so that the corresponding direct travel time of the medium 2 is equal to 0, i.e. txSubstituting 0 into equations (32) to (37), there are
Figure BDA0001647527660000171
β1＝1，β2＝0，β3＝0，β4＝0，β5＝0 (46)
Substituting equation (46) into equation (45) has
Figure BDA0001647527660000172
According to the formula (47), the seismic wave travel time under the condition of the transverse homogeneous medium can be obtained, namely, the calculation formula of the travel time of the transverse homogeneous medium when the formula (45) is completely degraded into the transverse homogeneous medium. Therefore, the lateral shift model and the travel time calculation method in the embodiment of the present application include the lateral uniformity model, which is a generalization of the lateral uniformity model.
To validate the method of the present application, four models were tried for one horizontal layer model of fig. 2:
model 1: v1＝2500，V2＝2000，h＝500，d＝500；
Model 2: v1＝2500，V2＝2000，h＝500，d＝2000；
Model 3: v1＝2000，V2＝2500，h＝500，d＝2000；
Model 4: v1＝2000，V2＝2500，h＝500，d＝500。
Wherein, V1And V2The units are m/s, and the units for h and d are m. The offset distance is in a range of-6250 m, namely x is 12.5 x (k-1), k is-500, -499, -498, …, -1,0,1, …,498,499,500. Fig. 4,5, 6 and 7 are schematic diagrams of seismic wave travel times calculated based on model 1, model 2, model 3 and model 4, respectively, in an embodiment of the present application. Wherein the abscissa and ordinate in fig. 4,5, 6 and 7 are offset and time, respectively, in meters and milliseconds.
In the embodiment of the method for determining the travel time of the seismic wave, the travel time of the direct wave corresponding to the first formation medium, the travel time of the direct wave corresponding to the second formation medium, and the vertical two-way travel time corresponding to the first formation medium may be directly calculated, and the travel time of the target seismic wave may be directly calculated according to the travel time of the direct wave corresponding to the first formation medium and the travel time of the direct wave corresponding to the second formation medium. Therefore, the method can directly calculate the seismic wave travel time without gridding processing aiming at the condition of the transverse speed changing medium, thereby reducing the calculation amount, improving the efficiency of calculating the seismic wave travel time under the condition of the transverse speed changing medium, and further realizing time and depth migration processing, transverse speed changing dynamic correction travel time calculation, speed analysis processing and the like under the transverse speed changing condition of the seismic data before and after the stack. Moreover, the method can also improve the accuracy of calculating the travel time of the seismic waves under the condition of a transverse variable-speed medium.
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram illustrating the components of an embodiment of the apparatus for determining seismic travel time. The device for determining the travel time of the seismic waves provides a speed and depth model of a stratum reflection interface in a target work area; the speed and depth model comprises a first stratum medium and a second stratum medium which are adjacent along the horizontal direction and have different seismic wave propagation speeds, and the thickness of the stratum medium; and a shot point and a wave detection point are respectively arranged above the first stratum medium and the second stratum medium. As shown in fig. 8, the apparatus for determining seismic travel time may include: the system comprises a direct wave travel time determining module 100, a travel time correlation coefficient determining module 200 and a seismic wave travel time determining module 300.
The direct wave travel time determining module 100 may be configured to determine the direct wave travel time corresponding to the first formation medium according to the propagation speed of the first formation medium and the distance from the shot point to the interface between the first formation medium and the second formation medium, determine the direct wave travel time corresponding to the second formation medium according to the propagation speed of the second formation medium, the distance from the shot point to the detection point, and the distance from the shot point to the interface, and determine the vertical two-way travel time corresponding to the first formation medium according to the propagation speed of the first formation medium and the thickness of the formation medium.
The travel time correlation coefficient determining module 200 may be configured to determine a plurality of travel time correlation coefficients based on the travel time of the direct wave corresponding to the first formation medium and the travel time of the direct wave corresponding to the second formation medium, respectively.
The seismic travel time determining module 300 may be configured to determine a target seismic travel time according to the travel time correlation coefficients and the vertical two-way travel time.
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the structure of another embodiment of the apparatus for determining seismic travel time. As shown in fig. 9, the apparatus for determining seismic travel time may include a memory having a velocity and depth model of a formation reflection interface in a target work area stored therein, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory; the speed and depth model comprises a first stratum medium and a second stratum medium which are adjacent along the horizontal direction and have different seismic wave propagation speeds, and the thickness of the stratum medium; a shot point and a demodulator point are respectively arranged above the first formation medium and the second formation medium, and the computer program is executed by the processor to execute the following steps:
step S101: determining the travel time of a direct wave corresponding to the first stratum medium according to the propagation speed of the first stratum medium and the distance from a shot point to an interface between the first stratum medium and the second stratum medium, determining the travel time of the direct wave corresponding to the second stratum medium according to the propagation speed of the second stratum medium, the distance from the shot point to a detection point and the distance from the shot point to the interface, and determining the vertical two-way travel time corresponding to the first stratum medium according to the propagation speed of the first stratum medium and the thickness of the stratum medium;
step S102: respectively determining a plurality of travel time correlation coefficients based on the travel time of the direct wave corresponding to the first stratum medium and the travel time of the direct wave corresponding to the second stratum medium;
step S103: and determining the travel time of the target seismic waves according to the travel time correlation coefficients and the vertical two-way travel time.
The embodiment of the device for determining the travel time of the seismic waves corresponds to the embodiment of the method for determining the travel time of the seismic waves, so that the embodiment of the method for determining the travel time of the seismic waves can be realized, and the technical effect of the embodiment of the method can be obtained.
In the 90 s of the 20 th century, improvements in a technology could clearly distinguish between improvements in hardware (e.g., improvements in circuit structures such as diodes, transistors, switches, etc.) and improvements in software (improvements in process flow). However, as technology advances, many of today's process flow improvements have been seen as direct improvements in hardware circuit architecture. Designers almost always obtain the corresponding hardware circuit structure by programming an improved method flow into the hardware circuit. Thus, it cannot be said that an improvement in the process flow cannot be realized by hardware physical modules. For example, a Programmable Logic Device (PLD), such as a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), is an integrated circuit whose Logic functions are determined by programming the Device by a user. A digital system is "integrated" on a PLD by the designer's own programming without requiring the chip manufacturer to design and fabricate application-specific integrated circuit chips. Furthermore, nowadays, instead of manually making an integrated Circuit chip, such Programming is often implemented by "logic compiler" software, which is similar to a software compiler used in program development and writing, but the original code before compiling is also written by a specific Programming Language, which is called Hardware Description Language (HDL), and HDL is not only one but many, such as abel (advanced Boolean Expression Language), ahdl (alternate Language Description Language), traffic, pl (core unified Programming Language), HDCal, JHDL (Java Hardware Description Language), langue, Lola, HDL, laspam, hardsradware (Hardware Description Language), vhjhd (Hardware Description Language), and vhigh-Language, which are currently used in most popular applications. It will also be apparent to those skilled in the art that hardware circuitry that implements the logical method flows can be readily obtained by merely slightly programming the method flows into an integrated circuit using the hardware description languages described above.
Those skilled in the art will also appreciate that, in addition to implementing the controller as pure computer readable program code, the same functionality can be implemented by logically programming method steps such that the controller is in the form of logic gates, switches, application specific integrated circuits, programmable logic controllers, embedded microcontrollers and the like. Such a controller may thus be considered a hardware component, and the means included therein for performing the various functions may also be considered as a structure within the hardware component. Or even means for performing the functions may be regarded as being both a software module for performing the method and a structure within a hardware component.
The apparatuses and modules illustrated in the above embodiments may be implemented by a computer chip or an entity, or by a product with certain functions.
For convenience of description, the above devices are described as being divided into various modules by functions, and are described separately. Of course, the functionality of the various modules may be implemented in the same one or more software and/or hardware implementations as the present application.
From the above description of the embodiments, it is clear to those skilled in the art that the present application can be implemented by software plus necessary general hardware platform. With this understanding in mind, the present solution, or portions thereof that contribute to the prior art, may be embodied in the form of a software product, which in a typical configuration includes one or more processors (CPUs), input/output interfaces, network interfaces, and memory. The computer software product may include instructions for causing a computing device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to perform the methods described in the various embodiments or portions of embodiments of the present application. The computer software product may be stored in a memory, which may include forms of volatile memory in a computer readable medium, Random Access Memory (RAM) and/or non-volatile memory, such as Read Only Memory (ROM) or flash memory (flash RAM). Memory is an example of a computer-readable medium. Computer-readable media, including both non-transitory and non-transitory, removable and non-removable media, may implement information storage by any method or technology. The information may be computer readable instructions, data structures, modules of a program, or other data. Examples of computer storage media include, but are not limited to, phase change memory (PRAM), Static Random Access Memory (SRAM), Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM), other types of Random Access Memory (RAM), Read Only Memory (ROM), Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other memory technology, compact disc read only memory (CD-ROM), Digital Versatile Discs (DVD) or other optical storage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transmission medium that can be used to store information that can be accessed by a computing device. As defined herein, computer readable media does not include transitory computer readable media (transient media), such as modulated data signals and carrier waves.
The embodiments in the present specification are described in a progressive manner, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from the other embodiments. In particular, as for the apparatus embodiment, since it is substantially similar to the method embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and for the relevant points, reference may be made to the partial description of the method embodiment.
The application is operational with numerous general purpose or special purpose computing system environments or configurations. For example: personal computers, server computers, hand-held or portable devices, tablet-type devices, multiprocessor systems, microprocessor-based systems, set top boxes, programmable consumer electronics, network PCs, minicomputers, mainframe computers, distributed computing environments that include any of the above systems or devices, and the like.
The application may be described in the general context of computer-executable instructions, such as program modules, being executed by a computer. Generally, program modules include routines, programs, objects, components, data structures, etc. that perform particular tasks or implement particular abstract data types. The application may also be practiced in distributed computing environments where tasks are performed by remote processing devices that are linked through a communications network. In a distributed computing environment, program modules may be located in both local and remote computer storage media including memory storage devices.
While the present application has been described with examples, those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that there are numerous variations and permutations of the present application without departing from the spirit of the application, and it is intended that the appended claims encompass such variations and permutations without departing from the spirit of the application.

Claims (5)

1. A method for determining the travel time of seismic waves is characterized in that a speed and depth model of a stratum reflection interface in a target work area is provided; the speed and depth model comprises a first stratum medium and a second stratum medium which are adjacent along the horizontal direction and have different seismic wave propagation speeds, and the thickness of the stratum medium; a shot point is arranged above the first stratum medium, a wave detection point is arranged above the second stratum medium, or a wave detection point is arranged above the first stratum medium, and a shot point is arranged above the second stratum medium; the method comprises the following steps:
determining the travel time of a direct wave corresponding to the first stratum medium according to the propagation speed of the first stratum medium and the distance from a shot point to an interface between the first stratum medium and the second stratum medium, determining the travel time of the direct wave corresponding to the second stratum medium according to the propagation speed of the second stratum medium, the distance from the shot point to a detection point and the distance from the shot point to the interface, and determining the vertical two-way travel time corresponding to the first stratum medium according to the propagation speed of the first stratum medium and the thickness of the stratum medium;
respectively determining a plurality of travel time correlation coefficients based on the travel time of the direct wave corresponding to the first stratum medium and the travel time of the direct wave corresponding to the second stratum medium; wherein, include: respectively determining a plurality of direct wave cross travel times based on the direct wave travel time corresponding to the first stratum medium and the direct wave travel time corresponding to the second stratum medium; respectively determining a plurality of travel time correlation coefficients according to the plurality of direct wave cross travel times; the multiple direct wave cross travel times comprise zero-order direct wave cross travel time, first-order direct wave cross travel time, second-order direct wave cross travel time, third-order direct wave cross travel time, fourth-order direct wave cross travel time and fifth-order direct wave cross travel time; correspondingly, the following formulas are adopted to respectively determine the multiple direct wave cross travel times:
Figure FDA0002376707260000011
wherein, taunRepresents the n-th order direct wave crossing travel time in the multiple direct wave crossing travel times, wherein n is equal to0,1,2,3,4,5, when n is 0, τ0When n is 1, tau represents the zero order direct wave crossing travel1When n is 2, tau represents the time when the first-order direct wave crosses2Denotes the crossing travel time of the second order direct wave, when n is 3, tau3Represents the crossing travel time of the third-order direct wave, when n is 4, tau4Represents the crossing travel time of the fourth order direct wave, and when n is 5, tau5Representing the cross travel time of the fifth-order direct wave; t is tdRepresenting the time t of the corresponding direct wave travel of the first stratum mediumxRepresenting the time of the direct wave travel corresponding to the second stratum medium, V1Representing the propagation velocity, V, of the first formation medium2Representing a propagation velocity of the second formation medium; the plurality of travel time correlation coefficients comprise a zero-order offset removal correlation coefficient, a first-order offset removal correlation coefficient, a second-order offset removal correlation coefficient, a third-order offset removal correlation coefficient, a fourth-order offset removal correlation coefficient and a fifth-order offset removal correlation coefficient; determining the correlation coefficient at the zero-order offset by adopting the following formula:
Figure FDA0002376707260000012
wherein, β0Representing the correlation coefficient, τ, at the zero-order offset removal0Representing the zero-order direct wave cross travel time;
determining the correlation coefficient at the first offset shift by using the following formula:
Figure FDA0002376707260000021
wherein, β1Representing the correlation coefficient, τ, at the time of said first order offset removal1Representing the first-order direct wave cross travel time;
determining the correlation coefficient at the time of the second-order offset by adopting the following formula:
Figure FDA0002376707260000022
wherein, β2Representing the correlation coefficient, τ, at the time of said second order offset2Representing the cross travel time of the second-order direct wave;
determining the correlation coefficient at the time of the third-order offset by adopting the following formula:
Figure FDA0002376707260000023
wherein, β3Representing the correlation coefficient, τ, at the time of said third order offset3Representing the cross travel time of the third-order direct wave;
determining the correlation coefficient at the time of the fourth-order deviation by adopting the following formula:
Figure FDA0002376707260000024
wherein, β4Representing the correlation coefficient, τ, at the time of said fourth order offset removal4Representing the cross travel time of the fourth-order direct wave;
determining the correlation coefficient at the time of the fifth-order deviation by adopting the following formula:
Figure FDA0002376707260000025
wherein, β5Representing the correlation coefficient, τ, at the time of said five-order offset5Representing the cross travel time of the fifth-order direct wave;
determining the travel time of the target seismic waves according to the travel time correlation coefficients and the vertical two-way travel time; wherein, include: determining the travel time of the target seismic wave by adopting the following formula:
Figure FDA0002376707260000026
wherein t represents the target seismic travel time, β0、β1、β2、β3、β4And β5Respectively representing a zero-order offset time-lapse correlation coefficient, a first-order offset time-lapse correlation coefficient, and a second-order offset time-lapse correlation coefficient included in the plurality of travel time correlation coefficients,Correlation coefficient in second order offset removal, correlation coefficient in third order offset removal, correlation coefficient in fourth order offset removal and correlation coefficient in fifth order offset removal, t0Representing a corresponding vertical two-way travel time of the first formation medium.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the vertical two-way travel time for the first formation medium is determined using the following equation:
Figure FDA0002376707260000027
wherein, t0Representing a vertical two-way travel time, V, corresponding to the first formation medium1Representing the propagation velocity of the first formation medium, h representing the thickness of the formation medium.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the direct travel time for the first formation medium is determined using the following equation:
Figure FDA0002376707260000031
wherein, tdRepresenting the time of the corresponding direct wave travel of the first stratum medium, V1Representing the propagation velocity of the first formation medium, and d representing the distance from the shot point to the interface between the first formation medium and the second formation medium.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the direct arrival travel time corresponding to the second formation medium is determined using the following equation:
Figure FDA0002376707260000032
wherein, txRepresenting the time of the direct wave travel corresponding to the second stratum medium, V2Representing the second stratumThe propagation speed of the medium, x represents the distance from the shot point to a demodulator probe, and d represents the distance from the shot point to the interface between the first stratum medium and the second stratum medium.
5. A device for determining the travel time of seismic waves is characterized in that the device provides a speed and depth model of a stratum reflection interface in a target work area; the speed and depth model comprises a first stratum medium and a second stratum medium which are adjacent along the horizontal direction and have different seismic wave propagation speeds, and the thickness of the stratum medium; a shot point is arranged above the first stratum medium, a wave detection point is arranged above the second stratum medium, or a wave detection point is arranged above the first stratum medium, and a shot point is arranged above the second stratum medium; the device comprises: the system comprises a direct wave travel time determining module, a travel time correlation coefficient determining module and a seismic wave travel time determining module; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the direct wave travel time determining module is used for determining the direct wave travel time corresponding to the first stratum medium according to the propagation speed of the first stratum medium and the distance from a shot point to an interface between the first stratum medium and the second stratum medium, determining the direct wave travel time corresponding to the second stratum medium according to the propagation speed of the second stratum medium, the distance from the shot point to a detection point and the distance from the shot point to the interface, and determining the vertical two-way travel time corresponding to the first stratum medium according to the propagation speed of the first stratum medium and the thickness of the stratum medium;
the travel time correlation coefficient determining module is used for respectively determining a plurality of travel time correlation coefficients based on the travel time of the direct arrival wave corresponding to the first stratum medium and the travel time of the direct arrival wave corresponding to the second stratum medium; wherein, include: respectively determining a plurality of direct wave cross travel times based on the direct wave travel time corresponding to the first stratum medium and the direct wave travel time corresponding to the second stratum medium; respectively determining a plurality of travel time correlation coefficients according to the plurality of direct wave cross travel times; the multiple direct wave cross travel times comprise zero-order direct wave cross travel time, first-order direct wave cross travel time, second-order direct wave cross travel time, third-order direct wave cross travel time, fourth-order direct wave cross travel time and fifth-order direct wave cross travel time; correspondingly, the following formulas are adopted to respectively determine the multiple direct wave cross travel times:
Figure FDA0002376707260000041
wherein, taunDenotes the nth order direct wave crossing travel time of the plurality of direct wave crossing travel times, where n is 0,1,2,3,4,5, and τ is the value when n is 00When n is 1, tau represents the zero order direct wave crossing travel1When n is 2, tau represents the time when the first-order direct wave crosses2Denotes the crossing travel time of the second order direct wave, when n is 3, tau3Represents the crossing travel time of the third-order direct wave, when n is 4, tau4Represents the crossing travel time of the fourth order direct wave, and when n is 5, tau5Representing the cross travel time of the fifth-order direct wave; t is tdRepresenting the time t of the corresponding direct wave travel of the first stratum mediumxRepresenting the time of the direct wave travel corresponding to the second stratum medium, V1Representing the propagation velocity, V, of the first formation medium2Representing a propagation velocity of the second formation medium; the plurality of travel time correlation coefficients comprise a zero-order offset removal correlation coefficient, a first-order offset removal correlation coefficient, a second-order offset removal correlation coefficient, a third-order offset removal correlation coefficient, a fourth-order offset removal correlation coefficient and a fifth-order offset removal correlation coefficient; determining the correlation coefficient at the zero-order offset by adopting the following formula:
Figure FDA0002376707260000042
wherein, β0Representing the correlation coefficient, τ, at the zero-order offset removal0Representing the zero-order direct wave cross travel time;
determining the correlation coefficient at the first offset shift by using the following formula:
Figure FDA0002376707260000043
wherein, β1Representing the correlation coefficient, τ, at the time of said first order offset removal1Representing the first-order direct wave cross travel time;
determining the correlation coefficient at the time of the second-order offset by adopting the following formula:
Figure FDA0002376707260000044
wherein, β2Representing the correlation coefficient, τ, at the time of said second order offset2Representing the cross travel time of the second-order direct wave;
determining the correlation coefficient at the time of the third-order offset by adopting the following formula:
Figure FDA0002376707260000045
wherein, β3Representing the correlation coefficient, τ, at the time of said third order offset3Representing the cross travel time of the third-order direct wave;
determining the correlation coefficient at the time of the fourth-order deviation by adopting the following formula:
Figure FDA0002376707260000051
wherein, β4Representing the correlation coefficient, τ, at the time of said fourth order offset removal4Representing the cross travel time of the fourth-order direct wave;
determining the correlation coefficient at the time of the fifth-order deviation by adopting the following formula:
Figure FDA0002376707260000052
wherein, β5Representing the correlation coefficient, τ, at the time of said five-order offset5Representing the cross travel time of the fifth-order direct wave;
the seismic wave travel time determinationThe module is used for determining the travel time of the target seismic waves according to the travel time correlation coefficients and the vertical two-way travel time; wherein, include: determining the travel time of the target seismic wave by adopting the following formula:
Figure FDA0002376707260000053
wherein t represents the target seismic travel time, β0、β1、β2、β3、β4And β5Respectively representing a zero-order offset removal correlation coefficient, a first-order offset removal correlation coefficient, a second-order offset removal correlation coefficient, a third-order offset removal correlation coefficient, a fourth-order offset removal correlation coefficient and a fifth-order offset removal correlation coefficient which are included in the plurality of travel time correlation coefficients, t0Representing a corresponding vertical two-way travel time of the first formation medium.
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