CN108983136A - A kind of waveform calibration method and device - Google Patents
A kind of waveform calibration method and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN108983136A CN108983136A CN201810728336.8A CN201810728336A CN108983136A CN 108983136 A CN108983136 A CN 108983136A CN 201810728336 A CN201810728336 A CN 201810728336A CN 108983136 A CN108983136 A CN 108983136A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R35/00—Testing or calibrating of apparatus covered by the other groups of this subclass
- G01R35/005—Calibrating; Standards or reference devices, e.g. voltage or resistance standards, "golden" references
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of waveform calibration method and device, solve the problems, such as that existing method and device waveform calibration inaccuracy, calibration process have ill-posedness.The method includes: being demarcated using reference waveform display instrument to electric impulse signal, obtains calibration pulse signal；Calibration pulse signal is measured using to school waveform display instrument, obtains measuring signal；According to cyclic convolution theory, the ill posed equation to school waveform display instrument transmission characteristic function is obtained；According to compensating operator, using regularization method, optimal solution is asked to ill posed equation, obtains optimal regularization parameter, calibration result.Described device includes: optical fiber femtosecond laser, photodetector, to school waveform display instrument；The light pulse signal that photodetector reception optical fiber femto-second laser generates generates electric impulse signal；Electric impulse signal is received to school waveform display instrument, is measured.The present invention, which is objectively and accurately realized, realizes the deconvolution of signal in time domain.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to pulse measurement field more particularly to a kind of waveform calibration methods and device.
Background technique
Waveform calibration process in pulse measurement field makes it that can not directly pass through frequency domain phase due to the presence of signal noise
Except the mode of deconvolution obtains stable solution, there is ill-posedness.This ill-posedness is mainly reflected in two aspects, on the one hand,
Due to the limitation of objective condition, i.e., the part Given information of given solution is often the either overdetermination for owing fixed, this will lead to
Solution is not unique or solution is to be not present, and on the other hand, the solution of indirect problem does not often have continuous dependence to input data.
Traditional waveform calibration method for solving filters out signal noise first with filter, then carries out Frequency Domain Deconvolution, but due to noise
Non- intellectual, filter bandwidht can not be selected accurately, artificial to attempt have very big subjectivity, not accurate enough.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of waveform calibration method and device, solves existing method and device waveform calibration inaccuracy, school
Quasi- process has the problem of ill-posedness.
A kind of waveform calibration method comprising the steps of: electric impulse signal is marked using reference waveform display instrument
It is fixed, obtain calibration pulse signal；The calibration pulse signal is measured using to school waveform display instrument, obtains measurement knot
Fruit is to measure signal, and the signal that measures is the calibration pulse signal and the transmission characteristic letter to school waveform display instrument
Several convolution；According to cyclic convolution theory, obtain about the fixed side of the discomfort to school waveform display instrument transmission characteristic function
Journey are as follows:
Y=Acx
Wherein, y measures signal, A to be describedcFor the circular matrix that the calibration pulse signal generates, x is described to school wave
The transmission characteristic function of shape display instrument；According to compensating operator, using Tikhonov regularization method, to the ill posed equation
Optimal solution is sought, obtains optimal regularization parameter, to the calibration result of school waveform display instrument, the calibration result is described optimal
The corresponding transmission characteristic function of regularization parameter.
Preferably, described according to compensating operator, using Tikhonov regularization method, optimal is asked to the ill posed equation
Solution, obtain optimal regularization parameter, to the transmission characteristic of school waveform display instrument calibration result the step of, further include:
According to the Tikhonov regularization method, the Tikhonov functional for obtaining the ill posed equation is square of two norm of residual error
In addition solution two norms square multiplied by regularization parameter square, ask optimal solution to be equivalent to described the ill posed equation
Tikhonov functional is minimized, and the process minimized to the Tikhonov functional is the first equation:
Wherein, λ is the regularization parameter, AcFor the circular matrix that the calibration pulse signal generates, x is described to school wave
The transmission characteristic function of shape display instrument, y measure signal to be described, and L is the compensating operator,
For the Tikhonov functional, | | Acx-y||2For two norm of residual error, | | Lx | |2For two norms of the solution；According to described
The minimum value of Tikhonov regularization method, the Tikhonov functional is the solution of second equation:
Wherein, x (λopt) be the Tikhonov functional minimum value, λoptFor the optimal regularization parameter, AcFor institute
The circular matrix of calibration pulse signal generation is stated, L is the compensating operator, and y measures signal to be described；According to described first,
Two equations, obtaining two norm of residual error and two norms of the solution with the curve that the regularization parameter changes is L-curve；To institute
The curvature derivation of L-curve is stated, the corresponding regularization parameter in the position that derivative is zero is the optimal regularization parameter；By institute
It states optimal regularization parameter and substitutes into the second equation, obtain the calibration result to school waveform display instrument.
Further, the compensating operator is second-order differential operator
Preferably, the reference waveform display instrument is oscillograph, the 86100C of model Agilent company.
Preferably, it is described to school waveform display instrument be oscillograph, the 86117A of model Agilent company.
A kind of waveform calibrating installation includes: optical fiber femtosecond laser, photodetector, to school waveform display instrument；It is described
Optical fiber femtosecond laser is for generating light pulse signal, synchronous triggering signal；The photodetector is for receiving the smooth arteries and veins
Signal is rushed, the electric impulse signal is generated；It is described to be used to receive the synchronous triggering signal, the electricity to school waveform display instrument
Pulse signal measures the electric impulse signal.
Further, described device also includes: attenuator；The attenuator is decayed for receiving the light pulse signal
After export to the photodetector.
Further, described device also includes: computer；The computer is described to school waveform display instrument for receiving
Measurement result, carry out data processing, and to it is described to school waveform display instrument send control signal.
Preferably, the optical fiber femtosecond laser is connect with the attenuator by single-mode polarization maintaining fiber.
Beneficial effect of the present invention includes: that method and apparatus provided by the invention solve discomfort present in waveform calibration calmly
Problem, the method are not limited by the non-intellectual of noise, can be objective compared to the conventional method for using filter to filter out noise
The deconvolution that signal is accurately realized in time domain is stablized, unique solution, it is uncomfortable effectively to solve the calibration of waveform caused by noise
Determine problem.
Detailed description of the invention
The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, constitutes a part of the invention, this hair
Bright illustrative embodiments and their description are used to explain the present invention, and are not constituted improper limitations of the present invention.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is a kind of waveform calibration method flow embodiment；
Fig. 2 is a kind of waveform calibration method flow embodiment comprising regularization process；
Fig. 3 is a kind of waveform calibrating installation embodiment；
Fig. 4 is a kind of waveform calibrating installation embodiment comprising attenuator, computer.
Specific embodiment
To make the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with the specific embodiment of the invention and
Technical solution of the present invention is clearly and completely described in corresponding attached drawing.Obviously, described embodiment is only the present invention one
Section Example, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are not doing
Every other embodiment obtained under the premise of creative work out, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Since the 1960s, in signal processing, remote sensing technology, pattern-recognition, physics life science, material supply section
In numerous science and technology fields such as, hydrodynamics, Industry Control or even economic decision-making, it is proposed " being inputted by output reverse "
The problem of, it is generally called " Inverse Problems in Mathematical Physics ", most of indirect problem is all ill posed, this ill-posedness major embodiment
At two aspects, on the one hand, due to the limitation of objective condition, input data in indirect problem, i.e., the known letter in part of given solution
Breath often owes fixed either overdetermination, this will lead to, and solution is not unique or solution is to be not present, on the other hand, rhetorical question
The solution of topic does not often have continuous dependence to input data, for measurement error inevitable in input data, it is necessary to mention
Out by noisy data negate problem definite meaning lower aprons stable solution method.
The technical solution provided below in conjunction with attached drawing, each embodiment that the present invention will be described in detail.
Fig. 1 is a kind of waveform calibration method flow embodiment, and the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of waveform calibration method process,
It comprises the steps of:
Step 101, electric impulse signal is demarcated using reference waveform display instrument, obtains calibration pulse signal.
In a step 101, the electric impulse signal is known signal, for marking to the reference waveform display instrument
It is fixed.
It should be noted that the reference waveform display instrument can be oscillograph, pulse signal generator can be,
It can be other time domain waveform display instruments, be not specially limited here.For example, the reference waveform display instrument is oscillography
Device, the 86100C or 86118 modules of model Agilent company, working frequency 70GHz, the electric impulse signal are calibrated
It as a result be three dB bandwidth is 70.81GHz.
Step 102, the calibration pulse signal is measured using to school waveform display instrument, obtaining measurement result is
Signal is measured, the signal that measures is the calibration pulse signal and the transmission characteristic function to school waveform display instrument
Convolution.
In a step 102, it should be noted that, it is described to can be oscillograph to school waveform display instrument, can be pulse letter
Number generator, is also possible to other time domain waveform display instruments, is not specially limited here.For example, described show to school waveform
Instrument is oscillograph, the 86117A of model Agilent company, working frequency 50GHz, to the measurement knot of the electric impulse signal
Fruit is that three dB bandwidth is 60.55GHz.
In a step 102, the signal that measures is the calibration pulse signal and the biography to school waveform display instrument
The convolution of defeated characterisitic function, therefore the transmission characteristic function to school waveform display instrument measures signal and the mark to be described
The deconvolution of quasi- pulse signal.
Step 103, it according to cyclic convolution theory, obtains about described to school waveform display instrument transmission characteristic function not
It is suitable to determine equation are as follows:
Y=Acx (1)
Wherein, y measures signal, A to be describedcFor the circular matrix that the calibration pulse signal generates, x is described to school wave
The transmission characteristic function of shape display instrument.
In step 103, the transmission characteristic function to school waveform display instrument is column vector, and the signal that measures is
Column vector.
Step 104, according to compensating operator, using Tikhonov regularization method, optimal solution is asked to the ill posed equation,
Obtain optimal regularization parameter, to the calibration result of school waveform display instrument, the calibration result is the optimal regularization ginseng
The corresponding transmission characteristic function of number.
Further, the compensating operator is second-order differential operatorJust using Tikhonov
Then change method, obtaining optimal regularization parameter is 595.20, and the calibration result is three dB bandwidth 58.27GHz.
Method provided in an embodiment of the present invention solves waveform using regularization method and calibrates ill-posed problem, and the method is not
It is limited by the non-intellectual of noise, can be stablized, unique solution in the deconvolution of time domain realization signal, can be widely used for figure
As classification, image segmentation, image generation, edge detection etc. need the field of deconvolution.
Fig. 2 is a kind of waveform calibration method flow embodiment comprising regularization process, school provided in an embodiment of the present invention
Quasi- method flow includes regularization process, comprising the following steps:
Step 101, electric impulse signal is demarcated using reference waveform display instrument, obtains calibration pulse signal.
Step 102, the calibration pulse signal is measured using to school waveform display instrument, obtaining measurement result is
Signal is measured, the signal that measures is the calibration pulse signal and the transmission characteristic function to school waveform display instrument
Convolution.
Step 103, it according to cyclic convolution theory, obtains about described to school waveform display instrument transmission characteristic function not
It is suitable to determine equation are as follows:
Y=Acx
Wherein, y measures signal, A to be describedcFor the circular matrix that the calibration pulse signal generates, x is described to school wave
The transmission characteristic function of shape display instrument.
Step 105, according to the Tikhonov regularization method, the Tikhonov functional for obtaining the ill posed equation is
Two norm of residual error square plus solution two norms square multiplied by regularization parameter square, optimal is asked to the ill posed equation
Solution is equivalent to minimize to the Tikhonov functional, is first party to the process that the Tikhonov functional is minimized
Journey:
Wherein, λ is the regularization parameter, AcFor the circular matrix that the calibration pulse signal generates, x is described to school wave
The transmission characteristic function of shape display instrument, y measure signal to be described, and L is the compensating operator,
For the Tikhonov functional, | | Acx-y||2For two norm of residual error, | | Lx | |2For two norms of the solution.
It should be noted that compensating operator is second-order differential operator in the embodiment of the present invention
Other compensating operators can also be selected, are not specially limited here.
Step 106, according to the Tikhonov regularization method, the minimum value of the Tikhonov functional is second equation
Solution:
Wherein, x (λopt) be the Tikhonov functional minimum value, λoptFor the optimal regularization parameter, AcFor institute
The circular matrix of calibration pulse signal generation is stated, L is the compensating operator, and y measures signal to be described.
Step 107, according to first, second equation, two norm of residual error is obtained with two norms of the solution with described
The curve of regularization parameter variation is L-curve.
Step 108, to the curvature derivation of the L-curve, the corresponding regularization parameter in the position that derivative is zero is institute
State optimal regularization parameter.
In step 108 kind, curvature derivation to the L-curve, the position that derivative is zero is the maximum curvature position of curve
Set, herein, two norm of residual error with it is described solution two norms and it is minimum, corresponding regularization parameter is the optimal canonical
Change parameter.
Step 109, the optimal regularization parameter is substituted into the second equation, obtained described to school waveform display instrument
Calibration result.
In step 109, the optimal regularization parameter is brought on the right of the equation of the second equation, it is available
The calibration result to school waveform display instrument, i.e., the described time-domain transmission characteristic to school waveform display instrument.
Method provided in an embodiment of the present invention solves ill-posed problem present in waveform calibration, and the method is not made an uproar
The limitation of the non-intellectual of sound can be realized objectively and accurately in time domain and be believed compared to the conventional method for using filter to filter out noise
Number deconvolution, stablized, unique solution, effectively solve waveform caused by noise and calibrate ill-posed problem.
Fig. 3 is a kind of waveform calibrating installation embodiment, and the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of waveform calibrating installation, includes: light
Fine femto-second laser 1, photodetector 2, to school waveform display instrument 3.
The optical fiber femtosecond laser is for generating light pulse signal, synchronous triggering signal；The photodetector is used for
The light pulse signal is received, the electric impulse signal is generated；It is described to be touched to school waveform display instrument for receiving the synchronization
It signals, the electric impulse signal, the electric impulse signal is measured.
Device provided in an embodiment of the present invention is applied to waveform calibration method, can produce high-frequency electric impulse signal,
Higher to working frequency waveform calibration can be realized to school waveform display instrument, effectively solve the calibration of waveform caused by noise not
Well-posed problem.
Fig. 4 is a kind of waveform calibrating installation embodiment comprising attenuator, computer, device provided in an embodiment of the present invention
Comprising attenuator and computer, described device includes: optical fiber femtosecond laser 1, photodetector 2, to school waveform display instrument
3, attenuator 4, computer 5.
The optical fiber femtosecond laser is for generating light pulse signal, synchronous triggering signal；The attenuator is for receiving
The light pulse signal, output is to the photodetector after decaying；The photodetector is for after receiving the decaying
Light pulse signal generates the electric impulse signal；It is described to be used to receive the synchronous triggering signal, institute to school waveform display instrument
Electric impulse signal is stated, the electric impulse signal is measured；The computer is described to school waveform display instrument for receiving
Measurement result, carry out data processing, and to it is described to school waveform display instrument send control signal.
Preferably, the optical fiber femtosecond laser is connect with the attenuator by single-mode polarization maintaining fiber.
It should be noted that being decayed using an attenuator to the output signal of femto-second laser, effectively prevent
The excessive problem of output signal power.
It is adopted it should be noted that the computer can carry out data to the signal to the output of school waveform display instrument
Collection and data processing can also send control signal to school waveform display instrument to described, and control is described to school waveform display instrument
Working condition.
It should be noted that the terms "include", "comprise" or its any other variant are intended to the packet of nonexcludability
Contain, so that the process, method, commodity or the equipment that include a series of elements not only include those elements, but also including
Other elements that are not explicitly listed, or further include for this process, method, commodity or the intrinsic element of equipment.
In the absence of more restrictions, the element limited by sentence "including a ...", it is not excluded that including the element
Process, method, there is also other identical elements in commodity or equipment.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, is not intended to restrict the invention.For those skilled in the art
For, the invention may be variously modified and varied.All any modifications made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are equal
Replacement, improvement etc., should be included within scope of the presently claimed invention.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of waveform calibration method, which is characterized in that comprise the steps of:
Electric impulse signal is demarcated using reference waveform display instrument, obtains calibration pulse signal；
The calibration pulse signal is measured using to school waveform display instrument, obtaining measurement result is to measure signal, institute
State the convolution for measuring that signal is the calibration pulse signal and the transmission characteristic function to school waveform display instrument；
According to cyclic convolution theory, obtain about the ill posed equation to school waveform display instrument transmission characteristic function are as follows:
Y=Acx
Wherein, y measures signal, A to be describedcFor the circular matrix that the calibration pulse signal generates, x is described aobvious to school waveform
Show the transmission characteristic function of instrument；
According to compensating operator, using Tikhonov regularization method, optimal solution is asked to the ill posed equation, obtains optimal canonical
Change parameter, to the calibration result of school waveform display instrument, the calibration result is that the optimal regularization parameter is corresponding described
Transmission characteristic function.
2. waveform calibration method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that it is described according to compensating operator, using Tikhonov
Regularization method seeks optimal solution to the ill posed equation, obtains optimal regularization parameter, to the transmission of school waveform display instrument
It the step of calibration result of characteristic, further includes:
According to the Tikhonov regularization method, the Tikhonov functional for obtaining the ill posed equation is two norm of residual error
Square plus solution two norms square multiplied by regularization parameter square, ask optimal solution to be equivalent to institute the ill posed equation
It states Tikhonov functional to minimize, the process for minimizing to the Tikhonov functional is the first equation:
Wherein, λ is the regularization parameter, AcFor the circular matrix that the calibration pulse signal generates, x is described to school waveform
The transmission characteristic function of display instrument, y measure signal to be described, and L is the compensating operator,
For the Tikhonov functional, | | Acx-y||2For two norm of residual error, | | Lx | |2For two norms of the solution；
According to the Tikhonov regularization method, the minimum value of the Tikhonov functional is the solution of second equation:
Wherein, x (λopt) be the Tikhonov functional minimum value, λoptFor the optimal regularization parameter, AcFor the standard
The circular matrix that pulse signal generates, L are the compensating operator, and y measures signal to be described；
According to first, second equation, obtains two norm of residual error and two norms of the solution become with the regularization parameter
The curve of change is L-curve；
Curvature derivation to the L-curve, the corresponding regularization parameter in the position that derivative is zero are the optimal regularization
Parameter；
The optimal regularization parameter is substituted into the second equation, obtains the calibration result to school waveform display instrument.
3. such as the described in any item waveform calibration methods of claim 1~2, which is characterized in that the compensating operator is two scales
Divide operator
4. waveform calibration method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, which is characterized in that the reference waveform display instrument
For oscillograph, the 86100C of model Agilent company.
5. such as the described in any item waveform calibration methods of Claims 1 to 4, which is characterized in that described to school waveform display instrument
For oscillograph, the 86117A of model Agilent company.
6. a kind of waveform calibrating installation, the method applied to any one of Claims 1 to 5 is, characterized by comprising: light
Fine femto-second laser, photodetector, to school waveform display instrument；
The optical fiber femtosecond laser is for generating light pulse signal, synchronous triggering signal；
The photodetector generates the electric impulse signal for receiving the light pulse signal；
It is described to be used to receive the synchronous triggering signal, the electric impulse signal to school waveform display instrument, to the electric pulse
Signal measures.
7. waveform calibrating installation as claimed in claim 6, which is characterized in that described device also includes: attenuator；
The attenuator is for receiving the light pulse signal, and output is to the photodetector after decaying.
8. such as the described in any item waveform calibrating installations of claim 6~7, which is characterized in that described device also includes: calculating
Machine；
The computer is used to receive the measurement result to school waveform display instrument, carries out data processing, and to it is described to
School waveform display instrument sends control signal.
9. waveform calibrating installation as claimed in claim 7, which is characterized in that the optical fiber femtosecond laser and the attenuator
It is connected by single-mode polarization maintaining fiber.
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| CN103163554A (en) * | 2013-02-04 | 2013-06-19 | 西安交通大学 | Self-adapting wave form retrieval method through utilization of zero offset vertical seismic profile (VSP) data to estimate speed and Q value |
| CN104181479A (en) * | 2013-05-23 | 2014-12-03 | 上海联影医疗科技有限公司 | Eddy current compensation method for magnetic resonance imaging system |
| CN104991269A (en) * | 2015-06-04 | 2015-10-21 | 中国科学技术大学 | Quick full-waveform inversion method for edge guide and structural constraint |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101655542A (en) * | 2009-07-21 | 2010-02-24 | 秦轲 | Method for calibrating digital oscilloscope |
| CN101980039A (en) * | 2010-09-29 | 2011-02-23 | 中国航天科工集团第二研究院二○三所 | Oscilloscope trigger calibration device for radio measuring and testing |
| CN103163554A (en) * | 2013-02-04 | 2013-06-19 | 西安交通大学 | Self-adapting wave form retrieval method through utilization of zero offset vertical seismic profile (VSP) data to estimate speed and Q value |
| CN104181479A (en) * | 2013-05-23 | 2014-12-03 | 上海联影医疗科技有限公司 | Eddy current compensation method for magnetic resonance imaging system |
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