Biomass furnace for aluminum smelting
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of metal processing, in particular to an aluminum smelting biomass furnace.
Background
In order to improve the recovery utilization rate, the residual aluminum scraps produced in the processing of aluminum profile manufacturers are recovered and uniformly sent to a manufacturer for processing aluminum bars by the aluminum scraps to be smelted and recast. In the whole process of recovering and processing aluminum bars by using waste aluminum, three working procedures exist: firstly, recovering waste aluminum; secondly, smelting; thirdly, recasting. The second procedure requires the feeding of scrap aluminum into the smelting furnace for smelting, which is also divided into two steps: 1. feeding; 2. and (4) smelting. The traditional method is as follows: feeding is carried out from a feeding port on the side surface of the smelting furnace, hot gas in the smelting furnace can escape during feeding, and a large amount of heat energy is wasted; a lot of impurities exist in hot gas generated during smelting, and the impurities are rich in combustible substances, are generally extracted through a fan cover and are discharged, so that the environment is polluted and energy is wasted.
There are also some technical schemes about aluminium scrap smelting among the prior art, like a patent that application number CN104165520A discloses, a aluminium scrap smelting furnace, including the furnace body, be provided with combustion chamber and waste heat gasification chamber in the furnace body, wherein the combustion chamber arranges the left lower part in the furnace body, waste heat gasification chamber arranges the right part in the furnace body, be provided with longitudinal partition wall between combustion chamber and the waste heat gasification chamber, be provided with the balanced hole of hot pressure on the longitudinal partition wall, the combustion chamber communicates with the bottom of waste heat gasification chamber, a blast pipe is connected to a cyclone of furnace body left side to the left wall on waste heat gasification chamber upper portion, the feed opening of cyclone's bottom communicates the top of combustion chamber.
The scheme can not enable the fuel to be fully combusted, the used fuel is non-environment-friendly fuel, and meanwhile, the aluminum scrap can not be fully heated in the smelting furnace.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to make up the defects of the prior art, solve the problems that the fuel can not be fully combusted, the used fuel is non-environment-friendly fuel, and the aluminum scrap can not be fully heated in the smelting furnace, and the like, the invention provides a technical scheme which can solve the problems.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: an aluminum smelting biomass furnace comprises a combustion chamber, a feeding hopper, a smoke collecting chamber, an aluminum smelting chamber, a collecting chamber and a carbonization chamber; the two feeding hoppers are arranged on the outer walls of the two sides of the combustion chamber and used for adding biomass fuel; the combustion chamber is arranged outside the aluminum melting chamber and used for combusting biomass fuel, and the smoke collection chamber is arranged above the combustion chamber; the aluminum melting chamber is arranged on the inner side of the combustion chamber and is used for melting aluminum scrap; the top of the smoke collection chamber is provided with an opening, so that smoke can be discharged conveniently; the collecting chamber is arranged below the combustion chamber, is communicated with the combustion chamber and is used for collecting waste residues after combustion, and the outer side of the collecting chamber is a carbonization chamber; the carbonization chamber is positioned outside the collection chamber and below the fuel chamber and is used for carbonizing biomass such as straws, corn cobs and the like. During the operation, biomass fuel adds the combustion chamber from the feeding hopper, produces the aluminium scrap melting that high temperature will melt the aluminium room through the burning, and the residue falls into the collection room after biomass fuel burning simultaneously, utilizes the residue residual temperature to carry out the carbomorphism to biomass material in the carbomorphism room, and the living beings after the carbomorphism become fuel can supply with the combustion chamber and use, and biomass material after the carbomorphism can be more abundant burning, reaches energy utilization's maximize.
Preferably, the combustion chamber comprises a shell, an igniter, a material conveying plate, a first spring, a discharging mechanism, a vibrating mechanism, a supporting block and a connecting shaft; one side of each material conveying plate is installed on the inner wall of the shell and the outer wall of the aluminum melting chamber in a staggered mode, the connecting ends of the material conveying plates are movably connected, and adjacent material conveying plates are connected through a first spring; the vibration mechanism is arranged on the inner wall of the left side of the shell and the inner wall of the bottom of the shell; the discharging mechanism is arranged on the inner wall of the bottom of the shell and is positioned on the right side of the vibrating mechanism; the middle of the connecting shaft is connected with a supporting block, the left side of the connecting shaft is connected with a vibrating mechanism, and the right side of the connecting shaft is connected with a discharging mechanism, so that the linkage of the discharging mechanism and the vibrating mechanism is realized. During the operation, fuel gets into the fuel room and falls into on the fortune flitch, some firearm light fuel, because the fortune flitch is swing joint and uses a spring coupling between two liang, fuel falls on the fortune flitch and produces the vibration, can spread the better even of fuel, the burning is more abundant, the vibration drives the fuel whereabouts step by step simultaneously, residue after the burning falls and unloads to the collecting chamber on shedding mechanism, simultaneously shedding mechanism is owing to there is the residue to fall into and produces the vibration, thereby this vibration drives the vibration mechanism vibration and conveys to the fortune flitch, guarantee when no material adds, the fortune flitch still keeps the vibration, discharge surplus fuel and residue.
Preferably, the aluminum melting chamber comprises a furnace body, a blanking plate, a second spring, a fixed plate, a cylinder, a compression shaft and a stirring rod; one side of the blanking plate is movably connected with the upper part of the inner wall of the furnace body, the middle of the blanking plate is movably connected with a compression shaft, and the right end of the blanking plate is connected with a second spring; one end of the second spring is connected with the blanking plate, and the other end of the second spring is connected with the fixing plate; the compression shaft penetrates through the fixing plate and is connected with the air cylinder; the cylinder is fixed below the fixing plate; the stirring rod is arranged on the cylinder and used for stirring molten aluminum in the furnace body so as to ensure that the molten aluminum is heated uniformly. When the feeding of the aluminum scrap strikes the blanking plate, the blanking plate vibrates to drive the compression shaft to compress the cylinder, so that the stirring rod vibrates up and down to stir the aluminum scrap and the molten aluminum to be uniformly heated, and after the blanking is stopped, compressed gas generated by the vibration of the discharging mechanism of the combustion chamber is transferred into the cylinder to keep the aluminum scrap vibrating for a long time.
Preferably, the smoke-collecting chamber comprises an outer shell and an inner shell; the housing is in contact with the outside air; the inner shell is made of heat collection materials, can absorb heat in smoke and is used for preheating waste aluminum. The flue gas is discharged along the smoke collecting chamber, the heat carried is absorbed by the inner shell, and when the waste aluminum is added, the waste aluminum is preheated preferentially.
Preferably, the discharging mechanism comprises a discharging plate, a long shaft, a first piston cavity, a first piston rod, a fourth spring and a third spring; the left side of the stripper plate is movably connected with the long shaft, the middle of the stripper plate is fixedly provided with a first piston rod, the right side of the stripper plate is connected with a spring, and the stripper plate is obliquely arranged rightwards and is used for facilitating unloading; the long shaft is connected with the left side of the stripper plate at one end, is connected with the right side of the connecting shaft at the other end, and is provided with a fourth spring below the intersection point of the long shaft and the connecting shaft. When the residue falls on the stripper plate, an extrusion force is generated, the first piston rod is compressed to generate compressed gas for the cylinder of the aluminum melting chamber, and meanwhile, the stripper plate is pressed down to drive the long shaft to move up and down, so that the connecting shaft is driven to move up and down to supply vibration energy of the vibration mechanism.
Preferably, the vibration mechanism comprises a second piston cavity, a second piston rod, a fifth spring, a sixth spring and a movable piston rod; one end of the movable piston rod is connected with the long shaft; one end of the sixth spring is connected with the material conveying plate, and the other end of the sixth spring is connected with the second piston rod, so that the compression vibration effect is achieved. The connecting shaft is driven by the discharging mechanism to move up and down to drive the movable piston rod to compress, so that the second piston rod stretches and retracts to drive the material conveying plate to vibrate.
Therefore, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the material conveying plates are movably connected and are connected with one another by the springs, fuel falls on the material conveying plates to generate vibration, the fuel can be well and uniformly spread, the combustion is more sufficient, the vibration drives the fuel to fall step by step, residues after the combustion fall on the discharging mechanism and are discharged to the collecting chamber, the discharging mechanism vibrates due to the residues falling, the vibration drives the vibrating mechanism to vibrate so as to transmit the residues to the material conveying plates, the material conveying plates are guaranteed to keep vibrating when no material is added, the residual fuel and the residues are discharged, and the combustion efficiency of the biomass fuel is improved;
2. according to the biomass fuel, residues after combustion fall into the collecting chamber, the biomass material in the carbonization chamber is carbonized by using the residual temperature of the residues, the carbonized biomass is changed into fuel and can be supplied to the combustion chamber for use, the carbonized biomass material can be more fully combusted, and the maximization of energy utilization is achieved;
3. when the waste aluminum is added, the waste aluminum can impact the blanking plate, the blanking plate vibrates to drive the compression shaft to compress the cylinder, so that the stirring rod vibrates up and down to stir the waste aluminum and the molten aluminum to be uniformly heated, after blanking is stopped, compressed gas generated by vibration of the discharging mechanism of the combustion chamber can be transmitted into the cylinder to keep long-term vibration, the waste aluminum is uniformly heated in the heating and melting process, and the melting efficiency is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front view of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a partial enlarged view of I in fig. 1.
In the figure: the device comprises a combustion chamber 1, a feeding hopper 2, a smoke collecting chamber 3, an aluminum melting chamber 4, a collecting chamber 5, a carbonization chamber 6, a shell 11, an igniter 12, a material conveying plate 13, a first spring 14, a discharging mechanism 15, a vibrating mechanism 16, a supporting block 17, a connecting shaft 18, a furnace body 41, a discharging plate 42, a second spring 43, a fixing plate 44, a cylinder 45, a compression shaft 46, a stirring rod 47, an outer shell 31, an inner shell 32, a discharging plate 151, a long shaft 152, a first piston cavity 153, a first piston rod 154, a fourth spring 155, a third spring 156, a second piston cavity 161, a second piston rod 162, a fifth spring 163, a sixth spring 164 and a movable piston rod 165.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 to 2, the invention relates to an aluminum smelting biomass furnace, which comprises a combustion chamber 1, a feeding hopper 2, a smoke collecting chamber 3, an aluminum smelting chamber 4, a collecting chamber 5 and a carbonization chamber 6; the two feeding hoppers 2 are arranged on the outer walls of the two sides of the combustion chamber 1 and used for adding biomass fuel; the combustion chamber 1 is arranged outside the aluminum melting chamber 4 and used for combusting biomass fuel, and the smoke collection chamber 3 is arranged above the combustion chamber 1; the aluminum melting chamber 4 is arranged on the inner side of the combustion chamber 1 and is used for melting aluminum scrap; the top of the smoke collecting chamber 3 is provided with an opening, so that smoke can be discharged conveniently; the collecting chamber 5 is arranged below the combustion chamber 1, is communicated with the combustion chamber 1 and is used for collecting waste residues after combustion, and the outer side of the collecting chamber 5 is provided with a carbonization chamber 6; the carbonization chamber 6 is positioned outside the collection chamber 5 and below the fuel chamber and is used for carbonizing biomass such as straws, corn cobs and the like. During the operation, biomass fuel adds combustion chamber 1 from feeding hopper 2, produces high temperature through the burning and will melt the aluminium scrap melting of aluminium melting chamber 4, and the residue falls into collection chamber 5 after biomass fuel burns simultaneously, utilizes residue residual temperature to carry out the carbomorphism to biomass material in carbomorphism chamber 6, and the living beings after the carbomorphism become fuel can supply with combustion chamber 1 and use, and biomass material after the carbomorphism can be more abundant burning, reaches energy utilization's maximize.
The invention is taken as an implementation mode, the combustion chamber 1 comprises a shell 11, an igniter 12, a material conveying plate 13, a first spring 14, a discharging mechanism 15, a vibrating mechanism 16, a supporting block 17 and a connecting shaft 18; one side of each material conveying plate 13 is installed on the inner wall of the shell 11 and the outer wall of the aluminum melting chamber 4 in a staggered mode, the connecting ends of the material conveying plates 13 are movably connected, and adjacent material conveying plates 13 are connected through a first spring 14; the vibration mechanism 16 is arranged on the inner wall of the left side of the shell 11 and the inner wall of the bottom of the shell 11; the discharging mechanism 15 is arranged on the inner wall of the bottom of the shell 11, and the discharging mechanism 15 is positioned on the right side of the vibrating mechanism 16; the middle of the connecting shaft 18 is connected with a supporting block 17, the left side of the connecting shaft 18 is connected with a vibrating mechanism 16, and the right side of the connecting shaft 18 is connected with a discharging mechanism 15, so that the linkage of the discharging mechanism 15 and the vibrating mechanism 16 is realized. During the operation, fuel gets into the fuel room and falls into on fortune flitch 13, some firearm 12 lights the fuel, because fortune flitch 13 is swing joint and connects with spring 14 between two liang, the fuel falls on fortune flitch 13 and produces the vibration, can spread the better even of fuel, the burning is more abundant, the vibration drives the fuel and falls down step by step simultaneously, residue after the burning falls on shedding mechanism 15 and unloads to collecting chamber 5, shedding mechanism 15 is owing to there is the residue to fall into and produces the vibration simultaneously, thereby this vibration drives vibration mechanism 16 vibration and conveys to fortune flitch 13, guarantee when no material adds, fortune flitch 13 still keeps vibrating, discharge surplus fuel and residue.
The aluminum melting chamber 4 comprises a furnace body 41, a blanking plate 42, a second spring 43, a fixed plate 44, a cylinder 45, a compression shaft 46 and a stirring rod 47; one side of the blanking plate 42 is movably connected with the upper part of the inner wall of the furnace body 41, the middle of the blanking plate 42 is movably connected with a compression shaft 46, and the right end of the blanking plate 42 is connected with a second spring 43; one end of the second spring 43 is connected with the blanking plate 42, and the other end is connected with the fixing plate 44; the compression shaft 46 passes through the fixing plate 44 and is connected with the cylinder 45; the cylinder 45 is fixed below the fixing plate 44; the stirring rod 47 is arranged on the cylinder 45 and is used for stirring the molten aluminum in the furnace body 41 so as to heat the molten aluminum uniformly. When the feeding of the aluminum scrap impacts the blanking plate 42, the blanking plate 42 vibrates to drive the compression shaft 46 to compress the cylinder 45, so that the stirring rod 47 vibrates up and down to stir the aluminum scrap and the molten aluminum to be heated uniformly, and after the blanking is stopped, the compressed gas generated by the vibration of the discharging mechanism 15 of the combustion chamber 1 is transmitted into the cylinder 45 to keep the long-term vibration.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the smoke collecting chamber 3 comprises an outer shell 31 and an inner shell 32; the housing 31 is in contact with the outside air; the inner shell 32 is made of heat collecting material, can absorb heat in the flue gas, and is used for preheating the waste aluminum. The flue gas is discharged along smoke collecting chamber 3, and the heat of bringing is absorbed by inner shell 32, when aluminium scrap adds, preheats it preferentially.
As an embodiment of the present invention, the discharging mechanism 15 includes a discharging plate 151, a long shaft 152, a first piston cavity 153, a first piston rod 154, a fourth spring 155, and a third spring 156; the left side of the discharging plate 151 is movably connected with a long shaft 152, a first piston rod 154 is fixed in the middle of the discharging plate, a spring is connected to the right side of the discharging plate 151, and the discharging plate 151 is obliquely arranged rightwards and used for facilitating discharging; one end of the long shaft 152 is connected with the left side of the discharging plate 151, the other end of the long shaft 152 is connected with the right side of the connecting shaft 18, and a fourth spring 155 is arranged below the intersection point of the long shaft 152 and the connecting shaft 18. When the residue falls on the discharging plate 151, an extrusion force is generated, the first piston rod 154 is compressed to generate compressed gas for the cylinder 45 of the aluminum melting chamber 4, and simultaneously, the discharging plate 151 is pressed downwards to drive the long shaft 152 to move up and down, thereby driving the connecting shaft 18 to move up and down and supplying vibration energy for the vibration mechanism 16.
As an embodiment of the present invention, the vibration mechanism 16 includes a second piston cavity 161, a second piston rod 162, a fifth spring 163, a sixth spring 164, and a movable piston rod 165; one end of the movable piston rod 165 is connected with the long shaft 152; one end of the sixth spring 164 is connected with the material conveying plate 13, and the other end of the sixth spring is connected with the second piston rod 162, so that the compression vibration effect is achieved. The connecting shaft 18 moves up and down under the driving of the discharging mechanism 15, and drives the movable piston rod 165 to compress, so that the second piston rod 162 extends and retracts, and the function of driving the material conveying plate 13 to vibrate is achieved.
When the biomass fuel is operated, the biomass fuel is added into the combustion chamber 1 from the feeding hopper 2, the fuel enters the fuel chamber and falls onto the material conveying plate 13, the igniter 12 ignites the fuel, the material conveying plate 13 is movably connected and is connected with each other by the first spring 14, the fuel falls onto the material conveying plate 13 to generate vibration, the fuel can be better and uniformly spread, the combustion is more sufficient, the vibration drives the fuel to fall step by step, the combusted residues fall onto the discharging mechanism 15 and are discharged to the collecting chamber 5, when the residues fall onto the discharging plate 151, extrusion force is generated, the first piston rod 154 is compressed to generate compressed gas for the cylinder 45 of the aluminum melting chamber 4, the discharging plate 151 is pressed downwards to drive the long shaft 152 to move upwards and downwards, so as to drive the connecting shaft 18 to move upwards and downwards, the movable piston rod 165 is driven to compress, so that the second piston rod 162 stretches out and draws back, thereby achieving the function of driving the material conveying, when no material is added, the material conveying plate 13 still keeps vibrating, and residual fuel and residues are discharged. Waste aluminum is added into the aluminum melting chamber 4 and can impact the blanking plate 42, the blanking plate 42 vibrates to drive the compression shaft 46 to compress the cylinder 45, so that the stirring rod 47 vibrates up and down to stir the waste aluminum and the molten aluminum to be heated uniformly, after blanking is stopped, compressed gas generated by vibration of the discharging mechanism 15 of the combustion chamber 1 can be transmitted into the cylinder 45 to keep long-term vibration, high temperature is generated by combustion to melt the waste aluminum in the aluminum melting chamber 4, meanwhile, residues after biomass fuel is combusted fall into the collecting chamber 5, biomass materials in the carbonization chamber 6 are carbonized by using the residual temperature, the carbonized biomass is changed into fuel and can be supplied to the combustion chamber 1 for use, the carbonized biomass materials can be combusted more fully, and the maximization of energy utilization is achieved.
The foregoing illustrates and describes the principles, general features, and advantages of the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.