CN108976176A - 3,3 '-diamino -4, the thinning method of 4 '-azoxy furazan explosive crystals - Google Patents

3,3 '-diamino -4, the thinning method of 4 '-azoxy furazan explosive crystals Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108976176A
CN108976176A CN201811062528.6A CN201811062528A CN108976176A CN 108976176 A CN108976176 A CN 108976176A CN 201811062528 A CN201811062528 A CN 201811062528A CN 108976176 A CN108976176 A CN 108976176A
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daoaf
solution
diamino
solvent
thinning method
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CN201811062528.6A
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索志荣
姚笑璐
黄明
张勇
谭明
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Southwest University of Science and Technology
Institute of Chemical Material of CAEP
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Southwest University of Science and Technology
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D271/00Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having two nitrogen atoms and one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atoms
    • C07D271/02Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having two nitrogen atoms and one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atoms not condensed with other rings
    • C07D271/081,2,5-Oxadiazoles; Hydrogenated 1,2,5-oxadiazoles

Abstract

The present invention relates to energetic material field, especially 3,3 '-diamino -4, the thinning methods of 4 '-azoxy furazan explosive crystals.The thinning method is the following steps are included: (1) will form DAOAF solution after raw material DAOAF and dimethyl sulfoxide DMSO ultrasonic dissolution, and DAOAF solution is poured into atomizer;(2) nitrogen pressurization is opened, DAOAF solution is formed into small droplet by atomizer and when non-solvent contacts, DAOAF particle is precipitated in crystallization rapidly under the action of ultrasonic agitation;(3) it will filter, and be dried in vacuo after DAOAF particle stirring ultrasound;(4) DAOAF after recrystallization is carried out to carry out granularity and morphology characterization using laser particle analyzer and scanning electron microscope SEM.The present invention is passed through using injection anti-solvent method fast eliminating solvent, while further being smashed using stirring and ultrasound, is easier to realize the efficient refinement of DAOAF crystal grain.DAOAF will have preferable development prospect with originating in medicine, high energy composite explosives and high-energy solid propellant in Slapper detonator after refinement.

Description

3,3 '-diamino -4, the thinning method of 4 '-azoxy furazan explosive crystals
Technical field
The present invention relates to energetic material field, especially 3,3 '-diamino -4,4 '-azoxy furazan explosive crystals Thinning method.
Background technique
Slapper detonator for nuclear weapon is the ignition tool with high-performance, high safety.Slapper detonator is with originating Medicine should have the characteristics that sensitivity is lower, service performance is good, detonation threshold value is low, detonation energy is high and thermostability is good.3,3'- diamino Base -4,4'- azoxy furazan (DAOAF) is Typical Representative substance in furazan class explosive.But DAOAF rubs to insensitiveness is hit It is insensitive with electrostatic spark.In recent years, both at home and abroad to RDX (ring trimethylene/trintriamine, popular name hexogen), HMX, HNS (six Nitro late-maturing) and the multicharges such as TATB (- three amido benzene of trinitro-) carry out the control of pattern and granularity.But it there is no both at home and abroad so far The relevant report controlled about DAOAF pattern and granularity.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is in order to solve existing DAOAF to shock insensitiveness, friction and electrostatic spark Insensitive deficiency, the present invention provides a kind of 3,3 '-diamino -4, the thinning method of 4 '-azoxy furazan explosive crystals, By further smashing using injection anti-solvent method fast eliminating solvent, while using stirring and ultrasound, it is easier to realize that DAOAF is brilliant The efficient refinement of body particle.This method is easy to operate, and equipment easily obtains, and the DAOAF of different-grain diameter can be obtained by different operation Crystal, so that preferably control obtains the crystal of the different-grain diameter of DAOAF.DAOAF after refinement has preferable particle shape, grain Diameter range is between 500nm to 1 μm.Crystal purity is greater than 99.6%.Meanwhile DAOAF is special as a kind of comprehensive comparison Energetic material.DAOAF is in Slapper detonator with originate in medicine, high energy composite explosives and high-energy solid propellant will tool after refinement There is preferable development prospect.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problems is:
A kind of 3,3 '-diamino -4, the thinning method of 4 '-azoxy furazan explosive crystals, comprising the following steps:
(1) DAOAF solution will be formed after raw material DAOAF and dimethyl sulfoxide DMSO ultrasonic dissolution, and DAOAF solution is fallen Enter atomizer;
(2) nitrogen pressurization is opened, DAOAF solution is formed into small droplet by atomizer and when non-solvent contacts, super DAOAF particle is precipitated in crystallization rapidly under the action of sound stirring;
(3) it will filter, and be dried in vacuo after DAOAF particle stirring ultrasound;
(4) DAOAF after recrystallization is carried out to carry out granularity and shape using laser particle analyzer and scanning electron microscope SEM Looks characterization.
Specifically, the DAOAF solution concentration is 3%.
Specifically, the atomizer bore is 0.8mm or 1mm or 1.2mm.
Specifically, the nitrogen pressure is 0.4~0.6MPa.
Specifically, the ratio of the DAOAF solution and non-solvent is 1:40.
Specifically, the non-solvent is deionized water.
Specifically, it is 450r/min that speed, which is mixed, in the DAOAF solution and non-solvent.
Specifically, the DAOAF solution and non-solvent mixing time are 45min, and non-solvent temperature is 10 degrees Celsius.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the present invention provides a kind of 3,3 '-diamino -4,4 '-azoxy furazan explosives The thinning method of crystal, by further being smashed using injection anti-solvent method fast eliminating solvent, while using stirring and ultrasound, It is easier to realize the efficient refinement of DAOAF crystal grain.This method is easy to operate, and equipment easily obtains, and can be obtained by different operation The DAOAF crystal of different-grain diameter, so that preferably control obtains the crystal of the different-grain diameter of DAOAF.DAOAF after refinement have compared with Good particle shape, particle size range is in 50nm between 200nm.Crystal purity is greater than 98.5%.Meanwhile DAOAF is as a kind of The special energetic material of comprehensive comparison.DAOAF is in Slapper detonator with originating medicine, high energy composite explosives and high energy after refinement There to be preferable development prospect in solid propellant.
Detailed description of the invention
Present invention will be further explained below with reference to the attached drawings and examples.
Fig. 1 is DAOAF feed particles distribution map of the invention;
Fig. 2 is the distribution of particles figure of DAOAF crystal after refinement of the invention;
Fig. 3 is the XRD diagram of DAOAF after refinement of the invention;
Specific embodiment
In conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the present invention is further explained in detail.
Fig. 1 is DAOAF feed particles distribution map of the invention, and Fig. 2 is the particle point of DAOAF crystal after refinement of the invention Butut, Fig. 3 are the XRD diagram of DAOAF after refinement of the invention.
A kind of 3,3 '-diamino -4, the thinning method of 4 '-azoxy furazan explosive crystals, comprising the following steps:
(1) DAOAF solution will be formed after raw material DAOAF and dimethyl sulfoxide DMSO ultrasonic dissolution, and DAOAF solution is fallen Enter atomizer;
(2) nitrogen pressurization is opened, DAOAF solution is formed into small droplet by atomizer and when non-solvent contacts, super DAOAF particle is precipitated in crystallization rapidly under the action of sound stirring;
(3) it will filter, and be dried in vacuo after DAOAF particle stirring ultrasound;
(4) DAOAF after recrystallization is carried out to carry out granularity and shape using laser particle analyzer and scanning electron microscope SEM Looks characterization.
The DAOAF solution concentration is 3%.The atomizer bore is 0.8mm or 1mm or 1.2mm.The nitrogen pressure It is by force 0.4~0.6MPa.The ratio of the DAOAF solution and non-solvent is 1:40.The non-solvent is deionized water.It is described It is 450r/min that speed, which is mixed, in DAOAF solution and non-solvent.The DAOAF solution is with non-solvent mixing time 45min, non-solvent temperature are 10 degrees Celsius.
Detecting instrument:
1. field emission scanning electron microscope;
2. laser particle analyzer;
3. high performance liquid chromatograph.
Embodiment one:
Raw material DAOAF is dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide DMSO first, it is super according to the ratio of DAOAF (g) 3:DMSO (ml) 11 Sound is until be completely dissolved into DAOAF solution, and DAOAF solution is poured into the atomizer that diameter is 0.8mm.
Then it opens nitrogen to pressurize, pressure value 0.6MPa makes DAOAF solution form small droplet by atomizer Contacted with non-solvent deionized water, rapidly crystallization be precipitated DAOAF particle, while ultrasound and with the mixing speed of 450r/min stirring 45min.Last filtering vacuum is dry.Laser particle analyzer and SEM is recycled to carry out granularity and pattern table to the DAOAF after recrystallization Sign.
Embodiment two:
It raw material DAOAF and will be dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide DMSO first, extremely according to the stirring of DAOAF (g) 3:DMSO (ml) 11 It is completely dissolved into DAOAF solution, and DAOAF solution is poured into the atomizer that diameter is 1mm.
Then open nitrogen pressurize, pressure value 0.6MPa, make DAOAF solution by atomizer formed droplet with Deionized water contact, ultrasound simultaneously stir 45min with the mixing speed of 450r/min.Finally DAOAF particle and drying is precipitated in crystallization. The advanced instrument and equipments such as scanning electron microscope, laser particle size analysis are recycled to be analyzed and characterized.
Embodiment two:
It raw material DAOAF and will be dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide DMSO first, extremely according to the stirring of DAOAF (g) 3:DMSO (ml) 11 It is completely dissolved into DAOAF solution, and DAOAF solution is poured into the atomizer that diameter is 1.2mm.
Then open nitrogen pressurize, pressure value 0.6MPa, make DAOAF solution by atomizer formed droplet with Deionized water contact, ultrasound simultaneously stir 45min with the mixing speed of 450r/min.Finally DAOAF particle and drying is precipitated in crystallization. The advanced instrument and equipments such as scanning electron microscope, laser particle size analysis are recycled to be analyzed and characterized.
Example IV:
It raw material DAOAF and will be dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide DMSO first, extremely according to the stirring of DAOAF (g) 3:DMSO (ml) 11 It is completely dissolved into DAOAF solution, and DAOAF solution is poured into the atomizer that diameter is 0.8mm.
Then open nitrogen pressurize, pressure value 0.4MPa, make DAOAF solution by atomizer formed droplet with Deionized water contact, ultrasound simultaneously stir 45min with the mixing speed of 450r/min.Finally DAOAF particle and drying is precipitated in crystallization. The advanced instrument and equipments such as scanning electron microscope, laser particle size analysis are recycled to be analyzed and characterized.
Embodiment five:
It raw material DAOAF and will be dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide DMSO first, extremely according to the stirring of DAOAF (g) 3:DMSO (ml) 11 It is completely dissolved into DAOAF solution, and DAOAF solution is poured into the atomizer that diameter is 1mm.
Then open nitrogen pressurize, pressure value 0.4MPa, make DAOAF solution by atomizer formed droplet with Deionized water contact, ultrasound simultaneously stir 45min with the mixing speed of 450r/min.Finally DAOAF particle and drying is precipitated in crystallization. The advanced instrument and equipments such as scanning electron microscope, laser particle size analysis are recycled to be analyzed and characterized.
Embodiment six:
It raw material DAOAF and will be dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide DMSO first, extremely according to the stirring of DAOAF (g) 3:DMSO (ml) 11 It is completely dissolved into DAOAF solution, and DAOAF solution is poured into the atomizer that diameter is 1.2mm.
Then open nitrogen pressurize, pressure value 0.6MPa, make DAOAF solution by atomizer formed droplet with Deionized water contact, ultrasound simultaneously stir 45min with the mixing speed of 450r/min.Finally DAOAF particle and drying is precipitated in crystallization. The advanced instrument and equipments such as scanning electron microscope, laser particle size analysis are recycled to be analyzed and characterized.
Embodiment seven:
It raw material DAOAF and will be dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide DMSO first, extremely according to the stirring of DAOAF (g) 3:DMSO (ml) 11 It is completely dissolved into DAOAF solution, and DAOAF solution is poured into the atomizer that diameter is 0.8mm.
Then open nitrogen pressurize, pressure value 0.6MPa, make DAOAF solution by atomizer formed droplet with Deionized water contact stirs 45min without using the mode of ultrasound with the mixing speed of 450r/min.Finally DAOAF is precipitated in crystallization Particle and drying.The advanced instrument and equipments such as scanning electron microscope, laser particle size analysis are recycled to be analyzed and characterized.
Embodiment eight:
It is formed after DAOAF and DMSO is carried out ultrasonic dissolution according to the ratio of DAOAF (g) 3:DMSO (ml) 11 first DAOAF solution, and DAOAF solution is poured into the atomizer that diameter is 0.8mm.
Then open nitrogen pressurize, pressure value 0.6MPa, make DAOAF solution by atomizer formed droplet with Deionized water contact, only ultrasound does not stir and finally crystallizes precipitation DAOAF particle and drying.Recycle scanning electron microscope, laser particle size The advanced instrument and equipments such as analysis are analyzed and characterized.
Embodiment nine:
It is formed after DAOAF and DMSO is carried out ultrasonic dissolution according to the ratio of DAOAF (g) 3:DMSO (ml) 11 first DAOAF solution, and DAOAF solution is poured into the atomizer that diameter is 0.8mm.
Then open nitrogen pressurize, pressure value 0.6MPa, make DAOAF solution by atomizer formed droplet with Deionized water contact, ultrasound simultaneously finally crystallize precipitation DAOAF particle and drying with the mixing speed of 50r/min stirring 45min.. The advanced instrument and equipments such as scanning electron microscope, laser particle size analysis are recycled to be analyzed and characterized.
Embodiment ten:
It is formed after DAOAF and DMSO is carried out ultrasonic dissolution according to the ratio of DAOAF (g) 3:DMSO (ml) 11 first DAOAF solution, and DAOAF solution is poured into the atomizer that diameter is 0.8mm.
Then open nitrogen pressurize, pressure value 0.6MPa, make DAOAF solution by atomizer formed droplet with Deionized water contact, ultrasound simultaneously finally crystallize precipitation DAOAF particle and drying with the mixing speed of 200r/min stirring 45min.. The advanced instrument and equipments such as scanning electron microscope, laser particle size analysis are recycled to be analyzed and characterized.
Embodiment 11:
It is formed after DAOAF and DMSO is carried out ultrasonic dissolution according to the ratio of DAOAF (g) 3:DMSO (ml) 11 first DAOAF solution, and DAOAF solution is poured into the atomizer that diameter is 0.8mm.
Then open nitrogen pressurize, pressure value 0.6MPa, make DAOAF solution by atomizer formed droplet with Deionized water contact, ultrasound simultaneously finally crystallize precipitation DAOAF particle and drying with the mixing speed of 450r/min stirring 10min.. The advanced instrument and equipments such as scanning electron microscope, laser particle size analysis are recycled to be analyzed and characterized.
Taking the above-mentioned ideal embodiment according to the present invention as inspiration, through the above description, relevant staff is complete Various changes and amendments can be carried out without departing from the scope of the technological thought of the present invention' entirely.The technology of this invention Property range is not limited to the contents of the specification, it is necessary to which the technical scope thereof is determined according to the scope of the claim.
The shape appearance figure and DAOAF raw material phase of DAOAF crystal grain after refinement are made using the method for embodiment 1 by the present invention Than.Raw material DAOAF crystal grain size distribution is uneven and the equal disunity of form, the crystal morphology of the DAOAF after refinement have occurred It is apparent to change.By anti-solvent method DAOAF is recrystallized first, while being beaten by crystal under the action of ultrasound and stirring Broken, formation particle is uniformly dispersed and the preferable crystal grain of form.
In conjunction with shown in attached drawing 1 and attached drawing 2, respectively raw material DAOAF and refinement after DAOAF crystal distribution of particles figure.From It can be seen that raw material DAOAF granule crystal size is larger in figure, average grain diameter is about for 182.528nm or so.And it uses and implements The partial size that method in example 1 obtains after refining DAOAF obviously becomes smaller, and average grain diameter is about for 108.213nm or so.
Attached drawing 2 and attached drawing 3 respectively indicate the XRD diagram of DAOAF after raw material DAOAF and refinement.As can be seen from the figure it refines Front and back crystalline form is consistent.
The chemical purity of refinement front and back DAOAF crystal is analyzed using the method for high performance liquid chromatography, respectively 97.74% and 97.35%.Illustrate that still there is high chemical purity using the DAOAF crystal of this method refinement.It can satisfy use It is required that.

Claims (8)

1. 3,3 '-diamino -4 of one kind, the thinning method of 4 '-azoxy furazan explosive crystals, which is characterized in that including with Lower step:
(1) DAOAF solution will be formed after raw material DAOAF and dimethyl sulfoxide DMSO ultrasonic dissolution, and DAOAF solution is poured into mist Change spray head;
(2) nitrogen pressurization is opened, DAOAF solution is formed into small droplet by atomizer and when non-solvent contacts, is stirred in ultrasound DAOAF particle is precipitated in crystallization rapidly under the action of mixing;
(3) it will filter, and be dried in vacuo after DAOAF particle stirring ultrasound;
(4) DAOAF after recrystallization is carried out to carry out granularity and pattern table using laser particle analyzer and scanning electron microscope SEM Sign.
2. according to claim 13,3 '-diamino -4, the thinning method of 4 '-azoxy furazan explosive crystals, Be characterized in that: the concentration of the DAOAF solution is 3%.
3. according to claim 13,3 '-diamino -4, the thinning method of 4 '-azoxy furazan explosive crystals, Be characterized in that: the atomizer bore is 0.8mm or 1mm or 1.2mm.
4. according to claim 13,3 '-diamino -4, the thinning method of 4 '-azoxy furazan explosive crystals, Be characterized in that: the nitrogen pressure is 0.4 ~ 0.6MPa.
5. according to claim 13,3 '-diamino -4, the thinning method of 4 '-azoxy furazan explosive crystals, Be characterized in that: the ratio of the DAOAF solution and non-solvent is 1:40.
6. 3,3 '-diamino -4 according to claim 1 or 5, the thinning method of 4 '-azoxy furazan explosive crystals, It is characterized by: the non-solvent is deionized water.
7. according to claim 13,3 '-diamino -4, the thinning method of 4 '-azoxy furazan explosive crystals, Be characterized in that: speed is mixed as 450r/min in the DAOAF solution and non-solvent.
8. according to claim 13,3 '-diamino -4, the thinning method of 4 '-azoxy furazan explosive crystals, Be characterized in that: the DAOAF solution is 45min with non-solvent mixing time, and non-solvent temperature is 10 degrees Celsius.
CN201811062528.6A 2018-09-12 2018-09-12 3,3 '-diamino -4, the thinning method of 4 '-azoxy furazan explosive crystals Pending CN108976176A (en)

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CN109776444A (en) * 2019-03-11 2019-05-21 中国工程物理研究院化工材料研究所 Method based on natural subsidence process preparation high dispersive DAAF nano-powder
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