CN108976078A - The charcoal organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof of cadmium in a kind of adsorbable soil - Google Patents
The charcoal organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof of cadmium in a kind of adsorbable soil Download PDFInfo
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- CN108976078A CN108976078A CN201810867428.4A CN201810867428A CN108976078A CN 108976078 A CN108976078 A CN 108976078A CN 201810867428 A CN201810867428 A CN 201810867428A CN 108976078 A CN108976078 A CN 108976078A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D9/00—Other inorganic fertilisers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of charcoal organic fertilizers and preparation method thereof of cadmium in adsorbable soil.The charcoal organic fertilizer includes following component: animal excretion, microbe additive, culture medium, bacteria residue and charcoal；The charcoal includes following components plant fiber, paraffin, dextrin and white sugar；The plant fiber is seed fiber, wood fibre or bark fiber；The content of organic matter >=42% in the charcoal organic fertilizer.On the one hand the present invention reduces the content of heavy metal cadmium in organic fertilizer by the suction-operated of microbial fermentation, charcoal, be passivated heavy metal-polluted soil, on the one hand increase soil fertility, obtain it is a kind of can long term deactivation heavy metal in soil cadmium efficient organic fertilizer.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to organic fertilizer technical fields, organic more particularly, to a kind of charcoal of cadmium in adsorbable soil
Fertilizer and preparation method thereof.
Background technique
Recently as greatly developing for industry, a large amount of industrial wastes, especially factory nearby waste water, exhaust gas are produced
Discharge leads to serious pollution of the neighboring area soil by heavy metal.Heavy metal pollution of soil have concealment, chronicity, can not
Inverse property and pollutant in the soil poor mobility, the residence time is long, the characteristics of cannot being degraded by microorganisms, and can be through water, plant
Equal media finally influence human health.
Since early 20th century finds cadmium, the yield of cadmium increases year by year.Cadmium is widely used in electroplating industry, chemical industry, electronics
The fields such as industry and nuclear industry.Cadmium is used in battery, dyestuff or plastic cement stabilizer, it is easier to be inhaled by crops than other heavy metals
It is attached.A considerable amount of cadmiums are discharged into environment by exhaust gas, waste water, waste residue, pollute.Aluminium metallurgy factory is nearby and its lower wind direction area is native
It is very high containing cadmium concentration in earth, cause soil to fall into disuse.The accumulation of waste residue containing cadmium, makes the compound of cadmium enter soil and water body.Phosphate fertilizer
It is big to apply wide and amount, so, in the long run, the cadmium in soil, crop and food from phosphate fertilizer and certain pesticides may
It can be more than the cadmium from other pollution sources.
Meanwhile the developing stage of scale, industrialization, large-scale cultivation production process have been stepped into the development of Animal Husbandry in China
The middle a large amount of wastes of discharge, currently, the discharge of Pollution from livestock and poultry object has occupied first of national emphasis disposal of pollutants field.Due to cultivation
Pursuit of the change and businessman of mode to interests, some heavy metal elements are widely used in feed addictive, and herding counterweight
The absorption rate of metal is extremely low, has entered in feces of livestock and poultry mostly, and therefore, the heavy metal pollution problem of feces of livestock and poultry becomes
Extremely serious, investigation shows that the elements such as heavy metal cadmium are generally more than discharge standard in feces of livestock and poultry, utilizes animal excretion preparation
Although organic fertilizer can supplement nutrition needed for crops, heavy metal also is brought to soil to a certain extent.
Media also repeatedly report that the serious exceeded event of cadmium occurs in more ground rice, bring tremendous influence to agricultural and sideline work enterprise.
The heavy metals such as the cadmium in soil can not natural decomposition, heavy metal in soil amount is higher, into higher in crops.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to serious for cadmium pollution in existing soil, the organic fertilizer of animal excretion preparation
The easily defect of aggravation soil heavy metal pollution, provides a kind of charcoal organic fertilizer of cadmium in adsorbable soil.
A present invention also technical problems to be solved are to provide the system of the charcoal organic fertilizer of cadmium in the adsorbable soil
Preparation Method.
Above-mentioned purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
The charcoal organic fertilizer of cadmium includes following component in a kind of adsorbable soil: animal excretion, microbe additive, training
Support base, bacteria residue and charcoal；The charcoal includes following components plant fiber, paraffin, dextrin and white sugar；The plant fiber
For one of seed fiber, bark fiber, wood fibre；The content of organic matter >=42% in the charcoal organic fertilizer.
Paraffin facilitates in plant fiber pressing process to be formed, meanwhile, in carbonization process, formed since paraffin is discharged
A large amount of hole is conducive to the adsorption capacity for improving product；By the way that white sugar and dextrin, the adhesive property energy of white sugar and dextrin is added
Enough promote fiber blocking, improves the intensity of charcoal, meanwhile, after white sugar charing, it is able to ascend the ability of product adion, is pasted
After essence charing, it is also beneficial to the promotion of adsorption capacity.
Charcoal, which enters soil, can not only increase soil fertility, because its honeycomb particulate becomes the storage of moisture and fertilizer
Library can persistently improve soil quality, promote it as black earth.
Further, the charcoal organic fertilizer includes following composition by weight: 100 parts of animal excretion, microbe additive
0.5~10 part, 15~30 parts of culture medium, 10~20 parts of bacteria residue and 30~45 parts of charcoal；Plant fiber, stone in the charcoal
The mass parts ratio of wax, dextrin and white sugar is 100:1~3:1~3:1~3.
Preferably, the charcoal organic fertilizer includes following composition by weight: 100 parts of animal excretion, microbe additive 4~
6 parts, 18~24 parts of culture medium, 12~18 parts of bacteria residue and 35~40 parts of charcoal；Plant fiber, paraffin, paste in the charcoal
Essence and the mass parts ratio of white sugar are 100:2:2:2.
Further, the microbe additive are as follows: decomposing agent and EM microbial bacterial agent, aspergillus niger microbial inoculum, withered grass gemma
One or more of bacillus, lactobacillus plantarum；
Preferably, the microbe additive is decomposing agent and EM microbial bacterial agent.
Further, the plant fiber is papaya seed fiber, cotton fiber, bombax cotton, coir fibre, oak bark
One or more of fiber, Oak Tree fiber, pine cellulosic, pine tree hide fiber.
Further, every liter of component of the culture medium is as follows: beef extract 3.0g, peptone 10.0g, sodium chloride 5.0g, fine jade
15~25g of rouge, water are settled to 1 liter, and pH is 7.4~7.6.
Further, the charcoal organic fertilizer specifically includes following preparation step:
S1. plant fiber is crushed, drying, then is uniformly mixed with paraffin, dextrin and white sugar, be pressed into fiber block, be put into
Vacuum carbonized processing is carried out in carbonizing apparatus, obtains charcoal；
S2. microbe additive and culture medium are uniformly mixed, are stood, obtain microorganism fluid fertilizer；
S3. score weighs charcoal grinding and sieving made from animal excretion, bacteria residue and step S1, mixing respectively by weight
Uniformly, it puts into fermentation vat, and the fertilizer of microorganism fluid made from step S2 is added, be sealed by fermentation, obtain fermentation material；
S4. it is filled with fresh air into fermentation material obtained by step S3, makes temperature control at 55~64 DEG C, throwing is turned over, wait ferment
Material cooling, moisture content reduce, and end is fermented up to charcoal organic fertilizer wet feed；
S5. charcoal organic fertilizer wet feed obtained by step S3 pelletized, be drying to obtain charcoal organic fertilizer.
Further, fiber block density described in step S1 is 0.5~1.2Kg/m3, the plant fiber moisture content after drying
It is 8~15%.
Further, time of repose described in step S2 is 1~2h；Fermentation temperature described in step S3 is 30~50 DEG C,
Fermentation material moisture content is 55~65%,
Preferably, fermentation temperature described in step S3 is 48 DEG C, and fermentation material moisture content is 60%.
Further, the sealing and fermenting time described in step S3 is 16~30 days；Preferably, the sealing and fermenting time is
21 days.
Further, turning over described in step S4 and throwing number is every 7 days 1 time, and the fermentation material cooling temperature is for 30 DEG C hereinafter, institute
It states fermentation material moisture content and is reduced to 22~31%.
The invention has the following advantages:
The invention by will seed fiber, bark fiber or wood fibre height charing after formed have it is more
The high adsorption charcoal of big small holes, the biological carbon surface negative electricity that seed fiber, bark fiber or wood fibre are prepared
The ion exchange of the ionization proton of electrostatic interaction, metal cation and activated carbon surface between lotus easily make cadmium ion with
Minerals or functional group's effect on charcoal generate precipitating or complex compound, to be passivated cadmium.
Meanwhile the charcoal for being prepared into seed fiber, bark fiber or wood fibre is added in organic fertilizer, passes through biology
Charcoal macropore and aperture coordinative role have powerful absorption and filter capacity to heavy metal, the complex compound etc. in organic fertilizer, thus
The heavy metal being passivated in animal excretion improves heavy metal pollution of soil, prevents heavy metal pollution crops.
Heavy metal in soil mainly exists with the higher ionic state of activity, is easily accessible in plant, by charcoal
It is added in organic fertilizer on the one hand, charcoal adsorbs heavy metal, on the other hand, promotes the heavy metal of soil intermediate ion state blunt
Change, heavy metal forms complex state, it is not easy to enter in plant, substantially reduce the content of heavy metal in crops.
Preparation method of the present invention makes full use of animal excretion, turns waste into wealth, environmentally protective, and simple process is stablized, at
This lower, mild condition is suitble to the large-scale production of charcoal industrialization.
Specific embodiment
Further illustrate the present invention below in conjunction with specific embodiment, but embodiment the present invention is not done it is any type of
It limits.Unless stated otherwise, the present invention uses reagent, method and apparatus is the art conventional reagents, method and apparatus.
Unless stated otherwise, following embodiment agents useful for same and material are commercially available.
The preparation of 1 charcoal organic fertilizer of embodiment includes following preparation step:
S1. 100 parts of papaya seed fibers being crushed, being dried to moisture content is 12%, then with 2 parts of paraffin, 2 parts of dextrin and
2 parts of white sugar are uniformly mixed, and being pressed into density is 0.8Kg/m3Fiber block, be put into carbonizing apparatus under conditions of 250 DEG C into
Row vacuum carbonized is handled 10 hours, obtains charcoal；
S2. by microbe additive 0.5 part (0.25 part of 0.25 part of decomposing agent and EM microbial bacterial agent) and 15 parts of culture mediums
It is uniformly mixed, stands 1h, obtain microorganism fluid fertilizer；
S3. score weighs made from 100 parts of animal excretions, 10 parts of bacteria residues and step S1 30 parts of biology powdered carbon respectively by weight
Grinding and sieving is uniformly mixed, and is put into fermentation vat, and the fertilizer of microorganism fluid made from step S2 is added, under the conditions of 50 DEG C
It is sealed by fermentation 16 days, obtains the fermentation material that moisture content is 55%；
S4. it is filled with fresh air into fermentation material obtained by step S3, makes temperature control at 55 DEG C, turns within every 7 days throwing 1 time, to
Fermentation material is cooled to 30 DEG C hereinafter, fermentation material moisture content is reduced to 31%, and end is fermented up to charcoal organic fertilizer wet feed；
S5. charcoal organic fertilizer wet feed obtained by step S3 pelletized, be drying to obtain charcoal organic fertilizer.
The preparation of 2 charcoal organic fertilizer of embodiment includes following preparation step:
S1. 100 parts of papaya seed fibers being crushed, being dried to moisture content is 12%, then with 2 parts of paraffin, 2 parts of dextrin and
2 parts of white sugar are uniformly mixed, and being pressed into density is 0.8Kg/m3Fiber block, be put into carbonizing apparatus under conditions of 250 DEG C into
Row vacuum carbonized is handled 10 hours, obtains charcoal；
S2. 4 parts of microbe additive (2 parts of 2 parts of decomposing agent and EM microbial bacterial agent) and 18 parts of culture mediums are uniformly mixed,
1.5h is stood, microorganism fluid fertilizer is obtained；
S3. score weighs made from 100 parts of animal excretions, 12 parts of bacteria residues and step S1 35 parts of biology powdered carbon respectively by weight
Grinding and sieving is uniformly mixed, and is put into fermentation vat, and the fertilizer of microorganism fluid made from step S2 is added, under the conditions of 48 DEG C
It is sealed by fermentation 21 days, obtains the fermentation material that moisture content is 58%；
S4. it is filled with fresh air into fermentation material obtained by step S3, makes temperature control at 55~64 DEG C, turns over throwing 1 within every 7 days
It is secondary, 30 DEG C are cooled to hereinafter, fermentation material moisture content is reduced to 24% to fermentation material, and end is fermented wet up to charcoal organic fertilizer
Material；
S5. charcoal organic fertilizer wet feed obtained by step S3 pelletized, be drying to obtain charcoal organic fertilizer.
The preparation of 3 charcoal organic fertilizer of embodiment includes following preparation step:
S1. 100 parts of papaya seed fibers being crushed, being dried to moisture content is 12%, then with 2 parts of paraffin, 2 parts of dextrin and
2 parts of white sugar are uniformly mixed, and being pressed into density is 0.8Kg/m3Fiber block, be put into carbonizing apparatus under conditions of 250 DEG C into
Row vacuum carbonized is handled 10 hours, obtains charcoal；
S2. 5 parts of microbe additive (2.5 parts of 2.5 parts of decomposing agent and EM microbial bacterial agent) and 20 parts of culture mediums are mixed
Uniformly, 1.5h is stood, microorganism fluid fertilizer is obtained；
S3. score weighs made from 100 parts of animal excretions, 14 parts of bacteria residues and step S1 38 parts of biology powdered carbon respectively by weight
Grinding and sieving is uniformly mixed, and is put into fermentation vat, and the fertilizer of microorganism fluid made from step S2 is added, under the conditions of 48 DEG C
It is sealed by fermentation 21 days, obtains the fermentation material that moisture content is 60%；
S4. it is filled with fresh air into fermentation material obtained by step S3, makes temperature control at 55~64 DEG C, turns over throwing 1 within every 7 days
It is secondary, 30 DEG C are cooled to hereinafter, fermentation material moisture content is reduced to 28% to fermentation material, and end is fermented wet up to charcoal organic fertilizer
Material；
S5. charcoal organic fertilizer wet feed obtained by step S3 pelletized, be drying to obtain charcoal organic fertilizer.
The preparation of 4 charcoal organic fertilizer of embodiment includes following preparation step:
S1. 100 parts of papaya seed fibers being crushed, being dried to moisture content is 12%, then with 2 parts of paraffin, 2 parts of dextrin and
2 parts of white sugar are uniformly mixed, and being pressed into density is 0.8Kg/m3Fiber block, be put into carbonizing apparatus under conditions of 250 DEG C into
Row vacuum carbonized is handled 10 hours, obtains charcoal；
S2. microbe additive 6 (3 parts of 3 parts of decomposing agent and EM microbial bacterial agent) and 24 parts of culture mediums are uniformly mixed, it is quiet
1.5h is set, microorganism fluid fertilizer is obtained；
S3. score weighs made from 100 parts of animal excretions, 18 parts of bacteria residues and step S1 40 parts of biology powdered carbon respectively by weight
Grinding and sieving is uniformly mixed, and is put into fermentation vat, and the fertilizer of microorganism fluid made from step S2 is added, under the conditions of 48 DEG C
It is sealed by fermentation 21 days, obtains the fermentation material that moisture content is 61%；
S4. it is filled with fresh air into fermentation material obtained by step S3, makes temperature control at 55~64 DEG C, turns over throwing 1 within every 7 days
It is secondary, 30 DEG C are cooled to hereinafter, fermentation material moisture content is reduced to 28% to fermentation material, and end is fermented wet up to charcoal organic fertilizer
Material；
S5. charcoal organic fertilizer wet feed obtained by step S3 pelletized, be drying to obtain charcoal organic fertilizer.
The preparation of 5 charcoal organic fertilizer of embodiment includes following preparation step:
S1. 100 parts of papaya seed fibers being crushed, being dried to moisture content is 12%, then with 2 parts of paraffin, 2 parts of dextrin and
2 parts of white sugar are uniformly mixed, and being pressed into density is 0.8Kg/m3Fiber block, be put into carbonizing apparatus under conditions of 250 DEG C into
Row vacuum carbonized is handled 10 hours, obtains charcoal；
S2. microbe additive 10 (5 parts of 5 parts of decomposing agent and EM microbial bacterial agent) and 30 parts of culture mediums are uniformly mixed,
2h is stood, microorganism fluid fertilizer is obtained；
S3. score weighs biology powdered carbon made from 100 parts of animal excretions, 10~20 parts of bacteria residues and step S1 respectively by weight
40 parts of grinding and sievings are uniformly mixed, and are put into fermentation vat, and the fertilizer of microorganism fluid made from step S2 is added, in 30 DEG C of items
It is sealed by fermentation 30 days under part, obtains the fermentation material that moisture content is 65%；
S4. it is filled with fresh air into fermentation material obtained by step S3, makes temperature control at 64 DEG C, turns within every 7 days throwing 1 time, to
Fermentation material is cooled to 30 DEG C hereinafter, fermentation material moisture content is reduced to 22%, and end is fermented up to charcoal organic fertilizer wet feed；
S5. charcoal organic fertilizer wet feed obtained by step S3 pelletized, be drying to obtain charcoal organic fertilizer.
The preparation of 1 organic fertilizer of comparative example includes following preparation step:
S1. 5 parts of microbe additive (2.5 parts of 2.5 parts of decomposing agent and EM microbial bacterial agent) and 20 parts of culture mediums are mixed
Uniformly, 1.5h is stood, microorganism fluid fertilizer is obtained；
S2. score weighs 100 parts of animal excretions, 14 parts of bacteria residue grinding and sievings respectively by weight, is uniformly mixed, investment hair
In ferment pond, and the fertilizer of microorganism fluid made from step S1 is added, is sealed by fermentation 21 days under the conditions of 48 DEG C, obtaining moisture content is
60% fermentation material；
S3. it is filled with fresh air into fermentation material obtained by step S3, makes temperature control at 55~64 DEG C, turns over throwing 1 within every 7 days
It is secondary, 30 DEG C are cooled to hereinafter, fermentation material moisture content is reduced to 28% to fermentation material, and end is fermented wet up to charcoal organic fertilizer
Material；
S4. charcoal organic fertilizer wet feed obtained by step S3 pelletized, be drying to obtain charcoal organic fertilizer.
The preparation of 2 charcoal organic fertilizer of comparative example
S1. 100 parts of rice straw fibers being crushed, being dried to moisture content is 12%, then with 2 parts of paraffin, 2 parts of dextrin and 2
Part white sugar is uniformly mixed, and being pressed into density is 0.8Kg/m3Fiber block, be put into carbonizing apparatus and carried out under conditions of 250 DEG C
Vacuum carbonized is handled 10 hours, obtains charcoal；
S2. 5 parts of microbe additive (2.5 parts of 2.5 parts of decomposing agent and EM microbial bacterial agent) and 20 parts of culture mediums are mixed
Uniformly, 1.5h is stood, microorganism fluid fertilizer is obtained；
S3. score weighs made from 100 parts of animal excretions, 14 parts of bacteria residues and step S1 38 parts of biology powdered carbon respectively by weight
Sieving after broken, is uniformly mixed, and puts into fermentation vat, and the fertilizer of microorganism fluid made from step S2 is added, close under the conditions of 48 DEG C
Seal ferment 21 days, obtain the fermentation material that moisture content is 60%；
S4. it is filled with fresh air into fermentation material obtained by step S3, makes temperature control at 55~64 DEG C, turns over throwing 1 within every 7 days
It is secondary, 30 DEG C are cooled to hereinafter, fermentation material moisture content is reduced to 28% to fermentation material, and end is fermented wet up to charcoal organic fertilizer
Material；
S5. charcoal organic fertilizer wet feed obtained by step S3 pelletized, be drying to obtain charcoal organic fertilizer.
The preparation of 3 charcoal organic fertilizer of comparative example
S1. 100 parts of papaya seed fibers being crushed, being dried to moisture content is 12%, then with 5 parts of paraffin, 5 parts of dextrin and
5 parts of white sugar are uniformly mixed, and being pressed into density is 0.8Kg/m3Fiber block, be put into carbonizing apparatus under conditions of 250 DEG C into
Row vacuum carbonized is handled 10 hours, obtains charcoal；
S2. 5 parts of microbe additive (2.5 parts of 2.5 parts of decomposing agent and EM microbial bacterial agent) and 20 parts of culture mediums are mixed
Uniformly, 1.5h is stood, microorganism fluid fertilizer is obtained；
S3. score weighs made from 100 parts of animal excretions, 14 parts of bacteria residues and step S1 38 parts of biology powdered carbon respectively by weight
Sieving after broken, is uniformly mixed, and puts into fermentation vat, and the fertilizer of microorganism fluid made from step S2 is added, close under the conditions of 60 DEG C
Seal ferment 14 days, obtain the fermentation material that moisture content is 60%；
S4. it is filled with fresh air into fermentation material obtained by step S3, makes temperature control at 55~64 DEG C, turns over throwing 1 within every 7 days
It is secondary, 30 DEG C are cooled to hereinafter, fermentation material moisture content is reduced to 28% to fermentation material, and end is fermented wet up to charcoal organic fertilizer
Material；
S5. charcoal organic fertilizer wet feed obtained by step S3 pelletized, be drying to obtain charcoal organic fertilizer.
The preparation of 4 charcoal organic fertilizer of comparative example
S1. 100 parts of papaya seed fibers being crushed, being dried to moisture content is 12%, then with 2 parts of paraffin, 2 parts of dextrin and
2 parts of white sugar are uniformly mixed, and being pressed into density is 1.2Kg/m3Fiber block, be put into carbonizing apparatus under conditions of 250 DEG C into
Row vacuum carbonized is handled 10 hours, obtains charcoal；
S2. 5 parts and 15 parts culture mediums of decomposing agent are uniformly mixed, stand 1.5h, obtain microorganism fluid fertilizer；
S3. score weighs made from 100 parts of animal excretions, 8 parts of bacteria residues and step S1 20 parts of biology powdered carbon respectively by weight
Sieving after broken, is uniformly mixed, and puts into fermentation vat, and the fertilizer of microorganism fluid made from step S2 is added, close under the conditions of 60 DEG C
Seal ferment 14 days, obtain the fermentation material that moisture content is 60%；
S4. it is filled with fresh air into fermentation material obtained by step S3, makes temperature control at 55~64 DEG C, turns over throwing 1 within every 7 days
It is secondary, 30 DEG C are cooled to hereinafter, fermentation material moisture content is reduced to 28% to fermentation material, and end is fermented wet up to charcoal organic fertilizer
Material；
S5. charcoal organic fertilizer wet feed obtained by step S3 pelletized, be drying to obtain charcoal organic fertilizer.
To the charcoal organic fertilizer prepared in above embodiments and comparative example by using inductively coupled plasma body atom
Emission spectrographic determination (Optima 5300DV type spectrometer) heavy metal cadmium content, data are as shown in table 1.It is prepared by the present invention
Cadmium content is significantly lower than comparative example in charcoal organic fertilizer.
Content of beary metal detects in 1 organic fertilizer of table
Application test
To verify the charcoal organic fertilizer prepared by the present invention actual effect that large-scale demonstration is applied on rice, application
Person selects has carried out experiment and demonstration on Rice Cropping base.
1 materials and methods
1.1 are located in paddy base for examination place 1, and 4.5 mu of testing ground area, soil fertility level is more uniform.
1.2 for studying 1 rice of object, seeding row spacing 0.2m*0.2m, the growing way golden mean of the Confucian school and consistent.
1.3 it is each for examination place correspond to 1 test process, each test process area be 0.5 mu, share 9 tests
Processing:
1. testing 1 group: the charcoal organic fertilizer of embodiment 1 of rice cultivation children preemergence application preparation, each 20kg/
Mu.
2. testing 2 groups: the charcoal organic fertilizer of embodiment 2 of rice cultivation children preemergence application preparation, each 20kg/
Mu.
3. testing 3 groups: the charcoal organic fertilizer of embodiment 1 of rice cultivation children preemergence application preparation, each 20kg/
Mu.
4. testing 4 groups: the charcoal organic fertilizer of embodiment 1 of rice cultivation children preemergence application preparation, each 20kg/
Mu.
5. testing 5 groups: the charcoal organic fertilizer of embodiment 1 of rice cultivation children preemergence application preparation, each 20kg/
Mu.
6. compareing 1 group: the charcoal organic fertilizer of comparative example 1 of rice cultivation children preemergence application preparation, each 20kg/
Mu, the same processing of other measures of fertilizer is 1..
7. compareing 2 groups: the charcoal organic fertilizer of comparative example 2 of rice cultivation children preemergence application preparation, other apply fertilizer
The same processing of measure is 1..
8. compareing 3 groups: the charcoal organic fertilizer of comparative example 3 of rice cultivation children preemergence application preparation, other apply fertilizer
The same processing of measure is 1..
9. compareing 4 groups: the charcoal organic fertilizer of comparative example 4 of rice cultivation children preemergence application preparation, other apply fertilizer
The same processing of measure is 1..
Experimental group and control group are managed by local conventional cultivation technology.Test it is each processing with every 0.5 mu for cell,
Management is consistent.2 results and analysis
Soil after applying fertilizer in use above test is detected, each test group randomly selects 5 point detections, each
Point extracts 1kg soil and is detected；Standard soil is unmanured local soil, by using inductively coupled plasma body atom
Emission spectrographic determination (Optima 5300DV type spectrometer) heavy metal in soil content is detected, and standard soil is not apply
Heavy metal content in soil before fertilizer, the results are shown in Table 2.Charcoal organic fertilizer prepared by the present invention is applied in farmland can be significant
The content of soil heavy metal cadmium is reduced, compared to the organic fertilizer used in comparative example, metal passivation effect is obvious.
2 heavy metal in soil content detection of table
Detailed process equipment and process flow of the invention that the present invention is explained by the above embodiments, but the present invention is not
It is confined to above-mentioned detailed process equipment and process flow, that is, does not mean that the present invention must rely on above-mentioned detailed process equipment and work
Skill process could be implemented.It should be clear to those skilled in the art, any improvement in the present invention, to product of the present invention
The equivalence replacement of each raw material and addition, the selection of concrete mode of auxiliary element etc., all fall within protection scope of the present invention and public affairs
Within the scope of opening.
Claims (10)
1. the charcoal organic fertilizer of cadmium in a kind of adsorbable soil, which is characterized in that the charcoal organic fertilizer includes with the following group
Part: animal excretion, microbe additive, culture medium, bacteria residue and charcoal；The charcoal include following components plant fiber,
Paraffin, dextrin and white sugar；The plant fiber is one or more of seed fiber, bark fiber and wood fibre；It is described
The content of organic matter >=42% in charcoal organic fertilizer.
2. charcoal organic fertilizer according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the charcoal organic fertilizer includes following weight
Component: 100 parts of animal excretion, 0.5 ~ 10 part of microbe additive, 15 ~ 30 parts of culture medium, 10 ~ 20 parts of bacteria residue and charcoal 30 ~
45 parts；Plant fiber in the charcoal, paraffin, dextrin and white sugar mass parts ratio be 100:1 ~ 3:1 ~ 3:1 ~ 3.
3. charcoal organic fertilizer according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the charcoal organic fertilizer includes following weight
Component: 100 parts of animal excretion, 4 ~ 6 parts of microbe additive, 18 ~ 24 parts of culture medium, 12 ~ 18 parts of bacteria residue and charcoal 35 ~ 40
Part；Plant fiber in the charcoal, paraffin, dextrin and white sugar mass parts ratio be 100:2:2:2.
4. described in any item charcoal organic fertilizers according to claim 1 ~ 3, which is characterized in that the microbe additive are as follows:
One or more of decomposing agent and EM microbial bacterial agent, aspergillus niger microbial inoculum, bacillus subtilis, lactobacillus plantarum；It is preferred that rotten
Ripe dose and EM microbial bacterial agent.
5. described in any item charcoal organic fertilizers according to claim 1 ~ 3, which is characterized in that every liter of component of the culture medium is such as
Under: beef extract 3.0g, peptone 10.0g, sodium chloride 5.0g, 15 ~ 25g of agar, water are settled to 1 liter, and pH is 7.4 ~ 7.6.
6. the preparation method of the described in any item charcoal organic fertilizers of claim 1 ~ 3, which is characterized in that walked including following preparation
It is rapid:
S1. plant fiber is crushed, drying, then is uniformly mixed with paraffin, dextrin and white sugar, be pressed into fiber block, be put into charing
Vacuum carbonized processing is carried out in device, obtains charcoal；
S2. microbe additive and culture medium are uniformly mixed, are stood, obtain microorganism fluid fertilizer；
S3. score weighs charcoal grinding and sieving made from animal excretion, bacteria residue and step S1 respectively by weight, and mixing is equal
It is even, it puts into fermentation vat, and the fertilizer of microorganism fluid made from step S2 is added, is sealed by fermentation, obtains fermentation material；
S4. it is filled with fresh air into fermentation material obtained by step S3, makes temperature control at 55~64 DEG C, turn over throwing, is dropped to fermentation material
Temperature, moisture content reduce, and end is fermented up to charcoal organic fertilizer wet feed；
S5. charcoal organic fertilizer wet feed obtained by step S3 pelletized, be drying to obtain charcoal organic fertilizer.
7. the preparation method of charcoal organic fertilizer according to claim 6, which is characterized in that fiber block described in step S1
Density is 0.5 ~ 1.2Kg/m3, the plant fiber moisture content after drying is 8 ~ 15%.
8. the preparation method of charcoal organic fertilizer according to claim 6, which is characterized in that when being stood described in step S2
Between be 1 ~ 2h；Fermentation temperature described in step S3 is 30 ~ 50 DEG C, and fermentation material moisture content is 55 ~ 65%, it is preferable that the fermentation temperature
Degree is 48 DEG C, and fermentation material moisture content is 60%.
9. the preparation method of charcoal organic fertilizer according to claim 6, which is characterized in that seal hair described in step S3
The ferment time is 16 ~ 30 days；Preferably, the sealing and fermenting time is 21 days.
10. the preparation method of charcoal organic fertilizer according to claim 6, which is characterized in that turn over throwing time described in step S4
Number is every 7 days 1 time, and the fermentation material cooling temperature is 30 DEG C hereinafter, the fermentation material moisture content is reduced to 22 ~ 31%.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111718870A (en) * | 2020-06-11 | 2020-09-29 | 齐鲁工业大学 | Functional strain capable of reducing heavy metal content of vegetables and improving quality of vegetables and application |
| US11124461B2 (en) | 2019-07-04 | 2021-09-21 | Incitec Pivot Limited | Fertilizer |
| CN115490559A (en) * | 2022-07-13 | 2022-12-20 | 安徽理工大学 | Fermented fertilizer based on livestock and poultry manure and straw and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN115636708A (en) * | 2022-10-10 | 2023-01-24 | 陈非 | Method for preventing cadmium adsorption in soil improvement by using nano biological organic fertilizer |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US11124461B2 (en) | 2019-07-04 | 2021-09-21 | Incitec Pivot Limited | Fertilizer |
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| CN111718870A (en) * | 2020-06-11 | 2020-09-29 | 齐鲁工业大学 | Functional strain capable of reducing heavy metal content of vegetables and improving quality of vegetables and application |
| CN111718870B (en) * | 2020-06-11 | 2021-07-06 | 齐鲁工业大学 | Functional strain capable of reducing heavy metal content of vegetables and improving quality of vegetables and application |
| CN115490559A (en) * | 2022-07-13 | 2022-12-20 | 安徽理工大学 | Fermented fertilizer based on livestock and poultry manure and straw and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN115636708A (en) * | 2022-10-10 | 2023-01-24 | 陈非 | Method for preventing cadmium adsorption in soil improvement by using nano biological organic fertilizer |
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Application publication date: 20181211 |