CN108973170B - Integrated RTM (resin transfer molding) forming equipment and method for composite material airfoil - Google Patents
Integrated RTM (resin transfer molding) forming equipment and method for composite material airfoil Download PDFInfo
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- CN108973170B CN108973170B CN201811066872.2A CN201811066872A CN108973170B CN 108973170 B CN108973170 B CN 108973170B CN 201811066872 A CN201811066872 A CN 201811066872A CN 108973170 B CN108973170 B CN 108973170B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
- B29C70/40—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied
- B29C70/42—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
- B29C70/46—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles using matched moulds, e.g. for deforming sheet moulding compounds [SMC] or prepregs
- B29C70/48—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles using matched moulds, e.g. for deforming sheet moulding compounds [SMC] or prepregs and impregnating the reinforcements in the closed mould, e.g. resin transfer moulding [RTM], e.g. by vacuum
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
- B29C70/54—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations, e.g. feeding or storage of prepregs or SMC after impregnation or during ageing
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Abstract
The invention relates to integrated RTM (resin transfer molding) forming equipment and method for a composite material airfoil. The molding apparatus includes: the mould comprises an upper mould and a lower mould, a mould cavity for accommodating the fiber preform is formed in the upper mould and the lower mould after the upper mould and the lower mould are closed, at least one glue injection port is arranged at one end of the upper mould or the lower mould along the width direction, and at least one glue outlet is arranged at the other end of the upper mould or the lower mould along the width direction; the upper die is provided with a first heating element for heating the upper die, and the lower die is provided with a second heating element for heating the lower die; the device comprises a horizontal moving piece device, a turnover device and a glue injection device; during injecting glue, utilize turning device to overturn the mould, make the mould be in the injecting glue mouth under, the mouth is at last vertical state, recycles injecting glue device and injects resin in to the mould die cavity, and first heating member and second heating member provide the temperature condition for the injecting glue. The forming equipment greatly improves the automation level and the production efficiency of RTM forming of the composite material airfoil.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of composite materials, in particular to integrated RTM (resin transfer molding) forming equipment and method for a composite material airfoil.
Background
The low-cost liquid forming process (such as RTM, VARI, etc.) of composite material has been widely applied to various technical fields of composite material, and gradually developed from the production of secondary load-bearing structural members to the production of main load-bearing structural members. The RTM process has become one of the major forming processes for composite airfoil structures. The RTM equipment comprises single-component RTM glue injection equipment, double-component RTM glue injection equipment, three-component RTM glue injection equipment and the like according to different varieties of used resins. However, the traditional RTM apparatus is generally independent from a product mold, a vacuum system, and the like, and the composite airfoil RTM mold involves problems such as sealing, and the mold generally adopts a large number of fastening screws for shrink sealing, which results in low efficiency of mold filling and demolding of the airfoil product, and difficulty in realizing continuous automatic production, thereby affecting the large-scale application of the RTM process itself.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
The invention is to solve one or more of the following technical problems:
the traditional RTM process equipment is too dispersed and has weak integration;
the RTM forming die for the composite airfoil surface is locked by screws, so that the die filling and demolding efficiency is low, and the automation level is not high;
a crane is needed during demoulding, and the automation level of demoulding of products is not high;
the heating rate is slow and the glue injection environment is poor when the mold is heated and injected in the oven.
(II) technical scheme
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the present invention provides in a first aspect an integrated RTM moulding apparatus for a composite material airfoil, the moulding apparatus comprising:
the mould comprises an upper mould and a lower mould, a mould cavity for accommodating the fiber preform is formed in the upper mould and the lower mould after the upper mould and the lower mould are closed, at least one glue injection port is arranged at one end of the upper mould or the lower mould along the width direction, and at least one glue outlet is arranged at the other end of the upper mould or the lower mould along the width direction; the upper die is provided with a first heating element for heating the upper die, and the lower die is provided with a second heating element for heating the lower die;
horizontal translation spare device: for moving the upper die or the lower die in the horizontal direction;
locking device: the locking and sealing device is used for locking and sealing the matched die;
turning over the device: the turnover mechanism is used for overturning the die after die assembly;
glue injection device: for injecting resin into the mold;
during glue injection, the mould is turned by the turning device to be in a vertical state that the glue injection opening is arranged at the lower part and the glue outlet is arranged at the upper part, resin is injected into the mould cavity by the glue injection device, and the first heating part and the second heating part provide temperature conditions for glue injection;
during curing: the first heating member and the second heating member provide temperature conditions for curing;
and during demolding, the mold is turned to be in a horizontal state by using the turning device for demolding.
Preferably, the turning device includes:
a rotating member for rotating the mold, the rotating member being provided at both ends of the second heating member in the length direction;
a support member: for supporting the rotating member;
a driving part: for providing rotational power to the rotating member.
Preferably, the rotating part comprises a rotating shaft and a driving lug, and the rotating shaft is fixedly connected with the driving lug; the rotating shaft is arranged at two ends of the second heating element along the length direction, one end of the rotating shaft is fixedly connected with the second heating element, and the other end of the rotating shaft is movably connected with the supporting element; the driving piece drives the rotating shaft to rotate through the driving support lug, so that the die is turned over;
preferably, the drive member is a hydraulic drive.
Preferably, the horizontal shifter device comprises:
a support: arranged at the left and right sides of the die;
connecting rods: one end of the first heating element is detachably connected with the first heating element, and the other end of the first heating element is fixedly connected with the bracket;
roller: the device is used for driving the bracket to move and is arranged at the bottom of the bracket;
guide rail: the rolling wheel is used for restraining the rolling of the rolling wheel;
when the device is used, the support moves under the constraint of the guide rail through the roller, so that the upper die is driven to horizontally displace.
Preferably, the locking device is a telescopic locking hydraulic cylinder; preferably, the number of the hydraulic cylinders is 12-18; more preferably, the hydraulic pressure provided by the hydraulic cylinder is 20-30T.
Preferably, the glue injection device comprises:
and (3) glue injection tank: the resin injection port is used for containing resin for injection and is connected with the glue injection port; and
a vacuum pump: used for vacuumizing the die cavity and connected with the glue outlet.
Preferably, the molding apparatus further comprises an up-down moving member device for moving the upper mold up and down.
Preferably, the up-down moving piece device comprises an up-down moving lead screw and a driving motor; the up-down moving screw rod is fixedly connected with the upper die; the driving motor is used for providing power for the up-and-down moving lead screw.
The invention provides in another aspect a method of making a composite airfoil using any of the RTM apparatus described above, comprising the steps of:
(1) providing a fiber preform;
(2) providing a mould, wherein the mould comprises an upper mould and a lower mould, a mould cavity for accommodating the fiber preform is formed in the upper mould and the lower mould after the upper mould and the lower mould are closed, at least one glue injection port is arranged at one end of the upper mould or the lower mould along the width direction, and at least one glue outlet is arranged at the other end of the upper mould or the lower mould along the width direction; the upper die is provided with a first heating element for heating the upper die, and the lower die is provided with a second heating element for heating the lower die;
(3) coating a release agent on the inner wall of the mold cavity;
(4) horizontally moving an upper die of the die away, loading the fiber preform into a lower die, horizontally moving the upper die to the original position, and closing the upper die and the lower die;
(5) locking and sealing;
(6) turning the mold to enable the mold to be in a vertical state with the glue injection port below and the glue outlet port above;
(7) connecting the glue injection tank with the glue injection port, and connecting the vacuum pump with the glue outlet;
(8) heating the mould through the first heating member and the second heating member to enable the mould to reach the glue injection temperature;
(9) vacuumizing the mould and injecting glue;
(10) heating the mould by the first heating element and the second heating element to raise the temperature of the mould to the curing temperature of the resin for curing;
(11) and (5) turning the mould to a horizontal state, and demoulding to obtain the composite material airfoil.
Preferably, in the step (9), the mold is vacuumized for 20-30min, and the vacuum degree in the mold is controlled to be-0.1 to-0.5 Mpa; and/or
And applying pressure of 0.3-0.6Mpa to the glue injection tank, and injecting glue for 3-6 h.
(III) advantageous effects
The technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages:
the forming equipment provided by the invention adopts the independent telescopic pressure cylinder to realize the functions of automatic locking/sealing and the like of the upper and lower airfoil surface molds, thereby avoiding the time and labor waste of manual mold locking; the turnover device enables the RTM mould to be in a horizontal state and a vertical state, and the requirements of mould filling and demoulding and the requirements of bubble removal of an RTM glue injection process are met respectively; the horizontal moving piece device effectively avoids the use of a crane and improves the automation level of product demoulding; the mode that adopts first heating member and second heating member direct heating has improved the rate of rise of temperature of mould by a wide margin, has shortened product production cycle.
The preparation method of the molding equipment provided by the invention integrates the procedures of mold filling, mold closing, overturning, vacuumizing, preheating, glue injection, curing, demolding and the like of the preformed body of the composite material airfoil on one equipment to complete, and greatly improves the automation level and the production efficiency of RTM molding of the composite material airfoil.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an integrated RTM molding apparatus for a composite airfoil provided in the present invention;
fig. 2 is a left side view of the mold in an upright state.
In the figure: 1: a mold; 11: an upper die; 12: a lower die; 13: a fiber preform; 14: a glue injection port; 15: a glue outlet; 16: a first heating member; 17: a second heating member;
2: a horizontal movement member device; 21: a support; 22: a connecting rod; 23: a roller; 24: a guide rail;
3: a locking device;
4: a turning device; 41: a support member; 42: a rotating shaft;
5: and (4) the ground.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention. It is to be understood that the embodiments described are only a few embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
The present invention provides in a first aspect an integrated RTM molding apparatus for a composite material airfoil, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the molding apparatus comprising:
the mold 1 comprises an upper mold 11 and a lower mold 12, a mold cavity for accommodating the fiber preform 13 is formed in the upper mold 11 and the lower mold 12 after the upper mold 11 and the lower mold 12 are closed, at least one glue injection port 14 is arranged at one end of the upper mold or the lower mold 12 in the width direction, and at least one glue outlet 15 is arranged at the other end of the upper mold 11 or the lower mold 12 in the width direction; wherein, the upper die 11 is provided with a first heating element 16 for heating the upper die 11, and the lower die 12 is provided with a second heating element 17 for heating the lower die 12; as for the first heating member 16 and the second heating member 17, the present invention employs heating plates in the embodiment, which cover the upper portion of the upper mold 11 and the lower portion of the lower mold 12, and hold the mold 1 integrally between the heating plates, so that the mold 1 can be heated efficiently and accurately; of course, other heating devices capable of achieving this effect in the prior art can be used as the first heating element and the second heating element in the present invention, and the present invention is not illustrated herein;
horizontal translation member device 2: for moving the upper mold 11 or the lower mold 12 in the horizontal direction;
the locking device 3: the locking and sealing device is used for locking and sealing the die 1 after die assembly;
the turning device 4: the turnover mechanism is used for overturning the die 1 after die assembly;
glue injection device (not labeled in fig. 1): for injecting resin into the mould 1;
during glue injection, the mold 1 is turned by the turning device 4, the mold 1 is in a vertical state that the glue injection port 14 is located at the lower part and the glue outlet 15 is located at the upper part, resin is injected into the cavity of the mold 1 by the glue injection device, and the first heating component 16 and the second heating component 17 provide temperature conditions for glue injection;
during curing: the first heating member 16 and the second heating member 17 provide temperature conditions for curing;
during demoulding, the mould 1 is turned to be horizontal by the turning device 4 for demoulding, so that the operation is convenient.
According to the technical scheme, the turnover device 4 enables the airfoil surface to be subjected to die filling and demolding in the horizontal direction, operation is convenient, the die 1 can be in the vertical state with the glue injection port 14 below and the glue outlet 15 above in the glue injection stage, and experiments prove that the vertical state is more beneficial to water conservancy discharge of bubbles in the RTM process.
Specifically, the turning device 4 includes:
a rotating member for rotating the mold 1, provided on both ends of the second heating member 17 in the length direction;
support member 41: for supporting the rotating member;
a driving part: for providing rotational power to the rotating member.
Preferably, the rotating member includes a rotating shaft 42 and a driving lug, and the rotating shaft 42 is fixedly connected with the driving lug; the rotating shaft 42 is arranged at two ends of the second heating member 17 along the length direction, one end of the rotating shaft 42 is fixedly connected with the second heating member 17, and the other end is movably connected with the supporting member 41; the driving piece drives the rotating shaft 42 to rotate through the driving support lug, so that the die 1 is overturned; preferably, the drive member is a hydraulic drive.
In particular, the horizontal translator device 2 comprises:
the support 21: arranged at the left and right sides of the die 1;
connecting rod 22: one end is detachably connected with the first heating member 16, and the other end is fixedly connected with the bracket 21;
the roller 23: the device is used for driving the bracket 21 to move and is arranged at the bottom of the bracket 21;
guide rail 24: the rolling wheel is used for restricting the rolling of the roller 23 and is fixedly arranged on the ground 5;
in use, the bracket 21 moves under the constraint of the guide rail 24 through the roller 23, so as to drive the upper die 11 to horizontally displace.
In the prior art, the mold is opened by a crane during mold filling to fill the fiber preform, with the mold in a closed state as an initial state. The horizontal moving device 2 in the equipment can horizontally move the upper die 11 together with the first heating element 16 on the upper die 11 along the width direction of the die, so that the upper die 11 and the lower die 12 are staggered, the die 1 is opened, and the fiber preform is conveniently placed. In practice, the distance of horizontal movement is not less than 1 m.
After the fiber preform is assembled, the upper die 11 is communicated with the first heating element 16 and is moved back to the original position by the horizontal moving element device 2, so that the die assembly is convenient.
In some preferred embodiments, the locking device 3 is a telescopic locking hydraulic cylinder; preferably, the number of the hydraulic cylinders is 12-18; more preferably, the hydraulic pressure provided by the hydraulic cylinder is 20-30T. The locking device provided by the invention locks the upper heating element and the lower heating element (namely the first heating plate 16 and the second heating plate 17) so as to completely close the upper die and the lower die. It should be noted that the structure of the upper die 11 and the lower die 12 is not described in detail in the present invention, and the upper die 11 and the lower die 12 may adopt an existing die structure, for example, a seal ring is provided between the upper die 11 and the lower die 12 for sealing, and for example, a limit piece is provided between the upper die 11 and the lower die 12 for precise die assembly.
Specifically, the glue injection device (not shown in fig. 1) includes:
and (3) glue injection tank: the resin injection port is used for containing resin for injection and is connected with the glue injection port 14; and
a vacuum pump: is used for vacuumizing the cavity of the mould 1 and is connected with the glue outlet 15.
Preferably, the molding apparatus further includes an up-down moving device (not shown in fig. 1) for moving the upper mold 11 up and down. Specifically, the up-down moving piece device comprises an up-down moving lead screw and a driving motor; the up-down moving screw rod is fixedly connected with the upper die 11; the driving motor is used for providing power for the up-and-down moving lead screw. When demoulding, the upper die 11 can be lifted by the device and then horizontally moved, so that the formed part in the die can be conveniently taken out.
The invention also provides a method for preparing a composite material airfoil by using the RTM molding equipment, which comprises the following steps:
(1) providing a fiber preform; the fiber preform can be obtained by knitting, fine knitting, weaving, sewing, multi-dimensional knitting and the like;
(2) providing a mould, wherein the mould comprises an upper mould and a lower mould, a mould cavity for accommodating the fiber preform is formed in the upper mould and the lower mould after the upper mould and the lower mould are closed, at least one glue injection port is arranged at one end of the upper mould or the lower mould along the width direction, and at least one glue outlet is arranged at the other end of the upper mould or the lower mould along the width direction; the upper die is provided with a first heating element for heating the upper die, and the lower die is provided with a second heating element for heating the lower die;
(3) coating a release agent on the inner wall of the mold cavity; the release agent can adopt the existing release agent, and the invention is not particularly limited in this respect;
(4) horizontally moving an upper die of the die away, loading the fiber preform into a lower die, horizontally moving the upper die to the original position, and closing the upper die and the lower die;
(5) locking and sealing;
(6) turning the mold to enable the mold to be in a vertical state with the glue injection port below and the glue outlet port above;
(7) connecting the glue injection tank with the glue injection port, and connecting the vacuum pump with the glue outlet;
it should be noted that the injection resin used in the illustrated embodiment of the present invention is 6808 resin produced by research institute of aerospace special materials and process technology. Of course, other resins satisfying the following conditions may be used as the injection resin of the present invention: the preparation method has the advantages of long injection window, low injection viscosity, simple curing process, low curing shrinkage, and no or only a small amount of small molecules released during curing;
(8) heating the mould through the first heating member and the second heating member to enable the mould to reach the glue injection temperature;
(9) vacuumizing the mould and injecting glue; preferably, the mould is vacuumized for 20-30min, and the vacuum degree in the mould is controlled between-0.1 and-0.5 Mpa; preferably, applying pressure of 0.3-0.6Mpa to the glue injection tank, and injecting glue for 3-6 h;
(10) heating the mould by the first heating element and the second heating element to raise the temperature of the mould to the curing temperature of the resin for curing;
(11) and (5) turning the mould to a horizontal state, and demoulding to obtain the composite material airfoil.
The following are examples of the present invention.
Example 1
Embodiment 1 provides an integrated RTM molding apparatus for a composite airfoil, as shown in fig. 1, the molding apparatus comprising:
the mould 1 comprises an upper mould 11 and a lower mould 12, a mould cavity of the mould 1 for accommodating the fiber prefabricated body 13 is formed in the upper mould 11 and the lower mould 12 after the upper mould 11 and the lower mould 12 are closed, at least one glue injection port 14 is arranged at one end of the upper mould or the lower mould 12 along the width direction, and at least one glue outlet 15 is arranged at the other end of the upper mould 11 or the lower mould 12 along the width direction; wherein, the upper die 11 is provided with a first heating element 16 for heating the upper die 11, and the lower die 12 is provided with a second heating element 17 for heating the lower die 12; as for the first heating member 16 and the second heating member 17, the embodiment 1 employs heating plates which cover the upper portion of the upper die 11 and the lower portion of the lower die 12 and which hold the entire die 1 therebetween, thereby enabling efficient and accurate heating of the die 1;
horizontal translation member device 2: for moving the upper mold 11 or the lower mold 12 in the horizontal direction; the method specifically comprises the following steps: the support 21: arranged at the left and right sides of the die 1; connecting rod 22: one end is detachably connected with the first heating member 16, and the other end is fixedly connected with the bracket 21; the roller 23: the device is used for driving the bracket 21 to move and is arranged at the bottom of the bracket 21; guide rail 24: for restricting the rolling of the roller 23; when the device is used, the bracket 21 moves under the constraint of the guide rail 24 through the roller 23, so that the upper die 11 is driven to horizontally displace;
the locking device 3: the locking and sealing device is used for locking and sealing the die 1 after die assembly;
the turning device 4: the turnover mechanism is used for overturning the die 1 after die assembly; the method specifically comprises the following steps: a rotating member for rotating the mold 1, provided on both ends of the second heating member 17 in the length direction; support member 41: for supporting the rotating member; a driving part: the power for providing rotation for the rotating piece; the rotating part comprises a rotating shaft 42 and a driving lug, and the rotating shaft 42 is fixedly connected with the driving lug; the rotating shaft 42 is arranged at two ends of the second heating member 17 along the length direction, one end of the rotating shaft 42 is fixedly connected with the second heating member 17, and the other end is movably connected with the supporting member 41; the driving piece drives the rotating shaft 42 to rotate through the driving support lug, so that the die 1 is turned over; preferably, the driving member is a hydraulic driving device;
glue injection device (not labeled in fig. 1): for injecting resin into the mould 1; the method specifically comprises the following steps: and (3) glue injection tank: the resin injection port is used for containing resin for injection and is connected with the glue injection port 14; and a vacuum pump: is used for vacuumizing the cavity of the mould 1 and is connected with the glue outlet 15.
During glue injection, the mold 1 is turned by the turning device 4, the mold 1 is in a vertical state that the glue injection port 14 is located at the lower part and the glue outlet 15 is located at the upper part, resin is injected into the cavity of the mold 1 by the glue injection device, and the first heating component 16 and the second heating component 17 provide temperature conditions for glue injection;
during curing: the first heating member 16 and the second heating member 17 provide temperature conditions for curing;
during demoulding, the mould 1 is turned to be horizontal by the turning device 4 for demoulding, so that the operation is convenient.
According to the technical scheme, the turnover device 4 enables the airfoil surface to be subjected to die filling and demolding in the horizontal direction, operation is convenient, the die 1 can be in the vertical state with the glue injection port 14 below and the glue outlet 15 above in the glue injection stage, and experiments prove that the vertical state is more beneficial to water conservancy discharge of bubbles in the RTM process.
Example 2
The device of the embodiment 2 is improved on the basis of the embodiment 1, and the specific improvement is as follows:
the locking device 3 is a telescopic locking hydraulic cylinder, the number of the hydraulic cylinders is 12-18, and the hydraulic pressure provided by the hydraulic cylinders is 20-30T. The locking device can completely close the upper die and the lower die by locking the upper heating element and the lower heating element (namely the first heating plate 16 and the second heating plate 17), has higher automation degree compared with the locking device (such as a fastening screw structure) in the prior art, and avoids the time and labor waste caused by manual mode locking.
Example 3
The device of the embodiment 3 is improved on the basis of the embodiment 2 as follows: the molding apparatus further includes an up-down moving device (not shown in fig. 1) for moving the upper mold 11 up and down. Specifically, the up-down moving piece device comprises an up-down moving lead screw and a driving motor; the up-down moving screw rod is fixedly connected with the upper die 11; the driving motor is used for providing power for the up-and-down moving lead screw. When demoulding, the upper die 11 can be lifted by the device and then horizontally moved, so that the formed part in the die can be conveniently taken out.
Example 4
Example 4 a composite airfoil was prepared using the molding apparatus provided in example 3, including the steps of:
the size of the airfoil is 1.8m × 0.4.4 m, the size of the airfoil mould is 2m × m long and 0.6m × thick and 0.3m wide, a resin flow passage in the mould is filled with glue at the front edge and discharged from the back edge, RTM resin is 6808 resin produced by aerospace special materials and technical research institute, the glue injection temperature is 30-40 ℃, and the curing process is 130 ℃/2 h.
Fixing an upper die and an upper heating plate (namely a first heating element), fixing a lower die and a lower heating plate (namely a second heating element), coating a release agent on the strong inner wall of the die, and installing a sealing strip for later use;
horizontally moving the upper heating plate and the upper die of the die for more than 1m, and filling the dry fiber preformed body of the composite material airfoil into the lower die;
horizontally moving the upper heating plate and the upper die of the die back together, closing the die to enable the upper die and the lower die to be contacted, starting 16 special telescopic locking hydraulic cylinders, and locking the upper heating plate and the lower heating plate until a die closing gap between the upper die and the lower die is smaller than 0.1 mm;
the RTM forming die and the upper and lower heating plates of the equipment are turned to a vertical state under the support of the turning support by using a turning device, a glue injection tank is well connected with a glue injection port of the die through a glue injection pipeline, and a vacuum pump is well connected with a glue outlet of the die through a glue outlet pipeline; enabling the temperature of the RTM mould to reach the glue injection temperature required by RTM resin by utilizing an upper heating plate and a lower heating plate, and vacuumizing the mould for 20-30min through a glue outlet;
uniformly stirring the prepared resin, pouring the resin into a glue injection tank, vacuumizing for 20-30min, sucking RTM resin into the mould through a glue injection port under the vacuum suction and injection of the mould, and applying pressure of 0.3-0.6MPa to a glue injection tank for injecting glue for 3-6h until the resin discharged from a glue outlet of the mould is free of bubbles;
and raising the temperature of the mold to the resin curing temperature, preserving the heat according to the resin curing process requirement, naturally cooling to below 60 ℃, and demolding. Before demolding, the mold is turned to be in a horizontal state, the pressure of the telescopic locking hydraulic cylinder is removed, the upper heating plate and the upper mold are lifted through the up-down moving part device, the upper heating plate and the upper mold are automatically moved away through the horizontal moving part device, the roller of the horizontal moving support can move on the guide rail which is fixed on the foundation in advance, and the moving distance of the horizontal moving support is not less than 1 m. And after the upper heating plate and the upper die are removed, the airfoil product can be taken out to complete demoulding.
Comparative example 1
The size of the airfoil is 1.8m × 0.4.4 m, the size of the airfoil mould is 2m × m long and 0.6m × thick and 0.3m wide, a resin flow passage in the mould is filled with glue at the front edge and discharged at the rear edge, RTM resin is 6808 resin produced by aerospace special materials and technical research institute, the glue injection temperature is 30-40 ℃, and the curing process is 130 ℃/2 h.
Firstly, coating a release agent on the molded surface of an airfoil RTM mold, and installing a sealing strip for later use;
secondly, filling the dry fiber preformed body of the composite material airfoil into a lower die;
thirdly, hoisting the upper die of the die by using a crane, combining the upper die with the lower die, and locking the upper die and the lower die by using 20 fastening screws M24; hoisting the combined mold to an oven by using a crane for preheating, so that the temperature of the RTM mold reaches 40-50 ℃;
fourthly, erecting the airfoil mould along the width direction by using a crane, and enabling the leading edge of the airfoil to face downwards and the trailing edge to face upwards; hoisting the combined mold to a drying oven trolley by using a crane, and connecting a glue injection pipeline and a glue discharging pipeline; starting a heating system of the oven to ensure that the temperature of the RTM mold reaches 40-50 ℃, and vacuumizing the mold for 20-30 min;
fifthly, pouring the prepared 6808RTM resin into a glue injection tank after uniformly stirring, vacuumizing for 20-30min, sucking the RTM resin into a mould under the vacuum suction and injection of the mould, and simultaneously applying 0.3-0.6MPa pressure to the RTM glue injection tank for injecting glue for 3-6h until the resin discharged from a glue outlet of the mould has no bubbles;
sixthly, heating the mold by an oven to raise the temperature of the mold to 6808 resin curing temperature of 120-. Before demoulding, the mould is turned to the horizontal state by using a crown block, 20 fastening screws M24 are removed, the upper mould is lifted and moved away by using a crane, and the airfoil product is taken out, so that demoulding is finished.
Table 1 comparison of the technical solutions and the technical effects of example 4 and comparative example 1
As can be seen from the comparison results in table 1, the integrated RTM molding apparatus and method for composite material airfoils provided by the present invention better achieve the functions of mold filling, mold closing, turning, vacuum pumping, preheating, glue injection, curing, demolding, etc. of the preform of RTM composite material airfoils, and improve the integration and integrity of the RTM process. The functions of automatic locking/sealing and the like of the upper and lower airfoil surface molds are realized by adopting the independent telescopic pressure cylinder, so that the time and labor waste of manual mode locking are avoided; the turnover device enables the RTM mould to be in a horizontal state and a vertical state, and the requirements of mould filling and demoulding and the requirements of bubble removal of an RTM glue injection process are met respectively; the horizontal moving piece device effectively avoids the use of a crane and improves the automation level of product demoulding; the mode of directly heating by the upper heating plate and the lower heating plate greatly improves the heating rate of the die and shortens the production period of the product. The invention greatly improves the automation level and the production efficiency of RTM forming of the composite material airfoil.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. An integrated RTM molding apparatus for a composite airfoil, said molding apparatus comprising:
the mould comprises an upper mould and a lower mould, a mould cavity for accommodating the fiber preform is formed in the upper mould and the lower mould after the upper mould and the lower mould are closed, at least one glue injection port is arranged at one end of the upper mould or the lower mould along the width direction, and at least one glue outlet is arranged at the other end of the upper mould or the lower mould along the width direction; the upper die is provided with a first heating element for heating the upper die, and the lower die is provided with a second heating element for heating the lower die; the first heating element and the second heating element are heating plates which cover the upper part of the upper die and the lower part of the lower die and clamp the die integrally between the heating plates;
horizontal translation spare device: for moving the upper die in a horizontal direction; the horizontal shifter device includes: a support: arranged at the left and right sides of the die; connecting rods: one end of the first heating element is detachably connected with the first heating element, and the other end of the first heating element is fixedly connected with the bracket; roller: the device is used for driving the bracket to move and is arranged at the bottom of the bracket; guide rail: the rolling wheel is used for restraining the rolling of the rolling wheel; when the device is used, the bracket moves under the restraint of the guide rail through the roller, so that the upper die is driven to horizontally displace;
locking device: the locking and sealing device is used for locking and sealing the matched die; the locking device is a telescopic locking hydraulic cylinder;
turning over the device: the turnover mechanism is used for overturning the die after die assembly; the turning device comprises: a rotating member for rotating the mold, the rotating member being provided at both ends of the second heating member in the length direction; a support member: for supporting the rotating member; a driving part: the power for providing rotation for the rotating piece; the rotating part comprises a rotating shaft and a driving lug, and the rotating shaft is fixedly connected with the driving lug; the rotating shaft is arranged at two ends of the second heating element along the length direction, one end of the rotating shaft is fixedly connected with the second heating element, and the other end of the rotating shaft is movably connected with the supporting element; the driving piece drives the rotating shaft to rotate through the driving support lug, so that the die is turned over;
glue injection device: for injecting resin into the mold;
during glue injection, the mould is turned by the turning device to be in a vertical state that the glue injection opening is arranged at the lower part and the glue outlet is arranged at the upper part, resin is injected into the mould cavity by the glue injection device, and the first heating part and the second heating part provide temperature conditions for glue injection;
during curing: the first heating member and the second heating member provide temperature conditions for curing;
and during demolding, the mold is turned to be in a horizontal state by using the turning device for demolding.
2. The molding apparatus as defined in claim 1, wherein the drive member is a hydraulic drive.
3. The molding apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the number of said hydraulic cylinders is 12 to 18.
4. The molding apparatus as claimed in claim 3, wherein the hydraulic pressure supplied from said hydraulic cylinder is 20 to 30T.
5. The molding apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein said glue injection device comprises:
and (3) glue injection tank: the resin injection port is used for containing resin for injection and is connected with the glue injection port; and
a vacuum pump: used for vacuumizing the die cavity and connected with the glue outlet.
6. The molding apparatus as defined in claim 1, wherein: the molding equipment also comprises an up-down moving piece device which is used for enabling the upper mold to move up and down.
7. The molding apparatus as defined in claim 6, wherein said up-down moving member means includes an up-down moving lead screw and a driving motor; the up-down moving screw rod is fixedly connected with the upper die; the driving motor is used for providing power for the up-and-down moving lead screw.
8. A method of making a composite airfoil using the RTM apparatus of any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising the steps of:
(1) providing a fiber preform;
(2) providing a mould, wherein the mould comprises an upper mould and a lower mould, a mould cavity for accommodating the fiber preform is formed in the upper mould and the lower mould after the upper mould and the lower mould are closed, at least one glue injection port is arranged at one end of the upper mould or the lower mould along the width direction, and at least one glue outlet is arranged at the other end of the upper mould or the lower mould along the width direction; the upper die is provided with a first heating element for heating the upper die, and the lower die is provided with a second heating element for heating the lower die;
(3) coating a release agent on the inner wall of the mold cavity;
(4) horizontally moving an upper die of the die away, loading the fiber preform into a lower die, horizontally moving the upper die to the original position, and closing the upper die and the lower die;
(5) locking and sealing;
(6) turning the mold to enable the mold to be in a vertical state with the glue injection port below and the glue outlet port above;
(7) connecting the glue injection tank with the glue injection port, and connecting the vacuum pump with the glue outlet;
(8) heating the mould through the first heating member and the second heating member to enable the mould to reach the glue injection temperature;
(9) vacuumizing the mould and injecting glue;
(10) heating the mould by the first heating element and the second heating element to raise the temperature of the mould to the curing temperature of the resin for curing;
(11) and (5) turning the mould to a horizontal state, and demoulding to obtain the composite material airfoil.
9. The molding method according to claim 8, wherein in the step (9), the mold is vacuumized for 20-30min, and the vacuum degree in the mold is controlled to be-0.1 to-0.5 MPa; and/or
And applying pressure of 0.3-0.6MPa to the glue injection tank, and injecting glue for 3-6 h.
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| CN111823615A (en) * | 2019-04-18 | 2020-10-27 | 铁科腾跃科技有限公司 | Automatic production device for resin transfer molding |
| CN114905770B (en) * | 2021-02-08 | 2024-03-22 | 中国航发商用航空发动机有限责任公司 | Blade forming method and mould |
| CN113386373B (en) * | 2021-05-28 | 2023-03-21 | 上纬(天津)风电材料有限公司 | Integrated resin infusion method and system applied to wind power blade manufacturing |
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| EP2050553B1 (en) * | 2006-08-08 | 2015-12-30 | Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. | Resin transfer moulding (rtm) forming apparatus and rtm forming method |
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