CN108972027B

CN108972027B - High-efficiency electric spindle structure

Info

Publication number: CN108972027B
Application number: CN201810775939.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李存杰; 农乃昌
Original assignee: Shenzhen ABIG Precision Machinery Co Ltd
Current assignee: Shenzhen aibeike Precision Industry Co.,Ltd.
Priority date: 2018-07-16
Filing date: 2018-07-16
Publication date: 2020-02-18
Anticipated expiration: 2038-07-16
Also published as: CN108972027A

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-efficiency electric spindle structure which comprises a steel cylinder, wherein a stator is fixed in the steel cylinder, a rotor is arranged in the stator in a penetrating manner, a back cover is fixed at the rear end of the steel cylinder, an air cylinder assembly is fixed at the rear end of the back cover, the air cylinder assembly comprises an air cylinder driving shaft, a pull rod is arranged in the rotor in a penetrating manner, a pull claw is arranged at the front end of the pull rod, a cutter handle is clamped at the front end of the pull claw, and the air cylinder assembly is used for driving the pull rod to slide forwards so as to open the pull claw; the pull rod air flue has been seted up in the center department of pull rod, the back of the body is covered and is equipped with the sword air cock of unloading that is linked together with the pull rod air flue, the front end of pull rod air flue extends to in the claw that draws, and the front end opening of pull rod air flue is towards the rear end of handle of a knife, when the pull rod slides forward and draw the claw to open, form the gap between the outer wall of handle of a knife and the inner wall of rotor, unload the air current of sword air cock input and loop through pull rod air flue and gap and outwards blow out to order about the handle of a knife and. The invention can realize quick tool changing, thereby saving the operation time and improving the working efficiency.

Description

High-efficiency electric spindle structure

Technical Field

The invention relates to an electric spindle, in particular to a high-efficiency electric spindle structure.

Background

The ball electric spindle is usually applied to CNC machine tool equipment, and the structure of the ball electric spindle comprises a mechanism for loosening and pulling a tool shank, the pull rod can be pushed and pulled under the action of pushing and a spring, and the ball electric spindle can be matched with the tool shank to complete the grabbing and unloading process. Among the prior art, when the main shaft processed the product, there was the tool changing process in the reprocessing process, need manual loading and unloading cutter during the tool changing, at this in-process, first need waste more manpower, and can reduce production efficiency, and the second need be operated the machine personnel and extensively mastered each side knowledge, had certain hindrance to production standardization, and the third, traditional double-layered sword mode is easy to appear the mistake in the course of working, and then influences production efficiency and product quality.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a high-efficiency electric spindle structure which can realize quick tool changing, thereby saving the operation time and improving the working efficiency.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme.

A high-efficiency electric spindle structure comprises a steel cylinder, wherein a stator is fixed in the steel cylinder, a rotor penetrates through the stator, a back cover is fixed at the rear end of the steel cylinder, an air cylinder assembly is fixed at the rear end of the back cover and comprises an air cylinder driving shaft, a pull rod penetrates through the rotor and is in sliding connection with the rotor, a pull claw is installed at the front end of the pull rod, a tool handle is clamped at the front end of the pull claw, the end part of the air cylinder driving shaft penetrates through the back cover and is connected to the pull rod, and the air cylinder assembly is used for driving the pull rod to slide forwards to enable the pull claw to be opened; the utility model discloses a draw-bar air cock, including handle, pull rod, back cover, pull rod, draw-bar air cock, back cover, pull rod air cock, the front end of pull rod air cock extends to in the claw, just the front end opening orientation of pull rod air cock the rear end of handle of a knife is worked as the pull rod slides forward just when the claw opens, the outer wall of handle of a knife with form the gap between the inner wall of rotor, the air current that unloads the input of cutter air cock loops through pull rod air cock and gap and outwards blows off, in order to order about the handle of a knife with the claw separation draws.

Preferably, the tool holder comprises a conical outer wall, a conical opening is formed in the front end of the rotor, and when the pull rod slides backwards, the conical outer wall is tightly attached to the conical opening.

Preferably, a front bearing seat assembly is embedded in the front end of the steel cylinder, a rear bearing seat assembly is embedded in the rear end of the steel cylinder, and the front end and the rear end of the rotor are respectively arranged in the front bearing seat assembly and the rear bearing seat assembly in a penetrating mode.

Preferably, the cylinder assembly comprises a cylinder body, a plurality of layers of pistons are arranged in the cylinder body, and the cylinder driving shaft is arranged at the front ends of the plurality of layers of pistons.

Preferably, the rear end of cylinder body is equipped with the broach air cock, the cover is equipped with reset spring on the cylinder drive shaft, reset spring clamp locate the multilayer piston with between the back of the body lid.

Preferably, the pull claw is an eight-piece pull claw.

Preferably, a hollow first valve body is arranged in the back cover, the rear end of the first valve body is connected to a cylinder driving shaft, the cutter-removing air tap is connected with an inner cavity of the first valve body, a first valve core and a first valve core spring are arranged in the first valve body, the first valve core spring is used for applying elasticity to the first valve core so as to enable the first valve core to extend out from an opening at the front end of the first valve body, the first valve core is a T-shaped valve core, a first sealing ring is sleeved on the first valve core, a first air hole is formed in the first valve core and penetrates through the side part and the front end part of the first valve core, a second valve body is embedded in the rear end of the pull rod, a second valve core and a second valve core spring penetrate through the second valve body, the second valve core spring is used for applying elasticity to the second valve core so as to enable the second valve core to extend out from an opening at the rear end of the second valve body, the second valve core is an inverted T-shaped valve core, a second sealing ring is sleeved on the second valve core, a second air hole is formed in the second valve core and penetrates through the side portion and the rear end portion of the second valve core, the second air hole is aligned with the first air hole, and when the cylinder driving shaft pushes the pull rod, the first valve core and the second valve core are extruded, so that the cutter unloading air nozzle, the second air hole, the first air hole and the pull rod air passage are communicated in sequence.

Preferably, a top rod is arranged in the first valve body and is connected with the first valve body in a sliding mode, the rear end of the top rod extends out of the first valve body, and the first valve core spring is clamped between the front end of the top rod and the first valve core.

Preferably, the rear bearing seat assembly is provided with an encoder, the rear end of the rotor is provided with a gear, and the sensing end of the encoder faces to the gear teeth of the gear.

Preferably, a pull rod nut is fixed at the rear end of the pull rod, a proximity switch is fixed in the back cover, and the sensing end of the proximity switch is aligned with the pull rod nut.

In the high-efficiency electric spindle structure disclosed by the invention, when a user needs to change a tool, the air cylinder assembly is used for driving the pull rod to slide forwards until the pull claw opens and the clamping force on the tool handle is relieved, at the moment, air flow connected into the tool unloading air nozzle is blown to the rear end of the tool handle and the outer side wall of the tool handle through the air passage of the pull rod, and the tool handle can be quickly withdrawn from the pull claw under the action of the air flow.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a first cross-sectional view of an electric spindle according to the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a second cross-sectional view of the electric spindle of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion a in fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is an enlarged view of a portion B in fig. 2.

Fig. 5 is a sectional view of the first valve body in a closed state.

Fig. 6 is a sectional view of the first valve body in an open state.

Fig. 7 is a structural view of the pull rod and the tool holder.

FIG. 8 is a block diagram of the outboard side of the rear bearing block assembly.

Detailed Description

The invention is described in more detail below with reference to the figures and examples.

The invention discloses a high-efficiency electric spindle structure, which is shown in a combined graph 1-8 and comprises a steel cylinder 1, wherein a stator 2 is fixed in the steel cylinder 1, a rotor 3 penetrates through the stator 2, a back cover 6 is fixed at the rear end of the steel cylinder 1, an air cylinder assembly 7 is fixed at the rear end of the back cover 6, the air cylinder assembly 7 comprises an air cylinder driving shaft 70, a pull rod 8 penetrates through the rotor 3 and is in sliding connection with the rotor 3, a pull claw 80 is installed at the front end of the pull rod 8, a cutter handle 81 is clamped at the front end of the pull claw 80, the end part of the air cylinder driving shaft 70 penetrates through the back cover 6 and is connected with the pull rod 8, and the air cylinder assembly 7 is used for driving the pull rod 8 to slide forwards so as to open the pull claw 80;

the center department of pull rod 8 sets up the pull rod air flue 82 that runs through both ends around this pull rod 8, be equipped with on the back of the body lid 6 with the sword air flue 60 that unloads that pull rod air flue 82 is linked together, the front end of pull rod air flue 82 extends to in the claw 80, just the front end opening orientation of pull rod air flue 82 the rear end of handle of a knife 81, work as pull rod 8 slides forward just when claw 80 opens, the outer wall of handle of a knife 81 with form gap 83 between the inner wall of rotor 3, the air current that unloads sword air flue 60 input loops through pull rod air flue 82 and gap 83 and outwards blows out, in order to order about handle of a knife 81 with claw 80 separates.

In the high-efficiency electric spindle structure, when a user needs to change a tool, the air cylinder assembly 7 is used for driving the pull rod 8 to slide forwards until the pull claw 80 is opened and the clamping force on the tool handle 81 is relieved, at the moment, air flow connected into the tool unloading air nozzle 60 is blown to the rear end of the tool handle 81 and the outer side wall of the tool handle 81 through the pull rod air passage 82, and the tool handle 81 can be rapidly withdrawn from the pull claw 80 under the action of the air flow.

In order to apply force to the tool holder 81 better, in this embodiment, the tool holder 81 includes a tapered outer wall, a tapered opening is formed at the front end of the rotor 3, and when the pull rod 8 slides backwards, the tapered outer wall is tightly attached to the tapered opening.

Regarding the bearing part, in this embodiment, the front end of the steel cylinder 1 is embedded with a front bearing seat assembly 4, the rear end of the steel cylinder 1 is embedded with a rear bearing seat assembly 5, and the front end and the rear end of the rotor 3 are respectively penetrated through the front bearing seat assembly 4 and the rear bearing seat assembly 5.

The invention preferably adopts a multi-force cylinder with multi-layer pistons, and specifically, the cylinder assembly 7 comprises a cylinder body 71, the multi-layer pistons 72 are arranged in the cylinder body 71, and the cylinder driving shaft 70 is arranged at the front ends of the multi-layer pistons 72.

In this embodiment, the air cylinder is driven by a spring to reset, specifically, a broach air nozzle 73 is arranged at the rear end of the cylinder body 71, a reset spring 74 is sleeved on the air cylinder driving shaft 70, and the reset spring 74 is clamped between the multilayer piston 72 and the back cover 6.

Preferably, the pull pawl 80 is an eight-piece pull pawl.

In order to access air flow when the air cylinder assembly 7 drives the pull rod 8 to move, in this embodiment, a hollow first valve body 90 is disposed in the back cover 6, a rear end of the first valve body 90 is connected to the air cylinder driving shaft 70, the cutter removing air tap 60 is connected to an inner cavity of the first valve body 90, a first valve core 91 and a first valve core spring 92 are disposed in the first valve body 90, the first valve core spring 92 is used for applying elastic force to the first valve core 91 so that the first valve core 91 extends out from an opening at a front end of the first valve body 90, the first valve core 91 is a "T" -shaped valve core, a first sealing ring 93 is sleeved on the first valve core 91, a first air hole 94 is disposed in the first valve core 91, the first air hole 94 penetrates through a side portion and a front end portion of the first valve core 91, a second valve body 95 is embedded in a rear end of the pull rod 8, and a second valve core 96 and a second valve core spring are disposed in the second valve body 95, the second valve core spring is used for applying elastic force to the second valve core 96 to enable the second valve core 96 to extend out of an opening at the rear end of the second valve body 95, the second valve core 96 is an inverted T-shaped valve core, a second sealing ring 97 is sleeved on the second valve core 96, a second air hole 98 is formed in the second valve core 96, the second air hole 98 penetrates through the side portion and the rear end portion of the second valve core 96, the second air hole 98 is aligned with the first air hole 94, and when the pull rod 8 is pushed by the cylinder driving shaft 70, the first valve core 91 and the second valve core 96 are squeezed, so that the cutter unloading air nozzle 60, the second air hole 98, the first air hole 94 and the pull rod air passage 82 are sequentially communicated.

Further, a top rod 99 is disposed in the first valve body 90, the top rod 99 is slidably connected to the first valve body 90, the rear end of the top rod 99 extends out of the first valve body 90, and the first valve core spring 92 is clamped between the front end of the top rod 99 and the first valve core 91.

The invention also has an angular displacement detection function, specifically, an encoder 50 is arranged on the rear bearing block assembly 5, a gear 51 is arranged at the rear end of the rotor 3, and the sensing end of the encoder 50 faces the teeth of the gear 51.

In order to detect the movement state of the pull rod 8, in the present embodiment, a pull rod nut 84 is fixed at the rear end of the pull rod 8, a proximity switch 85 is fixed in the back cover 6, and a sensing end of the proximity switch 85 is aligned with the pull rod nut 84.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents or improvements made within the technical scope of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The high-efficiency electric spindle structure is characterized by comprising a steel cylinder (1), wherein a stator (2) is fixed in the steel cylinder (1), a rotor (3) penetrates through the stator (2), a back cover (6) is fixed at the rear end of the steel cylinder (1), an air cylinder assembly (7) is fixed at the rear end of the back cover (6), the air cylinder assembly (7) comprises an air cylinder driving shaft (70), a pull rod (8) penetrates through the rotor (3) and is in sliding connection with the rotor and the rotor, a pull claw (80) is installed at the front end of the pull rod (8), a knife handle (81) is clamped at the front end of the pull claw (80), the end part of the air cylinder driving shaft (70) penetrates through the back cover and is connected to the pull rod (8), and the air cylinder assembly (7) is used for driving the pull rod (8) to slide forwards to open the pull claw (80);

the cutter is characterized in that a pull rod air passage (82) penetrating through the front end and the rear end of the pull rod (8) is formed in the center of the pull rod (8), a cutter unloading air tap (60) communicated with the pull rod air passage (82) is arranged on the back cover (6), the front end of the pull rod air passage (82) extends into the pull claw (80), the front end of the pull rod air passage (82) is opened towards the rear end of the cutter handle (81), when the pull rod (8) slides forwards and the pull claw (80) is opened, a gap (83) is formed between the outer wall of the cutter handle (81) and the inner wall of the rotor (3), and air flow input by the cutter unloading air tap (60) is blown outwards through the pull rod air passage (82) and the gap (83) to drive the cutter handle (81) to be separated from the pull claw (80); a hollow first valve body (90) is arranged in the back cover (6), the rear end of the first valve body (90) is connected to a cylinder driving shaft (70), the cutter unloading air tap (60) is connected with an inner cavity of the first valve body (90), a first valve core (91) and a first valve core spring (92) are arranged in the first valve body (90), the first valve core spring (92) is used for applying elasticity to the first valve core (91) so that the first valve core (91) extends out from an opening at the front end of the first valve body (90), the first valve core (91) is a T-shaped valve core, a first sealing ring (93) is sleeved on the first valve core (91), a first air hole (94) is formed in the first valve core (91), the first air hole (94) penetrates through the side part and the front end part of the first valve core (91), a second valve body (95) is embedded at the rear end of the pull rod (8), a second valve core (96) and a second valve core spring penetrate through the second valve body (95), the second valve core spring is used for applying elastic force to the second valve core (96), so that the second valve core (96) extends out from the opening at the rear end of the second valve body (95), the second valve core (96) is an inverted T-shaped valve core, a second sealing ring (97) is sleeved on the second valve core (96), a second air hole (98) is arranged in the second valve core (96), the second air hole (98) penetrates through the side part and the rear end part of the second valve core (96), and the second air hole (98) is aligned with the first air hole (94), the first valve core (91) and the second valve core (96) are pressed when the cylinder driving shaft (70) pushes the pull rod (8), so that the cutter unloading air tap (60), the second air hole (98), the first air hole (94) and the pull rod air passage (82) are communicated in sequence.

2. The high-efficiency electric spindle structure according to claim 1, wherein the tool holder (81) comprises a tapered outer wall, a tapered opening is formed at the front end of the rotor (3), and when the pull rod (8) slides backwards, the tapered outer wall is tightly attached to the tapered opening.

3. The high-efficiency electric spindle structure according to claim 1, wherein a front bearing seat assembly (4) is embedded in a front end of the steel cylinder (1), a rear bearing seat assembly (5) is embedded in a rear end of the steel cylinder (1), and front and rear ends of the rotor (3) are respectively arranged through the front bearing seat assembly (4) and the rear bearing seat assembly (5).

4. The high-efficiency electric spindle structure according to claim 1, wherein the cylinder assembly (7) comprises a cylinder body (71), the cylinder body (71) is internally provided with a plurality of layers of pistons (72), and the cylinder driving shaft (70) is arranged at the front end of the plurality of layers of pistons (72).

5. The high-efficiency electric spindle structure according to claim 4, characterized in that the rear end of the cylinder body (71) is provided with a broach air cock (73), the cylinder driving shaft (70) is sleeved with a return spring (74), and the return spring (74) is clamped between the multi-layer piston (72) and the back cover (6).

6. A high efficiency electric spindle arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that the pulling claw (80) is an eight-lobed pulling claw.

7. The high-efficiency electric spindle structure according to claim 1, wherein a top rod (99) is disposed in the first valve body (90), the top rod (99) is slidably connected to the first valve body (90), a rear end of the top rod (99) extends out of the first valve body (90), and the first valve core spring (92) is sandwiched between a front end of the top rod (99) and the first valve core (91).

8. A high efficiency electric spindle arrangement according to claim 3, characterized in that the rear bearing block assembly (5) is provided with an encoder (50), the rear end of the rotor (3) is provided with a gear wheel (51), and the sensing end of the encoder (50) faces the teeth of the gear wheel (51).

9. A high efficiency electric spindle arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that a draw rod nut (84) is fixed to the rear end of the draw rod (8), and a proximity switch (85) is fixed in the back cover (6), the sensing end of the proximity switch (85) being aligned with the draw rod nut (84).