Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the deficiencies of existing technologies, provide a kind of waste plastic type sorting unit and its
Method for separating.
To achieve the above object, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A kind of sorting unit of waste plastic type, including conveying mechanism, it is close above the conveying mechanism forward position
Infrared scanning light source, the NIR light electric explorer positioned at infrared light scanning light source front end, with the infrared light scanning
The control mechanism that light source is connected with NIR light electric explorer, the high-pressure jet mechanism below the conveying mechanism front end;It is described
High-pressure jet mechanism is connect with the control mechanism, and the front end of the high-pressure jet mechanism is additionally provided with classified partition.
Its further technical solution are as follows: the control mechanism includes communication interface, and the control connecting with the communication interface
Device processed;The infrared light scanning light source, NIR light electric explorer and high-pressure jet mechanism are connect with the communication interface.
Its further technical solution are as follows: the front end of the conveying mechanism is additionally provided with cover of becalming.
Its further technical solution are as follows: the conveying mechanism is conveyer belt or conveying roller;The front end of the conveying mechanism
To tilt down.
Its further technical solution are as follows: the conveying speed of the conveying mechanism is 0.05m/s-0.2m/s.
Its further technical solution are as follows: the NIR light electric explorer is equipped with several probes, each probe detection
Width be 30-60mm.
Its further technical solution are as follows: the detection cycle of the probe is 1-2s, when detection a length of 0.5-1s.
Its further technical solution are as follows: the vertical range of the probe and the conveying mechanism is 100-300mm.
Its further technical solution are as follows: the horizontal distance of the high-pressure jet mechanism and the classified partition is 200-
600mm。
A kind of method for separating of waste plastic type, comprising the following steps:
S1, power-up initializing, waste plastic is placed on conveying mechanism;
S2, infrared light scanning light source are scanned waste plastic;
S3, NIR light electric explorer detect scanning signal, and will test information and be sent to control mechanism;
S4, control mechanism are analyzed and processed detection information, judge whether the waste plastic passed through should exclude;If
It is, into S5, if it is not, then entering S6;
S5, high-pressure jet mechanism sprays compressed air, by waste plastic delivery to abandoned stope;
S6, high-pressure jet mechanism do not work, and waste plastic freely falling body falls into collecting region.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: different plastics kinds are irradiated by infrared light scanning light source
SPECTRAL DIVERSITY, different types of waste plastic is sorted, substantially increases the classification effectiveness of waste plastic, improves city
The resource reusing rate of house refuse, the value of product is improved by more accurately classifying, while preferably protecting environment, practical
Property is strong.
The invention will be further described in the following with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.
Specific embodiment
In order to more fully understand technology contents of the invention, combined with specific embodiments below to technical solution of the present invention into
One step introduction and explanation, but not limited to this.
Such as Fig. 1 to specific embodiment shown in Fig. 8, the invention discloses a kind of sorting unit of waste plastic type and its
Method for separating;Wherein, the sorting unit of waste plastic type, including conveying mechanism 10, above 10 forward position of conveying mechanism
Infrared light scanning light source 20, the NIR light electric explorer 30 positioned at 20 front end of infrared light scanning light source, with infrared light scanning
The control mechanism 40 that light source 20 and NIR light electric explorer 30 connect, the high-pressure jet mechanism below 10 front end of conveying mechanism
50;High-pressure jet mechanism 50 is connect with control mechanism 40, and the front end of high-pressure jet mechanism 50 is additionally provided with classified partition 60.
Wherein, the SPECTRAL DIVERSITY that different plastics kinds are irradiated by infrared light scanning light source, to different types of discarded
Plastics are sorted, and the classification effectiveness of waste plastic is substantially increased, and the resource reusing rate of domestic waste are improved, by more
Accurately classification improves the value of product.
Specifically, as shown in Figure 1, control mechanism 40 includes communication interface 41, and the controller connecting with communication interface 41
42;Infrared light scanning light source 20, NIR light electric explorer 30 and high-pressure jet mechanism 50 are connect with communication interface 41, are convenient for
Communication and intelligent control.
Wherein, in the present embodiment, communication interface 41 is RS232 communication interface.
Wherein, the front end of conveying mechanism 10 is additionally provided with cover 70 of becalming, avoid because the reason of wind, everywhere sorting error
Situation improves the efficiency of separation.
Wherein, in the present embodiment, conveying mechanism 10 is conveyer belt or conveying roller;Structure is simple, and transfer efficiency is high;
The front end of conveying mechanism 10 is to tilt down, and falls from conveying mechanism 10 convenient for waste plastic, improves the efficiency of separation.
Wherein, the conveying speed of conveying mechanism 10 be 0.05m/s-0.2m/s, in the present embodiment, conveying mechanism 10 it is defeated
Sending speed is 0.1m/s, and conveying is steady, improves scanning effect.
Wherein, NIR light electric explorer 30 is equipped with several probe (not shown)s, and the width of each probe detection is
30-60mm, with more detection efficient.
Wherein, the detection cycle of probe is 1-2s, when detection a length of 0.5-1s;In the present embodiment, the detection week of probe
Phase is 1s, when detection a length of 0.5s, speed of detection is fast, and precisely.
Further, the investigative range of NIR light electric explorer 30 about 2000mm2。
Wherein, popping one's head in the vertical range of conveying mechanism 10 is 100-300mm, in the present embodiment, probe and conveyer
The vertical range of structure 10 is 200mm, and Effect on Detecting is best.
Wherein, the horizontal distance of high-pressure jet mechanism 50 and classified partition 60 is 200-600mm, is convenient for high-pressure jet mechanism
The 50 waste plastic delivery that will be excluded are to abandoned stope.
Wherein, in the present embodiment, high-pressure jet mechanism 50 is high pressure air rifle, and structure is simple and high-efficient.
The principle that the present invention uses is as follows:, can be with as shown in Fig. 2, the near infrared spectrum of different types of plastics is different
The applicable photoelectric detector of selection is identified;Mainly there is common waste plastic in domestic waste: polythene PE, poly- third
Alkene PP, polyvinylchloride, polystyrene PS, polyethylene terephtalate, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) ABS,
Polycarbonate, polymetylmethacrylate, polyamide PA, PE polyurethane etc..Near infrared ray is between visible
Electromagnetic wave between light and middle infrared ray refers to 14300~4000cm of wave number-1, wavelength be 0.75-2.5 μm of electromagnetic wave;English name
Near Infrared, hereinafter referred to as NIR.In analytical chemistry principle, near infrared ray has hydric group C-H, N-H, O-H vibration
Selective absorbing;To the selective absorption of the NIR of different frequency.Therefore by photodetector, sample different component can be measured
Content.
Wherein, infrared light scanning light source 20 and NIR light electric explorer 30 are sensed using fpga chip and high speed linear array CCD
Device, major function is to carry out dynamic scan to the waste plastic bottle at the uniform velocity passed through by ccd sensor, by image digitization transfer
Parallel operation carries out signal condition, A/D conversion to ccd output signal, and FPGA carries out high speed processing to the image data after conversion, complete
At the output for rejecting signal.
Wherein, the hardware design of detection system includes the design of fpga core circuit, the design of Linear Array CCD Driving Circuit,
The design of the interface circuit design and telecommunication circuit of image digitizer.
Further, the software section of detection system completes the design of CCD driver' s timing including the use of DCM;Image digitization
The control interface of converter and the design of correlated-double-sampling timing;Formulate and sorting unit master controller between communication protocol and
The filtering of data message;The acquisition and median filter process of image data;Binary conversion treatment is carried out to filtered image data
With the judgement of foreign matter position;The design of adjustable delay time is carried out to detection signal using the BlockRAM inside FPGA;High pressure
The timing Design of air gun control system;Detect the design of driving timing sequence of indicating circuit;The calibration of CCD pixel position;CCD digitized map
As the storage of data.
As shown in Figures 3 to 5, the control system of the sorting unit of the waste plastic type can be divided into: feed unit, optics
Four unit, culling unit and electronic control unit component parts.
Wherein, the effect of feed unit is to adjust waste plastic to be selected sorting flow, be optical unit observation detection and
The Weeding of culling unit provides safeguard.Material to be selected is adjusted and is arranged by it, its flow velocity is made to keep relatively steady with individual posture
It is fixed, guarantee that waste plastic can be detected in observation area by one by one observation, can be rejected by easily sorting in sorting area.
Wherein, optical unit is the key position of sorting unit, and effect mainly carries out optical detection to waste plastic
Analysis provides accurately sorting information for sorting.It is made of light source, background board, receiver and camera lens, this sorting unit
Light source using xenon lamp and sodium vapor lamp etc.;Background colour uses butadiene rubber conveyer belt, the reflection signal and back for generating waste plastic
Scenery difference is big, to reach preferable separating effect.Receiver, that is, high speed linear array CCD sensor can believe the light on receiving plane
Number it is converted into electric signal, detects optical signal with silicon photocell, its great advantage is low in cost, production, debugging and production
It is easy, subsequent signal processing part parallel circuit is simple, and matched optics uses simple electric eye, simply saturating by two panels
Microscope group is not at needing to adjust, cost is relatively low.For the detection light source that the sorting unit uses for middle infrared ray, principle is radiation
Molecular vibration is caused, the molecular resonance frequency of different plastics is different.
As shown in Figure 6 to 7, the sorting unit of waste plastic type of the invention is using optical principle, to substance
Constituent and structure are detected, the scientific equipment analyzed and handled.Spectrum can be divided into four parts: light source illumination, is visited light splitting
It surveys and receives and transmit storage display.The effect of NIR light electric explorer is to realize that the standard of photosignal is changed, i.e., puts down imaging system coke
Received spectral energy is converted into being easy to the electric signal measured on face, and goes out each monochromatic wavelength and by force by electric signal measurement
Degree, to obtain the characterisitic parameter of studied substance, controller transmits storage display, and function is will to detect reception to convert
Electric signal carry out preliminary treatment, can be stored after processing or controller is sent to by high-speed transmission interface, pass through control
Device processed carries out further data processing and display etc. to spectroscopic data.
Wherein, as shown in fig. 7, in the present embodiment, the schematic diagram for the different optical frequency trap curves that controller receives,
Near infrared ray photon absorbing intensity goes out each monochromatic wavelength and intensity by electric signal measurement, and image analysis can be used after digitization
Software quickly calculates Wave crest and wave trough, to be judged by operation, the type of the plastic bottle of scanning.Such as the absorption intensity of PET
Trough is in 1660nm, and the absorption intensity trough of PVC is in 1715nm.Calculate after judging the type of plastic bottle, by controller to
High pressure air rifle, which issues, rejects signal, and different plastic bottles is blown with compressed air stream, is sent into different specification areas.
As shown in figure 8, the invention also discloses a kind of method for separating of waste plastic type, comprising the following steps:
S1, power-up initializing, waste plastic is placed on conveying mechanism;
S2, infrared light scanning light source are scanned waste plastic;
S3, NIR light electric explorer detect scanning signal, and will test information and be sent to control mechanism;
S4, control mechanism are analyzed and processed detection information, judge whether the waste plastic passed through should exclude;If
It is, into S5, if it is not, then entering S6;
S5, high-pressure jet mechanism sprays compressed air, by waste plastic delivery to abandoned stope;
S6, high-pressure jet mechanism do not work, and waste plastic freely falling body falls into collecting region.
The present invention irradiates the SPECTRAL DIVERSITY of different plastics kinds by infrared light scanning light source, to different types of discarded
Plastics are sorted, and the classification effectiveness of waste plastic is substantially increased, and the resource reusing rate of domestic waste are improved, by more
Accurately classification improves the value of product, while preferably protecting environment, practical.
It is above-mentioned that technology contents of the invention are only further illustrated with embodiment, in order to which reader is easier to understand, but not
It represents embodiments of the present invention and is only limitted to this, any technology done according to the present invention extends or recreation, by of the invention
Protection.Protection scope of the present invention is subject to claims.