CN108971026A - A kind of sorting unit and its method for separating of waste plastic type - Google Patents

A kind of sorting unit and its method for separating of waste plastic type Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108971026A
CN108971026A CN201811030174.7A CN201811030174A CN108971026A CN 108971026 A CN108971026 A CN 108971026A CN 201811030174 A CN201811030174 A CN 201811030174A CN 108971026 A CN108971026 A CN 108971026A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
waste plastic
sorting unit
conveying mechanism
light source
plastic type
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN201811030174.7A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
刘瑜
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Shenzhen Langkun Biological Technology Co Ltd
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Shenzhen Langkun Biological Technology Co Ltd
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Publication date
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Priority to CN201811030174.7A priority Critical patent/CN108971026A/en
Publication of CN108971026A publication Critical patent/CN108971026A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07CPOSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
    • B07C5/00Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
    • B07C5/34Sorting according to other particular properties
    • B07C5/342Sorting according to other particular properties according to optical properties, e.g. colour
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07CPOSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
    • B07C5/00Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
    • B07C5/36Sorting apparatus characterised by the means used for distribution
    • B07C5/361Processing or control devices therefor, e.g. escort memory
    • B07C5/362Separating or distributor mechanisms
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07CPOSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
    • B07C5/00Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
    • B07C5/36Sorting apparatus characterised by the means used for distribution
    • B07C5/363Sorting apparatus characterised by the means used for distribution by means of air
    • B07C5/365Sorting apparatus characterised by the means used for distribution by means of air using a single separation means
    • B07C5/366Sorting apparatus characterised by the means used for distribution by means of air using a single separation means during free fall of the articles

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  • Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
  • Sorting Of Articles (AREA)
  • Separation, Recovery Or Treatment Of Waste Materials Containing Plastics (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to the sorting units and its method for separating of a kind of waste plastic type, wherein, the sorting unit of waste plastic type, including conveying mechanism, infrared light scanning light source above the conveying mechanism forward position, NIR light electric explorer positioned at infrared light scanning light source front end, the control mechanism being connect with the infrared light scanning light source and NIR light electric explorer, the high-pressure jet mechanism below the conveying mechanism front end;The high-pressure jet mechanism is connect with the control mechanism, and the front end of the high-pressure jet mechanism is additionally provided with classified partition.The present invention irradiates the SPECTRAL DIVERSITY of different plastics kinds by infrared light scanning light source; different types of waste plastic is sorted; substantially increase the classification effectiveness of waste plastic; improve the resource reusing rate of domestic waste; the value of product is improved by more accurately classifying; environment is preferably protected simultaneously, it is practical.

Description

A kind of sorting unit and its method for separating of waste plastic type
Technical field
The present invention relates to waste plastic sorting technology fields, more specifically refer to a kind of sorting dress of waste plastic type It sets and its method for separating.
Background technique
Waste plastic is the important component in house refuse, is discarded with reference in related document China domestic waste The accounting of plastics is about 7%-12%.Waste plastic enters refuse landfill and does not account for storage capacity singly, wastes land resource, and mould The degradation cycle of material is extremely long, very big to soil harm.Waste plastic is also the main original that dioxin is generated in waste incineration disposition Cause.
The big classification of sorting technology of existing waste plastic mixture can be divided into dry and wet.The principle of wet split is According to the density variation of different types of plastics, applicable flotation medium is configured;The shortcomings that wet split is that environmental pollution is big, modeling Drying after material gets wet needs to clean water consumption, dry energy consumption.Conventional dry sorting technology mainly has selection by winnowing, electrostatic separation;Selection by winnowing Nicety of grading it is poor;The applicable object of electrostatic separation is limited.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the deficiencies of existing technologies, provide a kind of waste plastic type sorting unit and its Method for separating.
To achieve the above object, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A kind of sorting unit of waste plastic type, including conveying mechanism, it is close above the conveying mechanism forward position Infrared scanning light source, the NIR light electric explorer positioned at infrared light scanning light source front end, with the infrared light scanning The control mechanism that light source is connected with NIR light electric explorer, the high-pressure jet mechanism below the conveying mechanism front end;It is described High-pressure jet mechanism is connect with the control mechanism, and the front end of the high-pressure jet mechanism is additionally provided with classified partition.
Its further technical solution are as follows: the control mechanism includes communication interface, and the control connecting with the communication interface Device processed;The infrared light scanning light source, NIR light electric explorer and high-pressure jet mechanism are connect with the communication interface.
Its further technical solution are as follows: the front end of the conveying mechanism is additionally provided with cover of becalming.
Its further technical solution are as follows: the conveying mechanism is conveyer belt or conveying roller;The front end of the conveying mechanism To tilt down.
Its further technical solution are as follows: the conveying speed of the conveying mechanism is 0.05m/s-0.2m/s.
Its further technical solution are as follows: the NIR light electric explorer is equipped with several probes, each probe detection Width be 30-60mm.
Its further technical solution are as follows: the detection cycle of the probe is 1-2s, when detection a length of 0.5-1s.
Its further technical solution are as follows: the vertical range of the probe and the conveying mechanism is 100-300mm.
Its further technical solution are as follows: the horizontal distance of the high-pressure jet mechanism and the classified partition is 200- 600mm。
A kind of method for separating of waste plastic type, comprising the following steps:
S1, power-up initializing, waste plastic is placed on conveying mechanism;
S2, infrared light scanning light source are scanned waste plastic;
S3, NIR light electric explorer detect scanning signal, and will test information and be sent to control mechanism;
S4, control mechanism are analyzed and processed detection information, judge whether the waste plastic passed through should exclude;If It is, into S5, if it is not, then entering S6;
S5, high-pressure jet mechanism sprays compressed air, by waste plastic delivery to abandoned stope;
S6, high-pressure jet mechanism do not work, and waste plastic freely falling body falls into collecting region.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: different plastics kinds are irradiated by infrared light scanning light source SPECTRAL DIVERSITY, different types of waste plastic is sorted, substantially increases the classification effectiveness of waste plastic, improves city The resource reusing rate of house refuse, the value of product is improved by more accurately classifying, while preferably protecting environment, practical Property is strong.
The invention will be further described in the following with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural schematic diagram of the sorting unit of waste plastic type of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the NIR map of common plastics;
Fig. 3 is the block diagram of the control system of the sorting unit of waste plastic type;
Fig. 4 is the radiation scope and wavelength schematic diagram of different light;
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of different resonant frequencies of the different waste plastics in resonance;
Fig. 6 is the spectral technique schematic diagram that the sorting unit of waste plastic type of the present invention uses;
Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram for the different optical frequency trap curves that controller receives;
Fig. 8 is a kind of flow chart of the method for separating of waste plastic type.
10 conveying mechanism, 20 infrared light scanning light source
30 NIR light electric explorer, 40 control mechanism
41 communication interface, 42 controller
50 high-pressure jet mechanism, 60 classified partition
70 becalm cover
Specific embodiment
In order to more fully understand technology contents of the invention, combined with specific embodiments below to technical solution of the present invention into One step introduction and explanation, but not limited to this.
Such as Fig. 1 to specific embodiment shown in Fig. 8, the invention discloses a kind of sorting unit of waste plastic type and its Method for separating;Wherein, the sorting unit of waste plastic type, including conveying mechanism 10, above 10 forward position of conveying mechanism Infrared light scanning light source 20, the NIR light electric explorer 30 positioned at 20 front end of infrared light scanning light source, with infrared light scanning The control mechanism 40 that light source 20 and NIR light electric explorer 30 connect, the high-pressure jet mechanism below 10 front end of conveying mechanism 50;High-pressure jet mechanism 50 is connect with control mechanism 40, and the front end of high-pressure jet mechanism 50 is additionally provided with classified partition 60.
Wherein, the SPECTRAL DIVERSITY that different plastics kinds are irradiated by infrared light scanning light source, to different types of discarded Plastics are sorted, and the classification effectiveness of waste plastic is substantially increased, and the resource reusing rate of domestic waste are improved, by more Accurately classification improves the value of product.
Specifically, as shown in Figure 1, control mechanism 40 includes communication interface 41, and the controller connecting with communication interface 41 42;Infrared light scanning light source 20, NIR light electric explorer 30 and high-pressure jet mechanism 50 are connect with communication interface 41, are convenient for Communication and intelligent control.
Wherein, in the present embodiment, communication interface 41 is RS232 communication interface.
Wherein, the front end of conveying mechanism 10 is additionally provided with cover 70 of becalming, avoid because the reason of wind, everywhere sorting error Situation improves the efficiency of separation.
Wherein, in the present embodiment, conveying mechanism 10 is conveyer belt or conveying roller;Structure is simple, and transfer efficiency is high; The front end of conveying mechanism 10 is to tilt down, and falls from conveying mechanism 10 convenient for waste plastic, improves the efficiency of separation.
Wherein, the conveying speed of conveying mechanism 10 be 0.05m/s-0.2m/s, in the present embodiment, conveying mechanism 10 it is defeated Sending speed is 0.1m/s, and conveying is steady, improves scanning effect.
Wherein, NIR light electric explorer 30 is equipped with several probe (not shown)s, and the width of each probe detection is 30-60mm, with more detection efficient.
Wherein, the detection cycle of probe is 1-2s, when detection a length of 0.5-1s;In the present embodiment, the detection week of probe Phase is 1s, when detection a length of 0.5s, speed of detection is fast, and precisely.
Further, the investigative range of NIR light electric explorer 30 about 2000mm2
Wherein, popping one's head in the vertical range of conveying mechanism 10 is 100-300mm, in the present embodiment, probe and conveyer The vertical range of structure 10 is 200mm, and Effect on Detecting is best.
Wherein, the horizontal distance of high-pressure jet mechanism 50 and classified partition 60 is 200-600mm, is convenient for high-pressure jet mechanism The 50 waste plastic delivery that will be excluded are to abandoned stope.
Wherein, in the present embodiment, high-pressure jet mechanism 50 is high pressure air rifle, and structure is simple and high-efficient.
The principle that the present invention uses is as follows:, can be with as shown in Fig. 2, the near infrared spectrum of different types of plastics is different The applicable photoelectric detector of selection is identified;Mainly there is common waste plastic in domestic waste: polythene PE, poly- third Alkene PP, polyvinylchloride, polystyrene PS, polyethylene terephtalate, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) ABS, Polycarbonate, polymetylmethacrylate, polyamide PA, PE polyurethane etc..Near infrared ray is between visible Electromagnetic wave between light and middle infrared ray refers to 14300~4000cm of wave number-1, wavelength be 0.75-2.5 μm of electromagnetic wave;English name Near Infrared, hereinafter referred to as NIR.In analytical chemistry principle, near infrared ray has hydric group C-H, N-H, O-H vibration Selective absorbing;To the selective absorption of the NIR of different frequency.Therefore by photodetector, sample different component can be measured Content.
Wherein, infrared light scanning light source 20 and NIR light electric explorer 30 are sensed using fpga chip and high speed linear array CCD Device, major function is to carry out dynamic scan to the waste plastic bottle at the uniform velocity passed through by ccd sensor, by image digitization transfer Parallel operation carries out signal condition, A/D conversion to ccd output signal, and FPGA carries out high speed processing to the image data after conversion, complete At the output for rejecting signal.
Wherein, the hardware design of detection system includes the design of fpga core circuit, the design of Linear Array CCD Driving Circuit, The design of the interface circuit design and telecommunication circuit of image digitizer.
Further, the software section of detection system completes the design of CCD driver' s timing including the use of DCM;Image digitization The control interface of converter and the design of correlated-double-sampling timing;Formulate and sorting unit master controller between communication protocol and The filtering of data message;The acquisition and median filter process of image data;Binary conversion treatment is carried out to filtered image data With the judgement of foreign matter position;The design of adjustable delay time is carried out to detection signal using the BlockRAM inside FPGA;High pressure The timing Design of air gun control system;Detect the design of driving timing sequence of indicating circuit;The calibration of CCD pixel position;CCD digitized map As the storage of data.
As shown in Figures 3 to 5, the control system of the sorting unit of the waste plastic type can be divided into: feed unit, optics Four unit, culling unit and electronic control unit component parts.
Wherein, the effect of feed unit is to adjust waste plastic to be selected sorting flow, be optical unit observation detection and The Weeding of culling unit provides safeguard.Material to be selected is adjusted and is arranged by it, its flow velocity is made to keep relatively steady with individual posture It is fixed, guarantee that waste plastic can be detected in observation area by one by one observation, can be rejected by easily sorting in sorting area.
Wherein, optical unit is the key position of sorting unit, and effect mainly carries out optical detection to waste plastic Analysis provides accurately sorting information for sorting.It is made of light source, background board, receiver and camera lens, this sorting unit Light source using xenon lamp and sodium vapor lamp etc.;Background colour uses butadiene rubber conveyer belt, the reflection signal and back for generating waste plastic Scenery difference is big, to reach preferable separating effect.Receiver, that is, high speed linear array CCD sensor can believe the light on receiving plane Number it is converted into electric signal, detects optical signal with silicon photocell, its great advantage is low in cost, production, debugging and production It is easy, subsequent signal processing part parallel circuit is simple, and matched optics uses simple electric eye, simply saturating by two panels Microscope group is not at needing to adjust, cost is relatively low.For the detection light source that the sorting unit uses for middle infrared ray, principle is radiation Molecular vibration is caused, the molecular resonance frequency of different plastics is different.
As shown in Figure 6 to 7, the sorting unit of waste plastic type of the invention is using optical principle, to substance Constituent and structure are detected, the scientific equipment analyzed and handled.Spectrum can be divided into four parts: light source illumination, is visited light splitting It surveys and receives and transmit storage display.The effect of NIR light electric explorer is to realize that the standard of photosignal is changed, i.e., puts down imaging system coke Received spectral energy is converted into being easy to the electric signal measured on face, and goes out each monochromatic wavelength and by force by electric signal measurement Degree, to obtain the characterisitic parameter of studied substance, controller transmits storage display, and function is will to detect reception to convert Electric signal carry out preliminary treatment, can be stored after processing or controller is sent to by high-speed transmission interface, pass through control Device processed carries out further data processing and display etc. to spectroscopic data.
Wherein, as shown in fig. 7, in the present embodiment, the schematic diagram for the different optical frequency trap curves that controller receives, Near infrared ray photon absorbing intensity goes out each monochromatic wavelength and intensity by electric signal measurement, and image analysis can be used after digitization Software quickly calculates Wave crest and wave trough, to be judged by operation, the type of the plastic bottle of scanning.Such as the absorption intensity of PET Trough is in 1660nm, and the absorption intensity trough of PVC is in 1715nm.Calculate after judging the type of plastic bottle, by controller to High pressure air rifle, which issues, rejects signal, and different plastic bottles is blown with compressed air stream, is sent into different specification areas.
As shown in figure 8, the invention also discloses a kind of method for separating of waste plastic type, comprising the following steps:
S1, power-up initializing, waste plastic is placed on conveying mechanism;
S2, infrared light scanning light source are scanned waste plastic;
S3, NIR light electric explorer detect scanning signal, and will test information and be sent to control mechanism;
S4, control mechanism are analyzed and processed detection information, judge whether the waste plastic passed through should exclude;If It is, into S5, if it is not, then entering S6;
S5, high-pressure jet mechanism sprays compressed air, by waste plastic delivery to abandoned stope;
S6, high-pressure jet mechanism do not work, and waste plastic freely falling body falls into collecting region.
The present invention irradiates the SPECTRAL DIVERSITY of different plastics kinds by infrared light scanning light source, to different types of discarded Plastics are sorted, and the classification effectiveness of waste plastic is substantially increased, and the resource reusing rate of domestic waste are improved, by more Accurately classification improves the value of product, while preferably protecting environment, practical.
It is above-mentioned that technology contents of the invention are only further illustrated with embodiment, in order to which reader is easier to understand, but not It represents embodiments of the present invention and is only limitted to this, any technology done according to the present invention extends or recreation, by of the invention Protection.Protection scope of the present invention is subject to claims.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of sorting unit of waste plastic type, which is characterized in that including conveying mechanism, be set to the conveying mechanism forward position The infrared light scanning light source of top, the NIR light electric explorer positioned at infrared light scanning light source front end are and described close red The control mechanism that outside line scanning light source is connected with NIR light electric explorer, the high-pressure jet below the conveying mechanism front end Mechanism;The high-pressure jet mechanism is connect with the control mechanism, and the front end of the high-pressure jet mechanism is additionally provided with classified partition.
2. a kind of sorting unit of waste plastic type according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the control mechanism packet Include communication interface, and the controller connecting with the communication interface;The infrared light scanning light source, NIR light electric explorer and High-pressure jet mechanism is connect with the communication interface.
3. a kind of sorting unit of waste plastic type according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the conveying mechanism Front end is additionally provided with cover of becalming.
4. a kind of sorting unit of waste plastic type according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the conveying mechanism is Conveyer belt or conveying roller;The front end of the conveying mechanism is to tilt down.
5. a kind of sorting unit of waste plastic type according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the conveying mechanism Conveying speed is 0.05m/s-0.2m/s.
6. a kind of sorting unit of waste plastic type according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the NIR light electrical resistivity survey Device is surveyed equipped with several probes, the width of each probe detection is 30-60mm.
7. a kind of sorting unit of waste plastic type according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the detection of the probe Period is 1-2s, when detection a length of 0.5-1s.
8. a kind of sorting unit of waste plastic type according to claim 7, which is characterized in that it is described probe with it is described The vertical range of conveying mechanism is 100-300mm.
9. a kind of sorting unit of waste plastic type according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the high pressure spray mechanism of qi The horizontal distance of structure and the classified partition is 200-600mm.
10. a kind of method for separating of waste plastic type, which comprises the following steps:
S1, power-up initializing, waste plastic is placed on conveying mechanism;
S2, infrared light scanning light source are scanned waste plastic;
S3, NIR light electric explorer detect scanning signal, and will test information and be sent to control mechanism;
S4, control mechanism are analyzed and processed detection information, judge whether the waste plastic passed through should exclude;If so, into Enter S5, if it is not, then entering S6;
S5, high-pressure jet mechanism sprays compressed air, by waste plastic delivery to abandoned stope;
S6, high-pressure jet mechanism do not work, and waste plastic freely falling body falls into collecting region.
CN201811030174.7A 2018-09-05 2018-09-05 A kind of sorting unit and its method for separating of waste plastic type Pending CN108971026A (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111036581A (en) * 2019-11-22 2020-04-21 石家庄北泽杨机械厂 Separating equipment for broken materials
CN112571764A (en) * 2020-11-23 2021-03-30 苏州华新达饮品技术有限公司 Method for manufacturing bottle blank of green drinking water packaging bottle
CN113118049A (en) * 2020-01-15 2021-07-16 隆顺绿能科技股份有限公司 Raw material sorting system and method for solid recovered fuel

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