CN108969084B

CN108969084B - Bone fixing device

Info

Publication number: CN108969084B
Application number: CN201710401983.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 唐佩福; 郝明; 张�浩; 胡磊; 王锟; 曹延祥; 赵燕鹏
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2017-05-31
Filing date: 2017-05-31
Publication date: 2023-08-29
Anticipated expiration: 2037-05-31
Also published as: CN108969084A

Abstract

The application discloses a bone fixation device, comprising: a fixing claw (11) which takes the center of a held section of a bone (90) to be fixed as an origin (O), the opening angle of the fixing claw to the origin is larger than 180 degrees, and the fixing claw defines a clamping plane; a movable jaw (21) capable of being in a functional position and an initial position, which is in a clamping plane and whose inner periphery and inner periphery of the fixed jaw sandwich a bone to be fixed when in the functional position; a fixed jaw connecting rod (13) connected to the fixed jaw, comprising a through hole (19) extending longitudinally along the rod; a movable claw connecting rod (23) connected with the movable claw, and a movable claw handle (25) connected with the movable claw connecting rod, wherein the movable claw connecting rod can rotate and move back and forth in the through hole by operating the movable claw handle; the movable claw is longitudinally rotated around the rod by rotating the movable claw handle, and the movable claw reaches the functional position from the initial position. The use of the bone fixation device to fix bone is less painful to the patient because it is not necessary to cut the extra-osseous tissue in the depth direction.

Description

Bone fixing device

Technical Field

The present application relates to bone fixation devices, and in particular to a temporary fixation device for a long bone fracture end.

Background

In medical practice, the grasping and reduction of bone generally requires the use of bone fixation devices, and the prior art CN2708856Y, CN2848149Y, CN201586055U, CN202078380U, CN203089326U, CN203122608U, CN203183006U, CN203677346U, CN203777030U, CN204446061U, CN204581507U discloses different products with a rod-shaped middle part, respectively. Although differing in other respects, these products have in common that the movement of their moveable jaw is either forward or backward along the longitudinal direction of the rod.

Referring to fig. 1, there is a drawing of CN 203777030U. In using the bone fixation device taught therein, the fixation jaw 2 is first allowed to catch on the bone to be fixed (not shown) above it from below. At this time, the bone to be fixed and its adhering tissues such as muscle, fat, skin, etc. are sandwiched between the fixed jaw 2 and the movable jaw 1. Then, by rotating the adjustment handle 8, the movable jaw 1 is pushed down against the bone to be fixed. If the downward movement of the moveable jaw is referred to as "pushing", the upward movement of the released bone to be secured in contrast thereto may be referred to as "pulling". Thus, for CN203777030U and other prior art products mentioned above, they can be attributed to the bone fixation device "push-pull moveable jaw in rod direction".

With the above bone fixation device, in order to allow the movable claws to advance to clamp the bone to be fixed, it is necessary to cut out the muscle tissue or the like on the moving path of the movable claws. Taking the prior art bone fixation device of fig. 1 as an example, in order to allow the moveable jaw 1 to move down to a functional position for clamping bone, it is necessary to incise tissue between a higher initial position and a lower effective clamping position. Such a wound is equal in width to the dimension of the movable jaw 1 in the left-right direction of fig. 1, and is equal in depth to the sum of the skin, fat and muscle thickness. The pain of the patient is increased due to the larger size of the wound.

Disclosure of Invention

It is therefore an object of the present application to propose a bone fixation device for bringing a moveable jaw into a functional position in different ways, in order to at least alleviate the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art.

To achieve the above object, the present application provides a bone fixation device comprising: a fixation claw having an origin O at the center (e.g., geometric center) of a held section of a bone to be fixed, the fixation claw being open to the origin (O) by an angle greater than 180 °, the fixation claw defining a clamping plane P; an arc-shaped movable jaw capable of being in a functional position OP and an initial position IP, when the arc-shaped movable jaw is in the functional position, the movable jaw is positioned in the clamping plane P, and the inner periphery of the movable jaw and the inner periphery of the fixed jaw clamp the bone to be fixed therebetween; a fixed jaw connecting rod connected with the fixed jaw, including a through hole extending along a longitudinal direction Z of the rod; a movable claw connecting rod connected to the movable claw 21, and a movable claw grip connected to the movable claw connecting rod, the movable claw connecting rod being rotatable and movable back and forth in the circular through hole by manipulating the movable claw grip; wherein the movable jaw is rotated about the longitudinal direction Z of the lever by rotating the movable jaw handle from the initial position IP to the functional position OP.

In use, depending on the condition of the patient's bone to be fixed, the moveable jaw may be first in a suitable initial position with less trauma caused. Then, the movable claw reaches the functional position by rotating the movable claw connecting rod, and the movable claw cooperates with the fixed claw to clamp the bone to be fixed in the middle. Compared with the prior art, the bone fixing device does not need to cut all tissues on the bone in the depth direction, so that the pain of a patient is reduced.

Drawings

The application may be better understood with reference to the drawings and description. The components in the drawings are not necessarily to scale, emphasis instead being placed upon illustrating the principles of the application. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a drawing of a prior art push-pull bone fixation device;

FIG. 2 is an exploded view of one embodiment of the present application including a stationary jaw-related assembly and a moveable jaw-related assembly in an initial position, a fastening stiffener, and the like;

FIG. 3 is an exploded view of the embodiment of FIG. 2, with the moveable jaw assembly in a functional position;

FIG. 4 is a combination of the embodiment of FIG. 2 with the moveable jaw assembly in an initial position;

FIG. 5 is a combination of the embodiment of FIG. 2 with the moveable jaw assembly in a functional position;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a moveable jaw handle rib mating with a stationary jaw handle groove;

FIG. 7 is a combination of the embodiment of FIG. 2, with the movable jaw in the functional position and with the fastener reinforcement member forward of the movable jaw assembly; and

fig. 8 is an enlarged view of the wedge-shaped front end of the fixing claw.

Detailed Description

The following description relates to a bone fixation device according to one embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 2-5, comprising: a fixation claw 11 having an origin O at the center (e.g., geometric center) of a held section of a bone 90 to be fixed, the fixation claw 11 being open at an angle of more than 180 ° to the origin O, the fixation claw 11 defining a clamping plane P; an arc-shaped movable claw 21 capable of being in a functional position OP and an initial position IP, when in the functional position, the movable claw 21 is in the clamping plane P and an inner periphery of the movable claw 21 clamps the bone to be fixed 90 with an inner periphery of the fixed claw 11; a fixed jaw connecting rod 13 connected to the fixed jaw 11, which includes a through hole 19 extending along a longitudinal direction Z of the rod; a movable claw connecting rod 23 connected to the movable claw 21, and a movable claw handle 25 connected to the movable claw connecting rod 23, the movable claw connecting rod 23 being capable of rotating and moving back and forth in the through hole 19 by manipulating the movable claw handle 25; the innovation of the present application is that the movable jaw 21 is rotated about the longitudinal direction Z of the lever by turning the movable jaw handle 25 from the initial position IP to the functional position OP.

Because the movable claw of the application rotates to the functional position, the bone fixing device does not need to cut all tissues on bones in the depth direction, thereby greatly reducing the pain of patients and being particularly suitable for completing minimally invasive surgery.

The length of the fixed jaw connecting rod 13 is 8-20cm due to the different tissue thickness on the bones of different patients. The fixed jaw connecting rod 13 can be made of a sleeve with adjustable length to adapt to different lengths; a kit may also be made that includes multiple components of different lengths to suit different patients. Furthermore, when used for fixation of the femur, the inventors of the present application noted that the anterior-posterior diameter of the upper, middle and lower portions of the adult femoral shaft ranged between 22-35mm, while the anterior-posterior diameter of the 5cm femoral shaft below the lesser trochanter of the chinese was 25.59±2.75mm. In view of the elastic deformation of the metal parts under stress, the inventors of the present application selected the clamping caliber of the bone fixation device, i.e., the diameter of the substantially circular shape formed by the fixed jaw and the movable jaw, to be 20-40mm, with an average value of 26mm. In addition, the outer circumferential shape of the fixed jaw connecting rod 13 may be formed in a rectangular shape in order to be suitable for connection with other devices.

Preferably, in order to obtain a more firm clamping effect, the bone fixation device of the present application may further comprise a fastening reinforcement 31, which in this case is a knob 31 that reinforces the fastening effect with a screw structure. The knob 31 can move forward the moveable jaw connecting rod 23 in the longitudinal direction Z, causing the moveable jaw 21 to bear against the bone 90 to be secured.

It is noted that in the bone fixation device of the present application, a moveable jaw handle 25 has been provided, and the moveable jaw 21 can be urged against the bone 90 to be fixed by manipulating the moveable jaw handle 25. Thus, as described in the previous paragraph, the fastening reinforcement 31 is added only for further enhancing the fastening effect, not as a requirement for clamping the bone.

In addition, in order to enhance the clamping effect, the inner sides of the fixed jaw 11 and the movable jaw 21 may be formed with micro ribs or micro protrusions to increase friction.

Preferably, in order to facilitate the user's gripping of the fixed jaw 11 to manipulate the movable jaw 21, the bone fixation device of the present application may further include a fixed jaw handle 15 coupled to the fixed jaw connecting rod 13.

As one of the alternative shapes suitable for manipulation, said moveable jaw handle 25 of the bone fixation device of the present application is an L-shaped handle (T-shaped handles and the like may be considered as variants of L-shaped handles) comprising a portion extending in the longitudinal direction Z of the rod and a transverse portion extending perpendicular to the longitudinal direction Z; meanwhile, the fixed jaw handle 15 is U-shaped, comprising a first vertical section 156 close to the fixed jaw connecting rod 13, a second vertical section 158 distant from the fixed jaw connecting rod 13, and a bottom section parallel to the rod longitudinal direction Z connecting the first and second vertical sections. The bottom section has a recess 151. Referring to fig. 5, the recess 151 is capable of receiving a lateral portion of the L-shaped handle 25 when the movable jaw 21 is in the home position IP.

The moveable jaw handle 25 may be brought into a proper readiness by providing a recess 151 in the bottom section of the stationary jaw handle 15 to accommodate the moveable jaw handle 25. Referring to fig. 4, when the movable jaw handle 25 is accommodated in the recess 151, the movable jaw 21 is at a specific angle around the longitudinal direction Z of the rod and a specific front-rear position. Before exiting the recess 151, the moveable jaw handle 25 cannot move back and forth along the longitudinal direction Z of the rod nor can it perform a reverse rod-winding motion.

Referring to fig. 5 and 6, the bone fixation device of the present application preferably further provides an anti-rotation means upon reaching a functional position, wherein an end of the moveable jaw handle 25 adjacent to the moveable jaw connecting rod 23 has a rib 253 extending in a longitudinal direction Z; the first vertical section 156 of the U-shaped stationary jaw handle 15 is tubular extending in a longitudinal direction Z and has a channel 153 extending in the longitudinal direction Z; wherein the rib 251 is aligned with the groove 151 when the movable jaw 21 reaches the functional position OP. Thus, the rib 253 can be pushed into the groove 153 while preventing the movable claw 21 from being rotated unintentionally. Further, referring to fig. 4 corresponding to the initial position IP, when the movable jaw 21 is at the initial position IP, since the position corresponding to the rib 253 is not the groove 153, the movable jaw connecting rod 23 is not erroneously pushed to approach the bone. As shown in fig. 6, the cross section of the rib and the groove is preferably rectangular for the convenience of processing. In addition, as a usable size, the length of the rib 253 is 10 to 30mm and the length of the groove 153 is 40 to 100mm.

It should be noted that the anti-rotation means may also be formed by means of said moveable jaw handle 25. For example, a notch extending in the longitudinal direction Z of the rod may be formed at a suitable position of the fixed jaw connecting rod 13, and when the movable jaw handle 25 reaches this notch position (when the movable jaw 21 reaches the functional position), the movable jaw handle 25 may enter the notch and no longer be rotatable about the longitudinal direction Z of the rod.

Alternatively, only the flag may be used to indicate the arrival of the function bit. Marks may be provided only at the ridges 253 and grooves 153 to indicate that the functional position is reached.

Preferably, the second vertical section 158 of the U-shaped fixation jaw handle 15 of the bone fixation device of the present application is tubular extending in the longitudinal direction Z and is threaded; the fastening reinforcement 31 has a bolt portion that mates with the threads of the second vertical section 158 such that the fastening reinforcement 31 forms a threaded connection with the stationary jaw handle 15. The moveable jaw handle 25 may be directly held against the fastening stiffener 31 or may include an enlarged disk portion to interface the fastening stiffener 31 over a larger area. Thereby, the fastening reinforcement 31 can be rotated to cause the fixed jaw handle 15 and the movable jaw handle 25 to move toward each other, and finally the fixed jaw 11 and the movable jaw 21 firmly clamp the bone 90 to be fixed.

Preferably, in the case where the surrounding tissue of the bone to be fixed is substantially intact, the specific position is intentionally selected as the initial position of the movable jaw 21 in order to minimize trauma. Specifically, the bone fixation device of the present application, wherein when in the initial position IP, the movable jaw 21 is in the clamping plane P and adjacent to the fixed jaw 11. As shown in this example, moveable jaw 21 may be significantly smaller in size than fixed jaw 11, for example less than 1/4 or even 1/8 of the circumference of bone 90 to be fixed. Thereby, the movable jaw 21 can follow the fixed jaw 11 to cut into the vicinity of the bone 90 to be fixed, with little additional damage.

Comparing fig. 2 and 3 with each other and fig. 4 and 5 with each other, it can be seen that the initial bit IP in this example is 180 degrees different from the functional bit OP. Therefore, the initial bit IP may be set to 0 degrees±10 degrees and the functional bit OP may be set to 180 degrees±10 degrees in practice.

It should be noted that if a particular adjacent site of the bone 90 to be fixed has been severely damaged to lose extra-osseous tissue thereon or where its original anatomy is less extra-osseous tissue, the moveable jaw 21 may be positioned at the damaged site or where the extra-osseous tissue is less, from that position instead of the default initial position IP to the functional position OP.

Referring to fig. 7, when the movable jaw 21 reaches the functional position, the movable jaw handle 25, the movable jaw coupler 23 are pushed forward using the fastening reinforcement 31, and finally the movable jaw 21 is tightly pushed against the bone 90 to be fixed.

Referring to fig. 8, it is preferable that the fixing jaw 11 in the bone fixing device of the present application includes a wedge-shaped front end 111, and an outer circumferential side of the wedge-shaped front end 111 has a cross-grain portion 113. The wedge shape is advantageous for reducing the resistance of the incision when the jaw 11 is incised into the patient in the vicinity of the bone to be fixed, while the cross-cut 113 helps to separate periosteum from muscle dead points. Preferably, the fixing jaw 11 of the present application is integrally formed.

Preferably, the jaw connecting rod 13 of the bone fixation device of the present application has holes spaced apart in the longitudinal direction Z. The spacing may be 0.8-1.2cm to aid in draining bodily fluids.

Referring to fig. 2, the movable jaw 21 in the bone fixation device of the present application is coupled to the movable jaw connecting rod 23 by a pin or screw, and the movable jaw connecting rod 23 is integrally formed with the movable jaw handle 25, in consideration of manufacturing costs and assembling difficulty. Thereby, the movable jaw connecting rod 23 and the movable jaw handle 25 can be rapidly assembled to the fixed jaw connecting rod 13 by being inserted into the through hole of the fixed jaw connecting rod 13. After that, the movable jaw 21 is connected to the movable jaw connecting rod 23.

Referring to fig. 2, in the bone fixation device of the present application, the fixation jaw 11 is integrally formed with the fixation jaw connecting rod 13 and the U-shaped handle 15 in consideration of manufacturing cost and mechanical properties.

Finally, as a modification of the foregoing example of the specification, a circular through hole may be formed in the movable claw connecting rod 23, and the fixed claw connecting rod 21 rotates within the circular through hole of the movable claw connecting rod 23.

Although various exemplary embodiments of this application have been disclosed, those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that various changes and modifications can be made which will achieve certain advantages of the application without departing from the spirit and scope of the application. It will be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art that other components performing the same functions may be substituted as appropriate. It should be noted that features described with reference to specific figures may be combined with features of other figures, even if not explicitly mentioned. Moreover, the methods of the present application may be implemented in all software using suitable processor instructions or in a hybrid system using a combination of hardware logic and software logic to achieve the same results. Modifications of the inventive concept are intended to be covered by the dependent claims.

Claims

1. A bone fixation device, comprising:

a fixation claw (11) having an origin (O) at the center of a held cross section of a bone (90) to be fixed, the fixation claw (11) being open to the origin (O) by an angle greater than 180 °, the fixation claw (11) defining a clamping plane (P);

an arc-shaped movable jaw (21) capable of being in a functional position (OP) and an Initial Position (IP), when in the functional position, the movable jaw (21) is in the clamping plane (P) and an inner periphery of the movable jaw (21) and an inner periphery of the fixed jaw (11) sandwich the bone (90) to be fixed;

a fixed jaw connecting rod (13) connected to the fixed jaw (11) and comprising a circular through hole (19) extending along the longitudinal direction (Z) of the rod;

a movable claw connecting rod (23) connected with the movable claw (21), and a movable claw handle (25) connected with the movable claw connecting rod (23), the movable claw connecting rod (23) being capable of rotating and moving back and forth in the circular through hole (19) by manipulating the movable claw handle (25);

characterized in that said moveable jaw (21) is rotated about the longitudinal direction (Z) of the lever by turning said moveable jaw handle (25) from said Initial Position (IP) to said functional position (OP);

the bone fixation device further comprises

-a tightening stiffener (31) capable of advancing the moveable jaw connecting rod (23) in a longitudinal direction (Z) to bring the moveable jaw (21) against the bone (90) to be fixed;

a fixed jaw handle (15) connected to the fixed jaw connecting rod (13);

wherein the method comprises the steps of

The moveable jaw handle (25) is an L-shaped handle having a transverse portion perpendicular to the longitudinal direction (Z);

the fixed jaw handle (15) is U-shaped, having a first vertical section proximal to the fixed jaw connecting rod (13), a second vertical section distal to the fixed jaw connecting rod (13), and a bottom section connecting the first and second vertical sections, the bottom section having a recess (151), the recess (151) being capable of receiving at least a portion of a lateral portion of the L-shaped handle;

when in the Initial Position (IP), the movable jaw (21) is located in the clamping plane (P) and adjacent to the fixed jaw (11).

2. The bone fixation device of claim 1, wherein

One end of the moveable claw handle (25) close to the moveable claw connecting rod (23) is provided with a convex rib (253) extending along the longitudinal direction (Z);

the first vertical section of the U-shaped stationary jaw handle (15) is tubular extending in a longitudinal direction (Z) and has a groove (153) extending in the longitudinal direction (Z);

wherein the rib (253) is aligned with the groove (153) when the moveable jaw (21) is in the functional position (OP).

3. The bone fixation device of claim 1, wherein

The second vertical section of the U-shaped stationary jaw handle (15) is tubular extending in a longitudinal direction (Z) and is threaded;

the fastening reinforcement (31) has a thread corresponding to the second vertical section thread, so that the fastening reinforcement (31) forms a threaded connection with the stationary jaw handle (15).

4. The bone fixation device according to claim 1, wherein the fixation jaw (11) comprises a wedge-shaped front end (111), the outer circumferential side of the wedge-shaped front end (111) having a cross-grain portion (113).

5. Bone fixation device according to claim 1, wherein the fixation jaw connecting rod (13) has holes spaced apart in the longitudinal direction (Z).

6. Bone fixation device according to claim 1, wherein the moveable jaw (21) is connected to the moveable jaw connecting rod (23) by means of a bolt or screw, the moveable jaw connecting rod (23) being integrally formed with the moveable jaw handle (25).

7. Bone fixation device according to claim 1, wherein the fixation jaw (11) is integrally formed with the fixation jaw connecting rod (13) and the fixation jaw handle (15).