JP6892795B2 - Traction device - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a traction device used in a surgical operation for treating a fracture or the like.

Fracture refers to a state in which the continuity of bone is cut off, but there are various aspects of fracture. They range from mild fractures with fissures in the bone to severe comminuted fractures with more than one piece of bone. There are also various aspects of crushed fractures, from mild to severe with large sphenoid fragments and severe with more bone fragments.

Especially when the bone at the fractured site is morphologically shortened, it is necessary to pull the fragment on the distal side in the distal direction to reduce the fractured site.

To pull the bone fragment on the distal side in the distal direction, there is a direct traction method or a direct traction method in which a steel wire is passed directly through the bone. In the direct traction method, a load is applied to the steel wire passed through the bone. A traction device that connects to a weight or the like is used.

The invention described in Patent Document 1 shows a state in which a steel wire is passed through a leg bone and the steel wire is pulled by a traction device to reduce the tibia in the treatment of a fracture of the tibia.

FIG. 6 is FIG. 1 of Patent Document 1. The steel wire 2 is inserted into the bone of the foot, and both ends of the steel wire 2 pass through the holes (or grooves) at both ends of the U-shaped arm 1 and are fixed to the traction device with bolts 3 and 6. There is. The fracture occurred in the tibia at position 45.

The central portion of the U-shaped arm 1 is connected to the rod 13 and the weight 22 connected to the tip of the cable 23 attached to the end 19 pulls the leg bone and reduces the tibia.

In addition to the traction device described in Patent Document 1, various traction devices are used in the medical field, and there is also a type of traction device called Mr. Volschart's tension bow, as shown in FIG. 7, for example.

As shown in FIG. 7, this type of traction device consists of parts such as a handle, a male screw, a main arm connecting plate, left and right main arms, a central connecting plate, left and right connecting plates, and left and right holding plates. A tip claw is formed at the tip of the arm.

First, it is applied to the part that pulls the left and right main arms, and the part that protrudes from the tissue such as the bone of the inserted steel wire is sandwiched between the left and right tip claws and the left and right holding plates. After that, apply the left and right holding plates to the steel wire, and turn the handle in the direction in which the left and right main arms open. As a result, the male screw rotates, the central connecting plate is lowered to the tip claw side, the left and right connecting plates are tilted in the horizontal direction, and the left and right main arms are expanded outward.

When the left and right main arms expand outward, the left and right tip claws move diagonally upward around the left and right main arm rotation axes, so that the left and right holding plates and the left and right tip claws The sandwiched steel wire is fixed at the tip.

In cases where a large traction device such as the traction device described in Patent Document 1 or the traction device shown in FIG. 7 cannot be used, for example, in finger surgery, the left and right ends of the inserted steel wire are bent. After making the entire steel wire into an isosceles triangle shape, both ends of the steel wire are tied, and the operator's finger is put into the isosceles triangle steel wire and pulled.

In the traction device described in Patent Document 1, since it is necessary to fix the steel wire 2 with bolts 5 and 6, it is troublesome and difficult to miniaturize. Further, even in the traction device shown in FIG. 7, the number of parts is large and it is difficult to reduce the size, and fixing the steel wire is troublesome as in the traction device described in Patent Document 1. Further, in the method of making a steel wire into an isosceles triangle without using a traction device, the steel wire is not stable and sufficient traction force cannot be applied to the bone.

SU1109145

An object of the present invention is to provide a traction device having a structure that can easily grip a steel wire and can be used for surgery such as a finger fracture.

The first invention is a handle having a handle body and a shaft portion, an outer main body having a top wall and a pair of side walls and having a through hole at the top through which the shaft portion is inserted, and a top wall and a pair of side walls. A traction device having an inner main body having a female screw portion screwed to a male screw portion provided on the shaft portion at the top thereof, the pair of side walls of the outer main body and the inner main body. The pair of side walls face each other and are traction devices having grooves at positions separated from the tips of the outer main body and the inner main body by the same distance.

Since this instrument has a simple structure, it can be miniaturized and can be used for surgery for small fractures such as hand bones. In addition, since both ends of the steel wire inserted into the bone or the like can be easily grasped and fixed by slightly rotating the handle, the burden on the operator performing the operation can be reduced and the operation time can be shortened. .. At the same time, it is possible to increase the size, and the large one can be used for traction of long bones such as the femur.

The second invention is the traction device according to the first invention, wherein the outer main body and the inner main body have a slide mechanism in the axial direction of the male screw portion.

Since the outer main body and the inner main body have this slide mechanism, it is possible to prevent the gripped steel wire from being twisted when the handle is rotated.

In the third invention, the slide mechanism is provided with a convex portion on either the inner side surface of the side wall of the outer main body or the outer side surface of the side wall of the inner main body, and the convex portion is slidably stored in the other. The traction device according to the second invention, which is characterized by having a recess.

By forming the slide mechanism with such convex portions and concave portions, the structure is simple and the manufacturing cost can be reduced.

According to the traction device of the present invention, it is possible to provide a traction device having a structure that can easily grip a steel wire and can be used for surgery such as a broken finger.

FIG. 1 is a left side view (A), a front view (B), and a perspective view (C) of an embodiment of a traction device according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a front view (A) and a right side view (B) of the handle used in the embodiment. FIG. 3 is a front view (A) and a right side view (B) of the outer main body used in the embodiment. FIG. 4 is a front view (A) and a right side view (B) of the inner main body used in the embodiment. FIG. 5 is a schematic view when the traction device of the embodiment is used for a fracture operation of a finger of a hand. FIG. 6 is FIG. 1 described in Patent Document 1. FIG. 7 is a schematic view when a conventional traction device, Mr. Bolschart's tension bow, is used.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail, exemplary, with reference to the drawings. However, the dimensions, materials, shapes, relative arrangements, etc. of the components and various manufacturing conditions described in this embodiment are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention to them unless otherwise specified. , Is just an example of explanation. Further, for convenience, the directions of the members and the like may be referred to as up, down, left and right depending on the directions on the drawings, but these do not limit the directions of the members and the like when carrying out or using the present invention.

FIG. 1 shows an embodiment according to the present invention. The traction device 1 has a very simple structure composed of only three parts, a handle 2, an outer main body 3 and an inner main body 4.

As shown in FIG. 2, the handle 2 has a handle body 21 and a shaft portion 22, and the shaft portion 22 includes a male screw portion 23 on the tip side of the shaft portion 22 and a shank portion 24 connected above the male screw portion. A small diameter portion 25 and a large diameter portion 26 connected above the shank portion 24 are provided in the middle portion of the shank portion 24. The large diameter portion 26 and the handle body 21 are connected by a connecting portion 27.

The handle body 21 of the embodiment has an annular shape, and it is possible to pull the operator's finger by inserting the operator's finger into the annulus, and a wire with a weight can be hooked on the annulus. it can. Further, the shape of the handle body 21 is not limited to an annular shape, and may be various shapes such as a bar shape and a butterfly shape.

As shown in FIG. 3, the outer main body 3 of this embodiment has an inverted U shape, has a top wall 31 and a pair of side walls 32, and is a groove on the left side where a steel wire enters the tip of the side wall 32. The right groove 34 is formed, and these grooves are located at the same position from the tip position of the side wall 32, and the groove width is formed so as to be slightly wider than the width of the steel wire used for orthopedic surgery.

There is a protrusion 35 in the center of the inverted U-shaped top wall 31, a hole 36 through which the shaft portion 22 is inserted is formed, and a female screw 37 for fixing is formed from the left side surface of the protrusion 35 for fixing. The female screw 37 and the hole 36 communicate with each other.

The fixing screw 39 (FIG. 1A) is screwed with the fixing female screw 37 so as to be close to the small diameter portion 25 of the shaft portion 22 inserted into the hole 36 so that the handle 2 does not come off from the outer main body 3.

A convex portion 38 projects inward on the inner surface of the side wall 32, and the convex portion 38 enters the concave portion 46 of FIG. 4, so that the outer main body 3 and the inner main body 4 can slide with each other in the axial direction of the male screw portion 23. It has become like. The recess 46 may penetrate from the inner side surface to the outer surface as shown in FIG. 4, or may not penetrate to the outer surface.

As shown in FIG. 4, the inner main body 4 of this embodiment has an inverted U shape, has a top wall 41 and a pair of side walls 42, and is a groove on the left side in which a steel wire enters the tip of the side wall 42. 43 and a groove 44 on the right side are formed, and these grooves are co-located from the tip position of the side wall 42, and the groove width is formed so as to be slightly wider than the width of the steel wire used for orthopedic surgery. .. A female screw 45 to be screwed to the male screw portion 23 is formed in the center of the inverted U-shaped top wall 41.

As can be seen from FIG. 1B and perspective view 1C, which are front views in which the handle 2, the outer main body 3 and the inner main body 4 are combined, the grooves 33, 34, 43, 44 are in the same position with respect to the vertical direction. When a steel wire penetrating a tissue such as a bone is fitted into these grooves and the handle body 21 is turned in either direction, the lower surface of the large diameter portion 26 of the handle 2 is in contact with the upper surface of the protruding portion 35 of the outer body 3. Since they are in contact with each other, the inner main body 4 slides downward or upward in the axial direction of the male screw portion 23 with respect to the outer main body 3. By this slide, either the upper or lower inner wall of the grooves 43 and 44 of the inner main body 4 presses the steel wire fitted in the groove, so that the steel wire is firmly gripped by the traction device.

Since the traction is performed in the upward direction of FIG. 1, the steel wire is towed in the upward direction of FIG. Therefore, since the inner main body 4 is also pulled upward, it is preferable that the inner main body slides upward when gripping the steel wire, and therefore, the screw of the male thread portion 23 is preferably a right-hand thread.

Since the traction device according to the present invention has such a very simple structure, it is not necessary to fix the steel wire to the traction device with bolts 5 and 6 as in the traction device of FIG. , It is not necessary to pay attention so that the steel wire does not shift from between the tip claw and the holding plate as in the traction device shown in FIG. The traction device according to the present invention can fix the steel wire to the traction device in a very short time.

FIG. 5 shows that the traction device of the embodiment is actually used for the surgical treatment of the fracture of the hand bone. The fractured finger is the proximal phalanx of the third finger of the right hand, and in the figure, it has a crushed fracture in which the bone fragment breaks down into four. Due to this crushed fracture, the fractured proximal phalanx is shortened, thus pulling the intermediate phalanx, which is the distal adjacent bone of the fractured proximal phalanx for treatment, to the distal side.

The steel wire inserted into the intermediate phalanx of the third finger can be grasped by the traction device according to the embodiment of the present invention, and the operator's finger can be placed on the handle body to easily pull the steel wire in the direction of the arrow.

Since the number of parts constituting the traction device, which is a feature of the present invention, is small and the size can be reduced, traction is possible without being interfered with by the II finger or the IV finger adjacent to the III finger. It has become.

1: Traction device 2: Handle 3: Outer body 4: Inner body 21: Handle body 22: Shaft 23: Male thread 24: Shank 25: Small diameter 26: Large diameter 27: Connecting 31: Top wall 32 : Side wall 33: Groove (left side of outer body)
34: Groove (right side of outer body)
35: Protruding part 36: Hole 37: Female screw for fixing 38: Convex part 39: Fixing screw 41: Top wall 42: Side wall 43: Groove (left side of inner body)
44: Groove (on the right side of the inner body)
45: Female screw 46: Recessed

Claims (3)

With a handle that has a handle body and shaft,
An outer main body having a top wall and a pair of side walls and having a through hole at the top through which the shaft portion is inserted.
A traction device having a top wall and a pair of side walls, and an inner body having a top having a female screw portion screwed to a male screw portion provided on the shaft portion.
The pair of side walls of the outer body and the pair of side walls of the inner body face each other.
A traction device having a groove at a position separated from the outer body and the tip of the inner body by the same distance. The traction device according to claim 1, wherein the outer main body and the inner main body have a slide mechanism in the axial direction of the male screw portion. The slide mechanism is provided with a convex portion on either one of the inner side surface of the side wall of the outer main body and the outer surface of the side wall of the inner main body, and the other side is provided with a concave portion for slidably accommodating the convex portion. The traction device according to claim 2.

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