CN108968721B - Soybean milk machine head assembly and soybean milk machine - Google Patents

Soybean milk machine head assembly and soybean milk machine Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108968721B
CN108968721B CN201710404941.5A CN201710404941A CN108968721B CN 108968721 B CN108968721 B CN 108968721B CN 201710404941 A CN201710404941 A CN 201710404941A CN 108968721 B CN108968721 B CN 108968721B
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China
Prior art keywords
head assembly
powder
soymilk
machine head
assembly according
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CN201710404941.5A
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CN108968721A (en
Inventor
李兴航
曹达华
黄宇华
李康
李洪伟
杨玲
屈雪平
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Foshan Shunde Midea Electrical Heating Appliances Manufacturing Co Ltd
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Foshan Shunde Midea Electrical Heating Appliances Manufacturing Co Ltd
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47J—KITCHEN EQUIPMENT; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; APPARATUS FOR MAKING BEVERAGES
    • A47J43/00—Implements for preparing or holding food, not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • A47J43/04—Machines for domestic use not covered elsewhere, e.g. for grinding, mixing, stirring, kneading, emulsifying, whipping or beating foodstuffs, e.g. power-driven
    • A47J43/044—Machines for domestic use not covered elsewhere, e.g. for grinding, mixing, stirring, kneading, emulsifying, whipping or beating foodstuffs, e.g. power-driven with tools driven from the top side
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47J—KITCHEN EQUIPMENT; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; APPARATUS FOR MAKING BEVERAGES
    • A47J43/00—Implements for preparing or holding food, not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • A47J43/04—Machines for domestic use not covered elsewhere, e.g. for grinding, mixing, stirring, kneading, emulsifying, whipping or beating foodstuffs, e.g. power-driven
    • A47J43/07—Parts or details, e.g. mixing tools, whipping tools
    • A47J43/0705—Parts or details, e.g. mixing tools, whipping tools for machines with tools driven from the upper side
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47J—KITCHEN EQUIPMENT; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; APPARATUS FOR MAKING BEVERAGES
    • A47J43/00—Implements for preparing or holding food, not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • A47J43/04—Machines for domestic use not covered elsewhere, e.g. for grinding, mixing, stirring, kneading, emulsifying, whipping or beating foodstuffs, e.g. power-driven
    • A47J43/07—Parts or details, e.g. mixing tools, whipping tools
    • A47J43/0705—Parts or details, e.g. mixing tools, whipping tools for machines with tools driven from the upper side
    • A47J43/0711—Parts or details, e.g. mixing tools, whipping tools for machines with tools driven from the upper side mixing, whipping or cutting tools
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47J—KITCHEN EQUIPMENT; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; APPARATUS FOR MAKING BEVERAGES
    • A47J43/00—Implements for preparing or holding food, not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • A47J43/04—Machines for domestic use not covered elsewhere, e.g. for grinding, mixing, stirring, kneading, emulsifying, whipping or beating foodstuffs, e.g. power-driven
    • A47J43/07—Parts or details, e.g. mixing tools, whipping tools
    • A47J43/08—Driving mechanisms
    • A47J43/082—Driving mechanisms for machines with tools driven from the upper side
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D1/62—Plasma-deposition of organic layers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D2506/00—Halogenated polymers
    • B05D2506/10—Fluorinated polymers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D2506/00—Halogenated polymers
    • B05D2506/10—Fluorinated polymers
    • B05D2506/15—Polytetrafluoroethylene [PTFE]

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of electric heating appliances and discloses a soybean milk machine head assembly and a soybean milk machine, wherein the soybean milk machine head assembly comprises a protective cover (4), a motor shaft (5), a blade (6) and an anti-overflow rod (7), wherein a non-stick coating (2) is formed on the surface of a substrate (1) of at least one of the protective cover (4), the motor shaft (5), the blade (6) and the anti-overflow rod (7), and the non-stick coating (2) comprises a mixed layer of a hard compound and a polymer. The soymilk machine has the advantages of anti-sticking, wear resistance, high surface hardness, high coating binding force, noise reduction and the like.

Description

Soybean milk machine head assembly and soybean milk machine
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electric heating appliances, in particular to a soybean milk machine head assembly and a soybean milk machine.
Background
The existing soybean milk machine head components all use 304 stainless steel or 430 stainless steel, and comprise a protective cover, a motor shaft, a blade and an anti-overflow rod, work is carried out after polishing treatment is carried out on the surface of the stainless steel, and the machine head is difficult to clean after long-time work or long-time placement of residues such as bean dregs and stains are easy to remain on the surface, so that the consumer experience is seriously affected. The surface hardness of the general fluorine resin non-stick coating is too low, so that the coating is easily damaged in the soybean beating process of the soybean milk machine, and the coating is enabled to fall off and lose efficacy; the surface hardness of the ceramic non-sticky coating is slightly high, but the ceramic non-sticky coating is not suitable for being manufactured in a soymilk machine, and failure phenomena such as peeling and the like can occur in the bean impact process of a machine head stirrer.
Patent application CN201220427936.9 discloses that nitriding is performed after sanding treatment on stainless steel of a soymilk machine liner to form a high-hardness nitrided layer, and the nitrided layer has wear resistance, high hardness and non-tackiness. However, the surface of the nitriding layer does not have the function of easy cleaning, so that stains and bean dregs on the surfaces of the machine barrel and the machine head of the soymilk machine still exist easily, and the cleaning is difficult.
Patent application CN201520037398.6 discloses a modified fluororesin non-stick coating, which is prepared by adding a certain amount of graphene into fluororesin to realize the non-stick function. However, in practical application, the coating is easy to fall off, and the requirements of working environments such as bean impact, blade rotation and the like in the soymilk machine on the performance of the coating are particularly high.
Therefore, other measures are needed to treat the inner container and the head assembly of the soymilk machine so as to realize the function of easy cleaning of the surface, and in addition, the largest pain point of the soymilk machine is large in noise, so that the soymilk machine with the advantages of anti-sticking, wear resistance, high surface hardness and noise reduction is developed, and the soymilk machine has great market application prospect.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the problems in the prior art and provide a soybean milk machine head assembly and a soybean milk machine, wherein the soybean milk machine has the advantages of anti-sticking, wear resistance, high surface hardness, high coating binding force, noise reduction and the like.
In order to achieve the above object, in a first aspect, the present invention provides a head assembly of a soymilk machine, comprising a protective cover, a motor shaft, a blade, and a spill-proof rod, wherein a non-stick coating layer comprising a mixed layer of a hard compound and a polymer is formed on a surface of a base of at least one of the protective cover, the motor shaft, the blade, and the spill-proof rod.
In a second aspect, the invention provides a soymilk machine, which comprises a soymilk machine head assembly and an inner container, wherein the soymilk machine head assembly is the soymilk machine head assembly.
In the soymilk machine, the interior and the surface of the non-stick coating are uniformly mixed by hard compound particles (such as ceramic particles) and polymer particles (such as fluororesin particles), so that the non-stick coating has good non-stick property, high hardness and wear resistance, the non-stick coating prepared by a plasma spraying process is mechanically combined with a matrix and is accompanied with partial metallurgical bonding, the bonding strength of the non-stick coating and the matrix is 35-50MPa (preferably 40-50 MPa), and the non-stick coating cannot fall off under long-term working; the surface hardness of the non-stick coating is 350-550HV (preferably 450-550 HV), and the hardness of stainless steel used for the matrix is generally about 200HV, so that the coating has better wear resistance, and the coating can not fall off, can not be damaged after long-term working and other failure problems in the collision with beans and the whipping process of soybean milk; the surface wetting angle of the non-stick coating is 90-120 degrees, the non-stick performance is good, and the soybean milk machine head, the surface of the liner and other impurities are easy to clean after cooking and manufacturing are completed. Meanwhile, the interior of the non-stick coating has a certain microscopic pore, the porosity is 3-10%, when the coating with a certain pore is prepared on the head of the soymilk machine, a certain sound absorption and noise reduction function can be generated, and after the coating is used, the average sound power level of the soymilk machine is reduced by 3-6db on the basis of 75-80db (75-80 db when the non-stick coating is not sprayed).
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a head assembly of a soymilk machine of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the non-stick coating of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a microstructure of the modified PFA powder obtained in preparation example 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a microscopic topography of a prior art PFA powder.
Fig. 5 is a front view of the sensor placement positions in a hemispherical ten-point method test, wherein 1'-10' are respectively ten corresponding sensors, and r is the radius of the hemispherical surface.
Fig. 6 is a top view of the sensor placement positions in a hemispherical ten-point method test, wherein 1'-10' are respectively ten sensors.
Description of the reference numerals
1 is a substrate, 2 is a non-stick coating, 3 is a sanding layer, 4 is a protective cover, 5 is a motor shaft, 6 is a blade, 7 is an anti-overflow rod, 8 is a measuring surface, and 9 is a workpiece to be measured.
Detailed Description
The endpoints and any values of the ranges disclosed herein are not limited to the precise range or value, and are understood to encompass values approaching those ranges or values. For numerical ranges, one or more new numerical ranges may be found between the endpoints of each range, between the endpoint of each range and the individual point value, and between the individual point value, in combination with each other, and are to be considered as specifically disclosed herein.
In a first aspect, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the present invention provides a head assembly of a soymilk machine, which includes a protective cover 4, a motor shaft 5, a blade 6, and a spill-proof rod 7, wherein a non-stick coating 2 is formed on a surface of a base 1 of at least one of the protective cover 4, the motor shaft 5, the blade 6, and the spill-proof rod 7, and the non-stick coating 2 includes a mixed layer of a hard compound and a polymer. Wherein the mixed layer of the hard compound and the polymer is a coating formed by mixed powder of hard compound powder and polymer powder, namely a hard compound/polymer coating.
As can be seen from fig. 1, the positional relationship among the protection cover 4, the motor shaft 5, the blade 6 and the overflow preventing rod 7 is a positional relationship of a head assembly of a soymilk machine commonly used in the art, for example: the motor shaft 5 extends into the liner from the protective cover 4, the blade 6 is positioned at the tail end of the motor shaft 5, and the overflow preventing rod 7 is positioned at one side of the protective cover 4 for protecting.
Preferably, the protective cover 4, the motor shaft 5, the blade 6 and the spill-proof rod 7 are formed with a non-stick coating 2 on the surface of the base body 1. Wherein, the material of the base body 1 of the protection cover 4, the motor shaft 5, the blade 6 and the anti-overflow bar 7 is stainless steel.
Preferably, the hard compound is at least one of aluminum oxide, titanium oxide, copper oxide, silver oxide, iron oxide, silicon carbide, silicon nitride, tungsten carbide, and tungsten nitride.
Preferably, the polymer is PTFE and/or PFA.
Preferably, in the non-stick coating layer 2, the weight ratio of the polymer to the hard compound is 1:2-6, further preferably 1:3-5.
Preferably, the thickness of the non-stick coating 2 is 30 to 500. Mu.m, more preferably 50 to 300. Mu.m, still more preferably 100 to 250. Mu.m.
Preferably, a sanding layer 3 is provided between the substrate 1 and the non-stick coating 2.
Preferably, the sanding layer 3 has a surface roughness Ra 2-8 μm.
Preferably, the non-stick coating 2 is prepared by a process comprising the steps of:
(1) Performing sanding treatment and degreasing treatment on the surface of the substrate 1 to form a sanding layer 3 on the surface of the substrate 1;
(2) The hard compound powder and the polymer powder are mixed to obtain a powder mixture, and the powder mixture is subjected to plasma spraying treatment to form the non-stick coating 2 on the surface of the sanding layer 3.
In the step (1), the method of the sanding treatment and the degreasing treatment is not particularly limited, and various methods commonly used in the art may be used. For example, a method of sanding includes: the sand grain of 60-150 meshes (such as glass sand, brown steel sand, black brown jade, white corundum, carborundum and the like) is adopted, the air jet pressure is controlled to be 0.2-0.9MPa, and the surface roughness of the obtained sanding layer 3 is Ra 2-8 mu m. After the sanding treatment, the fine powder particles and the like remaining on the inner surface of the substrate need to be removed, and the method of removal is not particularly limited, and the particles may be removed by blowing with a high-pressure air stream or washing with water, which are well known to those skilled in the art and are not described herein. For example, the degreasing treatment may include alkali washing, acid washing, water washing and high-temperature drying (e.g., drying at 200-450 ℃ C. For 10-15 min) in this order.
In the step (2), the surface of the substrate obtained in the step (1) is preferably preheated to 100-150 ℃ before the plasma spraying treatment.
Preferably, in the step (2), the hard compound is at least one of aluminum oxide, titanium oxide, copper oxide, silver oxide, iron oxide, silicon carbide, silicon nitride, tungsten carbide, and tungsten nitride. Each of the foregoing hard compounds is commercially available.
Preferably, the particle diameter D50 of the hard compound powder is 2 to 200. Mu.m, more preferably 10 to 150. Mu.m.
Preferably, 80% or more, more preferably 90% or more of the hard compound powder has a sphericity of 70 to 100%, more preferably 90 to 99%.
Preferably, the flowability of the hard compound powder is 10 to 30s/50g, more preferably 10 to 20s/50g.
Preferably, in step (2), the polymer powder is PTFE powder and/or PFA powder.
Preferably, 80% or more, more preferably 90% or more of the polymer powder has a sphericity of 70% to 99%, more preferably 90% to 99%.
Preferably, the particle diameter D50 of the polymer powder is 5 to 200. Mu.m, more preferably 20 to 100. Mu.m, still more preferably 40 to 100. Mu.m, still more preferably 45 to 60. Mu.m.
Preferably, the flowability of the polymer powder is 10-25s/50g, more preferably 10-20s/50g.
Preferably, the purity of the polymer powder is 90% to 99.99%, more preferably 99% to 99.9%.
Wherein, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that sphericity is the ratio of the surface area of a sphere of the same volume as the particle to the surface area of the particle, sphericity of the sphere is equal to 1, and sphericity of other asperities is less than 1. The sphericity of the polymer powder of 80% or more is 70% -99%, which means that the number or probability of the polymer powder particles of 70% -99% sphericity in the polymer powder sampled arbitrarily is 80% or more of the number proportion or probability proportion of the total polymer powder particles in the sample.
Wherein the polymer powder is obtained by performing special fluidization modification treatment, and preferably, the polymer powder meeting the parameter conditions is prepared by a method comprising the following steps:
(a) Mixing a common polymer powder (such as a common PTFE powder and/or a common PFA powder, which are commercially available), a binder, a lubricant, and water to prepare a slurry;
(b) And carrying out spray drying treatment on the slurry.
Preferably, in step (a), the polymer powder is present in an amount of 30 to 60 wt%, more preferably 38 to 55 wt%, based on the weight of the slurry; the content of the binder is 0.2 to 2 wt%, more preferably 0.2 to 0.5 wt%; the content of the lubricant is 0.5 to 3 wt%, further preferably 1 to 3 wt%; the water content is 35 to 68% by weight, more preferably 42 to 60% by weight.
Preferably, in step (a), the binder is at least one of polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl chloride and polyacrylate.
Preferably, in step (a), the lubricant is at least one of glycerin, paraffin wax and graphite.
Preferably, in step (b), the spray drying treatment is air-flow atomization drying, and the conditions of the air-flow atomization drying include: the atomization pressure is 0.3-0.6MPa, more preferably 0.3-0.5MPa; the flow rate of the atomized air flow is 1-4m 3 Preferably 1 to 3m 3 /h; the inlet temperature is 200-400 ℃, and more preferably 300-350 ℃; the temperature of the air outlet is 50-200 ℃, and more preferably 50-150 ℃.
Preferably, in step (2), the weight ratio of the polymer powder to the hard compound powder in the powder mixture is 1:2-6, further preferably 1:3-5.
Preferably, in step (2), the conditions of the plasma spraying process include: the spraying power is 25-45kW, and more preferably 30-40kW; the spraying distance is 60-100mm, and more preferably 85-95mm; the spraying angle is 70-90 degrees, more preferably 75-85 degrees; the powder feeding amount is 3.5-10g/min, more preferably 5-7g/min; (the spraying temperature of the polymer powder is 300-350 ℃, more preferably 315-335 ℃, and the spraying temperature of the hard compound is 2800-3200 ℃, more preferably 2900-3100 ℃, and the temperature is automatically controlled in the plasma spraying process); the spraying current is 550-600A, more preferably 570-580A; the spray thickness is 30 to 500. Mu.m, more preferably 50 to 300. Mu.m, still more preferably 100 to 250. Mu.m; the main gas is argon, the auxiliary gas is hydrogen, the flow rate of the hydrogen is 2-6L/min, and more preferably 3-5L/min; the argon flow is 25-35L/min, and more preferably 28-32L/min.
Wherein, before the plasma spraying treatment, the powder can be mixed and stirred for 1-2 hours, and then dried for 1-1.5 hours at 100-120 ℃.
In a second aspect, the invention provides a soymilk machine, which comprises a soymilk machine head assembly and an inner container, wherein the soymilk machine head assembly is the soymilk machine head assembly.
Preferably, the inner container of the soymilk machine comprises an inner container base body and a non-stick coating formed on the inner container base body, wherein the non-stick coating comprises a mixed layer of a hard compound and a polymer.
It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the composition and preparation method of the non-stick coating formed on the liner substrate and the non-stick coating formed on the soymilk machine head assembly substrate are the same, and specific reference is made to the corresponding content above, and the detailed description is not repeated here.
The present invention will be described in detail by way of preparation examples and examples. In the following preparation examples and examples, each material used is commercially available and each method used is a method commonly used in the art unless otherwise specified.
The particle size D50 of the powder was measured using a laser particle size analyzer (available from Xiamen king electronics Co., ltd., model KW 510).
The sphericity of the powder particles was determined using a particle image analyzer (model PIP8.1, available from zhuhai euro-mek instruments).
Powder flowability was measured according to GB1482-84 using a Hall flowmeter.
The purity of the powder was determined by means of an automatic polarimeter (from Aituo China, model AP-300).
The contact angle measurement instrument (available from Shenzhen Xin Heng Sen trade Co., ltd., model XHSCZA-2) was used to measure the original contact angle and the post-friction contact angle, and the measurement range was 0-180 degrees.
The ordinary PFA powder was purchased from Dajinfu paint (Shanghai) Co., ltd, particle diameter D50 of 15 μm, sphericity of 95% powder of 18%, fluidity of 78s/50g and purity of 94%.
The usual PTFE powder was purchased from Dajinfu paint Co., ltd., particle diameter D50 was 28 μm, sphericity of 96% powder was 22%, flowability was 64s/50g, and purity was 95%.
Polyvinyl alcohol was purchased from Shanghai Fox spring technology Co., ltd, model number PVA1788.
Polyvinyl chloride was purchased from Shanghai Ji Ning, inc., model number K55-59.
Polyacrylate was purchased from Changzhou Chunjiang chemical company under the model number SL325.
Alumina powder was purchased from Beijing Yao technology development Co., ltd, particle size D50 of 25 μm,95% sphericity of 95% powder, flowability of 12s/50g.
Titanium oxide powder was purchased from Beijing Yao technology development Co., ltd, particle size D50 of 22 μm,95% of powder sphericity of 92%, flowability of 18s/50g.
Silicon carbide powder was purchased from Beijing Yao technology development Co., ltd, particle size D50 of 34 μm,95% sphericity of 94% and flowability of 16s/50g.
Tungsten nitride powder was purchased from Beijing Yao technology development Co., ltd, particle size D50 of 42 μm,94% of powder sphericity of 96%, flowability of 19s/50g.
Preparation example 1
(1) 47.6kg of ordinary PFA powder, 0.4kg of polyvinyl alcohol, 2kg of glycerin and 50kg of water were mixed to prepare a slurry;
(2) Air-atomizing the slurry to drynessDrying treatment, wherein the conditions of air flow atomization drying comprise: the atomization pressure is 0.4MPa, and the flow rate of the atomization airflow is 2m 3 And/h, the inlet temperature is 320 ℃, the air outlet temperature is 100 ℃, and the modified PFA powder S1 is obtained.
As a result of measurement, the particle diameter D50 of the modified PFA powder was 52. Mu.m, the sphericity of 96% of the powder was 95%, the flowability was 15s/50g, and the purity was 99.9%. The microstructure of the modified PFA powder is shown in fig. 3.
Preparation example 2
(1) 54.8kg of ordinary PFA powder, 0.2kg of polyvinyl chloride, 3kg of paraffin wax and 42kg of water were mixed to prepare a slurry;
(2) Carrying out airflow atomization drying treatment on the slurry, wherein the airflow atomization drying conditions comprise: the atomization pressure is 0.3MPa, and the flow rate of the atomization airflow is 1m 3 And/h, the inlet temperature is 300 ℃, the air outlet temperature is 60 ℃, and the modified PFA powder S2 is obtained.
The particle diameter D50 of the modified PFA powder was determined to be 46 μm, the sphericity of 95% of the powder was 93%, the flowability was 13s/50g, and the purity was 99.5%.
Preparation example 3
(1) 38.5kg of ordinary PFA powder, 0.5kg of polyacrylate, 1kg of graphite and 60kg of water were mixed to prepare a slurry;
(2) Carrying out airflow atomization drying treatment on the slurry, wherein the airflow atomization drying conditions comprise: the atomization pressure is 0.5MPa, and the flow rate of the atomization airflow is 3m 3 And/h, wherein the inlet temperature is 350 ℃, the air outlet temperature is 140 ℃, and the modified PFA powder S3 is obtained.
As a result of measurement, the particle diameter D50 of the modified PFA powder was 59. Mu.m, the sphericity of 95% of the powder was 98%, the flowability was 18s/50g, and the purity was 99.9%.
Preparation example 4
(1) A slurry was prepared by mixing 32.2kg of ordinary PFA powder, 1kg of polyvinyl alcohol, 1.8kg of glycerin and 65kg of water;
(2) Carrying out airflow atomization drying treatment on the slurry, wherein the airflow atomization drying conditions comprise: the atomization pressure is 0.58MPa, and the flow rate of the atomization airflow is 3.9m 3 And/h, the inlet temperature is 210 ℃, the outlet temperature is 52 ℃, and the product is obtainedTo modified PFA powder S4.
The particle diameter D50 of the modified PFA powder was measured to be 42 μm, the sphericity of 90% of the powder was 75%, the flowability was 12s/50g, and the purity was 96%.
Preparation example 5
(1) A slurry was prepared by mixing 58kg of ordinary PFA powder, 1.8kg of polyvinyl alcohol, 0.6kg of glycerin and 39.6kg of water;
(2) Carrying out airflow atomization drying treatment on the slurry, wherein the airflow atomization drying conditions comprise: the atomization pressure is 0.32MPa, and the flow rate of atomization airflow is 3.2m 3 And/h, wherein the inlet temperature is 390 ℃, the air outlet temperature is 195 ℃, and the modified PFA powder S5 is obtained.
The particle diameter D50 of the modified PFA powder was 98 μm, the sphericity of 88% of the powder was 90%, the flowability was 24s/50g, and the purity was 99.7%.
Preparation example 6
The procedure of preparation example 1 was followed except that the ordinary PFA powder was replaced with an ordinary PTFE powder to obtain a modified PTFE powder.
The particle diameter D50 of the modified PTFE powder was determined to be 56. Mu.m, the sphericity of 94% of the powder was 94%, the flowability was 17s/50g and the purity was 99.8%.
Example 1
The soybean milk machine head assembly comprises a protective cover, a motor shaft, a blade and an anti-overflow rod, wherein the protective cover, the motor shaft, the blade and the anti-overflow rod are made of stainless steel, the base material of the inner container of the soybean milk machine is made of stainless steel, the soybean milk machine comprises the soybean milk machine head assembly and the inner container, and the non-stick coating is prepared on the surfaces of the protective cover, the motor shaft, the blade, the anti-overflow rod and the base material of the inner container by adopting a plasma spraying method, and the specific method is as follows:
(1) Pretreating a substrate, wherein the pretreatment method comprises the following steps: a) Deoiling at 55deg.C for 8 min; b) Washing with deionized water; c) Drying at 100deg.C for 5min; d) Adopting 60-80 mesh brown steel sand, carrying out sand blasting treatment on the surface of the matrix under the air jet pressure of 0.6MPa to ensure that the surface roughness of the matrix is Ra 3 mu m, and then blowing out residual powder particles on the surface of the matrix by using air flow; e) Alkaline washing with 40 wt% NaOH solution at 80℃for 1 minute; f) Neutralizing with 20 wt% nitric acid solution for 3 min; g) Washing with deionized water, and drying at 300 ℃ for 12 minutes;
(2) Preheating the surface of the substrate obtained in the step (1) to 120 ℃;
(3) Mixing 150kg of aluminum oxide powder and 50kg of modified PFA powder S1, drying at 110 ℃ for 1h to obtain a powder mixture, and performing plasma spraying treatment on the powder mixture to form a non-stick coating on the surface of a substrate; wherein, the conditions of the plasma spraying treatment include: the spraying power is 35kW, the spraying distance is 90mm, the spraying angle is 80+/-1 degrees, the powder feeding amount of powder is 6g/min, the spraying current is 575A, the spraying thickness is 180 mu m, the main gas is argon gas, the auxiliary gas is hydrogen gas, the hydrogen gas flow is 4L/min, and the argon gas flow is 30L/min.
Example 2
The soybean milk machine head assembly comprises a protective cover, a motor shaft, a blade and an anti-overflow rod, wherein the protective cover, the motor shaft, the blade and the anti-overflow rod are made of stainless steel, the base material of the inner container of the soybean milk machine is made of stainless steel, the soybean milk machine comprises the soybean milk machine head assembly and the inner container, and the non-stick coating is prepared on the surfaces of the protective cover, the motor shaft, the blade, the anti-overflow rod and the base material of the inner container by adopting a plasma spraying method, and the specific method is as follows:
(1) Pretreating a substrate, wherein the pretreatment method comprises the following steps: a) Deoiling at 55deg.C for 8 min; b) Washing with deionized water; c) Drying at 100deg.C for 5min; d) Adopting 60-80 mesh brown steel sand, carrying out sand blasting treatment on the surface of the matrix under the air jet pressure of 0.8MPa to ensure that the surface roughness of the matrix is Ra 6 mu m, and then blowing out residual powder particles on the surface of the matrix by using air flow; e) Alkaline washing with 40 wt% NaOH solution at 80℃for 1 minute; f) Neutralizing with 20 wt% nitric acid solution for 3 min; g) Washing with deionized water, and drying at 375 ℃ for 11 minutes;
(2) Preheating the surface of the substrate obtained in the step (1) to 100 ℃;
(3) Mixing 250kg of titanium oxide powder and 50kg of modified PFA powder S2, drying at 100 ℃ for 1.5 hours to obtain a powder mixture, and performing plasma spraying treatment on the powder mixture to form a non-stick coating on the surface of a substrate; wherein, the conditions of the plasma spraying treatment include: the spraying power is 30kW, the spraying distance is 85mm, the spraying angle is 76+/-1 degrees, the powder feeding amount of the powder is 7g/min, the spraying current is 570A, the spraying thickness is 150 mu m, the main gas is argon gas, the auxiliary gas is hydrogen gas, the hydrogen gas flow is 3L/min, and the argon gas flow is 28L/min.
Example 3
The soybean milk machine head assembly comprises a protective cover, a motor shaft, a blade and an anti-overflow rod, wherein the protective cover, the motor shaft, the blade and the anti-overflow rod are made of stainless steel, the base material of the inner container of the soybean milk machine is made of stainless steel, the soybean milk machine comprises the soybean milk machine head assembly and the inner container, and the non-stick coating is prepared on the surfaces of the protective cover, the motor shaft, the blade, the anti-overflow rod and the base material of the inner container by adopting a plasma spraying method, and the specific method is as follows:
(1) Pretreating a substrate, wherein the pretreatment method comprises the following steps: a) Deoiling at 55deg.C for 8 min; b) Washing with deionized water; c) Drying at 100deg.C for 5min; d) Adopting 60-80 mesh brown steel sand, carrying out sand blasting treatment on the inner surface of the matrix under the air jet pressure of 0.8MPa to ensure that the surface roughness of the matrix is Ra 4 mu m, and then blowing out residual powder particles on the inner surface of the matrix by using air flow; e) Alkaline washing with 40 wt% NaOH solution at 80℃for 1 minute; f) Neutralizing with 20 wt% nitric acid solution for 3 min; g) Washing with deionized water, and drying at 450 ℃ for 10 minutes;
(2) Preheating the surface of the substrate obtained in the step (1) to 150 ℃;
(3) Mixing 200kg of aluminum oxide powder and 50kg of modified PFA powder S3, drying at 100 ℃ for 1.5 hours to obtain a powder mixture, and performing plasma spraying treatment on the powder mixture to form a non-stick coating on the surface of a substrate; wherein, the conditions of the plasma spraying treatment include: the spraying power is 40kW, the spraying distance is 95mm, the spraying angle is 84+/-1 degrees, the powder feeding amount of the powder is 5g/min, the spraying current is 580A, the spraying thickness is 250 mu m, the main gas is argon gas, the auxiliary gas is hydrogen gas, the hydrogen gas flow is 5L/min, and the argon gas flow is 32L/min.
Example 4
The procedure of example 1 was followed except that the modified PFA powder used in the plasma spray treatment was replaced with modified PFA powder S4.
Example 5
The procedure of example 1 was followed except that the modified PFA powder used in the plasma spray treatment was replaced with modified PFA powder S5.
Example 6
The procedure of example 1 was followed except that in step (3), the powder mixture was a mixture of 100kg of alumina powder and 50kg of modified PFA powder S1.
Example 7
The procedure of example 1 was followed except that in step (3), the powder mixture was a mixture of 300kg of alumina powder and 50kg of modified PFA powder S1.
Example 8
The procedure of example 1 was followed except that in step (3), the powder mixture was a mixture of 150kg of silicon carbide powder and 50kg of modified PTFE powder.
Example 9
The procedure of example 1 was followed except that in step (3), the powder mixture was a mixture of 150kg of tungsten nitride powder and 50kg of modified PTFE powder.
Example 10
The method according to example 1 is different in that, in the step (3), the conditions of the plasma spraying treatment include: the spraying power is 25kW, the spraying distance is 70mm, the spraying angle is 71+/-1 degrees, the powder feeding amount of the powder is 3.5g/min, the spraying current is 600A, the spraying thickness is 180 mu m, the main gas is argon gas, the auxiliary gas is hydrogen gas, the flow rate of the hydrogen gas is 4L/min, and the flow rate of the argon gas is 30L/min.
Comparative example 1
According to the method of example 1, except that the PFA powder used was a normal PFA powder (the microstructure of which is shown in fig. 4), the normal PFA powder would clog the spray gun during the plasma spraying, so that the powder could not be delivered and the coating could not be formed.
Comparative example 2
The procedure of example 1 was followed, except that the non-stick coating was formed in step (3) as follows: performing electrostatic spraying treatment by adopting common PFA powder to form a PFA non-stick coating on the surface of a substrate, wherein the electrostatic spraying treatment conditions comprise: powder spraying is carried out by adopting an electrostatic spray gun, the voltage is 35kV, the electrostatic current is 15 mu A, the flow speed pressure is 0.45MPa, the atomization pressure is 0.4MPa, the thickness of a sprayed coating is 40 mu m, the powder is dried in an infrared furnace after the spraying is finished, the powder is dried for 10min at a low temperature section of 120 ℃, and the powder is insulated for 20min at a high temperature section of 400 ℃.
Comparative example 3
Spraying a PTFE non-stick coating by adopting an air pressure spraying mode, wherein the coating comprises a bottom layer and a surface layer; the base oil comprises fluororesin, binder, pigment and auxiliary agent, and the surface oil comprises fluororesin, wear-resistant particles and film-forming auxiliary agent. The method comprises the following specific steps:
(1) Pretreating the substrate according to step (1) of example 1;
(2) Preheating the surface of the substrate obtained in the step (1) to 85 ℃;
(3) And (3) spraying base oil: the spraying pressure is 0.3MPa, the spraying angle is 70 degrees, the spraying distance is 30cm, the thickness of the film layer is 20 mu m, the drying temperature is 130 ℃, and the heat preservation is carried out for 12min;
(4) Spraying surface oil: the spraying pressure is 0.4MPa, the spraying angle is 70 degrees, the spraying distance is 35 mu m, the film thickness is 30 mu m, the drying and curing temperature is 420 ℃, and the heat preservation is carried out for 15min.
Comparative example 4
Spraying a ceramic non-stick coating by adopting an air pressure spraying mode, wherein the coating comprises a bottom layer and a surface layer; the primer includes a binder, a pigment, and an auxiliary agent, and the topcoat includes silica and alumina. The method comprises the following specific steps:
(1) Pretreating the substrate according to step (1) of example 1;
(2) Preheating the surface of the substrate obtained in the step (1) to 60 ℃;
(3) And (3) spraying base oil: the spraying pressure is 0.3MPa, the spraying angle is 70 degrees, the spraying distance is 25cm, the thickness of a film layer is 25 mu m, the pre-drying temperature is 70 ℃, and the heat preservation is carried out for 10min;
(4) Spraying surface oil: the spraying pressure is 0.3MPa, the spraying distance is 25cm, the spraying angle is 70 degrees, the thickness of the film layer is 10 mu m, and the film layer is sintered at 280 ℃ after the spraying is finished and is kept for 15min.
Test examples
1. Coating surface hardness: the Vickers hardness of each coating was determined according to GB/T9790-1988 using a Vickers hardness tester (available from Shanghai rectangular optics, inc., model HX-1000). The results are shown in Table 1.
2. Coating binding force: coating binding force was measured according to G9 8642-88. The results are shown in Table 1.
3. Coating porosity: the porosity of the coating was determined according to the mechanical industry standard JB/T7509-94 of the people's republic of China. The results are shown in Table 1.
4. Average acoustic power level: the average sound power level of each soymilk machine (other components are the same except for the coating) was measured by using its high-tech sound power test system (the anechoic chamber was designed by the GB6882 standard) as follows. The results are shown in Table 1.
The testing method comprises the following steps: (1) The method is characterized in that a hemispherical ten-point method is adopted for testing, wherein a measuring surface is a hemispherical surface, the radius r of the hemispherical surface is 1m, 10 acoustic sensors are mounted on the hemispherical surface, the front view of the sensor distribution point is shown in fig. 5, the top view of the sensor distribution point is shown in fig. 6, reference numeral 8 in fig. 5 and 6 is a measuring surface, and reference numeral 9 is a workpiece to be tested; (2) the upper limit of the noise frequency acquisition range is set to 20kHz; (3) the data sampling frequency is 50kHz; (4) Removing noise values with the sound power value less than or equal to 55dB (namely removing noise when the motor does not work); (5) Noise is nominal as the average of noise at the acoustic power level (a weights).
5. Abrasion resistance and wettability: the frictional wear test was performed according to GB/T1768-79 (89), the contact angle (the original contact angle and the post-frictional contact angle, respectively) and the weight before and after the frictional wear test were measured and weighed, and the weight loss ratio was calculated according to the formula, wherein the weight loss ratio= (weight before friction-weight after friction)/weight before friction, and the results are shown in table 2. Wherein, the test result shows that: the non-stick coating of the invention has good wettability inside after surface abrasion, and the wettability is kept good as long as the substrate is not exposed, and the friction abrasion test is carried out on three samples, namely the PTFE non-stick coating, the ceramic non-stick coating and the non-stick coating of the invention, so that the following can be found: the non-stick coating of the invention basically does not fall off in the friction and abrasion process, the service performance is not affected, and the PTFE non-stick coating and the ceramic non-stick coating fall off between the flaky layers, and the difference is larger.
TABLE 1
Note that: -no detectable indication, the same is true below.
TABLE 2
As can be seen from the results in tables 1-2, in the method for preparing the non-stick coating by adopting the plasma spraying technology, a layer of non-stick coating can be sprayed on the surface of a substrate by adopting the mixture of the specific hard compound powder and the polymer powder, the non-stick coating with excellent performance can be obtained, and the obtained non-stick coating has the advantages of high surface hardness, high coating binding force, good wear resistance, good wettability, noise reduction, long service life and the like.
Among them, comparing the results of examples 1 and 4 to 5, it is found that when the particle diameter D50 of the polymer powder is 45 to 60 μm, the sphericity of 80% or more of the powder is 90 to 99%, and the fluidity is 10 to 20s/50g, the surface hardness, coating binding force, abrasion resistance, wettability, noise reduction effect and service life of the non-stick coating can be further improved.
In comparison between the results of example 1 and example 10, it was found that the surface hardness, coating adhesion, abrasion resistance, wettability, noise reduction effect and service life of the non-stick coating could be further improved under specific plasma spray treatment conditions.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Within the scope of the technical idea of the invention, a number of simple variants of the technical solution of the invention are possible, including combinations of the individual technical features in any other suitable way, which simple variants and combinations should likewise be regarded as being disclosed by the invention, all falling within the scope of protection of the invention.

Claims (43)

1. A soymilk machine head assembly comprising a protective cover (4), a motor shaft (5), a blade (6) and an overflow preventing rod (7), wherein a non-stick coating (2) is formed on the surface of a substrate (1) of at least one of the protective cover (4), the motor shaft (5), the blade (6) and the overflow preventing rod (7), and the non-stick coating (2) comprises a mixed layer of a hard compound and a polymer;
the non-stick coating (2) is formed by firstly mixing hard compound powder and polymer powder to obtain a powder mixture, and carrying out plasma spraying treatment on the powder mixture to form the non-stick coating on the surface of the sanding layer (3);
wherein the hard compound is at least one of aluminum oxide, titanium oxide, copper oxide, silver oxide, iron oxide, silicon carbide, silicon nitride, tungsten carbide and tungsten nitride;
the polymer powder is subjected to fluidization modification treatment, and is obtained by firstly mixing common polymer powder, a binder, a lubricant and water to prepare slurry, and then carrying out spray drying treatment on the slurry;
wherein, based on the weight of the slurry, the content of the common polymer powder is 30-60 wt%, the content of the binder is 0.2-2 wt%, the content of the lubricant is 0.5-3 wt%, and the content of the water is 35-68 wt%.
2. The soymilk machine head assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that the non-stick coating (2) is formed on the surfaces of the protective cover (4), the motor shaft (5), the blade (6) and the base body (1) of the overflow preventing rod (7).
3. Soymilk grinder head assembly according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the polymer is PTFE and/or PFA.
4. Soymilk machine head assembly according to claim 1 or 2, wherein in the non-stick coating (2), the weight ratio of the polymer to the hard compound is 1:2-6.
5. The soymilk machine head assembly according to claim 4, wherein in the non-stick coating (2), the weight ratio of the polymer to the hard compound is 1:3-5.
6. Soymilk machine head assembly according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that said non-stick coating (2) has a thickness of 30-500 μm.
7. The soymilk machine head assembly according to claim 6, wherein the non-stick coating (2) has a thickness of 50-300 μm.
8. The soymilk machine head assembly according to claim 7, wherein the non-stick coating (2) has a thickness of 100-250 μm.
9. Soymilk machine head assembly according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a sanding layer (3) is provided between the substrate (1) and the non-stick coating (2).
10. Soymilk machine head assembly according to claim 9, wherein the sanding layer (3) has a surface roughness Ra 2-8 μm.
11. Soymilk machine head assembly according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that said non-stick coating (2) is prepared by a process comprising the following steps:
(1) Performing sanding treatment and degreasing treatment on the surface of the substrate (1) to form a sanding layer (3) on the surface of the substrate (1);
(2) Mixing the hard compound powder and the polymer powder to obtain a powder mixture, and carrying out plasma spraying treatment on the powder mixture to form a non-stick coating (2) on the surface of the sanding layer (3).
12. The soymilk machine head assembly according to claim 11, wherein in step (2), said hard compound is at least one of aluminum oxide, titanium oxide, copper oxide, silver oxide, iron oxide, silicon carbide, silicon nitride, tungsten carbide and tungsten nitride.
13. The soymilk machine head assembly according to claim 11, wherein in step (2), the particle size D50 of the hard compound powder is 2-200 μm.
14. The soymilk grinder head assembly of claim 13, wherein the particle size D50 of the hard compound powder is 10-150 μm.
15. The soymilk machine head assembly according to claim 11, wherein in step (2), 80% or more of the hard compound powder has a sphericity of 70-100%.
16. The soymilk grinder head assembly of claim 15, wherein more than 90% of the hard compound powder has a sphericity of 70-100%.
17. The soymilk grinder head assembly of claim 16, wherein more than 90% of the hard compound powder has a sphericity of 90-99%.
18. The soymilk machine head assembly according to claim 11, wherein in step (2), the flowability of the hard compound powder is 10-30s/50g.
19. The soymilk grinder head assembly of claim 18, wherein the flowability of the hard compound powder is 10-20s/50g.
20. The soymilk grinder head assembly according to claim 11, wherein in step (2), said polymer powder is PTFE powder and/or PFA powder.
21. The soymilk grinder head assembly of claim 11, wherein in the step (2), 80% or more of the polymer powder has a sphericity of 70% -99%.
22. The soymilk grinder head assembly of claim 21, wherein more than 90% of the polymer powder has a sphericity of 70-99%.
23. The soymilk grinder head assembly of claim 22, wherein more than 90% of the polymer powder has a sphericity of 90-99%.
24. The soymilk machine head assembly according to claim 11, wherein in step (2), the polymer powder has a particle size D50 of 5-200 μm.
25. The soymilk grinder head assembly of claim 24, wherein the polymer powder has a particle size D50 of 20-100 μm.
26. The soymilk grinder head assembly of claim 25, wherein the polymer powder has a particle size D50 of 40-100 μm.
27. The soymilk grinder head assembly of claim 26, wherein the polymer powder has a particle size D50 of 45-60 μm.
28. The soymilk machine head assembly according to claim 11, wherein in step (2), the flowability of the polymer powder is 10-25s/50g.
29. The soymilk grinder head assembly of claim 28, wherein the flowability of the polymer powder is 10-20s/50g.
30. The soymilk grinder head assembly of claim 11, wherein in step (2), the purity of the polymer powder is 90% -99.99%.
31. The soymilk grinder head assembly of claim 30, wherein the purity of the polymer powder is 99-99.9%.
32. The soymilk machine head assembly according to claim 11, wherein in step (2), the weight ratio of said polymer powder to said hard compound powder in said powder mixture is 1:2-6.
33. The soymilk machine head assembly of claim 32, wherein the weight ratio of the polymer powder to the hard compound powder is 1:3-5.
34. The soymilk machine head assembly according to claim 11, wherein in step (2), said plasma spraying treatment conditions comprise: the spraying power is 25-45kW; the spraying distance is 60-100mm; the spraying angle is 70-90 degrees; the powder feeding amount is 3.5-10g/min; the spraying current is 550-600A; the spraying thickness is 30-500 μm.
35. The soymilk machine head assembly according to claim 34, wherein in step (2), said plasma spraying treatment conditions comprise: the spraying power is 30-40kW.
36. The soymilk machine head assembly according to claim 34, wherein in step (2), said plasma spraying treatment conditions comprise: the spraying distance is 85-95mm.
37. The soymilk machine head assembly according to claim 34, wherein in step (2), said plasma spraying treatment conditions comprise: the spraying angle is 75-85 degrees.
38. The soymilk machine head assembly according to claim 34, wherein in step (2), said plasma spraying treatment conditions comprise: the powder feeding amount is 5-7g/min.
39. The soymilk machine head assembly according to claim 34, wherein in step (2), said plasma spraying treatment conditions comprise: the spraying current is 570-580A.
40. The soymilk machine head assembly according to claim 34, wherein in step (2), said plasma spraying treatment conditions comprise: the spraying thickness is 50-300 μm.
41. A soymilk machine head assembly as defined in claim 40, wherein in step (2), said plasma spraying treatment conditions comprise: the spraying thickness is 100-250 μm.
42. A soymilk machine, comprising a soymilk machine head assembly and an inner container, wherein the soymilk machine head assembly is the soymilk machine head assembly according to any one of claims 1-41.
43. A soymilk machine as defined in claim 42, wherein said liner comprises a liner base and a non-stick coating formed on said liner base, said non-stick coating comprising a blend of a hard compound and a polymer.
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