CN108962413A - A kind of novel nuclear radiation protection structure and its application - Google Patents
A kind of novel nuclear radiation protection structure and its application Download PDFInfo
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- CN108962413A CN108962413A CN201810024459.3A CN201810024459A CN108962413A CN 108962413 A CN108962413 A CN 108962413A CN 201810024459 A CN201810024459 A CN 201810024459A CN 108962413 A CN108962413 A CN 108962413A
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- layer
- activated carbon
- radiation protection
- nuclear radiation
- protection structure
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- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 93
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical class C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 230000000536 complexating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000008139 complexing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000012209 synthetic fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000005429 filling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Terephthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1 KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- IMNIMPAHZVJRPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylenediamine Chemical compound C1CN2CCN1CC2 IMNIMPAHZVJRPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 claims description 13
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- NLKNQRATVPKPDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium iodide Chemical compound [K+].[I-] NLKNQRATVPKPDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 12
- QPCDCPDFJACHGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-bis{2-[bis(carboxymethyl)amino]ethyl}glycine Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(=O)O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O QPCDCPDFJACHGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- -1 functional groups Organic compound Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000013162 Cocos nucifera Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 244000060011 Cocos nucifera Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000009496 Juglans regia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 244000018633 Prunus armeniaca Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000009827 Prunus armeniaca Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006068 polycondensation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- SOBHUZYZLFQYFK-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium;hydroxy-[[phosphonatomethyl(phosphonomethyl)amino]methyl]phosphinate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].OP(O)(=O)CN(CP(O)([O-])=O)CP([O-])([O-])=O SOBHUZYZLFQYFK-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000020234 walnut Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 240000007049 Juglans regia Species 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 150000004985 diamines Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010903 husk Substances 0.000 claims 1
- XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-RNFDNDRNSA-M iodine-131(1-) Chemical compound [131I-] XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-RNFDNDRNSA-M 0.000 abstract description 13
- 239000000443 aerosol Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000002285 radioactive effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000029058 respiratory gaseous exchange Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- HUPNLWZFGMGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-chloro-4,4-dimethyl-1,3-oxazolidin-2-one Chemical compound CC1(C)COC(=O)N1Cl HUPNLWZFGMGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 19
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 19
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 description 19
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 9
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 241000758789 Juglans Species 0.000 description 3
- 229910052770 Uranium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000000941 radioactive substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- JFALSRSLKYAFGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N uranium(0) Chemical compound [U] JFALSRSLKYAFGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000003368 amide group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229960000935 dehydrated alcohol Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 230000020477 pH reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002574 poison Substances 0.000 description 2
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 2
- PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-HVTJNCQCSA-N 10043-66-0 Chemical compound [131I][131I] PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-HVTJNCQCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 201000004384 Alopecia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241001614291 Anoplistes Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010012735 Diarrhoea Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000032843 Hemorrhage Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010028980 Neoplasm Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910052778 Plutonium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 208000013738 Sleep Initiation and Maintenance disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-NJFSPNSNSA-N Strontium-90 Chemical compound [90Sr] CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000025865 Ulcer Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010047700 Vomiting Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 231100000360 alopecia Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 208000034158 bleeding Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 231100000319 bleeding Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000000740 bleeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 201000011510 cancer Diseases 0.000 description 1
- TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-RNFDNDRNSA-N cesium-137 Chemical compound [137Cs] TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-RNFDNDRNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001727 in vivo Methods 0.000 description 1
- 206010022437 insomnia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000003434 inspiratory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003902 lesion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000032839 leukemia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000004072 lung Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 206010025482 malaise Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- OYEHPCDNVJXUIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N plutonium atom Chemical compound [Pu] OYEHPCDNVJXUIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000024891 symptom Diseases 0.000 description 1
- AGGKEGLBGGJEBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetramethylenedisulfotetramine Chemical compound C1N(S2(=O)=O)CN3S(=O)(=O)N1CN2C3 AGGKEGLBGGJEBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 210000001685 thyroid gland Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000397 ulcer Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003519 ventilatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008673 vomiting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003313 weakening effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
- G21F1/00—Shielding characterised by the composition of the materials
- G21F1/12—Laminated shielding materials
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
- B01D46/0027—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours with additional separating or treating functions
- B01D46/0036—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours with additional separating or treating functions by adsorption or absorption
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
- B01D53/04—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2253/00—Adsorbents used in seperation treatment of gases and vapours
- B01D2253/10—Inorganic adsorbents
- B01D2253/102—Carbon
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
- B01D2257/20—Halogens or halogen compounds
- B01D2257/206—Organic halogen compounds
- B01D2257/2068—Iodine
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2259/00—Type of treatment
- B01D2259/10—Gas phase, e.g. by using aerosols
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
- Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
- Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of novel nuclear radiation protection structure and its application, including outer layer, complexing wetting layer, activated carbon fiber layers one, modified active layer of charcoal and activated carbon fiber layers two, there are gap between outer layer and complexing wetting layer, wetting layer, activated carbon fiber layers one, modified active layer of charcoal is complexed and activated carbon fiber layers two are successively adjacent is coated with；It is the synthetic fiber layer after complex solution impregnation that wetting layer, which is complexed, and complex solution is solution made of complexing agent I, glycerine and deionized water configure；Modified active layer of charcoal is the active carbon particle layer after II impregnation of complexing agent, and active carbon particle layer is formed after filling process by active carbon particle.The present invention uses the structure, it can be realized the good adsorption to gas small particles aerosol and radioiodine, and it can be complexed with a variety of radioactive metal nucleic, to play dual suction-operated, and radioiodine is effectively prevent to enter in human body by breathing, avoid the formation of interior irradiation damage caused by human health.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of nuclear radiation protection, more particularly to a kind of novel nuclear radiation protection structure and its answer
With.
Background technique
Exploit field and uranium processing factory, nuclear power station in uranium ore and using places such as the units of nuclear reactor, nuclear leakage and
The storage accident of radioactive substance can generate long-term environmental pollution (such as: -235 half-life period of uranium be 700,000,000 years；Caesium -137 half declines
Phase is 30 years；Strontium-90 half-life period is 30 years；- 238 half-life period of plutonium is 86 years), and coverage is big, removes aforementioned radiogold
Belong to outside nucleic, radioactivity iodine -131 is 7.6 days to the effective half life of human body, and the time is although short, but toxicity is high, to thyroid gland shadow
It rings serious.Influence of the nuclear leakage ordinary circumstance to personnel shows that nuclear radiation and the aerosol of carrying radioactive substance (are less than
0.1 μm of aerosol does Brownian movement, does not settle；Aerosol deposition between 1-10 μm is slow, in suspension air relatively long).Core
Radiation can be by wearing the effective shielding of radiation protection clothes or weakening, and radioaerosol can be hurt by breathing sucking, skin
Mouth contamination, lung's attachment and alimentary canal are absorbed into vivo, cause interior irradiation.The symptom for the radiation sickness that interior irradiation is formed has: tired
In addition to this labor, giddy, insomnia, rubefaction, ulcer, bleeding, alopecia, leukaemia, vomiting, diarrhea etc. also will increase cancer
Disease, distortion, heredity lesion Probability, influence the health of several generations.Therefore, in such sudden accident, soldier, rescue
Personnel and civic life security will face serious threat.To improve the protective performance in nuclear environment, radiation is effectively reduced
Property influence of the element to human health, and the aerosol for carrying radioactive substance is avoided to enter the interior illumination issues caused in vivo,
Therefore it need to guarantee that nuclear radiation protection device has safe and reliable protective performance.
Summary of the invention
It is a primary object of the present invention to solve problems of the prior art, a kind of safe and reliable, Neng Goushi is provided
Now to the good adsorption of gas small particles aerosol and radioiodine, and can be complexed with a variety of radioactive metal nucleic, from
And dual suction-operated is played, and radioiodine is effectively prevent to enter in human body by breathing, interior irradiation is avoided the formation of to human body
It is damaged caused by health, and service life longer novel nuclear radiation protection structure and its application.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is that: a kind of novel nuclear radiation protection structure,
Described in novel nuclear radiation protection structure include outer layer, complexing wetting layer, activated carbon fiber layers one, modified active layer of charcoal and work
Property Carbon fibe layer two, there are gap between the outer layer and complexing wetting layer, the complexing wetting layer, activated carbon fiber layers one,
Modified active layer of charcoal and activated carbon fiber layers two are successively adjacent is coated with；
The complexing wetting layer is set as the synthetic fiber layer after complex solution impregnation, and the complex solution is network
Solution made of mixture I, glycerine and deionized water configuration；
The modified active layer of charcoal is set as the active carbon particle layer after II impregnation of complexing agent, the active carbon
Granulosa is formed after filling process by active carbon particle, and the active carbon particle selects the 10-32 mesh obtained after sieving is handled
The particle in each stage in range.
Further, the complexing agent I is that four fragment amino acids and diethylene triamine pentacetic acid (DTPA) trisodium 1:1 in mass ratio are molten
Yu Shuizhong, the organic compound with multiple supplied for electronic functional groups of acquisition.
Further, the complexing agent II is triethylene diamine reagent, triethylene diamine and potassium iodide mix reagent, six Asias
It is any in tetramine reagent, hexa and potassium chloride mix reagent and other polycyclic tertiary amine compounds of non-benzene
It is one or more of.
Further, the synthetic fiber layer is formed by polyester fiber, and the quality of unit area is 70-90g, thickness
For 3-5mm, and water absorption rate reaches 500-700%, and polyester fiber is polyester made of terephthalic acid (TPA) and ethylene glycol polycondensation through spinning
Silk gained, and the diameter of polyester fiber is 20-80nm.
Further, the gap setting between the outer layer and complexing wetting layer is 3-10mm.
Further, the outer layer is set as the HEPA filter core or filter paper that aeration resistance is 20-40Pa.
Further, it is 60- that the activated carbon fiber layers one, which are by mass area ratio with activated carbon fiber layers two,
90g, and with a thickness of the activated carbon fibre of 2-5mm composition, the diameter of the activated carbon fibre is 8-12 μm, and its average pore size is
2-3nm。
Further, the active carbon particle is cocoanut active charcoal particle, apricot shell active carbon particle, fruit stone shell active carbon
In grain, walnut shell active carbon particle, wood activated charcoal particle, coaly activated carbon particle, rice hull active carbon particle, regenerated carbon particle
One or more.
A kind of application of novel nuclear radiation protection structure, wherein the novel nuclear radiation protection structure is applied to filter poison
In box, canister and other filtration members.
The advantages and positive effects of the present invention are:
(1) by complexing wetting layer wetability, can in gas little particle aerosol and radioiodine (including
Elemental iodine and ionic state iodine) it is adsorbed, simultaneously as complexing wetting layer is the synthetic fibers after complex solution impregnation
Layer, and complex solution be the complexing agent I with multiple supplied for electronic functional groups configure so that synthetic fiber layer can with it is a variety of
The complexing of radioactive metal nucleic, to play dual suction-operated, improves the protective performance of the complexing wetting layer.
(2) by modified active layer of charcoal, good absorption and complexing can be carried out to radioiodine (especially organic iodine),
It effectively prevent radioiodine to enter in human body by breathing, so that irradiation is damaged caused by human health in being formed.
(3) Redioiodine (including elemental iodine is able to carry out by activated carbon fiber layers one and activated carbon fiber layers two
And organic iodine) absorption, and activated carbon fiber layers one and activated carbon fiber layers two can be to the active carbons in modified active layer of charcoal
Grain is fixed.
(4) retention can be played to the Redioiodine through modified active layer of charcoal by activated carbon fiber layers two to make
With, but can activated carbon fiber layers one and modified active layer of charcoal absorption reach saturation after, auxiliary carry out through it is preceding it is several layers of after put
Penetrating property iodine continues to adsorb, to extend the service life of the nuclear radiation protection structure.
(5) by the existing gap 3-10mm between outer layer and complexing wetting layer, outer layer can be prevented to complexing wetting layer
The absorption of middle moisture, while the probability that gas is contacted with complexing wetting layer can be increased, to improve complexing wetting layer to little particle gas
Colloidal sol, the physical absorption of radioiodine and radioactive metal nucleic and chemical treatment effect.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the partial enlargement structural representation of center radiation-shielding construction of the present invention.
Fig. 2, not using the nuclear radiation protection structure in the present invention, is measured in the adsorption experiment of Redioiodine
Gas chromatogram.
Fig. 3 is in the adsorption experiment of Redioiodine, using the nuclear radiation protection structure of the application, after 180 minutes
Detected gas chromatogram is carried out to the gas through the nuclear radiation protection structure.
In figure: wetting layer 2, activated carbon fiber layers 1, modified active layer of charcoal 4, activated carbon fiber layers 25 are complexed in outer layer 1.
Specific embodiment
In order to better understand the present invention, the present invention is further retouched with attached drawing combined with specific embodiments below
It states.
Embodiment one
A kind of novel nuclear radiation protection structure applied to the malicious box of filter, including filter malicious box body and nuclear radiation protection knot
Structure, nuclear radiation protection structural arrangement is in the malicious box body of filter, and the nuclear radiation protection structure is by outer layer 1, complexing wetting layer 2, work
Property Carbon fibe layer 1, modified active layer of charcoal 4 and activated carbon fiber layers 25 form, there are 3- between outer layer 1 and complexing wetting layer 2
The gap 10mm arrangement, side of the wetting layer 2 far from outer layer 1 is successively adjacent is coated with activated carbon fiber layers 1, modified activated carbon for complexing
Layer 4 and activated carbon fiber layers 25.
1, outer layer 1
Use aeration resistance for the HEPA filter core or filter paper of 20-40Pa, which can carry out larger particles substance good
Stop, wherein HEPA filter core is made of organic fiber, and its fold thicknesses is in 0.8-1.5cm, and to diameter >=300nm
The barrier effectiveness of grain object is more than or equal to 99.9%, which is arranged in the malicious box body of filter.
2, wetting layer 2 is complexed
The layer little particle aerosol, radioiodine and radioactive metal nucleic can be carried out good physical absorption and
Chemical treatment, the complexing wetting layer 2 and 1 spacing 3-10mm of outer layer are arranged in the malicious box body of filter, and the preparation process of this layer are as follows:
(1) four fragment amino acids are prepared, monamino acid is activated under the protection of amino with carboxyl, is then added
A kind of amino acid containing benzyl carries out being dehydrated sealed reaction, generates two fragment amino acids, then successively anti-by 3 dehydrating condensations
It answers, finally carries out acidification and remove amido protecting above-mentioned, to obtain four fragment amino acids；
(2) four fragment amino acids in step (1) are dissolved in water with diethylene triamine pentacetic acid (DTPA) trisodium 1:1 in mass ratio
In, the organic compound with multiple supplied for electronic functional groups of acquisition, so that complexing agent I be made；
(3) glycerine, the deionized water of 3-5% is added in the complexing agent I for taking step (2) in the complexing agent I, so that
Complexing agent I is configured to the complex solution that mass fraction is 20-30%；
(4) synthetic fibers being subjected to impregnation in the complex solution of step (3), wetting layer 2 is complexed in final obtain, and
So that the complexing wetting layer 2 and 1 spacing 3-10mm of outer layer are arranged in the malicious box body of filter, specifically, synthetic fiber layer is by gathering
Ester fiber is formed, and the quality of unit area is 70-90g, and with a thickness of 3-5mm, and water absorption rate reaches 500-700%, and polyester is fine
Dimension is polyester made of terephthalic acid (TPA) and ethylene glycol polycondensation through spinning gained, and the diameter of polyester fiber is 20-80nm.
3, activated carbon fiber layers 1
The layer has good absorption property to Redioiodine (elemental iodine and organic iodine), and plays fixed modified work
Property layer of charcoal 4 in active carbon particle effect, this layer adjacent to be coated in filtering in malicious box body complexing wetting layer 2 far from outer layer 1
Side, specifically, it is 60-90g which, which is by mass area ratio, and with a thickness of the activated carbon fibre of 2-5mm composition, wherein
The diameter of activated carbon fibre is 8-12 μm, and its average pore size is 2-3nm.
4, modified active layer of charcoal 4
Modified active layer of charcoal 4 has good absorption property, and the layer to Redioiodine (elemental iodine and organic iodine)
It is adjacent to be coated in the side for filtering the separate complexing wetting layer 2 of activated carbon fiber layers 1 in malicious box body, the preparation process of this layer are as follows:
(1) by triethylene diamine reagent, triethylene diamine and potassium iodide mix reagent, hexa reagent, hexa
Complexing agent II is prepared with any one or a few in potassium chloride mix reagent and other polycyclic tertiary amine compounds of non-benzene；
(2) cocoanut active charcoal particle, apricot shell active carbon particle, fruit stone shell active carbon particle, walnut shell active carbon are used
One or more of grain, wood activated charcoal particle, coaly activated carbon particle, rice hull active carbon particle, regenerated carbon particle pass through
Sieve processing after obtain the isometrical particle in each stage within the scope of 10-32 mesh, thus acquisition prepare modified active layer of charcoal 4 needed for activity
Charcoal particle；
(3) active carbon particle in step (2) is subjected to impregnation through the complexing agent II in step (1)；
(4) active carbon particle of step (3) is formed into active carbon particle layer after filling process, i.e. acquisition modified activated carbon
Layer 4, and be coated with the modified active layer of charcoal 4 is adjacent in the side for filtering activated carbon fiber layers 1 in malicious box body.
5, activated carbon fiber layers 25
The layer has good absorption property to Redioiodine (elemental iodine and organic iodine), and one side can be to transmission
The Redioiodine of modified active layer of charcoal 4 plays crown_interception, on the other hand can be in activated carbon fiber layers 1 and modified active
After the absorption of layer of charcoal 4 reaches saturation, the still preceding several layers of radioiodine of transmission is buffered, to extend the use longevity of the filter poison box
Life, and this layer is also capable of fixing the active carbon particle in modified activated carbon layer 4, this layer of adjacent is coated with is modified work in the malicious box body of filter
Property side of the layer of charcoal 4 far from activated carbon fiber layers 1, specifically, the layer be by mass area ratio be 60-90g, and with a thickness of
The activated carbon fibre of 2-5mm is constituted, wherein the diameter of activated carbon fibre is 8-12 μm, and its average pore size is 2-3nm.
Embodiment two
A kind of novel nuclear radiation protection structure applied to canister, including canister ontology and nuclear radiation protection knot
Structure, nuclear radiation protection structural arrangement is in canister ontology, and the nuclear radiation protection structure is by outer layer 1, complexing wetting layer 2, work
Property Carbon fibe layer 1, modified active layer of charcoal 4 and activated carbon fiber layers 25 form, there are 3- between outer layer 1 and complexing wetting layer 2
The gap 10mm arrangement, side of the wetting layer 2 far from outer layer 1 is successively adjacent is coated with activated carbon fiber layers 1, modified activated carbon for complexing
Layer 4 and activated carbon fiber layers 25.
1, outer layer 1
Use aeration resistance for the HEPA filter core or filter paper of 20-40Pa, which can carry out larger particles substance good
Stop, wherein HEPA filter core is made of organic fiber, and its fold thicknesses is in 0.8-1.5cm, and to diameter >=300nm
The barrier effectiveness of grain object is more than or equal to 99.9%, which is arranged in canister ontology.
2, wetting layer 2 is complexed
The layer little particle aerosol, radioiodine and radioactive metal nucleic can be carried out good physical absorption and
Chemical treatment, the complexing wetting layer 2 and 1 spacing 3-10mm of outer layer are arranged in canister ontology, and the preparation process of this layer are as follows:
(1) four fragment amino acids are prepared, monamino acid is activated under the protection of amino with carboxyl, is then added
A kind of amino acid containing benzyl carries out being dehydrated sealed reaction, generates two fragment amino acids, then successively anti-by 3 dehydrating condensations
It answers, finally carries out acidification and remove amido protecting above-mentioned, to obtain four fragment amino acids；
(2) four fragment amino acids in step (1) are dissolved in water with diethylene triamine pentacetic acid (DTPA) trisodium 1:1 in mass ratio
In, the organic compound with multiple supplied for electronic functional groups of acquisition, so that complexing agent I be made；
(3) glycerine, the deionized water of 3-5% is added in the complexing agent I for taking step (2) in the complexing agent I, so that
Complexing agent I is configured to the complex solution that mass fraction is 20-30%；
(4) synthetic fibers being subjected to impregnation in the complex solution of step (3), wetting layer 2 is complexed in final obtain, and
So that the complexing wetting layer 2 and 1 spacing 3-10mm of outer layer are arranged in canister ontology, specifically, synthetic fiber layer is by gathering
Ester fiber is formed, and the quality of unit area is 70-90g, and with a thickness of 3-5mm, and water absorption rate reaches 500-700%, and polyester is fine
Dimension is polyester made of terephthalic acid (TPA) and ethylene glycol polycondensation through spinning gained, and the diameter of polyester fiber is 20-80nm.
3, activated carbon fiber layers 1
The layer has good absorption property to Redioiodine (elemental iodine and organic iodine), and plays fixed modified work
Property layer of charcoal 4 in active carbon particle effect, this layer adjacent to be coated with wetting layer 2 is complexed in canister ontology far from outer layer 1
Side, specifically, it is 60-90g which, which is by mass area ratio, and with a thickness of the activated carbon fibre of 2-5mm composition, wherein
The diameter of activated carbon fibre is 8-12 μm, and its average pore size is 2-3nm.
4, modified active layer of charcoal 4
Modified active layer of charcoal 4 has good absorption property, and the layer to Redioiodine (elemental iodine and organic iodine)
It is adjacent to be coated with side of the activated carbon fiber layers 1 far from complexing wetting layer 2, the preparation process of this layer in canister ontology are as follows:
(1) by triethylene diamine reagent, triethylene diamine and potassium iodide mix reagent, hexa reagent, hexa
Complexing agent II is prepared with any one or a few in potassium chloride mix reagent and other polycyclic tertiary amine compounds of non-benzene；
(2) cocoanut active charcoal particle, apricot shell active carbon particle, fruit stone shell active carbon particle, walnut shell active carbon are used
One or more of grain, wood activated charcoal particle, coaly activated carbon particle, rice hull active carbon particle, regenerated carbon particle pass through
Sieve processing after obtain the isometrical particle in each stage within the scope of 10-32 mesh, thus acquisition prepare modified active layer of charcoal 4 needed for activity
Charcoal particle；
(3) active carbon particle in step (2) is subjected to impregnation through the complexing agent II in step (1)；
(4) active carbon particle of step (3) is formed into active carbon particle layer after filling process, i.e. acquisition modified activated carbon
Layer 4, and by the adjacent side for being coated with the activated carbon fiber layers 1 in canister ontology of the modified active layer of charcoal 4.
5, activated carbon fiber layers 25
The layer has good absorption property to Redioiodine (elemental iodine and organic iodine), and one side can be to transmission
The Redioiodine of modified active layer of charcoal 4 plays crown_interception, on the other hand can be in activated carbon fiber layers 1 and modified active
After the absorption of layer of charcoal 4 reaches saturation, the still preceding several layers of radioiodine of transmission is buffered, to extend the use longevity of the canister
Life, and this layer is also capable of fixing the active carbon particle in modified activated carbon layer 4, this layer of adjacent is coated in canister ontology is modified work
Property side of the layer of charcoal 4 far from activated carbon fiber layers 1, specifically, the layer be by mass area ratio be 60-90g, and with a thickness of
The activated carbon fibre of 2-5mm is constituted, wherein the diameter of activated carbon fibre is 8-12 μm, and its average pore size is 2-3nm.
Nuclear radiation protection structure in embodiment one and embodiment two is tested through experiment, and ventilatory capacity is 85L/min,
Inspiratory resistance is less than 72Pa, and expiratory resistance is less than 65Pa, and guard time is greater than 180 minutes, can satisfy that " GB2626-2006 is exhaled
Inhale protective articles suction-self filtering type against particle respirator " requirement.In addition, in the adsorption experiment of Redioiodine, not
Gas chromatogram using the nuclear radiation protection structure of the application is shown in Fig. 2, and wherein peak value 1 is dehydrated alcohol, and peak value 2 is iodine first
Alkane；Using the nuclear radiation protection structure of the application, radioiodine transmission is not detected after 180 minutes, gas chromatogram is shown in figure
3, wherein peak value 1 is dehydrated alcohol.
The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, but content is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention,
It should not be considered as limiting the scope of the invention.All changes and improvements made in accordance with the scope of the present invention, should all
It still belongs within this patent covering scope.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of novel nuclear radiation protection structure, it is characterised in that: the novel nuclear radiation protection structure includes outer layer
(1), wetting layer (2), activated carbon fiber layers one (3), modified active layer of charcoal (4) and activated carbon fiber layers two (5) are complexed, it is described outer
There are gap, the complexing wetting layers (2), activated carbon fiber layers one (3), modified active between layer (1) and complexing wetting layer (2)
Layer of charcoal (4) and activated carbon fiber layers two (5) are successively adjacent is coated with；
Complexing wetting layer (2) is set as the synthetic fiber layer after complex solution impregnation, and the complex solution is network
Solution made of mixture I, glycerine and deionized water configuration；
The modified active layer of charcoal (4) is set as the active carbon particle layer after II impregnation of complexing agent, the active carbon
Granulosa is formed after filling process by active carbon particle, and the active carbon particle selects the 10-32 mesh obtained after sieving is handled
The particle in each stage in range.
2. novel nuclear radiation protection structure according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the complexing agent I is four segments
Amino acid and diethylene triamine pentacetic acid (DTPA) trisodium 1:1 in mass ratio are soluble in water, acquisition with multiple supplied for electronic functional groups
Organic compound.
3. novel nuclear radiation protection structure according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the complexing agent II is triethylene
Diamines reagent, triethylene diamine are mixed with potassium iodide mix reagent, hexa reagent, hexa with potassium chloride
Any one or a few in reagent and other polycyclic tertiary amine compounds of non-benzene.
4. novel nuclear radiation protection structure according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the synthetic fiber layer is by gathering
Ester fiber is formed, and the quality of unit area is 70-90g, and with a thickness of 3-5mm, and water absorption rate reaches 500-700%, and polyester is fine
Dimension is polyester made of terephthalic acid (TPA) and ethylene glycol polycondensation through spinning gained, and the diameter of polyester fiber is 20-80nm.
5. novel nuclear radiation protection structure according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the outer layer (1) and complexing are moistened
Gap setting between wet layer (2) is 3-10mm.
6. novel nuclear radiation protection structure according to claim 1 or 5, it is characterised in that: the outer layer (1) is set as
Aeration resistance is the HEPA filter core or filter paper of 20-40Pa.
7. novel nuclear radiation protection structure according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the activated carbon fiber layers one
It (3) be by mass area ratio with activated carbon fiber layers two (5) is 60-90g, and with a thickness of the activated carbon fibre structure of 2-5mm
At the diameter of the activated carbon fibre is 8-12 μm, and its average pore size is 2-3nm.
8. novel nuclear radiation protection structure according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the active carbon particle is coconut husk
Active carbon particle, apricot shell active carbon particle, fruit stone shell active carbon particle, walnut shell active carbon particle, wood activated charcoal particle, coal
One or more of activated carbon particle, rice hull active carbon particle, regenerated carbon particle.
9. a kind of application of novel nuclear radiation protection structure, it is characterised in that: the novel nuclear radiation protection structure application
In the malicious box of filter, canister and other filtration members.
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| CN110575731A (en) * | 2019-09-03 | 2019-12-17 | 中国辐射防护研究院 | Fiber material drawer type iodine adsorber |
| CN110575730A (en) * | 2019-09-03 | 2019-12-17 | 中国辐射防护研究院 | foldable iodine adsorber of fiber material |
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| CN108962413B (en) | 2022-03-01 |
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