CN108959193B - Method and device for determining design rainfall - Google Patents
Method and device for determining design rainfall Download PDFInfo
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- CN108959193B CN108959193B CN201810689498.5A CN201810689498A CN108959193B CN 108959193 B CN108959193 B CN 108959193B CN 201810689498 A CN201810689498 A CN 201810689498A CN 108959193 B CN108959193 B CN 108959193B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F17/00—Digital computing or data processing equipment or methods, specially adapted for specific functions
- G06F17/10—Complex mathematical operations
- G06F17/18—Complex mathematical operations for evaluating statistical data, e.g. average values, frequency distributions, probability functions, regression analysis
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- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/108—Rainwater harvesting
Abstract
The embodiment of the invention provides a method and a device for determining designed rainfall capacity, wherein the method comprises the steps of obtaining a first type of rainfall capacity collected by a rainwater collection and utilization system in each rainfall field; determining a plurality of design rainfall capacities, and acquiring first-class net earnings of a rainwater collection and utilization system in a preset time period corresponding to each design rainfall capacity based on the first-class rainfall capacities; and determining a fitting curve between each design rainfall and the corresponding first-class net income based on each design rainfall and the corresponding first-class net income, and taking the design rainfall corresponding to the maximum first-class net income on the fitting curve as a first target design rainfall. The embodiment of the invention analyzes from the technical and economic aspects, adopts an annual cost benefit analysis method, determines the reasonable scale of the rainwater collection and utilization system according to the first target design rainfall, can achieve the maximum benefit when the investment amount is fixed, and achieves the aim of obtaining the maximum output with the minimum investment.
Description
Technical Field
The embodiment of the invention relates to the technical field of rainwater utilization, in particular to a method and a device for determining designed rainfall capacity.
Background
With the continuous development of economy, the shortage of water resources and the water environment pollution become more and more serious. The reasonable development, high-efficiency resource utilization, effective protection and comprehensive treatment of water resources become an important strategic task. Rainwater is used as a valuable water resource, and the trend of collecting rainwater for recycling is inevitable. At present, the method for collecting rainwater is generally to construct a rainwater collection and utilization system in a fixed area, and rainwater is collected through the rainwater collection and utilization system.
And the rainwater collection and utilization system is built, the cost of a reservoir in the rainwater collection and utilization system is highest, and therefore, the determination of the volume of the reservoir has important influence on the recovery period and the economic feasibility of the rainwater collection and utilization system. The volume of the reservoir is mainly determined by the design rainfall, wherein the design rainfall refers to the rainfall which can be actually collected and utilized in the rainfall process. In a certain area, selecting rainfall data of each rainfall event in the area for at least 30 years, deducting the rainfall of the rainfall events smaller than or equal to 2mm, sorting the daily rainfall according to the rainfall from small to large, and counting the ratio of the total rainfall smaller than a certain rainfall in the total rainfall, wherein the rainfall corresponding to the ratio (namely the annual runoff total control rate) is the designed rainfall. For example, 90% of rainfall in the city A is between 30.1 and 40mm, and the rainfall is about 34mm, namely the rainfall less than 34mm accounts for 90% of the existing rainfall data in the city A. Thus, 34mm is the design rainfall at 90% probability. If 75% of rainfall in A city is less than 22.8mm, 22.8mm is the designed rainfall under 75% probability. The ratio, namely the total annual runoff control rate, is the proportion of the rainfall which is accumulated all year round in a certain area and is controlled to the total annual rainfall through natural and artificial enhanced modes such as permeation, collection and utilization, evaporation or transpiration. Namely the total annual runoff control rate is 100 percent to the proportion of the annual uncontrolled runoff rainfall to the annual total rainfall.
The ratio of the total rainfall which can be controlled and collected for use in a certain area within a certain period of time to the total rainfall is generally recorded as the rainwater utilization rate. The determination method for collecting the design rainfall using this method (hereinafter, simply referred to as the design rainfall for convenience of description of the present invention) is generally: and taking the rainfall corresponding to the maximum rainwater utilization rate as a design rainfall, and determining the volume of the water storage tank through the determined design rainfall. The larger the rainwater utilization rate is, the larger the determined reservoir volume is, but the rainwater utilization rate is determined through the total amount, and particularly when each rainfall field is reached, the rainfall capacity of a certain rainfall field is possibly far smaller than the rainfall capacity which can be accommodated by the reservoir, so that the cost of unit water volume in the reservoir in a single rainfall field is increased, the net benefit of a rainwater collection and utilization system is influenced, and the resource waste is caused.
Disclosure of Invention
To overcome the above problems or at least partially solve the above problems, embodiments of the present invention provide a method and an apparatus for determining a design rainfall.
In one aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for determining a designed rainfall, including:
s1, acquiring the first rainfall collected by the rainwater collection and utilization system in each rainfall field for each rainfall field in a preset area in a preset time period;
s2, determining a plurality of design rainfall capacities, and acquiring first-class net earnings of the rainwater collection and utilization system in the preset time period corresponding to each design rainfall capacity based on the first-class rainfall capacities;
s3, determining a fitting curve between each design rainfall and the corresponding first type net income based on each design rainfall and the corresponding first type net income, and taking the design rainfall corresponding to the maximum first type net income on the fitting curve as a first target design rainfall.
Preferably, S1 further includes:
respectively acquiring second rainfall collected by different types of rainwater collecting surfaces in the rainwater collecting and utilizing system in each rainfall field;
accordingly, S2 further includes:
acquiring a second type net income of the rainwater collection and utilization system in the preset time period corresponding to each design rainfall based on the second type rainfall;
s3 further includes:
and for each type of rainwater collection surface, determining a fitting curve between each design rainfall and the corresponding second type net income based on each design rainfall and the corresponding second type net income, and taking the design rainfall corresponding to the maximum second type net income on the fitting curve as a second target design rainfall.
Preferably, S1 further includes:
respectively acquiring a third type of rainfall collected in each rainfall field by the rainwater collection and utilization system at different rainwater runoff abandon flows;
accordingly, S2 further includes:
acquiring a third type net income of the rainwater collection and utilization system in the preset time period corresponding to each design rainfall based on the third type rainfall;
s3 further includes:
and for each rainfall runoff discard flow, determining a fitting curve between each design rainfall and the corresponding third type net income based on each design rainfall and the corresponding third type net income, and taking the design rainfall corresponding to the maximum third type net income on the fitting curve as a third target design rainfall.
Preferably, the different rainwater runoff discarding flow rates specifically include: the rainwater runoff discarding flow rate is 0, the rainwater runoff discarding flow rate is 3mm, and the rainwater runoff discarding flow rate is 5 mm.
Preferably, S1 further includes:
respectively acquiring fourth rainfall collected by different types and areas of rainwater collecting surfaces in the rainwater collecting and utilizing system in each rainfall field;
accordingly, S2 further includes:
acquiring a fourth type net income of the rainwater collection and utilization system in the preset time period corresponding to each design rainfall based on the fourth type rainfall;
s3 further includes:
and for each type of rainwater collection surface and each area value, determining a fitting curve between each design rainfall and the corresponding fourth type net profit based on each design rainfall and the corresponding fourth type net profit, and taking the design rainfall corresponding to the maximum fourth type net profit on the fitting curve as a fourth target design rainfall.
Preferably, the coefficient of certainty of the fitted curve is greater than 0.98.
Preferably, the rainwater collection and utilization system comprises a water reservoir which is used for storing the rainfall collected by the rainwater collection and utilization system.
Preferably, the first type of net profit of the rainwater collection and utilization system in the preset time period is specifically: the difference between the total income of the rainwater collection and utilization system in the preset time period and the cost required for building the rainwater collection and utilization system;
wherein the cost required for constructing the rainwater collection and utilization system includes a cost for constructing a water reservoir in the rainwater collection and utilization system and a cost for constructing a communication pipe required for the rainwater collection and utilization system.
On the other hand, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a device for determining a design rainfall, including: the device comprises a first acquisition module, a second acquisition module and a design rainfall determination module. Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the first acquisition module is used for acquiring a first type of rainfall collected by the rainwater collection and utilization system in each rainfall field of a preset area in a preset time period;
the second acquisition module is used for determining a plurality of design rainfall capacities and acquiring first class net earnings of the rainwater collection and utilization system in the preset time period corresponding to each design rainfall capacity based on the first class rainfall capacities;
the design rainfall determination module is used for determining a fitting curve between each design rainfall and the corresponding first type net income based on each design rainfall and the corresponding first type net income, and taking the design rainfall corresponding to the largest first type net income on the fitting curve as a first target design rainfall.
Preferably, the first obtaining module is further configured to: respectively acquiring second rainfall collected by different types of rainwater collecting surfaces in the rainwater collecting and utilizing system in each rainfall field;
correspondingly, the second obtaining module is further configured to:
acquiring a second type net income of the rainwater collection and utilization system in the preset time period corresponding to each design rainfall based on the second type rainfall;
the design rainfall determination module is further to:
and for each type of rainwater collection surface, determining a fitting curve between each design rainfall and the corresponding second type net income based on each design rainfall and the corresponding second type net income, and taking the design rainfall corresponding to the maximum second type net income on the fitting curve as a second target design rainfall.
According to the method and the device for determining the design rainfall, a fitting curve between the design rainfall and the corresponding first-class net income is determined, and the design rainfall corresponding to the maximum first-class net income on the fitting curve is used as the first target design rainfall. The embodiment of the invention analyzes from the technical and economic aspects, adopts an annual cost benefit analysis method, and determines the reasonable scale of the rainwater collection and utilization system according to the determined first target design rainfall, so that the benefit maximization can be achieved when the investment amount is fixed for rainwater utilization engineering, and the purpose of obtaining the maximum output with the minimum investment is achieved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, a brief description will be given below of the drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart illustrating a method for determining a design rainfall according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an H and D fitting curve without considering factors such as a rainfall runoff coefficient of a rainwater collection surface, initial rainwater runoff discarding amount and the like in a determination method for designing rainfall according to another embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic flow chart of an H and D fitting curve considering different rainfall runoff coefficients in a determination method for designing rainfall according to another embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic flow chart of an H and D fitting curve considering different areas of a rainwater collection surface and different rainwater runoff coefficients in a determination method for designing rainfall according to another embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic view of a fitted curve of different areas of a rainwater collecting surface, different runoff coefficients and a fourth target design rainfall of a method for determining a design rainfall according to another embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a rainfall capacity determination device according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the prior art, for the determination method of the design rainfall (for convenience of description, the design rainfall is referred to as the design rainfall hereinafter) for collecting and utilizing the mode, the rainfall corresponding to the maximum rainwater utilization rate is generally used as the design rainfall, and then the storage tank volume is determined by the determined design rainfall. The larger the rainwater utilization rate is, the larger the determined reservoir volume is, but the rainwater utilization rate is determined through the total amount, and particularly when each rainfall field is reached, the rainfall capacity of a certain rainfall field is possibly far smaller than the rainfall capacity which can be accommodated by the reservoir, so that the cost of unit water volume in the reservoir in a single rainfall field is increased, the net benefit of a rainwater collection and utilization system is influenced, and the resource waste is caused.
Generally speaking, the larger the reservoir volume in a rainwater collection and utilization system, the more rain is collected. However, there is a critical point after which factors such as the type of rainfall locally, the area of the rain water collecting surface in the rain water collecting and utilizing system and the amount of rain water required will limit the amount of rain water that can be collected and utilized and enter the reservoir. Therefore, for a rainwater collection and utilization system with a given rainwater collection surface area, rainwater demand and local rainfall type, an optimal reservoir volume needs to be determined, and the reservoir with the volume needs to be determined to ensure that the reservoir is fully utilized, so that the cost of unit water volume in the reservoir in a single rainfall field is reduced, and resource waste is avoided. The optimal design rainfall is determined according to the method provided by the invention, and then the optimal volume of the reservoir can be determined through the optimal design rainfall.
As shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for determining a design rainfall, including:
s1, acquiring the first rainfall collected by the rainwater collection and utilization system in each rainfall field for each rainfall field in a preset area in a preset time period;
s2, determining a plurality of design rainfall capacities, and acquiring first-class net earnings of the rainwater collection and utilization system in the preset time period corresponding to each design rainfall capacity based on the first-class rainfall capacities;
and S3, determining a fitting curve between each design rainfall and the corresponding first-class net earnings based on each design rainfall and the corresponding first-class net earnings, and taking the design rainfall corresponding to the maximum first-class net earnings on the fitting curve as a first target design rainfall.
Specifically, the embodiment of the invention adopts a cost benefit analysis method of the rainwater collection and utilization system, namely, the relation between the design rainfall and the net income of the rainwater collection and utilization system is determined according to historical rainfall data. Firstly, a preset time period is selected, for example, 1 year, a research area, namely, a preset area, for example, a ground, is determined, the rainfall collected by the rainwater collection and utilization system in each rainfall field within 1 year can be directly obtained, and the net income of the rainwater collection and utilization system within 1 year corresponding to each designed rainfall is obtained according to the first type of rainfall. To distinguish from the latter rainfall and the net gain, the rainfall here may be denoted as rainfall of the first type and the net gain here may be denoted as net gain of the first type.
It should be noted that the first type net profit in the embodiment of the present invention refers to a difference between a total profit of the rainwater collection and utilization system obtained according to the first type rainfall and a cost required for building the rainwater collection and utilization system within a preset time period; wherein the cost required for constructing the rainwater collection and utilization system includes the cost for constructing the water storage reservoir in the rainwater collection and utilization system and the cost for constructing the communication pipe required for the rainwater collection and utilization system.
The rainwater collecting and utilizing system comprises a reservoir, and the reservoir is used for storing the rainfall collected by the rainwater collecting and utilizing system. The term "determining a plurality of design rainfall amounts" as used herein means a plurality of design rainfall amounts determined based on the range of the acquired first type rainfall amount. For example, the area A has 5 rainfall scenes in 1 year, and the rainfall collected by each rainfall scene of the rainwater collection and utilization system of the area A is 40mm, 35mm, 75mm, 85mm and 60mm respectively. A number of design rainfall events can be selected in the range of 0-85 mm. The number of the specific design rainfall can be set according to the needs, and details are not repeated herein in the embodiment of the present invention. The number of the designed rainfall is in one-to-one correspondence with the number of the net benefits of the rainwater collection and utilization system to be acquired later, and the number of the designed rainfall and the number of the net benefits of the rainwater collection and utilization system to be acquired are both used for determining a fitting curve between the designed rainfall and the net benefits, so that the larger the number of the designed rainfall and the number of the net benefits of the rainwater collection and utilization system to be acquired is, the better the rainfall and the net benefits of the rainwater collection and utilization system to be acquired are. As a preferred scheme, a value may be selected as a design rainfall at intervals of a preset value interval in the range according to the range of the obtained first type rainfall. Namely, a value can be selected from the range of 0-85mm every 5mm to be used as the design rainfall.
In the embodiment of the invention, the volume of the reservoir in the rainwater collection and utilization system and the design rainfall are theoretically assumed to be mutually corresponding and matched, and because a plurality of different design rainfall is determined, the cost for building the reservoir in the rainwater collection and utilization system is different, so that the theoretically required cost for building the rainwater collection and utilization system is different.
After each design rainfall and the first type net earnings generated by the first type rainfall are obtained, fitting the discrete design rainfall and the first type net earnings, taking the design rainfall as an independent variable, taking the first type net earnings as a dependent variable, obtaining a fitting curve between the independent variable and the dependent variable, and selecting the design rainfall corresponding to the largest first type net earnings on the fitting curve as a first target design rainfall. The first class net gain is the largest, which means that if a reservoir corresponding to the designed rainfall under the largest first class net gain is built, the volume of the reservoir can be fully utilized, so that the net gain of the rainwater collection and utilization system is the largest, and therefore, the designed rainfall corresponding to the largest first class net gain is the first target designed rainfall, which is the optimal designed rainfall. According to the volume of the reservoir determined by the design rainfall, the maximum net benefit of the whole rainwater collection and utilization system can be realized.
For example: assuming that the area of the rainwater collection surface in the rainwater collection and utilization system is 1 hectare (ha), 90% of runoff can be collected. The rainwater is collected into the adjusting tank in the rainwater collecting and utilizing system of the A place, and is delivered to the water storage tank for storage after being processed, the rainwater collected after each rainfall is assumed to be utilized in the rainfall interval period, the rainfall runoff coefficient of a rainwater collecting surface (namely an underlying surface), the initial rainwater runoff abandon flow and other factors are not considered, the volume of the water storage tank can be determined according to each design rainfall, the volume of the water storage tank is different, and the scale of the rainwater collecting and utilizing system is different. Calculating the annual total income E of the rainwater utilization systems with different scales and the cost C required for building the rainwater collection and utilization system, calculating the difference between the total income E and the cost C as the net income D, and fitting the D and the corresponding design rainfall H to obtain a fitting curve so as to determine the relationship between the D and the H. The resulting fitted curve is shown in fig. 2.
The fitting curve in fig. 2 is obtained by fitting the design rainfall H as the independent variable x and D as the dependent variable y, and the obtained correlation function for representing the fitting curve is:
y＝0.12x3-32.59x2+2513x-5678 (1)
the coefficient of certainty of the fitted curve is R2When the maximum value of y is obtained by solving equation (1), the value of x is 55.68, that is, the first target design rainfall obtained from fig. 2 is 55.68mm, which may be approximately 56 mm.
According to the method for determining the design rainfall, which is provided by the embodiment of the invention, the fitting curve between the design rainfall and the corresponding first-class net income is determined, and the design rainfall corresponding to the maximum first-class net income on the fitting curve is used as the first target design rainfall. The embodiment of the invention analyzes from the technical and economic aspects, adopts an annual cost benefit analysis method, and determines the reasonable scale of the rainwater collection and utilization system according to the determined first target design rainfall, so that the benefit maximization can be achieved when the investment amount is fixed for rainwater utilization engineering, and the purpose of obtaining the maximum output with the minimum investment is achieved.
On the basis of the foregoing embodiment, in the method for determining a design rainfall provided in the embodiment of the present invention, S1 further includes:
respectively acquiring second rainfall collected by different types of rainwater collecting surfaces in a rainwater collecting and utilizing system in each rainfall field;
accordingly, S2 further includes:
acquiring a second type net income of the rainwater collection and utilization system in a preset time period corresponding to each design rainfall based on the second type rainfall;
s3 further includes:
and for each type of rainwater collection surface, determining a fitting curve between each design rainfall and the corresponding second type net income based on each design rainfall and the corresponding second type net income, and taking the design rainfall corresponding to the largest second type net income on the fitting curve as a second target design rainfall.
Specifically, in the embodiment of the present invention, in consideration of the influence of the type of the rainwater collecting surface in the rainwater collecting and utilizing system on the determination of the target design rainfall, second types of rainfall collected by different types of rainwater collecting surfaces in the rainwater collecting and utilizing system at each rainfall event are respectively obtained, and a second type of net income of the rainwater collecting and utilizing system in a preset time period corresponding to each design rainfall is obtained based on the second types of rainfall. And for each type of rainwater collection surface, determining a fitting curve between each design rainfall and the corresponding second type net income based on each design rainfall and the corresponding second type net income, and taking the design rainfall corresponding to the second type net income with the maximum value on the fitting curve as a second target design rainfall.
It should be noted that the second type of net profit in the embodiment of the present invention refers to a difference between a total profit of the rainwater collection and utilization system obtained according to the second type of rainfall and a cost required for building the rainwater collection and utilization system within a preset time period; wherein the cost required for constructing the rainwater collection and utilization system includes the cost for constructing the water reservoir in the rainwater collection and utilization system and the cost for constructing the communication pipe required for the rainwater collection and utilization system.
The rainwater collecting and utilizing system comprises a water storage tank, and the water storage tank is used for storing the rainfall collected by the rainwater collecting and utilizing system. The term "determining a plurality of design rainfall amounts" as used herein means a plurality of design rainfall amounts determined based on the range of the acquired second type rainfall amount. As a preferred scheme, a value may be selected as the design rainfall at intervals of a preset value interval in the range according to the obtained range of the second type rainfall. That is, the plurality of design rainfall amounts employed in the embodiment of the present invention may be the same as the plurality of design rainfall amounts employed in determining the first target design rainfall amount.
After second-class net earnings generated by the second-class rainfall collected by each design rainfall and different types of rainwater collection surfaces are obtained, the discrete design rainfall and the second-class net earnings are fitted, the design rainfall is used as an independent variable, the second-class net earnings are used as dependent variables, a fitting curve between the independent variable and the dependent variables is obtained, and the design rainfall corresponding to the largest second-class net earnings on the fitting curve is selected as a second target design rainfall. The second type net yield is maximum, which indicates that if a reservoir corresponding to the design rainfall under the maximum second type net yield is built, the volume of the reservoir can be fully utilized, so that the net yield of the rainwater collection and utilization system is maximum, and therefore, the design rainfall corresponding to the maximum second type net yield is the second target design rainfall, which is the optimal design rainfall determined for a certain type of rainwater collection surface. According to the volume of the reservoir determined by the design rainfall, the net benefit of the whole rainwater collection and utilization system can be maximized.
The type of the rainwater collection surface and the corresponding rainfall runoff coefficient adopted in the embodiment of the invention are shown in table 1, that is, the second type of collected rainfall is different due to different rainfall runoff coefficients of the rainwater collection surface, and the net benefit of the whole rainwater collection and utilization system is further influenced. Therefore, in the embodiment of the invention, the influence of different rainfall runoff coefficients on the determination of the target design rainfall is actually considered.
TABLE 1 type of rain water collecting surface and corresponding rainfall runoff coefficient
In the embodiment of the invention, the average rainfall runoff coefficient of the area of the rainwater collecting surface is obtained according to the type weighted average of the rainwater collecting surface. For example, in the embodiment of the present invention, the rainwater collection surface is taken as an example of a roof, a road and a green space, and the area ratios of the three are respectively: a%, b% and c%, and the rainfall runoff coefficients are 0.9, 0.8 and 0.15 respectively. Considering that the rainfall runoff coefficient of the rainwater collection surface is 0.5-0.9, fitting D and the designed rainfall H under different rainfall runoff coefficients respectively to obtain fitting curves shown in figure 3.
The fitting curve in fig. 3 is obtained by fitting with the design rainfall H as the independent variable x and D as the dependent variable y, taking into account five different rainfall runoff coefficients of 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8 and 0.9, respectively.
By solving the fitting curves in fig. 3, the values of x at which y takes the maximum value are 51, 52, 53, 54 and 55 respectively, that is, the second target design rainfall amounts corresponding to the five different rainfall runoff coefficients of 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8 and 0.9 are 51mm, 52mm, 53mm, 54mm and 55mm respectively from fig. 3.
According to the method for determining the design rainfall, provided by the embodiment of the invention, the fitting curve between the design rainfall and the corresponding second type net income is determined, and the design rainfall corresponding to the maximum second type net income on the fitting curve is used as the second target design rainfall. The embodiment of the invention analyzes from the technical and economic aspects, considers different rainfall runoff coefficients, adopts an annual cost benefit analysis method, and determines the reasonable scale of the rainwater collection and utilization system according to the determined second target design rainfall, so that the benefit maximization can be achieved when the investment amount is fixed for a rainwater utilization project, and the purpose of obtaining the maximum output with the minimum investment is achieved.
On the basis of the foregoing embodiment, in the method for determining a design rainfall provided in the embodiment of the present invention, S1 further includes:
respectively acquiring a third type of rainfall collected in each rainfall field by the rainwater collection and utilization system at different rainwater runoff abandon flows;
accordingly, S2 further includes:
acquiring a third type net income of the rainwater collection and utilization system in the preset time period corresponding to each design rainfall based on the third type rainfall;
s3 further includes:
and for each rainwater runoff abandon flow, determining a fitting curve between each design rainfall and the corresponding third type net income based on each design rainfall and the corresponding third type net income, and taking the design rainfall corresponding to the maximum third type net income on the fitting curve as a third target design rainfall.
Specifically, in the embodiment of the invention, considering the influence of the rainwater collection and utilization system on the determination of the target design rainfall capacity at different rainwater runoff dump rates, respectively obtaining a third type of rainfall capacity collected by the rainwater collection and utilization system at each rainfall field at different rainwater runoff dump rates, and obtaining a third type of net income of the rainwater collection and utilization system within a preset time period corresponding to each design rainfall capacity based on the third type of rainfall capacity. And for each rainfall runoff curtailment flow, determining a fitting curve between each design rainfall and the corresponding third type net income based on each design rainfall and the corresponding third type net income, and taking the design rainfall corresponding to the maximum third type net income on the fitting curve as a third target design rainfall.
It should be noted that the third type of net profit in the embodiment of the present invention refers to a difference between a total profit of the rainwater collection and utilization system and a cost required for building the rainwater collection and utilization system within a preset time period, which is obtained according to the third type of rainfall; wherein the cost required for constructing the rainwater collection and utilization system includes the cost for constructing the water storage reservoir in the rainwater collection and utilization system and the cost for constructing the communication pipe required for the rainwater collection and utilization system.
In the embodiment of the invention, the initial rainwater discarding is carried out in consideration of controlling rainwater runoff pollutants. The initial rainwater runoff abandon flow rate is based on that potassium dichromate (K) is adopted for actually collecting rainwater on a rainwater collection surface2Cr2O7) Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) measured as an oxidantCr) And determining the concentration of pollutants such as SS and chromaticity. In the embodiment of the invention, rainwater runoff discarding with the thickness of 0 is consideredThe volume and thickness of the rainwater runoff abandon flow is 3mm and the thickness of the rainwater runoff abandon flow is 5 mm. The runoff discarding quantity of the roof and the ground can adopt runoff thickness of 3-5 mm.
Under different flow abandoning thicknesses, fitting curves of rainfall H and rainfall D are designed as shown in fig. 4, the fitting curves in fig. 4 are obtained by fitting by taking the designed rainfall H as an independent variable x and the designed rainfall D as a dependent variable y by respectively considering three different cases of 0mm, 3mm and 5mm of flow abandoning thickness. By solving the fitting curves in fig. 4, values of x of 56, 55 and 55 can be obtained when y is the maximum value, that is, third target design rainfall amounts of 56mm, 55mm and 55mm corresponding to three different cases of 0mm, 3mm and 5mm of the abandoned flow thickness can be obtained from fig. 4.
According to the method for determining the design rainfall, provided by the embodiment of the invention, the fitting curve between the design rainfall and the corresponding third type net income is determined, and the design rainfall corresponding to the maximum third type net income on the fitting curve is used as the third target design rainfall. The embodiment of the invention analyzes from the technical and economic aspects, considers the conditions of different flow abandoning thicknesses, adopts an annual cost benefit analysis method, and determines the reasonable scale of the rainwater collection and utilization system according to the determined third target design rainfall, so that the benefit maximization can be achieved when the investment amount is fixed for rainwater utilization engineering, and the aim of obtaining the maximum output with the minimum investment is fulfilled.
On the basis of the foregoing embodiment, in the method for determining a design rainfall provided in the embodiment of the present invention, S1 further includes:
respectively acquiring fourth rainfall collected by different types and areas of rainwater collecting surfaces in the rainwater collecting and utilizing system in each rainfall field;
accordingly, S2 further includes:
acquiring a fourth type net income of the rainwater collection and utilization system in the preset time period corresponding to each design rainfall based on the fourth type rainfall;
s3 further includes:
and for each type of rainwater collection surface and each area value, determining a fitting curve between each design rainfall and the corresponding fourth type net profit based on each design rainfall and the corresponding fourth type net profit, and taking the design rainfall corresponding to the maximum fourth type net profit on the fitting curve as a fourth target design rainfall.
Specifically, the influence of different types and areas of rainwater collecting surfaces in the rainwater collecting and utilizing system on the determination of the target design rainfall is considered in the embodiment of the invention. Because the target design rainfall varies with the rainfall runoff coefficient, the actual area condition in the embodiment of the invention firstly determines the rainfall runoff abandon flow, and then simultaneously considers the fourth target design rainfall under different areas and different rainfall runoff coefficients (namely different types of the rainwater collection surface) of the rainwater collection surface.
It should be noted that the fourth type of net profit in the embodiment of the present invention refers to a difference between a total profit of the rainwater collection and utilization system and a cost required for building the rainwater collection and utilization system within a preset time period, which is obtained according to the fourth type of rainfall; wherein the cost required for constructing the rainwater collection and utilization system includes the cost for constructing the water storage reservoir in the rainwater collection and utilization system and the cost for constructing the communication pipe required for the rainwater collection and utilization system.
For example, for the area A, the rainwater runoff discarding thickness is 5mm, the areas of the rainwater collecting surfaces are respectively 1ha, 2ha, 3ha, 4ha and 5ha, the rainwater collecting surfaces with different areas can collect 90% of rainwater runoff, and the rainwater runoff coefficients are respectively selected from 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8 and 0.9. Under the conditions of different areas and different types of rainwater collecting surfaces, relevant function expressions for representing fitting curves of designed rainfall amounts H and D are shown in table 2, relevant function expressions of the rainwater collecting surfaces with different areas under the conditions of different rainwater runoff coefficients are provided in table 2, and a fourth target design rainfall amount summary obtained by solving the relevant functions is shown in table 3. A fitted curve between the fourth target design rainfall and the area of the rain water collecting surface, the runoff coefficient of rain water is shown in fig. 5. As can be seen from fig. 5, in a certain area, given the area of the rainwater collection surface and the rainwater runoff coefficient, a fourth target design rainfall can be determined. For example, if the rainwater runoff coefficient of the site B is 0.8 and the area of the rainwater collection surface in the rainwater collection and utilization system is set to 4.9ha, the target design rainfall for the rainwater collection and utilization system can be determined to be 62mm by using fig. 5 and table 3.
TABLE 2 correlation function of fitting curve of rainfall H and D under different area and different kinds of rainwater collecting surface
TABLE 3 fourth target design rainfall
According to the method for determining the design rainfall, provided by the embodiment of the invention, the fitting curve between the design rainfall and the corresponding fourth type net income is determined, and the design rainfall corresponding to the maximum fourth type net income on the fitting curve is used as the fourth target design rainfall. The embodiment of the invention analyzes from the technical and economic aspects, considers the conditions of different flow abandoning thicknesses, adopts an annual cost benefit analysis method, and determines the reasonable scale of the rainwater collection and utilization system according to the determined fourth target design rainfall, so that the benefit maximization can be achieved when the investment amount is fixed for rainwater utilization engineering, and the aim of obtaining the maximum output with the minimum investment is fulfilled.
On the basis of the above embodiments, the coefficients of determination of the fitted curves used in the embodiments of the present invention are all greater than 0.98.
As shown in fig. 6, in another embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a design rainfall determination device including: a first acquisition module 61, a second acquisition module 62 and a design rainfall determination module 63. Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the first obtaining module 61 is configured to obtain, for each rainfall field of a preset area within a preset time period, a first type of rainfall collected by the rainwater collection and utilization system at each rainfall field;
the second obtaining module 62 is configured to determine a plurality of design rainfall capacities, and obtain a first class net benefit of the rainwater collection and utilization system in the preset time period corresponding to each design rainfall capacity based on the first class rainfall capacity;
the design rainfall determination module 63 is configured to determine a fitting curve between each design rainfall and the corresponding first-type net gain based on each design rainfall and the corresponding first-type net gain, and use the design rainfall corresponding to the largest first-type net gain on the fitting curve as a first target design rainfall.
Specifically, the functions and operation flows of the modules in the device for determining a design rainfall amount provided in the embodiment of the present invention correspond to the operation flows in the above method embodiments one to one, and no further description is provided in the embodiment of the present invention.
On the basis of the foregoing embodiment, the first obtaining module is further configured to: respectively acquiring second rainfall collected by different types of rainwater collecting surfaces in the rainwater collecting and utilizing system in each rainfall field;
correspondingly, the second obtaining module is further configured to:
acquiring a second type net income of the rainwater collection and utilization system in the preset time period corresponding to each design rainfall based on the second type rainfall;
the design rainfall determination module is further to:
and for each type of rainwater collection surface, determining a fitting curve between each design rainfall and the corresponding second type net income based on each design rainfall and the corresponding second type net income, and taking the design rainfall corresponding to the maximum second type net income on the fitting curve as a second target design rainfall.
It should be noted that "first type", "second type", "third type", "fourth type", and "first" and "second" mentioned in the embodiments of the present invention all only play a role of distinguishing terms, and those skilled in the art cannot understand that they all play a role in defining the terms.
The above-described embodiments of the apparatus are merely illustrative, and the units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one position, or may be distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment. One of ordinary skill in the art can understand and implement it without inventive effort.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A method of determining a design rainfall, comprising:
s1, acquiring the first rainfall collected by the rainwater collection and utilization system in each rainfall field for each rainfall field in a preset area in a preset time period;
s2, determining a plurality of design rainfall amounts according to the range of the first type rainfall amount, and acquiring first type net earnings of the rainwater collection and utilization system in the preset time period corresponding to each design rainfall amount based on the first type rainfall amount;
s3, determining a fitting curve between each design rainfall and the corresponding first type net income based on each design rainfall and the corresponding first type net income, and taking the design rainfall corresponding to the maximum first type net income on the fitting curve as a first target design rainfall;
s1 further includes:
respectively acquiring second rainfall collected by different types of rainwater collecting surfaces in the rainwater collecting and utilizing system in each rainfall field;
accordingly, S2 further includes:
acquiring a second type net income of the rainwater collection and utilization system in the preset time period corresponding to each design rainfall based on the second type rainfall;
s3 further includes:
and for each type of rainwater collection surface, determining a fitting curve between each design rainfall and the corresponding second type net income based on each design rainfall and the corresponding second type net income, and taking the design rainfall corresponding to the maximum second type net income on the fitting curve as a second target design rainfall.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein S1 further comprises:
respectively acquiring third rainfall collected in each rainfall field by the rainwater collection and utilization system at different rainwater runoff abandon flows;
accordingly, S2 further includes:
acquiring a third type net income of the rainwater collection and utilization system in the preset time period corresponding to each design rainfall based on the third type rainfall;
s3 further includes:
and for each rainwater runoff abandon flow, determining a fitting curve between each design rainfall and the corresponding third type net income based on each design rainfall and the corresponding third type net income, and taking the design rainfall corresponding to the maximum third type net income on the fitting curve as a third target design rainfall.
3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the different stormwater runoff dump flows comprise in particular: the rainwater runoff discarding flow rate is 0, the rainwater runoff discarding flow rate is 3mm, and the rainwater runoff discarding flow rate is 5 mm.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein S1 further comprises:
respectively acquiring fourth rainfall collected by different types and areas of rainwater collecting surfaces in the rainwater collecting and utilizing system in each rainfall field;
accordingly, S2 further includes:
acquiring a fourth type net income of the rainwater collection and utilization system in the preset time period corresponding to each design rainfall based on the fourth type rainfall;
s3 further includes:
and for each type of rainwater collection surface and each area value, determining a fitting curve between each design rainfall and the corresponding fourth type net income based on each design rainfall and the corresponding fourth type net income, and taking the design rainfall corresponding to the maximum fourth type net income on the fitting curve as a fourth target design rainfall.
5. The method of any one of claims 1-4, wherein the coefficient of certainty of the fitted curve is greater than 0.98.
6. The method according to any one of claims 1-4, wherein a reservoir is included in the rainwater collection and utilization system for storing the amount of rainfall collected by the rainwater collection and utilization system.
7. The method according to claim 6, wherein the first type of net earnings of the rainwater collection and utilization system during the preset time period are specifically: the difference between the total income of the rainwater collection and utilization system in the preset time period and the cost required for building the rainwater collection and utilization system;
wherein the cost required for constructing the rainwater collection and utilization system includes a cost for constructing a water reservoir in the rainwater collection and utilization system and a cost for constructing a communication pipe required for the rainwater collection and utilization system.
8. A rainfall amount designing determination device characterized by comprising:
the first acquisition module is used for acquiring the first type of rainfall collected by the rainwater collection and utilization system in each rainfall field of a preset area in a preset time period;
the second acquisition module is used for determining a plurality of design rainfall capacities according to the range of the first type rainfall capacity and acquiring first type net earnings of the rainwater collection and utilization system in the preset time period corresponding to each design rainfall capacity based on the first type rainfall capacity;
a design rainfall determination module, configured to determine a fitted curve between each design rainfall and the corresponding first-class net earnings based on each design rainfall and the corresponding first-class net earnings, and to use a design rainfall corresponding to a largest first-class net earnings on the fitted curve as a first target design rainfall;
the first obtaining module is further configured to: respectively acquiring second rainfall collected by different types of rainwater collecting surfaces in the rainwater collecting and utilizing system in each rainfall field;
correspondingly, the second obtaining module is further configured to:
acquiring a second type net income of the rainwater collection and utilization system in the preset time period corresponding to each design rainfall based on the second type rainfall;
the design rainfall determination module is further to:
and for each type of rainwater collection surface, determining a fitting curve between each design rainfall and the corresponding second type net income based on each design rainfall and the corresponding second type net income, and taking the design rainfall corresponding to the maximum second type net income on the fitting curve as a second target design rainfall.
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