CN108957364A - A kind of magnetic field sensor and Measurement Method for Magnetic Field - Google Patents
A kind of magnetic field sensor and Measurement Method for Magnetic Field Download PDFInfo
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- CN108957364A CN108957364A CN201810724020.1A CN201810724020A CN108957364A CN 108957364 A CN108957364 A CN 108957364A CN 201810724020 A CN201810724020 A CN 201810724020A CN 108957364 A CN108957364 A CN 108957364A
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- magnetic field
- optical fiber
- fixed sleeving
- magnetostriction
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R33/00—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
- G01R33/02—Measuring direction or magnitude of magnetic fields or magnetic flux
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- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Measuring Magnetic Variables (AREA)
Abstract
This application discloses a kind of magnetic field sensor, including sensor body, the sensor body includes: optical fiber；Fixed sleeving is set in the outer fiber；The outside of the fixed sleeving is arranged in magnetostriction shell.Magnetic field sensor and Measurement Method for Magnetic Field provided herein, fixed sleeving is set in outer fiber, and the outside of the fixed sleeving is arranged in magnetostriction shell.Since the length of magnetostriction shell is longer, the drift amount generated under same magnetic field intensity is more.Therefore, when the length of magnetostriction shell is greater than fiber lengths, it will be able to the elegant amount more than fiber lengths be passed to optical fiber by fixed sleeving, bigger drift amount can be occurred than traditional approach by resulting in optical fiber.The result obtained by bigger drift amount is also more accurate.
Description
Technical field
This application involves magnetic-field measurement fields, more particularly to a kind of sensor using magnetostriction materials measurement magnetic field
And measurement method.
Background technique
Traditional method for measuring magnetic field by magnetostriction materials is that grating is adhered directly to isometric magnetostriction materials
Surface.When magnetostriction materials encounter magnetic field to be measured and telescopic variation occurs, the drift amount of this variation is passed to
Long grating, then the magnetic field strength to obtain magnetic field to be measured is changed by the length of grating.However traditional measurement method, due to
Magnetostriction materials and grating are isometric, and the stroke of magnetostriction materials often very littles, and which results in stretching for grating
Contracting amount also very little.If when judging magnetic field strength, often will appear error by this very subtle stroke of grating and lead
Cause measurement result inaccuracy.
Summary of the invention
The application's aims to overcome that the above problem or at least is partially solved or alleviates the above problem.
According to the one aspect of the application, a kind of magnetic field sensor, including sensor body, the sensor sheet are provided
Body includes: optical fiber；Fixed sleeving is set in the outer fiber；The outer of the fixed sleeving is arranged in magnetostriction shell
Side.
Above-mentioned magnetic field sensor, the quantity of the fixed sleeving are 1, and the fixed sleeving is elastic material.
Above-mentioned magnetic field sensor, the quantity of the fixed sleeving are 2, are respectively sleeved at the two of the outer fiber
End, and the magnetostriction shell is separately connected 2 fixed sleevings.
Above-mentioned magnetic field sensor, the optical fiber are equipped with grating.
Above-mentioned magnetic field sensor, the magnetic field sensor ontology further include: bonding agent, setting the optical fiber with it is described
Between fixed sleeving.
Above-mentioned magnetic field sensor, the fixed sleeving outside are equipped with screw thread, and the both ends of the magnetostriction shell are equipped with
Nut.
Above-mentioned magnetic field sensor, the magnetic field sensor include 3 sensor bodies, and 3 sensors
Ontology is mutually perpendicular between any two.
According to further aspect of the application, a kind of Measurement Method for Magnetic Field is additionally provided, is included the following steps:
S2: fixed sleeving is arranged on the outside of optical fiber；
S4: magnetostriction shell is set in the outside of the fixed sleeving；
S6: according to formulaObtain magnetic field strength, wherein
H is magnetic field strength to be measured
Δ λ is the wavelength drift amount of the optical fiber
λ is the central wavelength of the optical fiber
Pe is the elasto-optical coefficient of the optical fiber
C is the coefficient of dilatation of the magnetostriction shell
According to further aspect of the application, additionally provides and include the following steps:
S2: grating is set in the inside of optical fiber；
S4: fixed sleeving is arranged on the outside of the optical fiber；
S6: magnetostriction shell is set in the outside of the fixed sleeving；
S8: according to formulaObtain magnetic field strength, wherein
H is magnetic field strength to be measured
Δ λ is the wavelength drift amount of the grating
λ is the central wavelength of the grating
Pe is the elasto-optical coefficient of the optical fiber
C is the coefficient of dilatation of the magnetostriction shell
Magnetic field sensor and Measurement Method for Magnetic Field provided herein, fixed sleeving are set in outer fiber, and magnetic
Cause telescopic shell that the outside of the fixed sleeving is set.Since the length of magnetostriction shell is longer, in same magnetic field strength
The lower drift amount generated of degree is more.Therefore, when the length of magnetostriction shell is greater than fiber lengths, it will be able to light will be more than
The elegant amount of fine length passes to optical fiber by fixed sleeving, and bigger drift can be occurred than traditional approach by resulting in optical fiber
Amount.The result obtained by bigger drift amount is also more accurate.
According to the accompanying drawings to the detailed description of the specific embodiment of the application, those skilled in the art will be more
Above-mentioned and other purposes, the advantages and features of the application are illustrated.
Detailed description of the invention
Some specific embodiments of the application are described in detail by way of example and not limitation with reference to the accompanying drawings hereinafter.
Identical appended drawing reference denotes same or similar part or part in attached drawing.It should be appreciated by those skilled in the art that these
What attached drawing was not necessarily drawn to scale.In attached drawing:
Fig. 1 is the diagrammatic cross-section according to the magnetic field sensor of the application one embodiment；
Fig. 2 is the diagrammatic cross-section according to the magnetic field sensor of the application another embodiment；
Fig. 3 is the stereoscopic schematic diagram according to the magnetic field sensor of the application another embodiment.
Specific embodiment
Please refer to Fig. 1, in one embodiment of the application, magnetic field sensor, including sensor body 100, the sensor sheet
Body 100 includes: optical fiber 1, fixed sleeving 2 and magnetostriction shell 3.Wherein, fixed sleeving 2 is set in 1 outside of optical fiber.Magnetic
Cause telescopic shell 3 that the outside of the fixed sleeving 2 is set.In the present embodiment, the quantity of the fixed sleeving 2 is 2, point
It is not set in the both ends in 1 outside of optical fiber, and the magnetostriction shell is separately connected 2 fixed sleevings.Work as mangneto
Power caused by the drift amount is passed to two fixed sleevings 2 because when generating drift amount in magnetic field by telescopic shell 3
On.Two fixed sleevings 2 will in this used in lower pull optical fiber 1 connected to it.Then optical fiber 1 occurs under pulling
Length variation, finally by formula according to formulaObtain magnetic field strength.Wherein, H is that magnetic field to be measured is strong
Degree, Δ λ are that the wavelength drift amount of the optical fiber can be measured by instrument, and λ is that the central wavelength of the optical fiber is (known or can lead to
Cross apparatus measures), Pe is the elasto-optical coefficient (known or can pass through apparatus measures) of the optical fiber, and C is the magnetostriction shell
Coefficient of dilatation (known or apparatus measures can be passed through)
Magnetic field sensor provided herein, since the length of magnetostriction shell is longer, in same magnetic field intensity
The drift amount of lower generation is more.Therefore, when the length of magnetostriction shell is greater than fiber lengths, it will be able to optical fiber will be more than
The elegant amount of length passes to optical fiber by fixed sleeving, and bigger drift amount can be occurred than traditional approach by resulting in optical fiber.
The result obtained by bigger drift amount is also more accurate.
In one embodiment of the application, in order to preferably measure the drift amount of optical fiber, the optical fiber is equipped with grating 4.That
Formula can also be passed throughObtain magnetic field strength.Wherein, H is magnetic field strength to be measured, and Δ λ is the grating
Wavelength drift amount, λ be the grating central wavelength, Pe be the optical fiber elasto-optical coefficient, C be the magnetostriction shell
Coefficient of dilatation.But be not limited thereto, those skilled in the art can be not provided with grating according to actual needs, and directly survey
Measure the various physical parameters of optical fiber.In the present embodiment, light is equipped with 1 grating, however is not limited thereto, this field skill
The quantity of grating can be arranged in art personnel according to actual needs, belong in the application range claimed.Traditional electrical measurement
Method (method based on detection voltage and current) is if there are the nearly rattans under high-frequency electromagnetic interference or resistive element profound hypothermia in circuit
The magnetoresistance of effect and thermoelectric effect or low frequency electromagnetic off field will all largely effect on the reliability or even nothing of measurement result
Method uses.And multimetering needs a large amount of cable to carry out information transmission, is routed interference structure performance.Fiber grating measurement
Method not only overcomes various fatal defects of electrical measuring method, also brings the significant increase of performance.Fiber grating is small in size, sensitive
Degree is high, and profound hypothermia strong-electromagnetic field remains to effectively measure stress and temperature when interfering, and can not only be used for sensing element, also can be used as elasticity
Element can greatly simplify the structure design of various types sensor, be conducive to minimize.It is settable up to up to a hundred on simple optical fiber
A grating greatly simplifies the arrangement of measurement route, saves big quantity space.Especially in complicated large scale superconducting magnet structure, light
The above-mentioned measuring characteristic of fine grating brings impayable advantage.
In the above-described embodiments, the quantity of fixed sleeving 2 is 2, but is not limited thereto, in the application other embodiments
In, those skilled in the art can set the quantity of fixed sleeving 2 according to the actual situation, claimed in the application
In range.Referring to figure 2., such as when the quantity of fixed sleeving 2 is 1.The fixed sleeving is elastic material or elasticity
The combination of material and non-elastic material.As long as the coefficient of elasticity of fixed sleeving 2 and the coefficient of elasticity of optical fiber are different at this time, similarly
The variable transferrings of the magnetostriction materials of optical fiber can be achieved the purpose that will to be longer than to optical fiber, by calculating, can also obtain to
Survey the intensity in magnetic field.
In one embodiment of the application, in order to preferably combine optical fiber 1 and fixed sleeving 2, magnetic field sensor further include: viscous
It connects agent (not being painted in figure), is arranged between the optical fiber 1 and the fixed sleeving 2.In the present embodiment, bonding agent is epoxy
Resin adhesive, however be not limited thereto.
In one embodiment of the application, it is equipped with screw thread (not being painted in figure) on the outside of the fixed sleeving 2, the magnetostriction
The both ends of shell 3 are equipped with nut 31.It can be achieved the purpose that by adjusting nut 31 and screw thread so that optical fiber is tensioned.However, not
As limit, any of structure can be used to reach according to the actual situation by those skilled in the art so that the mesh that optical fiber is tensioned
, it belongs in the application range claimed.
In one embodiment of the application, magnetostriction shell is that material is rare earth element magnetostriction materials.
In one embodiment of the application, the surface of optical fiber 1 is coated with polymer-coated layer, is able to bear with to reinforce optical fiber 1
Axial tension.
Referring to figure 3., in one embodiment of the application, the magnetic field sensor include 3 sensor bodies 100 and
Pedestal 200, and 3 sensor bodies are mutually perpendicular between any two.By stereochemical structure magnetic field sensor, sky can be both measured
Between any point magnetic field strength (size and direction).But those skilled in the art can be not provided with base according to actual needs
Seat, in the application range claimed.
According to the another aspect of the application, in one embodiment of the application, a kind of Measurement Method for Magnetic Field is provided, feature exists
In including the following steps:
S2: fixed sleeving is arranged on the outside of optical fiber；
S4: magnetostriction shell is set in the outside of the fixed sleeving；
S6: according to formulaObtain magnetic field strength, wherein
H is magnetic field strength to be measured
Δ λ is the wavelength drift amount of the optical fiber
λ is the central wavelength of the optical fiber
Pe is the elasto-optical coefficient of the optical fiber
C is the coefficient of dilatation of the magnetostriction shell
According to the another aspect of the application, in one embodiment of the application, include the following steps:
S2: grating is set in the inside of optical fiber；
S4: fixed sleeving is arranged on the outside of the optical fiber；
S6: magnetostriction shell is set in the outside of the fixed sleeving；
S8: according to formulaObtain magnetic field strength, wherein
H is magnetic field strength to be measured
Δ λ is the wavelength drift amount of the grating
λ is the central wavelength of the grating
Pe is the elasto-optical coefficient of the optical fiber
C is the coefficient of dilatation of the magnetostriction shell
The application is using magnetostriction materials or is mixed with the giant magnetostrictive material of rare earth element, internal to exist
The coupling of power, magnetic, heat, if not considering, temperature effect or temperature change are weaker, can only consider power magneto-coupling effect, to obtain
It obtains its maximum magnetostriction coefficient and needs to apply certain pressure.The threaded metal tubule of this patent design plays two passes
The effect of key.Such as figure, threaded metal sleeve adheres company by bonding agent and stabilized fiber, and metal sleeve one side enhances
The tension and compression rigidity of region, the region elongation strain amount is negligible after optical fiber tension.On the other hand its be threaded through nut can
Effectively transmitting axial force, and very convenient adjusting nut position, realize the prestress application of magnetostriction materials.
When designed sensor is in magnetic field environment, magnetostriction materials will be stretched in length generation axially along
Contracting, projection of the stroke to the magnetic field coefficient of elongation and magnetic field of material in length of material direction are related.Magnetostriction materials elongation
After will generate thrust, push nut toward mobile to both ends, so that pulling force is effectively passed in optical fiber.Metal tubule cladding
Region is since tension and compression rigidity is very big, and deflection is negligible, and most deflections will all be undertaken by the optical fiber of grating region,
To realize so-called variation rigidity enhanced sensitivity, i.e., magnetostriction deformation caused by most of magnetic field is transferred to very small part in optical fiber
Grating region.Its enhanced sensitivity coefficient is related with metal tubule length, grating section length, magnetostriction casing length.
If known magnetic field direction (such as energization solenoid center), sensor parallel magnetic direction is placed, can after calibration
Directly measure magnetic field size.If magnetic direction is unknown, need to be surveyed using three Combined structure of sensor as shown in Figure 3
Amount, by determining its size and Orientation in the measurements of the orthogonal three durection component sizes in space to magnetic field.Single fiber is more
Multiple sensors are arranged as shown in Fig. 2, can be spaced on optical fiber in point measurement.
Such as 10 centimetres of optical fiber can only be attached on 10 centimetres of magnetostriction materials by traditional measurement method, when 10 li
Magnetostriction materials when changing and increasing to 11 centimetres, optical fiber is also stretched to 11 centimetres from 10 centimetres at this time.Then make
Magnetic field is calculated with Δ λ/λ=1/10=0.1 numerical value.And magnetic field sensor provided herein and magnetic-field measurement side
Method, fixed sleeving is set in outer fiber, and the outside of the fixed sleeving is arranged in magnetostriction shell.Due to magnetostriction
The length of shell is longer, and the drift amount generated under same magnetic field intensity is more.Therefore, when the magnetic using 100 centimeter lengths
When causing telescopic shell and the optical fiber of 10 centimeter lengths, it will be able to which length caused by 100 centimetres of magnetostriction shells is changed (10
Centimetre) it is transferred to optical fiber.I.e. optical fiber is elongated to 20 centimetres from 10 centimetres.Therefore Δ λ/λ=(20-10)/10=1.It is such
Accuracy rate is 10 times of conventional method.It is certainly above-mentioned that only for example the beneficial effect of the application, specific value are not
Numerical value described in the example above.
The above description of the application and the diagram in Figure of description be all by taking one whole optical fiber as an example, however not with
This is limited.Principle used in this application be using generate length variation optical fiber calculated, therefore only length variation
Optical fiber is just necessary.The part fixed as fixed sleeving 2 is then not necessarily optical fiber, is also possible to other materials and produces
The optical fiber splicing of growth degree variation forms, this belongs to the application range claimed.
The preferable specific embodiment of the above, only the application, but the protection scope of the application is not limited thereto,
Within the technical scope of the present application, any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by anyone skilled in the art,
Should all it cover within the scope of protection of this application.Therefore, the protection scope of the application should be with scope of protection of the claims
Subject to.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of magnetic field sensor, which is characterized in that including sensor body, the sensor body includes:
Optical fiber；
Fixed sleeving is set in the outer fiber；
The outside of the fixed sleeving is arranged in magnetostriction shell.
2. magnetic field sensor according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the quantity of the fixed sleeving is 1, and described
Fixed sleeving is elastic material.
3. magnetic field sensor according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the quantity of the fixed sleeving is 2, is covered respectively
The both ends of the outer fiber are located at, and the magnetostriction shell is separately connected 2 fixed sleevings.
4. magnetic field sensor according to claim 1 to 3, which is characterized in that the optical fiber is equipped with grating.
5. magnetic field sensor according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the magnetic field sensor ontology further include:
Bonding agent is arranged between the optical fiber and the fixed sleeving.
6. magnetic field sensor according to claim 4, which is characterized in that screw thread is equipped on the outside of the fixed sleeving, it is described
The both ends of magnetostriction shell are equipped with nut.
7. magnetic field sensor according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the magnetic field sensor includes 3 sensings
Device ontology, and 3 sensor bodies are mutually perpendicular between any two.
8. a kind of Measurement Method for Magnetic Field, which comprises the steps of:
S2: fixed sleeving is arranged on the outside of optical fiber；
S4: magnetostriction shell is set in the outside of the fixed sleeving；
S6: according to formulaObtain magnetic field strength, wherein
H is magnetic field strength to be measured
Δ λ is the wavelength drift amount of the optical fiber
λ is the central wavelength of the optical fiber
Pe is the elasto-optical coefficient of the optical fiber
C is the coefficient of dilatation of the magnetostriction shell.
9. a kind of Measurement Method for Magnetic Field, which comprises the steps of: S2: grating is arranged in the inside of optical fiber；
S4: fixed sleeving is arranged on the outside of the optical fiber；
S6: magnetostriction shell is set in the outside of the fixed sleeving；
S8: according to formulaObtain magnetic field strength, wherein
H is magnetic field strength to be measured
Δ λ is the wavelength drift amount of the grating
λ is the central wavelength of the grating
Pe is the elasto-optical coefficient of the optical fiber
C is the coefficient of dilatation of the magnetostriction shell.
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| CN201810724020.1A CN108957364A (en) | 2018-07-04 | 2018-07-04 | A kind of magnetic field sensor and Measurement Method for Magnetic Field |
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| CN110554251A (en) * | 2019-09-09 | 2019-12-10 | 中国电力科学研究院有限公司 | Electric field intensity measuring sensor and electric field intensity measuring device comprising same |
| CN111413650A (en) * | 2020-03-27 | 2020-07-14 | 北京交通大学 | Composite coating magnetic measurement optical fiber and preparation method thereof |
| CN115453429A (en) * | 2022-11-09 | 2022-12-09 | 南方电网数字电网研究院有限公司 | Magnetic sensor, manufacturing method thereof and magnetic field measuring system |
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