CN104279973A - Wide-range fiber bragg grating strain sensor - Google Patents
Wide-range fiber bragg grating strain sensor Download PDFInfo
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- CN104279973A CN104279973A CN201410505524.6A CN201410505524A CN104279973A CN 104279973 A CN104279973 A CN 104279973A CN 201410505524 A CN201410505524 A CN 201410505524A CN 104279973 A CN104279973 A CN 104279973A
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- fiber grating
- bragg grating
- point
- fiber bragg
- strain
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Abstract
A wide-range fiber bragg grating strain sensor achieves wide-range strain measuring through an effective method. The wide-range fiber bragg grating strain sensor comprises a fiber bragg grating, a packaging substrate and a protective casing. The fiber bragg grating and the packaging substrate are fixed in a gluing mode, and the protective casing and the packaging substrate are fixed in a gluing mode. The packaging substrate is integrally formed and can be divided into three areas which comprise a fixed supporting point, a spring structure and a flying wing. The wide-range fiber bragg grating strain sensor is easy to mount, the fixed supporting point on the packaging substrate is closely attached to a measured surface in an attaching mode, the strain of the measured surface is transmitted to the fiber bragg grating through the unique design of the packaging substrate, so that the reflection wavelength of the fiber bragg grating is changed, and the change of the strain of the measured surface can be obtained by monitoring the change of the wavelength. The strain range of the wide-range fiber bragg grating strain sensor can reach 18000 microstrains.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of wide range fiber grating strain transducer, can 18000 be applied to
μthe ε even strain measurement of greater amount journey.
Background technology
Fiber Bragg grating strain sensor is a kind of range of application Fibre Optical Sensor widely.When fiber grating strain changes, the material of optical fiber is subject to the impact of grid cycle length and elasto-optical effect can cause the drift of resonance wavelength, and resonance wavelength is with strain linear change.Determined wavelength can obtain the strain information on surface to be measured.Wavelength shift to strain sensitivity and measure range and encapsulating structure closely related.
In some surface strain measuring process, require that the measurement range of strain transducer is very large, reach ten thousand grades of microstrains, and require that Distributed Multi is measured, and winding displacement is succinct, demodulated equipment compact.Traditional resistance strain gage and ordinary optic fibre grating sensor are difficult to satisfy the demands.
Summary of the invention
Technology of the present invention is dealt with problems and is: for the deficiencies in the prior art, and the invention provides a kind of fiber Bragg grating strain sensor for large sstrain range, volume is little, lightweight, is easy to install.
Technical solution of the present invention is:
A kind of wide range fiber grating strain transducer, comprising: fiber grating, enclosed chip and protective casing;
Enclosed chip is processed by whole piece rectangle stainless steel, one-body molded, and enclosed chip comprises three parts, is respectively: clamped point, spring structure and all-wing aircraft; Two clamped points lay respectively at the both sides of spring structure, are connected respectively with the both sides of spring structure, and two all-wing aircrafts lay respectively at the outside of two clamped points; Clamped dot thickness is greater than the thickness of spring structure and all-wing aircraft, the relative spring structure of clamped point and all-wing aircraft projection, this bossing applies viscose glue described wide range fiber grating strain transducer is pasted on a mounting surface, make, between all-wing aircraft and mounting surface, there is space; When mounting surface generation deformation, there is elastic deformation in the spring structure of described strain transducer, avoid enclosed chip generation plastic deformation or break thereupon;
Enclosed chip has groove along long side direction, fiber grating in this groove through and fiber grating and this groove have two to be adhesively fixed fixes a point, the part cover that fiber grating is positioned at outside described enclosed chip has protective casing protection.
Described fiber grating is Fiber Bragg Grating FBG, and described protective casing is resin material, and external diameter is 0.9mm.
Two distance L between fixing a point that are adhesively fixed of fiber grating and described groove
aand the distance L between two clamped points
bbetween meet following relational expression: L
a/ L
b>>=ε
b/ ε
a, ε
bfor the range of described fiber Bragg grating strain sensor, ε
afor the maximum strain value that described fiber grating tolerates.
Described fiber grating and described groove bonding use epoxy glue.
Described fiber grating comprises hot setting and normal temperature cure two kinds of modes with described groove by epoxy glue is bonding, and described hot setting refers to and to be cured under higher than 80 DEG C of environment, and normal temperature cure refers to and to be cured in room temperature range.
When adopting hot setting mode, if when two pretightning forces between fixing a point that are adhesively fixed of described fiber grating and described groove are 2N-2.5N, the operating temperature range of described fiber Bragg grating strain sensor is-40 DEG C to 120 DEG C; If when two pretightning forces between fixing a point that are adhesively fixed of described fiber grating and described groove are 1.5N-2N, the operating temperature range of described fiber Bragg grating strain sensor is 0 DEG C to 120 DEG C;
When adopting normal temperature cure mode, if when two pretightning forces between fixing a point that are adhesively fixed of described fiber grating and described groove are 1N-2N, the operating temperature range of described fiber Bragg grating strain sensor is-40 DEG C to 120 DEG C; If when two pretightning forces between fixing a point that are adhesively fixed of described fiber grating and described groove are 0.5N-1N, the operating temperature range of described fiber Bragg grating strain sensor is 0 DEG C to 120 DEG C.
The present invention compared with prior art tool has the following advantages:
(1) fiber-optic grating sensor encapsulating structure of the present invention have employed and subtracts quick design, thus range extension scope, exceed existing fiber Bragg grating strain sensor.Encapsulating structure is one-body molded, and sensor production is simple, easy for installation.
(2) two distance L between fixing a point that are adhesively fixed of fiber grating and described groove
aand the distance L between two clamped points
b, ε
bfor the range of described fiber Bragg grating strain sensor, ε
afor the maximum strain value that described fiber grating tolerates, by simple principle L
a/ L
b>=ε
b/ ε
a, design L
aor L
blength just the range of sensor can be extended to fiber grating tolerance dependent variable several times.
(3) if two pretightning forces between fixing a point that are adhesively fixed by changing described fiber grating and groove of the present invention, corresponding senor operating temperature scope can be changed.The different condition of cure of epoxy glue coordinates different pretightning forces, can design the different temperature range of sensor and select for user.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is sensor construction schematic diagram, and wherein, Fig. 1 (a) is sensor front schematic view, and Fig. 1 (b) is sensor schematic rear view;
Fig. 2 is the first spring structure schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is the second spring structure schematic diagram;
Fig. 4 is enclosed chip structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the response schematic diagram of sensor of the present invention No. 6 samples to strain.
Embodiment
Just by reference to the accompanying drawings the present invention is described further below.
As shown in Fig. 1 (a), Fig. 1 (b), the invention provides a kind of wide range fiber grating strain transducer, comprising: fiber grating 1, enclosed chip 2 and protective casing 3;
Enclosed chip 2 is formed by the materials processing of whole piece rectangle stainless steel 301, one-body molded, and enclosed chip 2 comprises three parts, is respectively: clamped point 22, spring structure 21 and all-wing aircraft 23; Two clamped points 22 lay respectively at the both sides of spring structure 21, are connected respectively with the both sides of spring structure 21, and two all-wing aircrafts 23 lay respectively at the outside of two clamped points 22; Clamped point 22 thickness is greater than the thickness of spring structure 21 and all-wing aircraft 23, clamped point 22 is spring structure 21 and all-wing aircraft 23 projection relatively, this bossing applies viscose glue described wide range fiber grating strain transducer is pasted on a mounting surface, make, between all-wing aircraft 23 and mounting surface, there is space, corresponding space can be reserved for the installation of protective casing, after avoiding installation of guard sleeve, make sensor both sides tilt; When mounting surface generation deformation, there is elastic deformation in the spring structure 21 of described strain transducer thereupon, reduce stress suffered by spring structure when spring structure can make large sstrain situation occur, avoid enclosed chip 2 that plastic deformation occurs or to break or the situation of coming unstuck appears in clamped point; Spring structure has multiple pattern, referring to figs. 2 and 3 shown, can select the spring of varying strength according to different strain ranges.
Enclosed chip 2 has groove along long side direction; in order to protect fiber grating 1; fiber grating 1 in this groove through and fiber grating 1 and this groove have two to be adhesively fixed fixes a point, the fiber grating 1 part cover be positioned at outside described enclosed chip 2 has protective casing 3 to protect.
Described fiber grating 1 is Fiber Bragg Grating FBG, and described protective casing 3 is resin material, and external diameter is 0.9mm.
Two distance L between fixing a point that are adhesively fixed of fiber grating 1 and described groove
aand the distance L between two clamped points 22
bbetween meet following relational expression: L
a/ L
b>>=ε
b/ ε
a, ε
bfor the range of described fiber Bragg grating strain sensor, ε
afor the maximum strain value that described fiber grating 1 tolerates.
Described fiber grating 1 uses epoxy glue with described groove bonding.Fiber grating 1 comprises hot setting and normal temperature cure two kinds of modes with described groove by epoxy glue is bonding, and described hot setting refers to and to be cured under higher than 80 DEG C of environment, and normal temperature cure refers to and to be cured in room temperature range.
When adopting hot setting mode, if when two pretightning forces between fixing a point that are adhesively fixed of described fiber grating 1 and described groove are 2N-2.5N, the operating temperature range of described fiber Bragg grating strain sensor is-40 DEG C to 120 DEG C; If when two pretightning forces between fixing a point that are adhesively fixed of described fiber grating 1 and described groove are 1.5N-2N, the operating temperature range of described fiber Bragg grating strain sensor is 0 DEG C to 120 DEG C;
When adopting normal temperature cure mode, if when two pretightning forces between fixing a point that are adhesively fixed of described fiber grating 1 and described groove are 1N-2N, the operating temperature range of described fiber Bragg grating strain sensor is-40 DEG C to 120 DEG C; If when two pretightning forces between fixing a point that are adhesively fixed of described fiber grating 1 and described groove are 0.5N-1N, the operating temperature range of described fiber Bragg grating strain sensor is 0 DEG C to 120 DEG C.
Fiber Bragg grating strain sensor principle of work of the present invention is as follows:
Suppose that the strain of object under test is ε, the clamped point of sensor is pasted onto surface to be measured, and strain in axial direction has
ε
B＝ε＝ΔL/L
B
Wherein Δ L is the length variations between clamped point, L
bfor the length between clamped point.
The strain be carried on grating is
ε
A＝ΔL/L
A
Wherein L
afor the distance between bonding fiber point, Δ L is the length variations of optical fiber, is equal to the length variations between clamped point.
Strain then suffered by fiber grating self and the strain of testee unequal, subtracted quick ε
b/ ε
a=L
a/ L
bdoubly.
Therefore we are by designing the ratio of optical fiber viscose glue point length and encapsulating structure clamped length, just can control Fibre Optical Sensor and subtract quick multiple, are also the expansion multiples of range simultaneously.
Optic fiber grating wavelength drift delta λ
bas follows with the relation of strain and temperature variation:
Δλ
B＝λ
B[(1-p
e)Δε+(α
Λ+α
n)ΔT]
＝λ
BS
εΔε+λ
BS
TΔT
Wherein, Section 1 represents the strain effect of optical fiber, p
efor elasto-optical coefficient, Section 2 represents the impact of temperature on fiber, α
Λfor the expansion coefficient of fiber optic materials, because the impact of its drift value on optical grating reflection wavelength is less, can ignore.The change of fiber grating Bragg wavelength and strain and environmental change linearly (or substantially linear) relation, by detection fiber grating Bragg wavelength, just can record strain or environment temperature.The clamped point of sensor is affixed on surface to be measured, coordinates temperature compensation sensor, the sensor of our design can obtain the dependent variable on surface to be measured.
Fiber-optic grating sensor encapsulating structure of the present invention have employed and subtracts quick design, thus range extension scope, exceed existing fiber Bragg grating strain sensor.Encapsulating structure is one-body molded, and sensor production is simple, easy for installation.
The present invention is by simple principle L
a/ L
b>=ε
b/ ε
a, design L
aor L
blength just the range of sensor can be extended to fiber grating tolerance dependent variable several times.
If two pretightning forces between fixing a point that are adhesively fixed by changing described fiber grating and groove of the present invention, can change corresponding senor operating temperature scope.The different condition of cure of epoxy glue coordinates different pretightning forces, can design the different temperature range of sensor and select for user.
Embodiment:
The present invention is according to following process implementation:
Fiber grating 1 is gluing fixing with enclosed chip 2; Protective casing 3 is gluing fixing with described enclosed chip 2.Fiber grating 1 is Fiber Bragg Grating FBG, and the coat of optical fiber surface is polyimide.Enclosed chip 2 is stainless steel 301, and protective casing 3 is resin material, and external diameter is 0.9mm, for the protection of the tail optical fiber of fiber grating 1.
Fiber grating is treated that the coat at viscose glue position divests in advance and is convenient to a glue.By fiber grating 1 through enclosed chip 2, all-wing aircraft 23 is fixed with epoxy glue, viscose glue dot spacing L
a.Epoxy glue solidification temperature 80 DEG C, applies pretightning force 2.5N, to ensure that optical fiber also keeps straight configuration at low ambient temperatures when optical fiber second viscose glue point viscose glue on optical fiber.After treating the solidification of fiber grating viscose glue, the left and right sides is interted into optical fiber protective casing 3, cements with epoxy glue.
The size of stainless steel enclosed chip 2 as shown in Figure 4.Clamped point 22 thickness is 1mm, and case chip remainder thickness is 0.8mm.
Sensor of the present invention is bonded at object under test surface, and a tail optical fiber connecting fiber grating demodulation instrument of fiber grating, another root tail optical fiber can connect the fiber-optic grating sensor of different wave length.Wideband light source enters sensor from fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator by tail optical fiber, the light of arrowband is reflected back through fiber grating, again enter (FBG) demodulator, the wavelength of reflection wave can be obtained, by detection of reflected wavelength, and known transducer sensitivity and zero point, just can by calculating the strain on surface to be measured.
The structure subtracted between the following clamped point 2 of quick mode is identical with surface strain to be measured, through encapsulating structure subtract quick after by strain transfer on fiber grating.L
afor the distance between optical fiber viscose glue point, by the impact of viscose glue length, the sensor L that same enclosed chip makes
asize out of true is equal, L
bfor the length between clamped point, L in the middle of this example
a=29.5mm, L
b=6.3mm.The strain facies of the strain suffered by fiber grating self and testee is than subtracting quick ε
b/ ε
a=L
a/ L
b=4.68 times.
Through demarcating, 6 samples that we make are as follows at the calibration result of metering institute:
No. 1 sample sensitivity 0.26pm/ μ ε linearity 0.9%
No. 2 sample sensitivity 0.26pm/ μ ε linearities 0.8%
No. 3 sample sensitivity 0.248pm/ μ ε linearities 0.9%
No. 4 sample sensitivity 0.239pm/ μ ε linearities 0.9%
No. 5 sample sensitivity 0.258pm/ μ ε linearities 0.9%
No. 6 sample sensitivity 0.250pm/ μ ε linearities 0.9%
Wherein the sensitivity relation of No. 6 samples as shown in Figure 5, and wherein transverse axis represents surface strain amount to be measured, and maximal value is more than 16000 μ ε, and the longitudinal axis represents the reflection wavelength (nm) of fiber grating, is the monitor value of fiber-optic grating sensor.By the response of computational reflect wavelength and surface strain amount to be measured, the sensitivity of sensor can be obtained.
From calibration result, sensor of the present invention has good consistance, and sensitivity significantly reduces, and sensor can realize large range measuring, and data have the extraordinary linearity.
The unspecified part of the present invention belongs to general knowledge as well known to those skilled in the art.
Claims (6)
1. a wide range fiber grating strain transducer, is characterized in that comprising: fiber grating (1), enclosed chip (2) and protective casing (3);
Enclosed chip (2) is processed by whole piece rectangle stainless steel, one-body molded, enclosed chip (2) comprises three parts, is respectively: clamped point (22), spring structure (21) and all-wing aircraft (23); Two clamped points (22) lay respectively at the both sides of spring structure (21), are connected respectively with the both sides of spring structure (21), and two all-wing aircrafts (23) lay respectively at the outside of two clamped points (22); Clamped point (22) thickness is greater than the thickness of spring structure (21) and all-wing aircraft (23), clamped point (22) is spring structure (21) and all-wing aircraft (23) projection relatively, this bossing applies viscose glue described wide range fiber grating strain transducer is pasted on a mounting surface, make, between all-wing aircraft (23) and mounting surface, there is space; When mounting surface generation deformation, there is elastic deformation in the spring structure (21) of described strain transducer thereupon, avoids enclosed chip (2) plastic deformation occurs or breaks;
(2) have groove along long side direction to enclosed chip; fiber grating (1) in this groove through and fiber grating (1) and this groove have two to be adhesively fixed fixes a point, fiber grating (1) the part cover be positioned at outside described enclosed chip (2) has protective casing (3) to protect.
2. a kind of wide range fiber grating strain transducer according to claim, is characterized in that: described fiber grating (1) is Fiber Bragg Grating FBG, and described protective casing (3) is resin material, and external diameter is 0.9mm.
3. a kind of wide range fiber grating strain transducer according to claim, is characterized in that: two distance L between fixing a point that are adhesively fixed of fiber grating (1) and described groove
aand the distance L between two clamped points (22)
bbetween meet following relational expression: L
a/ L
b>=ε
b/ ε
a, ε
bfor the range of described fiber Bragg grating strain sensor, ε
afor the maximum strain value that described fiber grating (1) tolerates.
4. a kind of wide range fiber grating strain transducer according to claim, is characterized in that: described fiber grating (1) and described groove bonding use epoxy glue.
5. a kind of wide range fiber grating strain transducer according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: described fiber grating (1) comprises hot setting and normal temperature cure two kinds of modes with described groove by epoxy glue is bonding, described hot setting refers to and to be cured under higher than 80 DEG C of environment, and normal temperature cure refers to and to be cured in room temperature range.
6. a kind of wide range fiber grating strain transducer according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: when adopting hot setting mode, if when two pretightning forces between fixing a point that are adhesively fixed of described fiber grating (1) and described groove are 2N-2.5N, the operating temperature range of described fiber Bragg grating strain sensor is-40 DEG C to 120 DEG C; If when two pretightning forces between fixing a point that are adhesively fixed of described fiber grating (1) and described groove are 1.5N-2N, the operating temperature range of described fiber Bragg grating strain sensor is 0 DEG C to 120 DEG C;
When adopting normal temperature cure mode, if when two pretightning forces between fixing a point that are adhesively fixed of described fiber grating (1) and described groove are 1N-2N, the operating temperature range of described fiber Bragg grating strain sensor is-40 DEG C to 120 DEG C; If when two pretightning forces between fixing a point that are adhesively fixed of described fiber grating (1) and described groove are 0.5N-1N, the operating temperature range of described fiber Bragg grating strain sensor is 0 DEG C to 120 DEG C.
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|---|---|---|---|
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| CN201410505524.6A CN104279973B (en) | 2014-09-26 | 2014-09-26 | A kind of wide range fiber grating strain transducer |
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| CN104279973B CN104279973B (en) | 2017-06-06 |
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| CN106767690A (en) * | 2017-03-06 | 2017-05-31 | 沈阳建筑大学 | A kind of spring fiber grating dislocation meter |
| CN107907069A (en) * | 2017-12-27 | 2018-04-13 | 北京信息科技大学 | A kind of substrate formula temperature strain measurement FBG sensor and performance test methods |
| CN107907241A (en) * | 2017-12-27 | 2018-04-13 | 北京信息科技大学 | A kind of substrate formula FBG temperature sensitizing sensors and performance test methods |
| CN107990837A (en) * | 2017-12-14 | 2018-05-04 | 北京遥测技术研究所 | A kind of fiber Bragg grating strain sensor |
| CN108759681A (en) * | 2018-04-28 | 2018-11-06 | 中国神华能源股份有限公司 | Fiber-optic grating sensor |
| CN110057309A (en) * | 2019-05-21 | 2019-07-26 | 衢州学院 | A kind of fiber Bragg grating strain sensor and its installing/dismounting method suitable for various working |
| CN113340223A (en) * | 2021-06-02 | 2021-09-03 | 桂林理工大学 | Fiber grating strain sensor with adjustable measuring range and preparation and use methods thereof |
| CN115046489A (en) * | 2022-03-25 | 2022-09-13 | 武汉理工大学 | Device and method for controlling pre-tightening amount of optical fiber high-temperature strain sensor |
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| CN107907069A (en) * | 2017-12-27 | 2018-04-13 | 北京信息科技大学 | A kind of substrate formula temperature strain measurement FBG sensor and performance test methods |
| CN107907241A (en) * | 2017-12-27 | 2018-04-13 | 北京信息科技大学 | A kind of substrate formula FBG temperature sensitizing sensors and performance test methods |
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| CN110057309A (en) * | 2019-05-21 | 2019-07-26 | 衢州学院 | A kind of fiber Bragg grating strain sensor and its installing/dismounting method suitable for various working |
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| CN113340223B (en) * | 2021-06-02 | 2022-12-09 | 桂林理工大学 | Fiber grating strain sensor with adjustable measuring range and preparation and use methods thereof |
| CN115046489A (en) * | 2022-03-25 | 2022-09-13 | 武汉理工大学 | Device and method for controlling pre-tightening amount of optical fiber high-temperature strain sensor |
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