CN108956620A - The full surface defect detection apparatus of ball - Google Patents

The full surface defect detection apparatus of ball Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108956620A
CN108956620A CN201810678333.8A CN201810678333A CN108956620A CN 108956620 A CN108956620 A CN 108956620A CN 201810678333 A CN201810678333 A CN 201810678333A CN 108956620 A CN108956620 A CN 108956620A
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China
Prior art keywords
rolling element
ball
conveyer belt
transport mechanism
hole slot
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Pending
Application number
CN201810678333.8A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
张效栋
朱琳琳
闫宁
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Tianjin University
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Tianjin University
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Priority to CN201810678333.8A priority Critical patent/CN108956620A/en
Publication of CN108956620A publication Critical patent/CN108956620A/en
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/84Systems specially adapted for particular applications
    • G01N21/88Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination
    • G01N21/8851Scan or image signal processing specially adapted therefor, e.g. for scan signal adjustment, for detecting different kinds of defects, for compensating for structures, markings, edges
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/84Systems specially adapted for particular applications
    • G01N21/88Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination
    • G01N21/89Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination in moving material, e.g. running paper or textiles
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/84Systems specially adapted for particular applications
    • G01N21/88Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination
    • G01N21/95Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination characterised by the material or shape of the object to be examined
    • G01N21/951Balls
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/84Systems specially adapted for particular applications
    • G01N21/88Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination
    • G01N21/8851Scan or image signal processing specially adapted therefor, e.g. for scan signal adjustment, for detecting different kinds of defects, for compensating for structures, markings, edges
    • G01N2021/8887Scan or image signal processing specially adapted therefor, e.g. for scan signal adjustment, for detecting different kinds of defects, for compensating for structures, markings, edges based on image processing techniques
    • G01N2021/8893Scan or image signal processing specially adapted therefor, e.g. for scan signal adjustment, for detecting different kinds of defects, for compensating for structures, markings, edges based on image processing techniques providing a video image and a processed signal for helping visual decision

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Vision & Pattern Recognition (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Investigating Materials By The Use Of Optical Means Adapted For Particular Applications (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of full surface defect detection apparatus of ball, including camera, light source, transport mechanism and driving mechanism for driving transport mechanism mobile, camera under the cooperation of light source for shooting the image in rolling element rolling process, it is characterized in that, at least one the hole slot channel matched with the size and location of rolling element to be checked is offered along rolling element direction of advance to be checked on the transfer mechanism, and transport mechanism is placed on fixed bottom plate;The rolling element to be checked is ball, the driving mechanism is motorized roller, the transport mechanism is conveyer belt, the conveyer belt has certain slope, and offer multiple S type hole slot channels, the depth in hole slot channel is greater than the radius of ball and the diameter of width and ball matches, and motorized roller drives conveyer belt to move upwards from the lower section of the gradient.

Description

The full surface defect detection apparatus of ball
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of full surface defect automatic detection devices of rolling element.
Background technique
Rolling bearing is widely used in the fields such as machinery, electric power, petrochemical industry, metallurgy, aerospace and war industry.Rolling Kinetoplast is the core element in rolling bearing, due to its presence, just has rolling friction between relative motion surface.The kind of rolling element Class has ball, cylindrical roller, taper roller, needle roller etc..The quality of rolling element to the precision of rolling bearing, movenent performance, use the longevity Life etc. has vital influence, suffers from significant impact to the motion state of complete machine or even whole production line.And existing rolling The processing of kinetoplast will generally pass through tens procedures, some surface defects can often occur in process, this is seriously affected The quality and quality of bearing, it is necessary to be controlled.Therefore, before carrying out Automated assembly to rolling bearing, it is right first to need The surface defect of rolling element key component is detected, and to avoid due to surface defect caused by processing, ultimately causes mechanical device It is badly damaged.
The method that Production of bearing producer mostly uses greatly manual inspection at present carries out rolling element surface defects detection, this method Large labor intensity, working efficiency is low, and cost is big, and vulnerable to testing staff's technical quality, experience, naked eyes resolution capability and fatigue etc. The influence of factor.Some detection modes such as infra-red inspection instrument, are affected, detection efficiency is low by external environment or operator. Ultrasound examination has compared with strict requirements, the environment of plant distance of ultrasonic sensor to workpiece and the positioning of sensor Under be not easy to realize.For this purpose, there is an urgent need to develop rolling element surface defect automatic detection devices.
Summary of the invention
In view of the above-mentioned problems, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of fast and reliable full surface defect detection apparatus of ball, Realize that the on-line checking of ball reduces cost to improve production efficiency.Technical solution is as follows:
A kind of full surface defect detection apparatus of ball, including camera, light source, transport mechanism and for driving transport mechanism to move Dynamic driving mechanism, camera under the cooperation of light source for shooting the image in rolling element rolling process, which is characterized in that is passing It send and offers at least one hole matched with the size and location of rolling element to be checked along rolling element direction of advance to be checked in mechanism Slot channel, and transport mechanism is placed on fixed bottom plate;The rolling element to be checked is ball, and the driving mechanism is Motorized roller, the transport mechanism are conveyer belt, and the conveyer belt has certain slope, and offers multiple S type hole slots The depth in channel, hole slot channel is greater than the radius of ball and the diameter of width and ball matches, and motorized roller drives conveyer belt It is moved upwards from the lower section of the gradient.
The invention adopts the above technical scheme, which has the following advantages:
(1) present invention design transport mechanism is turned over using the frictional force realization between bottom plate below rolling element and transport mechanism Rolling transmission, can be obtained the full surface defect information of rolling element by timely collection picture, can be realized high speed reliably certainly Dynamicization detection.
(2) present invention uses non-contact detecting means, can canbe used on line detection, and defective products automatic sorting.
(3) apparatus of the present invention structure is simple, it can be achieved that low cost detection.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the full surface defect automatic detection device figure of rolling element that the present invention is previously mentioned.
Fig. 2 is the full surface defect automatic detection device side view of rolling element that the present invention is previously mentioned.
The hole slot array structure conveyer belt schematic diagram that is previously mentioned of embodiment that Fig. 3 is rolling element when being roller.
The thin portion of hole slot array structure conveyer belt in embodiment transmission that Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 is rolling element when being roller is shown It is intended to.
Fig. 6 is defect shooting effect schematic diagram.
Fig. 7 is image processing flow figure.
Fig. 8 and Fig. 9 is automatic removing device figure of the invention.
Figure 10 is the full surface defect automatic detection device figure for the embodiment that rolling element is ball.
Figure 11 is the full surface defect automatic detection device figure for the embodiment that rolling element is taper roller.
Figure label explanation: 1 camera;2 tested rolling elements;3 hole slot array structure conveyer belts;4 light sources;5 camera supports;6 Device for eliminating;7 device pedestals;8 roller storage boxes;9 motorized rollers;10 hole slots (hollow);11 conveyer belts;12 bottom plates;13 electromagnetism Striker;14 switchboards;15 reject slot;16 fixed rings;17 turntables;18 electrical turntables
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Embodiment 1: embodiment when rolling element is roller
As shown in Figure 1, full surface defect automatic detection device is mainly by camera outside bearing roller provided in this embodiment 1, hole slot array structure conveyer belt 3, light source 4, device for eliminating 6 and motorized roller 9 form.Detect detailed process are as follows: firstly, the inspection It surveys device and accepts the roller manufacturing side, being detected rolling element 2 is bearing roller.Hole slot array structure conveyer belt 3 is transported to by batcher On, motorized roller 9 drives hole slot array structure conveyer belt, using the frictional force between 11 lower section bottom plate 12 of roller and conveyer belt, So that roller continuous overturning in hole slot 10 is collected by the way that below camera, the full surface image of roller passes through by camera, then by Computer real-time processing picture, obtains full surface related defects information outside roller, and subsequent control device for eliminating weed out it is scarce Part is fallen into, realizes the full rapid automatized detection of surface defect outside bearing roller.
Rolling element roll principle it is as shown in Figures 4 and 5, since rolling element is located inside hole slot 10, when device conveyer belt to the right When mobile, 10 side wall of hole slot drives rolling element mobile, since device fixed part is motionless, rolling element relatively fixed part hair Raw to roll, during scrolling, rolling element surface is successively presented in viewing field of camera.During this period, high speed camera Quick Acquisition Or general camera is constantly taken pictures under the cooperation of stroboscopic light source, gets rolling element three-dimensional surface all information, Fig. 6 be defect at As signal, the defect for being located at roller center during scrolling is 1. represented, 2. represents lacking positioned at roller edge in rolling process It falls into, the part processing 3. represented on roller scratches, and the circumference processing 4. represented on roller scratches.Finally, by subsequent image Reason and subsequent control device for eliminating weed out defect part, realize the full rapid automatized detection of surface defect outside bearing roller.
Computer Image Processing process such as Fig. 7 shows: image is carried out binary conversion treatment first by the first step, due to defect brightness It is often lower, therefore after binary conversion treatment, rolling element corresponds to white in the picture, and defect part corresponds in the picture Black.Second step carries out connection domain operation, and the position where white area, i.e. rolling body position are obtained by connection domain operation. Third step carries out the identification of defect part by connection domain operation and convex defects detection.When defect is located inside rolling element, due to such Defect can form an enclosed region, therefore can detect inside workpiece by connection domain operation and whether there is the small area enclosed region It is detected.When defect is located at rolling element edge, being mainly shown as influences rolling element chamfered shape, can be calculated by convex defects detection Method identifies the defect.
As shown in Figure 8 and Figure 9, rolling element automatic removing device provided by the invention is mainly by electromagnetism striker 13 and switchboard 14 compositions.To reject unqualified rolling element, the present invention in bottom plate 12 far from the rejecting slot 15 for being provided with equal port number at feeding end, Device for eliminating 6 is connected through a screw thread by fixed ring 16 and is fixed on baseplate underside, electromagnetism striker 13 is fixedly connected in device for eliminating Switchboard 14, the upper end rectangular dimension of L shape switchboard are slightly less than rejecting slot, and the upper transverse plane of switchboard and base plate plane weight It closes, places it in other freedom degrees rejected outside slot and restraint belt transmission direction.
Reject detailed process are as follows: firstly, defect detecting device detects rolling element containing defect, and obtain its pixel coordinate. Then, its actual coordinate is calculated by rolling element pixel coordinate in computer, and obtains defect rolling element simultaneously and reject to fill The distance between switchboard is set, at the time of can be calculated rolling element arrival switchboard in conjunction with conveyor belt speed.It is rolled finally, waiting Body reaches at switch Board position with conveyer belt, and host computer sends instruction control electromagnetism striker and pops up pull switch plate, to control Switchboard is opened, and makes defect part since gravity is fallen on the left of switchboard, is realized and is quickly rejected.Reject defect rolling element Afterwards, switchboard moment under itself spring tension returns to initial closed state, and subsequent qualified rolling element passes through switch on conveyer belt Plate on the right side of it since gravity is freely fallen, thus realize defect rolling element qualification rolling element sort.
Embodiment 2: embodiment when rolling element is ball
As shown in Figure 10, the full surface defect automatic detection device of bearing ball provided in this embodiment is mainly by camera 1, hole Slot array structure conveyer belt 3, light source 4 and motorized roller 9 form.To improve detection efficiency, conveyer belt opens four S type groove channels. Active rolling diameter is greater than driven rolling, and conveyer belt is made to have certain slope.Detect detailed process are as follows: firstly, the detection device The ball manufacturing side is accepted, being detected rolling element 2 is bearing ball.Batcher control ball is transported to hole slot array structure per next On conveyer belt 3, motorized roller 9 drives the reversion of hole slot array structure conveyer belt.Ball is freely tumbled in hole slot using gravity, rolling Frictional force below cylinder reversion cooperation ball and conveyer belt between bottom plate, so that ball continuous overturning in hole slot 10 passes through camera Lower section, the full surface image of ball, equally by Computer real-time processing picture, obtain full outside ball by being collected by camera Surface related defects information, (defect of ball with the defect of roller be it is similar, when the defects of image is located in rolling element Portion, such defect also form an enclosed region, when the defects of image is located at rolling element edge, are mainly shown as influence rolling element Chamfered shape can identify defect by convex defects detection algorithm).Subsequent control device for eliminating weeds out defect part, realizes bearing The rapid automatized detection of the full surface defect of ball.
Computer Image Processing process is substantially the same manner as Example 1.Device for eliminating structure is similar, but is different from picking for roller It removes, under the action of postive stop baffle, ball is tumbled from slope to fixed position, and host computer record the how many is the rolling of defect Pearl rejects defect ball when device for eliminating being told equally to count down to the number.
Embodiment 3: embodiment when rolling element is taper roller
As shown in figure 11, bearing conical roller outer round surface automatic defect detecting device provided in this embodiment is mainly by phase Machine 1, electrical turntable 17, trapezoidal hole slot array structure turntable 16, light source 4 and pedestal 12 form.Based on taper roller itself geometry Design feature designs taper empty slot annular rotary table, guarantees taper roller uniform rotation by way of rotation.Detect detailed process Are as follows: firstly, the detection device accepts the taper roller manufacturing side, being detected rolling element 2 is bearing conical roller.Batcher rolls circular cone Son is transported on trapezoidal hole slot array structure turntable 16, and electrical turntable 17 drives trapezoidal hole slot array structure turntable 16 to rotate, benefit With the frictional force between bottom plate below taper roller and turntable, so that taper roller continuous overturning in hole slot passes through under camera Side, taper roller outer round surface image, by Computer real-time processing picture, obtain taper roller after being collected by camera Outer full surface related defects information, and subsequent control device for eliminating weeds out defect part, realizes full outside bearing conical roller The rapid automatized detection of surface defect.
Computer Image Processing process is same as Example 1, and device for eliminating and rejecting process are similar to Example 1.Herein It repeats no more.
Other types rolling element can be customized transmission conveyer structure by modification and be carried out its full surface defect by this example Automatic detection.

Claims (1)

1. a kind of full surface defect detection apparatus of ball, including camera, light source, transport mechanism and for driving transport mechanism mobile Driving mechanism, camera under the cooperation of light source shoot rolling element rolling process in image, which is characterized in that transmitting At least one hole slot matched with the size and location of rolling element to be checked is offered in mechanism along rolling element direction of advance to be checked Channel, and transport mechanism is placed on fixed bottom plate;The rolling element to be checked is ball, and the driving mechanism is electricity Dynamic roller, the transport mechanism are conveyer belt, and the conveyer belt has certain slope, and it is logical to offer multiple S type hole slots The depth in road, hole slot channel is greater than the radius of ball and the diameter of width and ball matches, and motorized roller drives conveyer belt certainly The lower section of the gradient moves upwards.
CN201810678333.8A 2018-06-27 2018-06-27 The full surface defect detection apparatus of ball Pending CN108956620A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201810678333.8A CN108956620A (en) 2018-06-27 2018-06-27 The full surface defect detection apparatus of ball

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201810678333.8A CN108956620A (en) 2018-06-27 2018-06-27 The full surface defect detection apparatus of ball

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Citations (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101430290A (en) * 2008-12-10 2009-05-13 南京尊莱科技有限公司 Steel ball surface defect detection apparatus
CN201434820Y (en) * 2009-06-16 2010-03-31 华南理工大学 Automatic small ball distributing device for ball surface defect detection
CN101701921A (en) * 2009-11-06 2010-05-05 河南科技大学 Spherical surface defect detection method based on machine vision
WO2013020277A1 (en) * 2011-08-10 2013-02-14 天津大学 Steel ball surface development method and device based on multiple image sensors
CN103234978A (en) * 2013-04-25 2013-08-07 洛阳久德轴承模具技术有限公司 Tapered roller surface defect detecting system
CN103286081A (en) * 2013-05-07 2013-09-11 浙江工业大学 Monocular multi-perspective machine vision-based online automatic sorting device for steel ball surface defect
CN203337564U (en) * 2013-07-19 2013-12-11 洛阳久德轴承模具技术有限公司 Image detection system for tapered rollers
CN103521465A (en) * 2013-10-29 2014-01-22 中国科学院半导体研究所 Automatic detection and sorting system and method for solid grain
CN203422325U (en) * 2013-07-19 2014-02-05 洛阳久德轴承模具技术有限公司 Image detection device capable of rapidly detecting surface defects of tapered roller
CN103990603A (en) * 2014-06-05 2014-08-20 苏州大学 Sphere surface quality detection method and device
CN104043596A (en) * 2014-06-11 2014-09-17 洛阳方智测控股份有限公司 Detection sorting device for steel balls
CN204177749U (en) * 2014-11-03 2015-02-25 周久胜 Steel ball surface defect detection apparatus
CN104567677A (en) * 2015-01-05 2015-04-29 江苏大学 Multi-index high-speed dynamic detection and material dividing method and device of annular sliding bearing
CN104897690A (en) * 2015-05-22 2015-09-09 芜湖林一电子科技有限公司 All-dimensional visual detection device for bearing roller appearance
CN104964983A (en) * 2015-05-22 2015-10-07 芜湖林一电子科技有限公司 Rapid visual detection apparatus of roller
CN108020558A (en) * 2017-12-26 2018-05-11 华测检测认证集团股份有限公司 Steel Ball Surface Defect Detecting Instrument

Patent Citations (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101430290A (en) * 2008-12-10 2009-05-13 南京尊莱科技有限公司 Steel ball surface defect detection apparatus
CN201434820Y (en) * 2009-06-16 2010-03-31 华南理工大学 Automatic small ball distributing device for ball surface defect detection
CN101701921A (en) * 2009-11-06 2010-05-05 河南科技大学 Spherical surface defect detection method based on machine vision
WO2013020277A1 (en) * 2011-08-10 2013-02-14 天津大学 Steel ball surface development method and device based on multiple image sensors
CN103234978A (en) * 2013-04-25 2013-08-07 洛阳久德轴承模具技术有限公司 Tapered roller surface defect detecting system
CN103286081A (en) * 2013-05-07 2013-09-11 浙江工业大学 Monocular multi-perspective machine vision-based online automatic sorting device for steel ball surface defect
CN203422325U (en) * 2013-07-19 2014-02-05 洛阳久德轴承模具技术有限公司 Image detection device capable of rapidly detecting surface defects of tapered roller
CN203337564U (en) * 2013-07-19 2013-12-11 洛阳久德轴承模具技术有限公司 Image detection system for tapered rollers
CN103521465A (en) * 2013-10-29 2014-01-22 中国科学院半导体研究所 Automatic detection and sorting system and method for solid grain
CN103990603A (en) * 2014-06-05 2014-08-20 苏州大学 Sphere surface quality detection method and device
CN104043596A (en) * 2014-06-11 2014-09-17 洛阳方智测控股份有限公司 Detection sorting device for steel balls
CN204177749U (en) * 2014-11-03 2015-02-25 周久胜 Steel ball surface defect detection apparatus
CN104567677A (en) * 2015-01-05 2015-04-29 江苏大学 Multi-index high-speed dynamic detection and material dividing method and device of annular sliding bearing
CN104897690A (en) * 2015-05-22 2015-09-09 芜湖林一电子科技有限公司 All-dimensional visual detection device for bearing roller appearance
CN104964983A (en) * 2015-05-22 2015-10-07 芜湖林一电子科技有限公司 Rapid visual detection apparatus of roller
CN108020558A (en) * 2017-12-26 2018-05-11 华测检测认证集团股份有限公司 Steel Ball Surface Defect Detecting Instrument

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