CN108956376A - A kind of food rheological behavior detection system - Google Patents
A kind of food rheological behavior detection system Download PDFInfo
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- CN108956376A CN108956376A CN201810429325.XA CN201810429325A CN108956376A CN 108956376 A CN108956376 A CN 108956376A CN 201810429325 A CN201810429325 A CN 201810429325A CN 108956376 A CN108956376 A CN 108956376A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N11/00—Investigating flow properties of materials, e.g. viscosity, plasticity; Analysing materials by determining flow properties
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N11/00—Investigating flow properties of materials, e.g. viscosity, plasticity; Analysing materials by determining flow properties
- G01N2011/006—Determining flow properties indirectly by measuring other parameters of the system
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Abstract
The invention belongs to technical field of food detection, and in particular to a kind of food rheological behavior detection system.The detection system includes body, lifting experimental bench system, strength generation system, deformation detecting system, stress sensing system, control and information processing system.Detect the process of food rheological behavior are as follows: food samples to be measured are placed in pallet, the air compressed by air compressor, successively through pressure regulator valve, two-stage air filtration, after being adjusted to specified pressure by electric Proportion valve again, air enters solenoid valve, and air eventually enters into gas chamber, is sprayed by nozzle, the air effect of ejection generates compressive deformation in food samples surface to be measured.Laser displacement sensor acquires food samples deformation information to be measured, and electromagnetic force balance sensor acquires the pressure information on food samples surface to be measured, and above- mentioned information feed back to embedded microprocessor and handled, and finally obtain the rheological behavior information of food samples to be measured.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of food detection, and in particular to a kind of food rheological behavior detection system.
Background technique
Not only there is stickiness but also flexible property for food, be referred to as with viscoelasticity.And study food viscoelasticity
Effective ways, as study its rheological behavior.Relate generally in the present invention the transient response characteristic of food, creep properties and
Stress relaxation characteristics three parts.
The rheological behavior of food can effecting reaction food processing characteristic and the change procedure with quality in storage, because
This, the rheological behavior for studying food has great importance.
In current rheological behavior detecting method, the most commonly used is instrumental method, the key instrument used includes Texture instrument, stream
Become instrument and dynamic thermo-mechanical analsis instrument.Above-mentioned instrument possesses higher measuring accuracy, but there is also problems, in some tests
Aspect is inflexible.For example, first, the detection of transient response characteristic is carried out to measured object, needs obtaining stable detection result
On the basis of, high detection efficiency is kept, this is that above-mentioned instrument is not achieved.Second, above-mentioned instrument mostly uses contact pressure
Head is easy to pollute between different test samples；Meanwhile if carrying out dismounting cleaning every time, so that test effect
Rate also reduces.The price of third, above-mentioned instrument is relatively expensive, towards object be mostly laboratory and large enterprise, be not easy to popularize.
Strength (air pressure) technology has obtained extensive research as a kind of viscoelasticity detection means in recent years, is such as curing
The detection of eyeball tension in treatment field, varication detection etc., Meat, coefficient power in quality of agricultural product detection field and tender
Pilot study is also carried out in degree detection.But from the point of view of the comprehensive research achievement announced, the strength of food rheological behavior is examined
Survey is rarely reported.According to the analysis and Literature Consult to prior art problem, following problems are primarily present, are control system first
Control precision there are problems, that is, cannot achieve and strength be precisely controlled, the high-precision of power is wanted to meet rheological behavior
It asks.Secondly, gas is after nozzle ejection, significant change occurs for strength, and the strength value of different distance is not easy really at jet hole
It is fixed.Third, when being regulated and controled by electric Proportion valve to air pressure, gas outlet diameter should be much smaller than air inlet diameter, to guarantee electricity
Gas proportioning valve works normally in the environment of approximation closes source, simultaneously, it is ensured that sample deformation can effectively be adopted by laser sensor
Collection needs to guarantee gas circuit and light path coaxial, and the working principle of laser sensor is triangle circuit, is had to the bore of puff prot
Therefore biggish size requirement when this works with electric Proportion valve, needs nozzle diameter requirement as small as possible to produce lance
Shield.Meanwhile guaranteeing that proof stress is constant when straining the constant creep compared with guarantee, much more difficult when detecting stress relaxation.Due to
The presence of the above problem, cause include transient response characteristic, creep properties and stress relaxation characteristics rheological behavior detection be not easy
It realizes.
The present invention is mainly directed towards the food with viscoelasticity, especially for meat products, jam, liquid chocolate and part rice
Flour product etc. mainly uses strength-laser technology means of testing, while using the embedded micro process of Cortex A8 framework
Device detects the rheological behavior of food, specifically includes transient response characteristic, creep properties and the stress relaxation characteristics of food
Detection.
Summary of the invention
In order to efficiently control strength and laser, realizes the detection of food rheological behavior, specifically include the transient response of food
Characteristics Detection, creep properties detection and stress relaxation characteristics detect three aspects, and the present invention uses following technical scheme.
A kind of food rheological behavior detection system, including body, lifting experimental bench system, strength generation system, deformation inspection
Examining system, stress sensing system, control and information processing system,
The lifting experimental bench system, deformation detecting system, stress sensing system, control and information processing system are installed on
On body；
The lifting experimental bench system includes lifting platform driving motor 2, lifting platform 9, moves horizontally sliding rail 10 and lifting platform
Motor driver 16；
The lifting platform motor driver 16 is connect with lifting platform driving motor 2, for driving lifting platform driving motor 2；
The lifting platform driving motor 2 is connect with lifting platform 9, for controlling the lifting of lifting platform 9；The sliding rail 10 that moves horizontally is located at
The top of lifting platform 9 is connect with lifting platform 9, for moving horizontally, and as lifting platform 9 is gone up and down；
The strength generation system includes air compressor, pressure regulator valve 5, two-stage air filtration 7, solenoid valve 23, electrical ratio
Example valve 24 and gas chamber 13；
The pressure regulator valve 5, two-stage air filtration 7, solenoid valve 23, electric Proportion valve 24 and gas chamber 13 are installed on the upper of body
Portion；
The air compressor is connect with pressure regulator valve 5, and the pressure regulator valve 5 is connect with two-stage air filtration 7, and the two-stage is empty
Gas filtering 7 is connect with electric Proportion valve 24, and the electric Proportion valve 24 is connect with solenoid valve 23, the solenoid valve 23 and gas chamber 13
Connection；
The pressure regulator valve 5 includes pressure regulation valve body and pressure gauge 6；The gas chamber 13 successively includes window 14, gas from top to bottom
Room main body and nozzle 12, the window 14 are located at the surface of the nozzle 12, and the material of the window 14 and nozzle 12 is stone
Diamond stone；
The deformation detecting system includes laser displacement sensor 18, laser signal amplifier 21 and laser signal modulus of conversion
Block 22；
The laser displacement sensor 18 is located at the surface of gas chamber 13, and connect with laser signal amplifier 21, laser
Signal amplifier 21 is connect with laser signal conversion module 22, and the laser displacement sensor 18 for acquiring food to be measured in real time
The deformation information of sample 4, the input path of the laser displacement sensor 18 and the nozzle 12 for spraying air-flow are coaxial；
The stress sensing system includes electromagnetic force balance sensor 11；
The electromagnetic force balance sensor 11 is installed on the top for moving horizontally sliding rail 10, senses in the electromagnetic force equilibrium
Device 11 is equipped with pallet, and for placing food samples 4 to be measured, the food samples 4 to be measured are located under nozzle 12 pallet
Side is acted on by the planar support of pallet, and the acquisition in real time in such a way that plane senses of electromagnetic force balance sensor 11 sprays air-flow
To the pressure information on 4 surface of food samples to be measured, the acquisition in real time in a manner of plane sensing sprays air-flow to food to be measured
The pressure information on 4 surface of sample refers to that air-flow is sprayed from nozzle 12, acts on the surface of food samples 4 to be measured, food sample to be measured
After the surface of product 4 is by the pressure of air-flow, the pressure that 4 whole surface of food samples to be measured is subject to is transmitted on pallet, is located at support
The pressure information that pallet face is subject to by the electromagnetic force balance sensor 11 below disk carries out whole acquisitions, and the electromagnetic force equilibrium passes
The measurement accuracy of sensor 11 is not less than 0.01N；
The control and information processing system include embedded microprocessor, embedded all-in-one machine 15 and A/D conversion module；
The embedded microprocessor is connect with laser signal conversion module 22 by serial communication；The embedded microprocessor and liter
It drops platform motor driver 16 to connect, and passes sequentially through lifting platform motor driver 16 and the control lifting platform 9 of lifting platform driving motor 2
Lifting；The embedded microprocessor is connect with solenoid valve 23, for controlling the on-off of solenoid valve 23；It is described to be embedded in the place that declines
Reason device is connect with electromagnetic force balance sensor 11, the pressure information acquired in real time for receiving electromagnetic force balance sensor 11；Institute
It states embedded microprocessor to connect with A/D conversion module, and voltage control is carried out to electric Proportion valve 24 by A/D conversion module
System, and then the air flux of electric Proportion valve 24 is controlled, final obtain carries out food rheology spy to food samples 4 to be measured
Property detection needed for strength；The embedded all-in-one machine 15 is connect with embedded microprocessor, is equipped with order and is executed key sum number
According to graphics display area；The embedded microprocessor obtains food to be measured for storing and processing to received information
The rheological behavior parameter of sample 4；And processing information is shown in datagraphic display area, and receive the control that order executes key
Command information processed controls solenoid valve 23, electric Proportion valve 24 and lifting platform motor driver 16.
Based on the above technical solution, the material of the window 14 and nozzle 12 is the stone that light transmittance is not less than 80%
Diamond stone；The nozzle 12 is followed successively by linkage section 25, converging portion 26 and rectification section 27 from top to bottom；The linkage section 25 and gas chamber master
Body is connected through a screw thread, and the length ratio of the converging portion 26 and rectification section 27 is not more than 1:1.3, the length of the rectification section 27
It is not less than 3:1 with the diameter ratio of 27 inside venthole of rectification section；The diameter of the 27 inside venthole of rectification section is not more than
3mm。
Based on the above technical solution, the operating pressure of the air compressor is not less than 0.5MPa；It is described electrical
Proportioning valve 24 is equipped with pressure gauge, for monitoring the air pressure value showed access into electric Proportion valve 24；The electrical ratio
The control voltage change range of valve 24 be 0-5V, when the voltage from 0V variation be 5V when, the air flux of electric Proportion valve 24
It is gradually increased, so that being gradually increased to 0.5MPa from zero from the air pressure that electric Proportion valve 24 flows out.
Based on the above technical solution, the embedded microprocessor is to be embedded in using the ARM of Cortex A8 framework
Microsever；The serial communication is transmitted using RS232 serial ports.
Based on the above technical solution, the measurement accuracy of the electromagnetic force balance sensor 11 is 0.0098N.
Based on the above technical solution, the lifting platform 9 is Aerial Work LT；The lifting platform driving motor 2
For stepper motor
Based on the above technical solution, the body includes top plate, side plate and bottom plate；The top plate and side plate pass through
L shape connector 20, screw interconnect, and the side plate and bottom plate are interconnected by L shape connector 20, screw；The body
The quadrangle of bottom is respectively equipped with lower margin 1；The solenoid valve 23, electric Proportion valve 24, laser displacement sensor 18, laser signal are put
Big device 21 and laser signal conversion module 22 are located at the lower section of the top plate, and fixed by pendant plate 19 and L shape connector 20
Connection；The L shape connector 20 is fixedly connected by screw with body；The outside of the lifting platform driving motor 2 is equipped with motor
Dustproof protecting cover 3.
Based on the above technical solution, the lower front part of the body is equipped with power switch 8, for starting food stream
Become Characteristics Detection system；Switching Power Supply 17 is installed on the side plate of the body, for 220v lighting voltage to be reduced to 24v,
For the power supply of food rheological behavior detection system.
Based on the above technical solution, the air compressor is connect with pressure regulator valve 5 by pipeline one；The pressure regulation
Valve 5 is connect with two-stage air filtration 7 by thread seal；The two-stage air filtration 7 passes through pipeline two with electric Proportion valve 24
Connection；The electric Proportion valve 24 is connect with solenoid valve 23 by pipeline three；The solenoid valve 23 passes sequentially through pipeline four, gas circuit
Connector is connect with gas chamber 13；The internal diameter of the pipeline one and pipeline two is greater than the internal diameter of pipeline three, pipeline four and gas path joint.
Based on the above technical solution, the air compressor and pressure regulator valve 5 pass through 12 × 8mm (outer diameter × internal diameter)
Piping connection；The pressure regulator valve 5 is connect with two-stage air filtration 7 by thread seal；The two-stage air filtration 7 with it is electrical
Proportioning valve 24 passes through the piping connection of 12 × 8mm (outer diameter × internal diameter)；The electric Proportion valve 24 and solenoid valve 23 by 10 ×
The piping connection of 6.5mm (outer diameter × internal diameter)；The solenoid valve 23 pass sequentially through 10 × 6.5mm (outer diameter × internal diameter) pipeline,
Internal diameter is that the gas path joint of 6.5mm is connect with gas chamber 13.
Based on the above technical solution, it includes reset button that the order, which executes key, in the detection process, works as chance
When to emergency, the reset button is pressed, lifting platform 9 automatically resets to initial position.
Using food rheological behavior detection system described herein detection food rheological behavior, detailed process is as follows:
Food samples 4 to be measured are placed on pallet, food rheological behavior detection system is started by power switch 8, is risen
Drop platform 9 is automatically adjusted to zero position by initial position, and zero position is the best test of this food rheological behavior detection system
Position；
Compression pressurization is carried out to air using air compressor；
Pressure regulation is carried out using the air of 5 pairs of pressure regulator valve compression pressurizations；
Two-stage air filtration is carried out to the air after pressure regulation, filters the impurity such as water, oil, the dust in air；
Air after two-stage air filtration 7 enters electric Proportion valve 24；
Embedded microprocessor carries out pressure output to electric Proportion valve 24 and adjusts control, and air is flowed from electric Proportion valve 24
Out, into solenoid valve 23；
By the control of embedded microprocessor, the switch of solenoid valve 23 is opened, air enters gas chamber 13；
Air into gas chamber 13 is sprayed by nozzle 12, acts on the surface of food samples 4 to be measured；
Laser displacement sensor 18 acquires the deformation information (deformation data) on 4 surface of food samples to be measured in real time；
The deformation information is transmitted to laser signal conversion module 22 by the amplification of laser signal amplifier 21, then passes through string
Mouth communication transfer to embedded microprocessor is fed back, is stored and processed, and strain information, m- strain curve when obtaining are obtained；
The acquisition in real time of the electromagnetic force balance sensor 11 sprays air to the pressure information on 4 surface of food samples to be measured,
And pressure information is passed to embedded microprocessor and fed back, store and process, it is converted into stress data；Embedded micro process
Device handles incoming data information (including deformation information and pressure information), and the rheology for obtaining food samples 4 to be measured is special
Property parameter；According to the size of food samples 4 to be measured, implement multiple spot detection by moving horizontally moving horizontally for sliding rail 10, insertion
Multiple spot detection data is averaging processing in microsever, guarantees that measured rheological behavior parameter is more accurate.
Lifting platform 9 automatically resets to initial position, and food samples 4 to be measured are removed from pallet.
During the gas chamber 13 is filled with air, nozzle 12 is vented outward simultaneously, and the pressure in gas chamber 13 is caused to increase
Adding process is dynamic process；So the pressure in gas chamber 13 reaches balance and stability, the regular hour is needed；Using electromagnetic force equilibrium
The air pressure that sensor 11 sprays nozzle 12 is measured, and determines that the pressure in gas chamber 13 reaches required for balance and stability
Time, the time are that referred to as system strength, which reaches, stablizes required time the time required to strength becomes setting value from 0.In rheology spy
Property detection process in, set strength action time is rheological behavior theory minute, and when the practical function of strength
Between include rheological behavior theory minute and system strength reach stablize the time required to two parts.When detection transient response characteristic
When, the embedded microprocessor makes strength reach setting for transient response Characteristics Detection requirement by control electric Proportion valve 24
Definite value, the setting value are determined according to the type of food samples 4 to be measured, for example, setting when food samples 4 to be measured are meat products
Value is that 0.06MPa can get good meat products rheological behavior under this strength setting value；To the pressure balance in gas chamber 13
After stabilization, the strength continuous action time is no more than 1s, realizes the rapid impact to 4 surface of food samples to be measured, then solenoid valve
23 and electric Proportion valve 24 close, into the discharge degree stage；It is opened at the load moment for acting on food samples 4 to be measured from strength
Begin to food samples 4 to be measured deformation during terminating, laser displacement sensor 18 acquires the deformation on tested 4 surface of food samples
Information, and deformation data is passed sequentially through into laser signal amplifier 21, laser signal A/D conversion module 22 and serial communication and is transmitted
It is stored and processed to embedded microprocessor, obtains the when m- strain data and elasticity modulus, bullet of transient response characteristic
The parameter of property recovery time.
When detecting creep properties, stress value needed for embedded microprocessor controls the strength to creep of electric Proportion valve 24
Corresponding strength value, 4 surface of food samples to be measured is by the constant strength from nozzle 12, in the effect of the constant strength
Under, creep behaviour occurs for food samples 4 to be measured；According to the pressure information that electromagnetic force balance sensor 11 detects, insertion is fed back to
Microsever, then by electric Proportion valve 24 being pressurized or depressurized regulation, realize in the detection process of creep properties,
The strength that the surface of food samples 4 to be measured is subject to is kept constant；After the pressure balance in gas chamber 13 is stablized, constant strength is kept
Certain time, then strength unloads, and after food samples 4 to be measured are no longer pressurized, restores deformation；Food to be measured is being acted on from strength
The load moment of sample 4 starts during detecting completion to creep properties, and laser displacement sensor 18 acquires food to be measured in real time
The deformation data of product sample 4 is transmitted to by laser signal amplifier 21, laser signal A/D conversion module 22 and serial communication
Embedded microprocessor is stored and processed, and the when m- strain data of creep properties is obtained, meanwhile, electromagnetic force equilibrium sensing
Pressure information real-time Transmission is fed back to embedded microprocessor by device 11, when embedded microprocessor passes through calculating acquisition creep again
Between, creep stress and creep compliance parameter.
When detecting creep properties, stress value needed for embedded microprocessor controls the strength to creep of electric Proportion valve 24
Corresponding air pressure value, 4 surface of food samples to be measured is by the constant strength from nozzle 12, in the work of the constant strength
Under, creep behaviour occurs for food samples 4 to be measured；After in gas chamber 13 pressure balance stablize after, embedded microprocessor according to
The deformation information for the food samples to be measured 4 that laser displacement sensor 18 acquires in real time calculates lifting platform motor driver 16 and drives
Umber of pulse needed for lifting platform 9, and it is sent to lifting platform motor driver 16, lifting platform 9 is controlled by lifting platform driving motor 2
Lifting, keep 4 surface of food samples to be measured and the gas outlet plan range of nozzle 12 constant, to make to act on food to be measured
The strength on 4 surface of sample is constant；Constant strength is kept for certain time, meanwhile, during keeping constant strength, insertion declines
The umber of pulse for being sent to lifting platform motor driver 16 calculating is converted into strain information by processor；Then strength unloads, to be measured
4 compressive deformation amount of food samples is restored, to creep spy the load moment for acting on food samples 4 to be measured since strength
Property detection complete during, laser displacement sensor 18 acquires the deformation data of food samples 4 to be measured in real time, is believed by laser
Number amplifier 21, laser signal A/D conversion module 22 and serial communication are transmitted to embedded microprocessor and are stored and processed,
Obtain the when m- strain data of creep properties；Meanwhile electromagnetic force balance sensor 11 pressure information real-time Transmission is fed back to it is embedding
Enter microsever；Embedded microprocessor passes through calculation processing again, obtains creep time, creep stress and creep compliance ginseng
Number.
When detecting stress relaxation characteristics, dependent variable needed for embedded microprocessor is detected according to stress relaxation characteristics and institute
Strength supplementary model is stored, electric Proportion valve 24 is controlled, strength corresponding with required dependent variable is realized, to food samples 4 to be measured
It is compressed；During straining holding, relaxation behavior occurs for food samples 4 to be measured, i.e. internal stress changes, laser position
The strained situation of 18 real-time detection of displacement sensor food samples 4 to be measured, when strain has minor alteration amount, laser displacement sensor
Knots modification is fed back to embedded microprocessor by 18, and embedded microprocessor controls electric Proportion valve 24 according to strength supplementary model
Strength is adjusted, realizes that the strain of food samples 4 to be measured is kept constant, until stress relaxation characteristics detection is completed；Make from strength
The load moment for food samples 4 to be measured starts during detecting completion to stress relaxation characteristics, electromagnetic force equilibrium sensing
Pressure information transmission is fed back to embedded microprocessor by device 11；Embedded microprocessor records strength monitor value (pressure letter
Breath), calculate pneumatic control amount, regulating time and Rule adjusting, and by processing, when acquisition m- stress data and slack time,
The parameter of relaxation modulus.
The strength supplementary model is as follows:
Assuming that L is the offset variable apart from 12 outlet surface of nozzle, strength variable when F is at L, strength supplements mould
Type are as follows: the strength on 4 surface of food samples to be measured is controlled in a certain steady state value in electric Proportion valve 24, F with L numerical value change
The relationship changed and changed；The strength supplementary model is bi-exponential attenuation model, as shown in formula (1)
Wherein, k1、k2、k3And k4For coefficient, k5For constant, k1、k2、k3、k4And k5Specific value determine according to measuring
F and L specific data be fitted obtain.
Advantageous effects of the invention are as follows:
The present invention is using open, cantilevered apparatus structure, and structure is beautiful, operation is convenient.By using high-transmittance (>=
80%), internal diameter is the quartzy tiny nozzle 12 of 3mm, and key structure occurs as strength, had both met the steam caliber of nozzle 12
Much smaller than the air inlet internal diameter (8mm) of electric Proportion valve 24, make electric Proportion valve 24 in the environment that approximation closes source, it can be to gas
The requirement effectively adjusted is pressed, and the triangle light echo for meeting the laser displacement sensor 18 under tiny nozzle 12 is not hindered
The requirement of gear.The application is different according to the type of food samples 4 to be measured, and building meets the strength supplementary model of different demands, has
When effect solves detection stress relaxation characteristics, how to guarantee to strain the problem of constant.The application uses Cortex A8 framework
ARM embedded microprocessor is to solenoid valve 23, electric Proportion valve 24, lifting platform 9, electromagnetic force balance sensor 11 and laser position
Displacement sensor 18 carries out effective, steadily information collection or control, realizes and carries out rheological behavior detection to food samples 4 to be measured,
Detection including transient response characteristic, creep properties and stress relaxation characteristics.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention has following attached drawing:
Fig. 1 is food rheological behavior detection system left side structure schematic diagram of the present invention
Fig. 2 is food rheological behavior detection system right side structure schematic diagram of the present invention
Fig. 3 is 12 structural schematic diagram of nozzle of the present invention
Fig. 4 is the A-A the schematic diagram of the section structure of nozzle 12 in Fig. 3
Fig. 5 be 24 control pressure of electric Proportion valve be 0.06MPa under strength supplementary model
Appended drawing reference: 1 lower margin, 2 lifting platform driving motors, 3 motor dustproof protecting covers, 4 food samples to be measured, 5 pressure regulator valves,
6 pressure gauges, 7 two-stage air filtrations, 8 power switches, 9 lifting platforms, 10 move horizontally sliding rail, 11 electromagnetic force balance sensors, and 12
Nozzle, 13 gas chambers, 14 windows, 15 embedded all-in-one machines, 16 lifting platform motor drivers, 17 Switching Power Supplies, 18 laser displacements pass
Sensor, 19 pendant plates, 21 laser signal amplifier of 20L shape connector, 22 laser signal conversion modules, 23 solenoid valves, 24 is electrical
Proportioning valve, 25 linkage sections, 26 converging portions, 27 rectification sections
Specific embodiment
Embodiments of the present invention are described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.Following embodiment is only used
In illustrating the present invention, but cannot be used to limit the scope of the invention.
As shown in Figs 1-4, press power switch 8, start food rheological behavior detection system, air compressor to air into
Row compression pressurization, by the pipeline of 12 × 8mm (outer diameter × internal diameter), controls high pressure gas using pressure regulator valve 5, according to
Air pressure is adjusted to required nominal pressure by detection demand, and the air after pressure regulation enters two-stage air filtration 7, is carried out to air
Filter, filters the impurity such as water, oil, the dust in air, obtains clean gas.It is declined place by the insertion of Cortex A8 framework
It manages device air pressure output is carried out to electric Proportion valve 24 by A/D conversion module and adjust control, control as a certain specified pressure,
Air flows through the pipeline of 10 × 6.5mm (outer diameter × internal diameter), into solenoid valve 23；Embedded microprocessor carries out solenoid valve 23
Switch control, opens solenoid valve 23, and air is flowed out by solenoid valve 23.The specified pressure air of output passes sequentially through 10 ×
The pipeline of 6.5mm (outer diameter × internal diameter), the gas path joint that internal diameter is 6.5mm enter gas chamber 13, finally, air is penetrated by nozzle 12
Out.Since the air intake bore of nozzle 12 is much larger than gas outlet bore (27 inside venthole of rectification section), and electric Proportion valve 24
Controllable maximum gas pressure is 0.5MPa, and therefore, gas chamber 13 is inflated rapidly, reaches air balance stable state.It is sprayed by nozzle 12
Air effect out makes 4 surface of food samples to be measured that compressive deformation occur in 4 surface of food samples to be measured.At this point, laser displacement
Sensor 18 acquires the deformation information on 4 surface of food samples to be measured, then successively by the amplification of laser signal amplifier 21 and laser
Signal conversion module 22 is passed to embedded microprocessor.At the same time, the electromagnetic force equilibrium under food samples 4 to be measured passes
Sensor 11, acquires pressure information in real time, is transmitted to embedded microprocessor.Embedded microprocessor senses above-mentioned laser displacement
The pressure information that device 18 and electromagnetic force balance sensor 11 transmit is handled, is calculated, is stored, is fed back, and elasticity modulus, bullet are obtained
The transient responses characterisitic parameters such as property turnaround time, the creep properties parameter such as creep time, creep stress, creep compliance, Yi Jisong
It relaxes time, relaxation modulus iso-stress relaxation property parameter.
It is equipped between electromagnetic force balance sensor 11 and lifting platform 9 and moves horizontally sliding rail 10, it can be according to food sample to be measured
The size of product 4 implements multiple spot detection by sliding, and detection data is averaging processing in embedded microprocessor, ties detection
Fruit is more reliable and more stable.
The characteristics of laser displacement sensor 18 used according to this detection system, the lower limit apart from laser displacement sensor 18
Distance is 75mm, and effectively measuring deformation range is 0-55mm.Therefore, food rheological behavior detection system booting, install additional it is to be measured
After food samples 4, lifting platform 9 start automatic lifting so that 4 surface distance laser displacement sensor 18 of food samples to be measured away from
From " zero " process for 75mm, that is, after being switched on.
Detection for transient response characteristic, at this point, embedded microprocessor by control electric Proportion valve 24, keeps it logical
Amount reaches setting value, realizes that the rapid inflation of gas chamber 13, the exhaust with nozzle 12 reach dynamic equilibrium and stablize.At this point, electrical ratio
Example valve 24 persistently opens 1s, is then shut off, and realizes the rapid impact to 4 surface of food samples to be measured, laser displacement sensor 18
The deformation information generated after 4 stress of food samples to be measured is acquired, deformation information successively passes through laser signal amplifier 21, laser again
Signal A/D conversion module 22 and serial communication enter embedded microprocessor and are calculated, handled, and extract elasticity modulus,
The transient responses such as elastic recovery time characterisitic parameter completes transient response Characteristics Detection.
For the first implementation of creep properties detection, embedded microprocessor controls electric Proportion valve 24, makes it
Flux reaches a certain particular value.Air passes sequentially through gas chamber 13 and nozzle 12 sprays, and so that 4 surface of food samples to be measured is pressurized and generates
Deformation, as deformation is gradually reduced, strength is also constantly changing.At this point, detected according to electromagnetic force balance sensor 11
Pressure information feeds back to embedded microprocessor, is adjusted by ventilatory capacity of the embedded microprocessor to electric Proportion valve 24
Section increases and decreases the gas outlet pressure of nozzle 12, finally keeps constant 4 surface pressure of food samples to be measured.Due to the present invention
There is the nozzle developed convergence/rectification Length Ratio of optimization and rectification segment length/gas outlet bore (to go out inside rectification section 27
The diameter of stomata) ratio, so that air-flow maintains good cylindricity after the injection of nozzle 12 in 50mm.To gas chamber 13
After interior pressure balance is stablized, constant strength is kept for certain time, and then strength unloads, after food samples 4 to be measured are no longer pressurized,
Restore deformation.During detecting completion to creep properties the load moment for acting on food samples 4 to be measured since strength,
Laser displacement sensor 18 acquires the deformation data of food samples 4 to be measured in real time, passes through laser signal amplifier 21, laser signal
A/D conversion module 22 and serial communication are transmitted to embedded microprocessor and are stored and processed, obtain creep properties when it is m-
Strain data, meanwhile, pressure information real-time Transmission is fed back to embedded microprocessor by electromagnetic force balance sensor 11, embedded
Microprocessor passes through calculating again.Finally, m- stress data when acquisition, and extract creep time, creep stress, creep compliance etc.
Creep properties parameter completes the detection of food creep properties.
The implementation of second of creep properties detection is that electric Proportion valve 24 is opened, embedded microprocessor control electricity
Self-spray is carried out on the corresponding air pressure value of stress value needed for the strength to creep of gas proportioning valve 24,4 surface of food samples to be measured
The constant strength of mouth 12, under the action of the constant strength, creep behaviour, embedded microprocessor occur for food samples 4 to be measured
According to the deformation information for the food samples to be measured 4 that laser displacement sensor 18 acquires in real time, lifting platform motor driver 16 is calculated
Umber of pulse needed for driving lifting platform 9, and it is sent to lifting platform motor driver 16, it is controlled and is risen by lifting platform driving motor 2
The lifting of platform 9 is dropped, and lifting platform 9 drives food samples 4 to be measured to go up and down, keeps the outlet on food samples 4 surface and nozzle 12 to be measured
Mouth plan range is constant, to keep the strength for acting on 4 surface of food samples to be measured constant；Constant pressure is kept for certain time,
Meanwhile during keeping constant strength, embedded microprocessor will be sent to the umber of pulse of lifting platform motor driver 16
Calculating is converted into strain information, each pulse pair answers certain adjustable height, is obtained by the record of microprocessor number of pulses
The lifting rule in creep detection process is obtained, the lifting rule is regular by calculating available sample strain variation；Then strength
Unloading, hereafter 4 compressive deformation amount of food samples to be measured is restored, and acts on the load moment of food samples 4 to be measured in strength
Start during detecting completion to creep properties, laser displacement sensor 18 acquires the deformation letter of food samples 4 to be measured in real time
Breath, by laser signal amplifier 21, laser signal A/D conversion module 22 and serial communication be transmitted to embedded microprocessor into
Row storage and processing, m- strain data when obtaining, meanwhile, electromagnetic force balance sensor 11, which in real time transmits pressure information, to be fed back
To embedded microprocessor；Embedded microprocessor obtains creep time, creep stress and creep compliance by calculation processing again
Etc. creep parameters, complete food creep properties detection.
When detecting stress relaxation characteristics, the air that food samples 4 to be measured are sprayed by nozzle 12 compresses, and is passed by laser displacement
Sensor 18 detects the deformation information of food samples 4 to be measured, and is handled by embedded microprocessor, strain information is obtained, when to be measured
When food samples 4 reach setting strain, embedded microprocessor is effectively calculated by strength supplementary model, when food sample to be measured
When stress relaxation occurs for product 4, to guarantee setting strain, 4 surface distance nozzle of food samples to be measured, 12 gas outlet of required adjustment
The change in displacement value on surface.
When strength control of the electric Proportion valve 24 to 4 surface of food samples to be measured is 0.06MPa, the strength supplement of building
Shown in model such as formula (2), figure is as shown in Figure 5.
F=-0.17e(-L/2.8)-0.04e(L/48.8)+0.26 (2)
Wherein L is the offset variable apart from 12 outlet surface of nozzle, and strength variable when F is at L, the model belongs to
Second order decay exponential model.
Since strength act on food samples 4 to be measured load the moment to stress relaxation characteristics detection complete process
In, pressure information transmission is fed back to embedded microprocessor by electromagnetic force balance sensor 11；Embedded microprocessor records gas
Power monitor value (pressure information), when acquisition the m- stress curve and parameters such as slack time, relaxation modulus, complete food stress pine
The detection of relaxation characteristic.
After the completion of rheological behavior detection, food samples 4 to be measured are removed from pallet, press reset button, and lifting platform 9 is automatic
Be reset to initial position, i.e., at 4 surface distance laser displacement sensor 18 to 120mm of food samples to be measured after, close food stream
Become Characteristics Detection system, electric Proportion valve 24, solenoid valve 23, electromagnetic force balance sensor 11, laser displacement sensor 18 are successively
It closes, entire food rheological behavior detection system is in standby, when pressing power switch 8, food rheological behavior detection system
System power-off.
The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention, and not limitation of the present invention, in relation to the common of technical field
Technical staff can also make a variety of changes and modification without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, therefore all
Equivalent technical solution also belongs to scope of the invention, and scope of patent protection of the invention is defined by the claims.
The content not being described in detail in this specification belongs to the prior art well known to professional and technical personnel in the field.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of food rheological behavior detection system, it is characterised in that: generate system including body, lifting experimental bench system, strength
System, deformation detecting system, stress sensing system, control and information processing system,
The lifting experimental bench system, deformation detecting system, stress sensing system, control and information processing system are installed on body
On；
The lifting experimental bench system includes lifting platform driving motor (2), lifting platform (9), moves horizontally sliding rail (10) and lifting
Platform motor driver (16)；
The lifting platform motor driver (16) connect with lifting platform driving motor (2), for driving lifting platform driving motor
(2)；The lifting platform driving motor (2) connect with lifting platform (9), for controlling the lifting of lifting platform (9)；It is described to move horizontally
Sliding rail (10) is located at the top of lifting platform (9), connect with lifting platform (9), for moving horizontally, and as lifting platform (9) are gone up and down；
The strength generation system includes air compressor, pressure regulator valve (5), two-stage air filtration (7), solenoid valve (23), electrical
Proportioning valve (24) and gas chamber (13)；
The pressure regulator valve (5), two-stage air filtration (7), solenoid valve (23), electric Proportion valve (24) and gas chamber (13) are installed on machine
The top of body；
The air compressor is connect with pressure regulator valve (5), and the pressure regulator valve (5) connect with two-stage air filtration (7), the two-stage
Air filtration (7) is connect with electric Proportion valve (24), and the electric Proportion valve (24) connect with solenoid valve (23), the solenoid valve
(23) it is connect with gas chamber (13)；
The pressure regulator valve (5) includes pressure regulation valve body and pressure gauge (6)；The gas chamber (13) successively includes window from top to bottom
(14), gas chamber main body and nozzle (12), the window (14) are located at the surface of the nozzle (12), the window (14) and spray
The material of mouth (12) is quartz；
The deformation detecting system includes laser displacement sensor (18), laser signal amplifier (21) and laser signal modulus of conversion
Block (22)；
The laser displacement sensor (18) is located at the surface of gas chamber (13), and connect with laser signal amplifier (21), swashs
Optical signal amplifier (21) is connect with laser signal conversion module (22), and the laser displacement sensor (18) for acquiring in real time
The deformation information of food samples (4) to be measured, the input path of the laser displacement sensor (18) and the nozzle for spraying air-flow
(12) coaxial；
The stress sensing system includes electromagnetic force balance sensor (11)；
The electromagnetic force balance sensor (11) is installed on the top for moving horizontally sliding rail (10), senses in the electromagnetic force equilibrium
Device (11) is equipped with pallet, and for the pallet for placing food samples to be measured (4), the food samples (4) to be measured are located at nozzle
(12) lower section is acted on by the planar support of pallet, and electromagnetic force balance sensor (11) is adopted in real time in such a way that plane senses
Collection sprays pressure information of the air-flow to food samples to be measured (4) surface, the measurement accuracy of the electromagnetic force balance sensor (11)
Not less than 0.01N；
The control and information processing system include embedded microprocessor, embedded all-in-one machine (15) and A/D conversion module；Institute
It states embedded microprocessor and is connect with laser signal conversion module (22) by serial communication；The embedded microprocessor and liter
Platform motor driver (16) connection is dropped, and passes sequentially through lifting platform motor driver (16) and lifting platform driving motor (2) control
The lifting of lifting platform (9)；The embedded microprocessor is connect with solenoid valve (23), for controlling the on-off of solenoid valve (23)；
The embedded microprocessor is connect with electromagnetic force balance sensor (11), real-time for receiving electromagnetic force balance sensor (11)
The pressure information of acquisition；The embedded microprocessor is connect with A/D conversion module, and by A/D conversion module to electrical ratio
Example valve (24) carries out voltage control, and then controls the air flux of electric Proportion valve (24)；The embedded all-in-one machine
(15) it is connect with embedded microprocessor, is equipped with order and executes key and data graphics display area；The embedded micro process
Device is shown for storing and processing to received information, and by processing information in datagraphic display area, and receives life
Enable execute key control command information, to solenoid valve (23), electric Proportion valve (24) and lifting platform motor driver (16) into
Row control.
2. food rheological behavior detection system as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the window (14) and nozzle (12)
Material be light transmittance be not less than 80% quartz；The nozzle (12) is followed successively by linkage section (25), converging portion from top to bottom
(26) and rectification section (27)；The linkage section (25) is connected through a screw thread with gas chamber main body, the converging portion (26) and rectification section
(27) length ratio is not more than 1:1.3, the diameter of the length of the rectification section (27) and rectification section (27) internal venthole it
Than being not less than 3:1；The diameter of the internal venthole of the rectification section (27) is not more than 3mm.
3. food rheological behavior detection system as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the work pressure of the air compressor
Power is not less than 0.5MPa；The electric Proportion valve (24) is equipped with pressure gauge, shows access into electric Proportion valve (24) for monitoring
In air pressure value；The control voltage change range of the electric Proportion valve (24) is 0-5V, when the voltage changes from 0V
When for 5V, the air flux of electric Proportion valve (24) is gradually increased so that from the air pressure that electric Proportion valve (24) are flowed out from
Zero is gradually increased to 0.5MPa.
4. food rheological behavior detection system as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the embedded microprocessor is to adopt
With the ARM embedded microprocessor of Cortex A8 framework；The serial communication is transmitted using RS232 serial ports.
5. food rheological behavior detection system as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the lifting platform (9) is scissor-type
Lifting platform；The lifting platform driving motor (2) is stepper motor.
6. food rheological behavior detection system as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the body includes top plate, side plate
And bottom plate；The top plate and side plate are interconnected by L shape connector (20), screw, and the side plate is connected with bottom plate by L shape
Part (20), screw interconnect；The quadrangle of the organism bottom is respectively equipped with lower margin (1), the solenoid valve (23), electrical ratio
Valve (24), laser displacement sensor (18), laser signal amplifier (21) and laser signal conversion module (22) are located at the top
The lower section of plate, and be fixedly connected by pendant plate (19) with L shape connector (20)；The L shape connector (20) by screw with
Body is fixedly connected；The outside of the lifting platform driving motor (2) is equipped with motor dustproof protecting cover (3).
7. food rheological behavior detection system as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that: the lower front part of the body is equipped with
Power switch (8), for starting food rheological behavior detection system；Switching Power Supply is installed on the side plate of the body
(17), it for 220v lighting voltage to be reduced to 24v, powers for food rheological behavior detection system.
8. food rheological behavior detection system as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the air compressor and pressure regulator valve
(5) it is connected by pipeline one；The pressure regulator valve (5) is connect with two-stage air filtration (7) by thread seal；The two-stage air
Filtering (7) is connect with electric Proportion valve (24) by pipeline two；The electric Proportion valve (24) and solenoid valve (23) pass through pipeline
Three connections；The solenoid valve (23) passes sequentially through pipeline four, gas path joint and gas chamber (13) and connects；The pipeline one and pipeline two
Internal diameter be greater than pipeline three, pipeline four and gas path joint internal diameter.
9. food rheological behavior detection system as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: it includes multiple that the order, which executes key,
Position button, in the detection process, when in case of emergency, pressing the reset button, lifting platform (9) automatically resets to initial
Position.
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| CN113740188A (en) * | 2021-09-02 | 2021-12-03 | 中国农业大学 | System and method for detecting rheological property of viscoelastic material based on pneumatic-machine vision |
| US20220026408A1 (en) * | 2018-09-14 | 2022-01-27 | Kaak Groep B.V. | Measuring device and method for a contactless analysis of a food product in a production line |
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