CN108955983A - Cable tension test method based on the drag-line vibration shape and photogrammetric technology - Google Patents
Cable tension test method based on the drag-line vibration shape and photogrammetric technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN108955983A CN108955983A CN201810824677.5A CN201810824677A CN108955983A CN 108955983 A CN108955983 A CN 108955983A CN 201810824677 A CN201810824677 A CN 201810824677A CN 108955983 A CN108955983 A CN 108955983A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L5/00—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
- G01L5/04—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes for measuring tension in flexible members, e.g. ropes, cables, wires, threads, belts or bands
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L5/00—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
- G01L5/04—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes for measuring tension in flexible members, e.g. ropes, cables, wires, threads, belts or bands
- G01L5/042—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes for measuring tension in flexible members, e.g. ropes, cables, wires, threads, belts or bands by measuring vibrational characteristics of the flexible member
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- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to Cable power detection fields, disclose a kind of cable tension test method based on the drag-line vibration shape and photogrammetric technology, and this method can carry out cable tension test to the drag-line of tool complicated boundary condition.Include the following steps: S1, determine the photogrammetric range of drag-line, chooses a part of drag-line as local structural units；S2, on local structural units, do if selected as test point, and " three concentric circles " label is set；S3, using photogrammetric technology tracking and testing point, obtain its vibration displacement time-history curves；S4, Cable Structure local mode is obtained using modal idenlification technology；S5, more accurate stationary point location information under local mode's vibration shape is obtained；Rope section between S6, selection any two stationary point obtains former cable force using single span tension hinged girder Suo Li calculation formula as equivalent analysis model；S7, it is analyzed by dimensionless group, the cable tension test precision and test applicability to equivalent model are analyzed.This method can carry out cable tension test to the drag-line with complicated boundary condition.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to cable-tension detection field, more particularly to a kind of based on the drag-line vibration shape and photogrammetric technology
Cable tension test method.
Background technique
The Suo Li (tension) of Cable Structure is the most crucial content for characterizing configuration state, and cable tension test is then to identify its state
Most effective safeguard measure.Currently, determining that Cable Structure is still hand the most real, effective safely by Suo Li detection (monitoring)
Section.Compared to hydralic pressure gauge method and punching pressure sensor dynamometry, there is scene essence in magnetic flux transducer in cable tension test
Spend that calibration difficulties, long term operability is poor, is confined to single-spot testing, is at high cost etc. applies problem, the Suo Li survey based on vibratory drilling method
Examination is still the method being most widely used, and especially for the Bridge State Assessment of operation stage, vibration frequency method is almost rope
The unique selection of power identification.
Domestic and foreign scholars have made a lot of research work in terms of the vibration frequency method of cable tension test, cable tension test this most
It commonly uses and seems simple technology and but contain depth.Rope elongated for single span, the Suo Liyu frequency based on classical Chord vibration theory
Rate linear relationship has preferable precision, but for more complicated situation, due to not considering drag-line rigidity, sag, gradient, complicated side
The influence of boundary's condition such as intermediate supports (damper), is unable to satisfy the requirement of measuring accuracy.
It has solved drag-line consideration under both ends consolidation and hinged situation currently based on the test method of vibration frequency to draw
The Suo Li of the factors such as rope bending stiffness, sag and inclination angle identifies problem.For elongated rope, drag-line rigidity and sag shadow are not considered
It rings, the specific calculation method of Suo Li are as follows: according to formulaSuo Li T is solved, in formula: fnThe n-th order self-vibration frequency of rope
Rate；The computational length of L- rope；N- vibrates order；The quality of m- unit rope length.Rope force evaluating is carried out based on Chord vibration theory,
Formula is simple, and field application is convenient, is widely used in practice.Drag-line has certain bending stiffness, for two
Hold hinged tension beam model, Suo Li calculation formula are as follows:Wherein EI is drag-line bending stiffness,
For the tension beam model of both ends consolidation, frequency equation is a transcendental equation, is unable to get the explicit expression of Suo Li calculating,
It can only iteratively solve.
In practical projects, the boundary condition of drag-line and its anchorage style and anchorage form have close relationship, generally simultaneously
Nonideal hinged or consolidation；Simultaneously as Cable Vibration control and the control of anchorage point drag-line fretting fatigue need
Want, stay cable end often mounting dampers, as compression-type high-damping rubber damper, shearing-type high-damping rubber damper,
Oil damper, friction damper, MR damper etc..Wherein the application of compression-type high-damping rubber damper is the widest
General, being mounted in the steel pile casting of drag-line both ends becomes internal damper, and drag-line is divided into three parts by such damper, for one
A little long ropes are also provided with external damper in drag-line beam-ends.For having the drag-line of complicated boundary condition above, due to damper
Intervention, drag-line be no longer two, simple band end support Chord vibrations or tension beam vibration model, damper is to Suo Li
The influence of test must be taken into consideration.
For having complicated boundary condition, the Cable power identification such as with intermediate supports (single or multiple dampers) is asked
Topic, frequency test before and after generally being installed when at bridge by damper in engineering demarcate the Equivalent Calculation length of drag-line to examine
The influence of damper is considered, but this is for existing bridge, since the change of working condition during damper operation is (such as built-in
Aging, cracking, the breakage of extrusion pressing type high-damping rubber damper rubber material), directly adopt into Equivalent Calculation length when bridge
It is likely to be obtained the Suo Li testing result of distortion；Another method is the removal damper when runing phase Suo Li detection, this is aobvious
It is so extremely inconvenient, it is not easy to engineering popularization.
Drag-line kinetic model can be established according to the position of damper and Parameter Conditions, but for having multiple centres
Situation is flexibly supported, Vibration Frequency Equations will be extremely complex, solves difficult.Frequency fitting process (test based on finite element analysis
Frequency and kinetic model frequency are fitted) displacement model of the accuracy of identification depending on FInite Element selection, the conventional finite element method institute
Static displacement field is generally polynomial interpolating function, for dynamics problem, even if dividing elements are enough, and high frequent vibration
Precision is still poor.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the invention is to overcome complicated boundary condition drop-down cable force detection difficult of the existing technology
Problem, provides a kind of cable tension test method based on the drag-line vibration shape and photogrammetric technology, and this method utilizes photogrammetric technology
This information of Cable Structure local mode is obtained, tool complicated boundary condition Cable Structure modeling problem is dissolved as local mode any two
Hinged Cable Structure Suo Li Solve problems between stationary point.
The present invention provides the cable tension test sides under a kind of complicated boundary condition based on the drag-line vibration shape and photogrammetric technology
Method includes the following steps:
S1, determine it is photogrammetric survey range, from Cable Structure choose a part be used as partial structurtes test cell.
S2, on partial structurtes test cell, if preliminary selected do as test point, in test point setting, " three with one heart
Circle " label, should " three concentric circles " be labeled as three concentric circles, radius is sequentially increased, innermost circle is black, outward a circle
Circle is white, and outmost circle is black again.This in white and black label is extremely suitble to carry out binaryzation in video image
Processing or edge extracting, and then ellipse fitting is carried out, improve accuracy of identification.Meanwhile this multinest structure, Ke Yiti
Three profiles are taken out, only when the point that the Fitting Calculation comes out is simultaneously the centroid of these three profiles, this point is just registered as this
The center of frame video object object, this method can greatly reduce the probability misidentified under the conditions of complex background environment, improve
Detection accuracy.
S3, using photogrammetric technology tracking and testing point mark, obtain the vibration displacement time-history curves of each test point；
S4, by based on frequency domain separation (FDD) modal idenlification technical treatment after, obtain Cable Structure local mode information；
S5, local mode's information according to drag-line obtain more accurate stationary point information under certain first order mode；
As equivalent analysis model, model two-end-point boundary condition is equivalent to rope section between S6, selection any two stationary point
Hingedly, former cable force is obtained using the Suo Li calculation formula of single span tension hinged girder equivalent model；
S7, it is analyzed, the cable tension test error based on equivalent model is analyzed, clearly test side by dimensionless group
The scope of application of method.
Preferably, it is using the detailed process of photogrammetric technology tracking and testing point mark described in step S3, with industrial phase
Machine is continuously shot " three concentric circles " label, moving object detection is carried out with background subtraction, using Kalman filter to movement
Target carries out real-time tracking, and the central coordinate of circle for obtaining " three concentric circles " label changes to obtain the vibration displacement time-histories data of drag-line.
Preferably, the step S6 the following steps are included:
A) for the stayed structure with complicated boundary condition, a beam-ends band rotation stiffness and vertical supporting are equivalent to
The tension beam model of rigidity, rigidity size are related to each order frequency；
B) the rope section in tension beam model between any two stationary point is chosen as equivalent analysis model, model two-end-point boundary
Condition is hinged；
C) former cable force is obtained using the Suo Li calculation formula of the hinged beam model of single span tension, avoids tool complex boundary and draws
The difficulty that rope kinetic model is established and frequency equation solves.
Preferably, the step S7 the following steps are included:
A) error calculation formula of cable tension test value Yu practical rope force value is derived；
B) influence of each crucial dimensionless group to cable tension test error is analyzed, the application range of test method is specified.
In step S6, the Free Vibration Equations of cross-section (bending stiffness is constant) tension drag-line are as follows:
Its vibration shape general solution is
Wherein,
D1, D2, D3, D4 are undetermined coefficient；And
Solution procedure need to meet certain boundary condition, have certain support stiffness and rotation stiffness for drag-line both ends
Suspension cable introduces such as downstream condition:
Wherein,And
For dimensionless group.
According to the frequency equation under the available complicated boundary condition of above-mentioned formula.
For the consistent situation of drag-line both ends boundary condition, introduceThen its face
Claim mode corresponding frequency equation are as follows:
The corresponding frequency equation of antisymmetry mode are as follows:
Wherein,A, b is weight coefficient, takes a=ξ in the present invention3, b=ξ；kS,kR∈
[0,1]。
Relationship according to above-mentioned frequency equation, between the natural frequency of vibration and Suo Li of available stayed structure.
For the consistent situation of drag-line both ends boundary condition, its available just symmetrical Mode Shape:
Its antisymmetry Mode Shape are as follows:
According to Mode Shape, the corresponding stationary point coordinate of available each rank Mode Shape, and then construct tension hinged girder etc.
Analysis model is imitated, it can be using the tension hinged girder Suo Li calculation formula for considering drag-line bending stiffness, very succinctly by the model
Ground obtains Cable power test value.
In step S7, theory deduction obtains the error formula of this method institute measuring rope power and practical Suo Li are as follows:
By formula it is found that the relative error and n of institute's measuring rope power, ξ, kSAnd kRIt is related with j-i, therefore it is directed to these parameters pair
The influence of error has carried out some analyses, and certain foundation is provided for the cable tension test in Practical Project.Analysis shows: just etc.
It imitates model to calculate for the relative error of Suo Li, KS、KRSmaller, negatively correlated relationship, and influence between the two is influenced on it
Amplitude is smaller；When ξ >=50 and n≤12, no matter support stiffness and rotational stiffness how value, maximum relative error can guarantee
Within 0.5%.
Cable tension test method of the invention, which is realized, carries out rope to tool complicated boundary condition drag-line using photogrammetric technology
Power test, using photogrammetric technology, can obtain the dynamic displacement time-histories of drag-line region-of-interest measuring point in such a way that long distance is contactless
Curve, it is more adaptable compared with by the way of acceleration transducer.Meanwhile the drag-line for having complicated boundary condition, such as band are more
The drag-line of a middle spring support and rotational restraint, directly establishes its kinetic model, and parse to its frequency equation
It solves extremely difficult, or even is unable to get Suo Li-frequency corresponding relationship, the present invention is off the beaten track, converts this problem to
The hinged beam model of a tension between vibration shape stationary point, enormously simplifies analysis difficulty, avoids tool complex boundary drag-line kinetic simulation
The difficulty that type is established and solved.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of cable tension test method in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is complicated boundary condition downhaul model schematic；
Fig. 3 a is the Simplified equivalent model schematic diagram of Cable Structure under complicated boundary condition；
Fig. 3 b is the equivalent solution Suo Li flow chart of simplification of Cable Structure under complicated boundary condition；
Fig. 4 is to track to " three concentric circles " label on drag-line, when obtaining inhaul cable vibration displacement with industrial camera
Journey curve and mode of oscillation schematic diagram.
Description of symbols
1 drag-line, 2 guy anchor solid point restricted joint angle
3 guy anchor solid point vertical supportings constrain 4 dampers
5 local mode's information, 6 vibration shape stationary point
The 7 equivalent hinged-supports of equivalent drag-line model 8
9 " three concentric circles " label, 10 industrial camera
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below by specific embodiment and in conjunction with attached drawing.
A kind of drag-line having complicated boundary condition is as shown in Fig. 2, 1 both ends of drag-line are connected by guy anchor solid point restricted joint angle 2
It connects in one end of damper 4, the other end connection anchor point vertical supporting constraint 3 of damper 4, due to damping
The presence of device 4, the drag-line 1 can not solve Suo Li using traditional strings theoretical formula.
Rope is solved based on the cable tension test method of the vibration shape and photogrammetric technology under complicated boundary condition provided by the invention
The process of power, as shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 3 a and Fig. 3 b, main processing steps are as follows:
Step S1: in practical application according to industrial camera 10 and mating camera lens can test scope, choose one on drag-line 1
Part is used as local test structural unit.
Step S2: as shown in figure 4, on selected local structural units, every group of selected five points as test point,
" three concentric circles " label 9 is arranged in test point.
Step S3: industrial camera 10 is continuously shot " three concentric circles " label 9, carries out " three concentric circles " using background subtraction
The moving object detection of label 9 carries out real-time tracking to moving target using Kalman filtering, obtains " three concentric circles " label 9
Central coordinate of circle variation, obtain the vibration displacement time-history curves of each test point of drag-line.
Step S4: after handling using frequency domain partition method (FDD) measured time course data, the office of Cable Structure is obtained
Portion's modal information 5.
Step S5: according to local mode's information 5 of drag-line, more accurate 6 position of vibration shape stationary point of certain first order mode is obtained.
Step S6: the rope section between any two vibration shape stationary point 6 is chosen as equivalent drag-line model 7, model two-end-point boundary
Condition is equivalent hinged-support 8, is obtained using the Suo Li calculation formula of equivalent drag-line model 7 (single span tension hinged girder equivalent model)
Former cable force.
Step S7: being analyzed by dimensionless group, is analyzed the cable tension test error based on equivalent model, is clearly surveyed
The scope of application of method for testing.
It is described the prefered embodiments of the present invention in detail above in conjunction with attached drawing, still, the present invention is not limited thereto.At this
, can be with various simple variants of the technical solution of the present invention are made in the range of the technology design of invention, including each particular technique
Feature is combined in any suitable manner, and in order to avoid unnecessary repetition, the present invention is to various combinations of possible ways
No further explanation will be given.But it should also be regarded as the disclosure of the present invention for these simple variants and combination, belongs to the present invention
Protection scope.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of cable tension test method based on the drag-line vibration shape and photogrammetric technology, which comprises the steps of:
S1, determine it is photogrammetric survey range, from Cable Structure choose a part be used as partial structurtes test cell；
S2, on partial structurtes test cell, select several points as test point, marked in test point setting " three concentric circles "；
S3, using photogrammetric technology tracking and testing point mark, obtain the vibration displacement time-history curves of each test point；
S4, by based on frequency domain separation (FDD) modal idenlification technical treatment after, obtain Cable Structure local mode information；
S5, local mode's information according to drag-line obtain more accurate stationary point information under certain first order mode；
As equivalent analysis model, model two-end-point boundary condition is equivalent to hingedly rope section between S6, selection any two stationary point,
Former cable force is obtained using the Suo Li calculation formula of single span tension hinged girder equivalent model；
S7, pass through Parameter analysis, the cable tension test precision and applicability of equivalent model are analyzed.
2. the cable tension test method according to claim 1 based on the drag-line vibration shape and photogrammetric technology, which is characterized in that
It is to be continuously shot " three concentric circles " label with industrial camera using photogrammetric technology tracking and testing point mark described in step S3,
Moving object detection is carried out with background subtraction, real-time tracking is carried out to moving target using Kalman filter, " three is same for acquisition
The central coordinate of circle of heart circle " label changes to obtain the vibration displacement time-histories data of drag-line.
3. the cable tension test method according to claim 1 based on the drag-line vibration shape and photogrammetric technology, which is characterized in that
The step S6, comprising the following steps:
A) for the stayed structure of tool complicated boundary condition, a beam-ends is equivalent to rotation stiffness and vertical supporting rigidity
Tension beam model, rigidity size are related to each order frequency；
B) the rope section in tension beam model between any two stationary point is chosen as equivalent analysis model, model two-end-point boundary condition
It is equivalent to hinged；
C) former cable force is obtained using the Suo Li calculation formula of single span tension hinged girder equivalent model.
4. the cable tension test method according to claim 1 based on the drag-line vibration shape and photogrammetric technology, which is characterized in that
The step S7 the following steps are included:
A) error calculation formula of cable tension test value Yu practical rope force value is derived；
B) influence of each dimensionless key parameter to cable tension test error is analyzed, the application range of test method is specified.
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Cited By (6)
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| CN110514340A (en) * | 2019-07-17 | 2019-11-29 | 河海大学 | A kind of cable force measurement method tracked based on target identification in Digital image technology |
| CN111174961A (en) * | 2020-01-17 | 2020-05-19 | 东南大学 | Modal analysis-based cable force optical measurement method and measurement system thereof |
| CN111783199A (en) * | 2020-06-21 | 2020-10-16 | 西北工业大学 | Refined rapid solving method for dynamic characteristics of multi-section cable structure |
| CN112381190A (en) * | 2020-11-03 | 2021-02-19 | 中交第二航务工程局有限公司 | Cable force testing method based on mobile phone image recognition |
| CN113607321A (en) * | 2021-07-16 | 2021-11-05 | 重庆物康科技有限公司 | Cable force testing method and device of cable structure, computer equipment and storage medium |
| WO2024073899A1 (en) * | 2022-10-05 | 2024-04-11 | 大连理工大学 | Inhaul cable tension identification algorithm considering semi-rigid constraints at two ends |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| WO2024073899A1 (en) * | 2022-10-05 | 2024-04-11 | 大连理工大学 | Inhaul cable tension identification algorithm considering semi-rigid constraints at two ends |
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Application publication date: 20181207 |