CN207317990U - The cable force measurement device of low frequency micro breadth oscillation drag-line - Google Patents

The cable force measurement device of low frequency micro breadth oscillation drag-line Download PDF

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CN207317990U
CN207317990U CN201721469063.7U CN201721469063U CN207317990U CN 207317990 U CN207317990 U CN 207317990U CN 201721469063 U CN201721469063 U CN 201721469063U CN 207317990 U CN207317990 U CN 207317990U
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cable
unit
rotating rod
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slave
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何华阳
周毅姝
冷正威
曹瑾瑾
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Research Institute of Highway Ministry of Transport
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Abstract

低频微幅振动拉索的索力测量装置属于桥梁索力检测领域。该装置包括:被测拉索,拉索捕捉单元,拉索捕捉单元接头,振动传送单元,辅助支架,主滑动单元,主滑动槽,主转动杆,转动支架,转动连接件,从转动杆,从滑动单元,从滑动槽,位移头,位移测量单元,主体底座和数据分析单元;本装置实现了对拉索振幅较小的情况下的索力测量。本装置具有振动放大功能,能够将拉索的微小振动成比例放大,便于采用位移测量单元对振动进行测量和记录。本专利能够有效检测拉索的低频振动,解决了振动传感器在低频下测量能力极差的问题,能够直接检测出基频振动。本专利成本较目前常用的方法低廉。

The utility model relates to a cable force measuring device for a low-frequency micro-amplitude vibration cable, which belongs to the field of bridge cable force detection. The device includes: the cable under test, the cable capture unit, the cable capture unit joint, the vibration transmission unit, the auxiliary bracket, the main sliding unit, the main sliding groove, the main rotating rod, the rotating bracket, the rotating connector, the slave rotating rod, From the sliding unit, from the sliding groove, the displacement head, the displacement measuring unit, the main body base and the data analysis unit; the device realizes the cable force measurement under the condition that the amplitude of the cable is small. The device has a vibration amplification function, which can amplify the small vibration of the cable in proportion, and is convenient for measuring and recording the vibration by using a displacement measuring unit. The patent can effectively detect the low-frequency vibration of the cable, solve the problem that the vibration sensor has extremely poor measurement capability at low frequencies, and can directly detect the fundamental frequency vibration. The cost of this patent is lower than the method commonly used at present.

Description

低频微幅振动拉索的索力测量装置Cable Force Measuring Device for Low-Frequency Micro-amplitude Vibration Cable

技术领域technical field

低频微幅振动拉索的索力测量装置属于桥梁索力检测领域。The utility model relates to a cable force measuring device for a low-frequency micro-amplitude vibration cable, which belongs to the field of bridge cable force detection.

背景技术Background technique

伴随着我国经济建设和对外开放的迅速发展,桥梁技术的不断进步和人们对桥梁美学因素的要求,拉索技术日益广泛地应用在大跨度桥梁中。其中典型的应用有悬索桥的主缆、吊索,斜拉桥的斜缆索、拱吊桥的吊索等。作为上述大型桥梁结构的核心构件,桥跨结构的重量和桥上活载绝大部分通过拉索传递到塔柱上。据不完全统计,我国大跨径拉索类桥梁有300余座,绝大部分拉索存在不同程度的病害,近年来,因桥梁拉索断裂造成桥梁垮塌的严重事故也有所发生。2011年宜宾小南门金沙长江大桥吊杆断裂,桥面垮塌;2010年南坪玉屏大桥断裂换索。可见由于长期处于交变应力、腐蚀和风致振动的环境中,拉索极易造成局部疲劳与损伤,不仅导致其使用寿命缩短,且直接影响结构的内力分布和结构线型,危及整个结构安全。索作为一种柔性构件,与刚性构件具有不同的受力特性:没有抗压刚度,只能承受拉力,具有明显的几何非线性,容易产生松弛和应力损失。桥梁拉索的受力与工作状态是直接反映桥梁是否处于正常运营的重要标志之一。在设计和施工时,需要对桥梁拉索索力进行检测和优化,以使得塔、梁处于最佳受力状态。在成桥后,也需要不断监测索力的变化,了解拉索的工作状态,及时进行调整,使之符合设计需求。中华人民共和国行业标准CJJ99-2003《城市桥梁养护技术规范》5.9.5中要求:“拉索索力必须每年进行一次测量,大桥竣工后最后一次调索的索力应与设计索力进行比较”。中华人民共和国行业推荐标准JTG/T J21-2011《公路桥梁承载能力检测评定规程》中明确指出,索力是斜拉桥与悬索桥的主要加载测试项目之一,是反映桥梁状态的重要参数之一。因此桥梁索力检测业务是各检测机构是一种不可或缺的检测项目和基本能力。With the rapid development of my country's economic construction and opening to the outside world, the continuous progress of bridge technology and people's requirements for bridge aesthetics, cable technology is increasingly widely used in long-span bridges. Typical applications include main cables and suspension cables of suspension bridges, inclined cables of cable-stayed bridges, suspension cables of arch suspension bridges, etc. As the core component of the above-mentioned large-scale bridge structure, most of the weight of the bridge span structure and the live load on the bridge are transmitted to the tower column through the cables. According to incomplete statistics, there are more than 300 long-span cable-type bridges in my country, and most of the cables have various degrees of disease. In recent years, serious accidents of bridge collapses caused by bridge cable breaks have also occurred. In 2011, the suspender of the Xiaonanmen Jinsha Yangtze River Bridge in Yibin broke and the bridge deck collapsed; in 2010, the Nanping Yuping Bridge broke and replaced the cables. It can be seen that due to long-term exposure to alternating stress, corrosion, and wind-induced vibration, the cables are prone to local fatigue and damage, which not only shortens their service life, but also directly affects the internal force distribution and structural alignment of the structure, endangering the safety of the entire structure. As a flexible component, the cable has different mechanical characteristics from rigid components: it has no compressive stiffness, can only bear tension, has obvious geometric nonlinearity, and is prone to relaxation and stress loss. The stress and working status of bridge cables are one of the important signs that directly reflect whether the bridge is in normal operation. During the design and construction, it is necessary to detect and optimize the force of the bridge cables so that the towers and beams are in the best stress state. After the bridge is completed, it is also necessary to continuously monitor the change of the cable force, understand the working status of the cable, and make timely adjustments to make it meet the design requirements. The People's Republic of China industry standard CJJ99-2003 "Technical Specifications for Urban Bridge Maintenance" 5.9.5 requires: "The cable force must be measured once a year, and the cable force of the last cable adjustment after the completion of the bridge should be compared with the design cable force." The industry recommendation standard JTG/T J21-2011 of the People's Republic of China clearly states that the cable force is one of the main loading test items of cable-stayed bridges and suspension bridges, and is one of the important parameters reflecting the state of bridges. . Therefore, the bridge cable force testing business is an indispensable testing item and basic capability of each testing agency.

1)千斤顶压力表测定法1) Jack pressure gauge measurement method

目前拉索均使用液压千斤顶进行拉张。由于千斤顶的张拉油缸和张拉力有直接的关系,通过精密压力表或液压传感器测定张拉油缸的液压,就可以求得索力。At present, the draglines are stretched using hydraulic jacks. Since the tensioning cylinder of the jack is directly related to the tensioning force, the cable force can be obtained by measuring the hydraulic pressure of the tensioning cylinder with a precision pressure gauge or a hydraulic sensor.

2)压力传感器测定法2) Pressure sensor measurement method

在拉索张拉时,千斤顶的张拉力通过连接杆传到拉索锚具,在连接杆上套接穿心式压力传感器,该传感器受压后能输出电压,则可以在二次仪表上读出千斤顶的拉张力。When the cable is stretched, the tension force of the jack is transmitted to the cable anchor through the connecting rod, and a through-hole pressure sensor is sleeved on the connecting rod. The sensor can output voltage after being pressed, and it can be read on the secondary instrument Out of the tension of the jack.

3)索力动测仪法3) Cable force dynamic tester method

索力动测仪法是依据索力与索的振动频率之间存在对应关系的特点,在已知索长度、两端约束情况、分布质量等参数时,将高灵敏度的频率传感器安置在索上检测索在振动激励下的振动信号,经过数字信号处理后即可测出拉索的自振频率,进而获得索力。由于其便捷性,工程上大多运用索力动测仪进行测量。The cable force dynamic tester method is based on the characteristics of the corresponding relationship between the cable force and the vibration frequency of the cable. When the parameters such as the length of the cable, the constraints at both ends, and the distribution quality are known, a high-sensitivity frequency sensor is placed on the cable. Detect the vibration signal of the cable under vibration excitation, and after digital signal processing, the natural vibration frequency of the cable can be measured, and then the cable force can be obtained. Due to its convenience, the cable force dynamic tester is mostly used in engineering for measurement.

4)磁通量测定法4) Magnetic flux measurement method

磁通量测定法测定拉索索力是基于铁磁性材料的磁弹效应原理进行测量,当受到外力作用时,铁磁性材料内部产生机械应力或应变,其磁导率发生相应变化,通过测定磁导率的变化来反映应力(或索力)的变化。The magnetic flux measurement method to measure the cable force is based on the principle of magnetoelastic effect of ferromagnetic materials. When an external force is applied, mechanical stress or strain is generated inside the ferromagnetic material, and its magnetic permeability changes accordingly. By measuring the magnetic permeability Changes to reflect changes in stress (or cable force).

现在技术存在以下缺点:Current technology has the following disadvantages:

1)不适用于成桥后拉索的索力动态测量和长期测量。由于压力表本身存在的指针偏转过快、指针抖动激烈、存在读数时人为的随机误差、油不回零等问题,同时成桥后拉索已经张拉完成,不便于将拉索取下安装压力表,所以该方法并不适用于成桥后的动态测量和长期测量。1) It is not suitable for the dynamic measurement and long-term measurement of the cable force after the bridge is completed. Due to the problems of the pressure gauge itself, the pointer deflects too fast, the pointer shakes violently, there are artificial random errors in the reading, and the oil does not return to zero. At the same time, the cable has been stretched after the bridge is completed, so it is not convenient to remove the cable to install the pressure gauge. , so this method is not suitable for dynamic measurement and long-term measurement after the bridge is completed.

2)价格昂贵。由于压力传感器价格相当昂贵、使用有效寿命短、动态响应差等问题,使得该测定法只适用于特定场合。2) Expensive. Due to the relatively expensive price of the pressure sensor, short useful life, poor dynamic response and other problems, this measurement method is only suitable for specific occasions.

3)测量能力无法满足需求。2006年吴康雄等在文献中指出,拉索的振动信号是由多谐振动信号组成的复合振动信号,索振动频率一般为(0.3~50)Hz,高频成分则易使得仪器采样时发生混频现象,一般应予以滤除。2016年周毅根据GB/T 18365《斜拉桥热挤聚乙烯高强钢丝拉索技术条件》所提供的高强钢丝拉索型号参数,选取了规范推荐的最细和最粗的拉索参数,建立ANSYS有限元模型,对拉索自振特性进行了数值模拟,其拉索密度、截面积、直径、弹性模量、泊松比、索力恒定,索长以1m为步长从10m至200m进行模拟计算,得出1阶固有自振频率范围分别是(14.39307~0.69740)Hz和(16.28878~0.71355)Hz,且索长与频率成反比关系。显然,采用索力动测仪法进行索力测量,其配备的振动传感器测量范围需覆盖0.3Hz~10Hz的低频段,具有该测量能力的传感器价格十分昂贵,一般均不配备该传感器。3) The measurement capability cannot meet the demand. In 2006, Wu Kangxiong and others pointed out in the literature that the vibration signal of the cable is a composite vibration signal composed of multi-harmonic vibration signals. The vibration frequency of the cable is generally (0.3-50) Hz, and the high-frequency components are likely to cause confusion when the instrument is sampled. Frequent phenomena should generally be filtered out. In 2016, according to the model parameters of high-strength steel wire cables provided by GB/T 18365 "Technical Conditions for Hot-Extruded Polyethylene High-Strength Steel Wire Cables for Cable-Stayed Bridges", Zhou Yi selected the thinnest and thickest cable parameters recommended by the code, and established The ANSYS finite element model simulates the natural vibration characteristics of the cable. The cable density, cross-sectional area, diameter, elastic modulus, Poisson's ratio, and cable force are constant, and the cable length is adjusted from 10m to 200m in steps of 1m. Simulation calculations show that the ranges of the first-order natural natural frequencies are (14.39307-0.69740) Hz and (16.28878-0.71355) Hz, respectively, and the cable length is inversely proportional to the frequency. Apparently, to measure the cable force using the cable force dynamic tester method, the vibration sensor equipped with it needs to cover the low frequency range of 0.3 Hz to 10 Hz. The sensor with this measurement capability is very expensive and is generally not equipped with this sensor.

4)测量结果准确度低。磁通量法由于技术发展不到位,导致测量准确度较低,无法满足实际工程需求。4) The accuracy of the measurement result is low. Due to the lack of technological development, the magnetic flux method has low measurement accuracy and cannot meet the actual engineering needs.

发明内容Contents of the invention

本申请所解决的技术问题:The technical problem solved by this application:

测量能力能够覆盖振动频率较低的长索;Measurement capability to cover long cables with low vibration frequencies;

能够运用于在建桥梁和成桥的检测和监测;It can be applied to the detection and monitoring of bridges under construction and completed bridges;

提高了测量精度。Improved measurement accuracy.

低频微幅振动拉索的索力测量装置主要由数据分析单元、位移测量单元、振动传送单元等部分组成,硬件连接图如图1所示。The cable force measurement device of the low-frequency micro-amplitude vibration cable is mainly composed of a data analysis unit, a displacement measurement unit, and a vibration transmission unit. The hardware connection diagram is shown in Figure 1.

拉索捕捉单元能够紧紧锁住拉索,使其工作时不在拉索上发生移动。拉索捕捉单元上安装有拉索捕捉单元接头。拉索捕捉单元接头上可以安装振动传送单元,将拉索的振动传递到本专利所属装置上。振动传送单元通过辅助支架固定,使得振动传送单元与辅助支架保持水平,且振动传送单元能够与辅助支架产生水平位移。振动传送单元下端连接有主滑动槽。主滑动单元可以在主滑动槽中沿着长边方向水平移动。主转动杆连接在主滑动单元上,且与从转动杆形成一个夹角。主转动杆和从转动杆的连接处为转动连接件,转动连接件使得主转动杆和从转动杆之间的相对位置不发生变化,且主转动杆和从转动杆形成的结构能够以转动连接件为圆心进行旋转运动。从转动杆的另一端连接有从滑动单元。从滑动单元安装在从滑动槽中,是的从滑动单元能够在从滑动槽中按长边方向水平移动。从滑动槽的一端连接在位移头上。位移头在位移测量单元上移动。位移测量单位测得位移头的位移,并将位移信息传输到数据分析单元上。数据分析单元具有显示位移曲线、显示频谱图、显示频率、显示索力值以及数据计算的功能。主体底座用于固定位移测量单元、转动支架以及辅助支架。The cable catch unit can tightly lock the cable so that it does not move on the cable during work. A cable capture unit connector is installed on the cable capture unit. A vibration transmission unit can be installed on the joint of the cable capture unit to transmit the vibration of the cable to the device of this patent. The vibration transmission unit is fixed by the auxiliary support, so that the vibration transmission unit and the auxiliary support are kept horizontal, and the vibration transmission unit can generate horizontal displacement with the auxiliary support. The lower end of the vibration transmission unit is connected with a main slide groove. The main slide unit can move horizontally in the main slide groove along the long side direction. The main rotating rod is connected to the main sliding unit and forms an included angle with the slave rotating rod. The connection between the main rotating rod and the secondary rotating rod is a rotating connection, and the rotating connecting part makes the relative position between the main rotating rod and the secondary rotating rod unchanged, and the structure formed by the main rotating rod and the secondary rotating rod can be connected by rotation The piece rotates around the center of the circle. A slave sliding unit is connected with the other end of the slave turning rod. The slave sliding unit is installed in the slave sliding groove, and the slave sliding unit can move horizontally in the slave sliding groove according to the long side direction. Connect to the displacement head from one end of the sliding groove. The displacement head moves on the displacement measurement unit. The displacement measurement unit measures the displacement of the displacement head, and transmits the displacement information to the data analysis unit. The data analysis unit has the functions of displaying displacement curve, displaying frequency spectrum, displaying frequency, displaying cable force value and data calculation. The base of the main body is used to fix the displacement measurement unit, the rotating bracket and the auxiliary bracket.

主滑动槽可以选用气浮导轨或磁浮导轨,实现主滑动单元在主滑动槽上的无摩擦和无振动的平滑移动。从滑动槽可以选用气浮导轨或磁浮导轨,实现从滑动单元在从滑动槽上的无摩擦和无振动的平滑移动。The main sliding groove can use air bearing guide rail or magnetic bearing guide rail to realize the smooth movement of the main sliding unit on the main sliding groove without friction and vibration. The slave sliding groove can choose air bearing guide rail or magnetic bearing guide rail to realize the frictionless and vibration-free smooth movement of the slave sliding unit on the slave sliding groove.

位移测量单元可以选用高精度光栅尺、容栅式数字位移传感器、激光测距传感器、拉线编码器等。The displacement measuring unit can choose high-precision grating ruler, capacitive digital displacement sensor, laser distance measuring sensor, pull wire encoder, etc.

数据分析单元可以选用计算机、工控机、单片机、手机等。The data analysis unit can be a computer, an industrial computer, a single-chip microcomputer, a mobile phone, etc.

本专利所述拉索捕捉单元、拉索捕捉单元接头、振动传送单元以及辅助支架,用于等值传递拉索的振动。The cable capture unit, the cable capture unit joint, the vibration transmission unit and the auxiliary bracket described in this patent are used to transmit the vibration of the cable in equivalent value.

本专利所述主滑动单元、主滑动槽、主转动杆、转动支架、转动连接件、从转动杆、从滑动单元、从滑动槽以及位移头,用于按一定比值传送拉索的振动。其中,比值的大小与主转动杆和从转动杆的长度成正相关关系;设主转动杆长L,转动角度θ,则主转动杆移动的垂直距离为从转动杆亦可如此推导。The main sliding unit, main sliding groove, main rotating rod, rotating bracket, rotating connector, slave rotating rod, slave sliding unit, slave sliding groove and displacement head described in this patent are used to transmit the vibration of the cable at a certain ratio. Among them, the size of the ratio is positively correlated with the lengths of the main rotating rod and the slave rotating rod; if the length of the main rotating rod is L and the rotation angle θ, then the vertical distance of the main rotating rod is The same can be deduced from the rotation rod.

本专利所述数据分析单元记录位移测量单元传输的位移信息,并绘制时程曲线,采用小波变化计算得到被测拉索振动的多阶频率,基于弦振动理论通过对多阶频率的计算得到被测拉索的索力值。The data analysis unit described in this patent records the displacement information transmitted by the displacement measurement unit, draws the time history curve, and calculates the multi-order frequency of the vibration of the cable under test by using the wavelet change calculation. Measure the tension of the cable.

拉索捕捉单元可以是一对半圆柱环,半圆柱环的内径和被测拉索的外径相同。振动传送单元可以是刚性光轴。辅助支架是垂直地面的,位移头移动的方向也是垂直地面的。The cable capturing unit may be a pair of semi-cylindrical rings, the inner diameter of the semi-cylindrical rings is the same as the outer diameter of the measured cable. The vibration transmission unit may be a rigid optical shaft. The auxiliary support is vertical to the ground, and the moving direction of the displacement head is also vertical to the ground.

初始化是指位移测量单元示值归零,数据分析单元的记录清空归零,主转动杆和从转动杆达到平衡。平衡是指主转动杆和从转动杆不会在拉索未振动的情况下发生旋转。为了达到平衡,可以用手调整主转动杆、从转动杆、主滑动槽、从滑动槽的位置。角度θ是主转动杆以转动连接件为圆心,沿着顺时针方向转动的角度。5、位移头是在位移测量单元上移动。Initialization means that the indication value of the displacement measurement unit is reset to zero, the records of the data analysis unit are cleared and reset to zero, and the master rotating rod and the slave rotating rod reach a balance. Balance means that the master and slave turning rods cannot rotate without the cable not vibrating. In order to achieve balance, the positions of the main rotating rod, the slave rotating rod, the master slide groove and the slave slide groove can be adjusted by hand. Angle θ is the angle at which the main rotating rod rotates clockwise with the rotating connecting piece as the center. 5. The displacement head moves on the displacement measurement unit.

本专利所述用于测量拉索索力的装置由数据分析单元、位移测量单元、振动传送单元等部分组成。The device for measuring the force of the cable described in this patent is composed of a data analysis unit, a displacement measurement unit, a vibration transmission unit and other parts.

总体技术方案实现过程如下:The implementation process of the overall technical solution is as follows:

(1)将拉索捕捉单元安装到被测拉索上,使得拉索捕捉单元和被测拉索紧密贴合。(1) Install the cable capture unit on the cable under test so that the cable capture unit and the cable under test fit closely.

(2)将主体底座安放在平稳的地面上,并且使得振动传送单元长边能够垂直于地面。(2) Place the base of the main body on a stable ground, and make the long side of the vibration transmission unit perpendicular to the ground.

(3)装置上电初始化,主转动杆和从转动杆达到平衡状态。(3) The device is powered on and initialized, and the master rotating rod and the slave rotating rod reach a balanced state.

(4)采用锤击等方式激励被测拉索,使得拉索产生振动。(4) Use methods such as hammering to excite the tested cable to make the cable vibrate.

(5)振动传送单元随着拉索振动产生上下位移,位移方向应平行于辅助支架。(5) The vibration transmission unit produces up and down displacement with the vibration of the cable, and the displacement direction should be parallel to the auxiliary support.

(6)主滑动槽受到振动传送单元移动产生的推拉力,发生位移,使得主滑动单元受迫在主滑动槽内产生左右往复运动,运动方向应平行于主滑动槽。(6) The main sliding groove is displaced by the push-pull force generated by the movement of the vibration transmission unit, so that the main sliding unit is forced to reciprocate left and right in the main sliding groove, and the movement direction should be parallel to the main sliding groove.

(7)主滑动单元的移动带动主转动杆绕着连接件做往复转动。(7) The movement of the main sliding unit drives the main rotating rod to reciprocate around the connecting piece.

(8)从转动杆因主转动杆的转动而发生往复转动,转动方向与主转动杆的转动方向保持一致。(8) The secondary rotating rod reciprocates due to the rotation of the main rotating rod, and the rotating direction is consistent with the rotating direction of the main rotating rod.

(9)从转动杆往复转动时带动从滑动单元产生位移。(9) When the slave rotating rod reciprocates, it drives the slave sliding unit to generate displacement.

(10)从滑动单元在从滑动槽内做左右往复运动,运动方向与从滑动槽水平。(10) The secondary sliding unit reciprocates left and right in the secondary sliding groove, and the moving direction is horizontal to the secondary sliding groove.

(11)从滑动槽受到从滑动单元施加的力,从而带动位移头沿着竖直方向进行往复运动;(11) receiving the force applied from the sliding unit from the sliding groove, thereby driving the displacement head to reciprocate along the vertical direction;

(12)位移测量单元测量位移头的移动情况。(12) The displacement measuring unit measures the movement of the displacement head.

(13)位移测量单元将测得的位移信息传输到数据分析单元中。(13) The displacement measurement unit transmits the measured displacement information to the data analysis unit.

(14)数据分析单元根据位移测量单元传输的位移数据实时显示位移的时程曲线。(14) The data analysis unit displays the time history curve of the displacement in real time according to the displacement data transmitted by the displacement measurement unit.

(15)数据分析单元采用FFT等算法计算并绘制出频谱图。(15) The data analysis unit uses algorithms such as FFT to calculate and draw the frequency spectrum.

(16)数据分析单元基于弦振动理论,采用小波变换等算法计算出位移曲线的频率和索力值。(16) The data analysis unit is based on the theory of string vibration, using algorithms such as wavelet transform to calculate the frequency and cable force value of the displacement curve.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1装置示意图Figure 1 schematic diagram of the device

图中,1为被测拉索,2为拉索捕捉单元,3为拉索捕捉单元接头,4为振动传送单元,5为辅助支架,6为主滑动单元,7为主滑动槽,8为主转动杆,9为转动支架,10为转动连接件,11为从转动杆,12为从滑动单元,13为从滑动槽,14为位移头,15为位移测量单元,16为主体底座,17为数据分析单元。In the figure, 1 is the tested cable, 2 is the cable capture unit, 3 is the cable capture unit joint, 4 is the vibration transmission unit, 5 is the auxiliary bracket, 6 is the main sliding unit, 7 is the main sliding groove, 8 is the The main rotating rod, 9 is the rotating bracket, 10 is the rotating connector, 11 is the slave rotating rod, 12 is the slave sliding unit, 13 is the slave sliding groove, 14 is the displacement head, 15 is the displacement measuring unit, 16 is the main body base, 17 is the data analysis unit.

图2测量拉索索力的装置和方法的技术方案流程图Figure 2 is a flow chart of the technical scheme of the device and method for measuring the force of the cable

图3所示实例1流程图。Example 1 flow chart shown in Fig. 3.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

参考图3所示实例1流程图,实例1技术方案实现过程如下:Referring to the flowchart of Example 1 shown in Figure 3, the implementation process of the technical solution of Example 1 is as follows:

(1)将拉索捕捉单元安装到被测拉索上,使得拉索捕捉单元和被测拉索紧密贴合。(1) Install the cable capture unit on the cable under test so that the cable capture unit and the cable under test fit closely.

(2)将主体底座安放在平稳的地面上,并且使得振动传送单元长边能够垂直于地面。(2) Place the base of the main body on a stable ground, and make the long side of the vibration transmission unit perpendicular to the ground.

(3)装置上电初始化,主转动杆和从转动杆达到平衡状态。(3) The device is powered on and initialized, and the master rotating rod and the slave rotating rod reach a balanced state.

(4)采用锤击等方式激励被测拉索,使得拉索产生振动。(4) Use methods such as hammering to excite the tested cable to make the cable vibrate.

(5)拉索的振动情况通过装置一定的幅值放大传递到位移头上,装置的位移测量单元对位移头的位移情况进行测量,并传输到装置的数据分析单元。(5) The vibration of the cable is transmitted to the displacement head through a certain amplitude amplification of the device. The displacement measurement unit of the device measures the displacement of the displacement head and transmits it to the data analysis unit of the device.

(6)数据分析单元根据位移测量单元传输的位移数据实时显示位移的时程曲线,并基于弦振动理论,采用小波变换等算法计算出位移曲线的索力值。(6) The data analysis unit displays the time history curve of the displacement in real time according to the displacement data transmitted by the displacement measurement unit, and calculates the cable force value of the displacement curve based on the string vibration theory and using algorithms such as wavelet transform.

本专利实现了对拉索振幅较小的情况下的索力测量。装置具有振动放大功能,能够将拉索的微小振动成比例放大,便于采用位移测量单元对振动进行测量和记录。本专利能够有效检测拉索的低频振动,解决了振动传感器在低频下测量能力极差的问题,能够直接检测出基频振动。本专利成本较目前常用的方法低廉。The patent realizes the measurement of the cable force under the condition that the amplitude of the cable is small. The device has a vibration amplification function, which can amplify the small vibration of the cable in proportion, and is convenient to measure and record the vibration by the displacement measurement unit. The patent can effectively detect the low-frequency vibration of the cable, solve the problem that the vibration sensor has extremely poor measurement capability at low frequencies, and can directly detect the fundamental frequency vibration. The cost of this patent is lower than the method commonly used at present.

本专利发明了低频微幅振动拉索的索力测量装置。This patent invents a cable force measuring device for low-frequency micro-amplitude vibration cables.

现有的索力动测仪法测量拉索索力的方法,由于振动传感器在0.3Hz~10Hz的低频范围内测量能力极差,都是采用拾振器测量得到高阶振动频率后,通过计算不同阶次频率间的频差作为拉索振动基频,从而计算得到拉索索力值。根据大量实验和文献纪录可以知道,传统索力动测仪测量索力的最大测量误差可达到2.1%,现有方法的测量误差较大,并不能满足实际需求。本专利的最大测量误差约为1.5%。The existing method of measuring the cable force with the cable force dynamic tester method, because the vibration sensor has a very poor measurement capability in the low frequency range of 0.3 Hz to 10 Hz, after the high-order vibration frequency is obtained through the measurement of the vibration pickup, it is calculated by different The frequency difference between the order frequencies is used as the fundamental frequency of the cable vibration, so as to calculate the force value of the cable. According to a large number of experiments and literature records, it can be known that the maximum measurement error of the traditional cable force dynamic measuring instrument can reach 2.1%, and the measurement error of the existing method is relatively large, which cannot meet the actual needs. The maximum measurement error of this patent is about 1.5%.

Claims (5)

1.低频微幅振动拉索的索力测量装置,其特征在于,包括:被测拉索,拉索捕捉单元,拉索捕捉单元接头,振动传送单元,辅助支架,主滑动单元,主滑动槽,主转动杆,转动支架,转动连接件,从转动杆,从滑动单元,从滑动槽,位移头,位移测量单元,主体底座和数据分析单元;1. The cable force measuring device of the low-frequency micro-amplitude vibration cable, which is characterized in that it includes: the measured cable, the cable capture unit, the cable capture unit joint, the vibration transmission unit, the auxiliary bracket, the main sliding unit, and the main sliding groove , a main rotating rod, a rotating bracket, a rotating connector, a slave rotating rod, a slave sliding unit, a slave sliding groove, a displacement head, a displacement measurement unit, a main body base and a data analysis unit; 拉索捕捉单元能够紧紧锁住拉索,使其工作时不在拉索上发生移动;拉索捕捉单元上安装有拉索捕捉单元接头;拉索捕捉单元接头上能够安装振动传送单元;振动传送单元通过辅助支架固定,使得振动传送单元与辅助支架保持水平,且振动传送单元能够与辅助支架产生水平位移;振动传送单元下端连接有主滑动槽;主滑动单元能够在主滑动槽中沿着长边方向水平移动;主转动杆连接在主滑动单元上,且与从转动杆形成一个夹角;主转动杆和从转动杆的连接处为转动连接件,转动连接件使得主转动杆和从转动杆之间的相对位置不发生变化,且主转动杆和从转动杆形成的结构能够以转动连接件为圆心进行旋转运动;从转动杆的另一端连接有从滑动单元;从滑动单元安装在从滑动槽中,从滑动单元能够在从滑动槽中按长边方向水平移动;从滑动槽的一端连接在位移头上;位移头在位移测量单元上移动;位移测量单元测得位移头的位移,并将位移信息传输到数据分析单元上;主体底座用于固定位移测量单元、转动支架以及辅助支架。The cable capture unit can lock the cable tightly so that it does not move on the cable during work; the cable capture unit is equipped with a cable capture unit joint; the cable capture unit joint can be equipped with a vibration transmission unit; the vibration transmission The unit is fixed by the auxiliary bracket, so that the vibration transmission unit and the auxiliary bracket are kept horizontal, and the vibration transmission unit can generate horizontal displacement with the auxiliary bracket; the lower end of the vibration transmission unit is connected with a main sliding groove; the main sliding unit can move in the main sliding groove along the length Move horizontally in the side direction; the main rotating rod is connected to the main sliding unit and forms an included angle with the slave rotating rod; the connection between the main rotating rod and the slave rotating rod is a rotating connector, and the rotating connector makes the master rotating rod and the slave rotate The relative position between the rods does not change, and the structure formed by the main rotating rod and the slave rotating rod can rotate with the rotating connector as the center of the circle; the slave sliding unit is connected to the other end of the slave rotating rod; the slave sliding unit is installed on the slave In the sliding groove, the slave sliding unit can move horizontally in the longitudinal direction in the slave sliding groove; one end of the slave sliding groove is connected to the displacement head; the displacement head moves on the displacement measuring unit; the displacement measuring unit measures the displacement of the displacement head, And transmit the displacement information to the data analysis unit; the base of the main body is used to fix the displacement measurement unit, the rotating bracket and the auxiliary bracket. 2.根据权利要求1所述的装置,其特征在于,主滑动槽或从滑动槽选用气浮导轨或磁浮导轨。2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the main sliding groove or the secondary sliding groove adopts an air-floating guide rail or a magnetic floating guide rail. 3.根据权利要求1所述的装置,其特征在于,位移测量单元能够选用高精度光栅尺、容栅式数字位移传感器、激光测距传感器或拉线编码器。3. The device according to claim 1, wherein the displacement measurement unit can be a high-precision grating ruler, a capacitive digital displacement sensor, a laser ranging sensor or a wire-drawn encoder. 4.根据权利要求1所述的装置,其特征在于,数据分析单元能够选用计算机、工控机、单片机或手机。4. The device according to claim 1, wherein the data analysis unit can be a computer, an industrial computer, a single-chip microcomputer or a mobile phone. 5.根据权利要求1所述的装置,其特征在于,所述主滑动单元、主滑动槽、主转动杆、转动支架、转动连接件、从转动杆、从滑动单元、从滑动槽以及位移头,用于按一定比值传送拉索的振动;其中,比值的大小与主转动杆和从转动杆的长度成正相关关系;设主转动杆长L,转动角度θ,则主转动杆移动的垂直距离为 5. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that, the main sliding unit, the main sliding groove, the main rotating rod, the rotating bracket, the rotating connector, the rotating rod, the sliding unit, the sliding groove and the displacement head , used to transmit the vibration of the cable according to a certain ratio; wherein, the ratio is positively correlated with the length of the main rotating rod and the length of the slave rotating rod; if the length of the main rotating rod is L and the rotation angle θ, then the vertical distance of the main rotating rod for
CN201721469063.7U 2017-11-07 2017-11-07 The cable force measurement device of low frequency micro breadth oscillation drag-line Withdrawn - After Issue CN207317990U (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107941402A (en) * 2017-11-07 2018-04-20 交通运输部公路科学研究所 A kind of device and method for being used to measure Cable power
CN111928890A (en) * 2020-07-14 2020-11-13 宁波大学 Method for measuring self-vibration frequency and cable force of inhaul cable in real time

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107941402A (en) * 2017-11-07 2018-04-20 交通运输部公路科学研究所 A kind of device and method for being used to measure Cable power
CN107941402B (en) * 2017-11-07 2023-09-08 交通运输部公路科学研究所 A device and method for measuring cable force
CN111928890A (en) * 2020-07-14 2020-11-13 宁波大学 Method for measuring self-vibration frequency and cable force of inhaul cable in real time

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