CN108950386B - Heat-resistant anticorrosive metal magnesium refining kettle and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Heat-resistant anticorrosive metal magnesium refining kettle and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN108950386B CN108950386B CN201810715038.5A CN201810715038A CN108950386B CN 108950386 B CN108950386 B CN 108950386B CN 201810715038 A CN201810715038 A CN 201810715038A CN 108950386 B CN108950386 B CN 108950386B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/0068—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for particular articles not mentioned below
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C33/06—Making ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/001—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing N
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/005—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing rare earths, i.e. Sc, Y, Lanthanides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/58—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with more than 1.5% by weight of manganese
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Abstract
The invention discloses a magnesium metal refining pot and a preparation method thereof, which adopts a lost foam model to prepare by vacuumizing; the charging sequence of the smelting furnace is as follows: heat-resistant steel → high-chromium iron → low-chromium iron → ferromanganese → ferrosilicon → ferromolybdenum; the casting temperature is 1620 +/-5 ℃, the casting time is 30-50 s, and the casting method is casting of a dead head on the side wall of the refining pot; then cleaning the casting body, and then putting the casting body into a heat treatment furnace for heating, wherein the heating temperature is 1050-1100 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 1.8-2.5 h; then putting the mixture into an oil pool for oil cooling: then, polishing the round edge of the pot mouth, and then machining to remove a dead head; and finally, detecting whether the refining kettle is qualified or not through ultrasonic waves, and finally classifying and storing. The refining pot obtained by the invention has the advantages of heat-resistant strength, good thermal creep property and corrosion resistance, and can greatly improve the use safety and reliability of the refining pot.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of preparation of metal magnesium refining equipment, and particularly relates to a heat-resistant anticorrosive metal magnesium refining kettle and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The refining pot is a smelting device in the magnesium metal refining device, has the functions of smelting crude magnesium, improving the purity of magnesium, providing metal magnesium with good performance and few impurities for a magnesium metal raw material user, and has the functions of smelting crude magnesium, transferring magnesium metal liquid and the like. The refining pot is key equipment for refining metal magnesium, has the function of smelting crude magnesium, has severe use conditions, and particularly has severe working conditions during smelting, and is subjected to high-temperature corrosion and hot creep of magnesium liquid to the pot besides normal high-temperature environment; in addition, because the environment of the magnesium metal smelting process is particularly severe, a plurality of unpredictable factors can occur, such as impact of coal gas on the wall of the pot, overproof corrosive liquid and aggravated damage to a refining pot under the action of gravity. The quality of the performance is very important to the smelting process. Once the refining pot is damaged to cause the leakage of the magnesium metal liquid, a catastrophic safety accident can be caused.
The magnesium metal refining pot has two forms of an integrated pot and a composite pot, wherein the integrated pot has the advantages of good high-temperature resistance, small thermal creep property, good corrosion resistance and the like, and most of magnesium refining enterprises adopt smelting equipment. At present, an integrated pot is mainly cast by a sand mold, and has the advantage of simple preparation process, but heat-resistant steel has non-uniform internal structure, coarse crystal grains and serious plasticity and toughness deterioration in the smelting and crystallization processes, and cast steel parts have casting defects which are difficult to completely avoid, such as shrinkage porosity, air holes, sand holes and the like, which inevitably leads to the reduction of the safety and reliability of a refining pot; meanwhile, the refining pot has poor corrosion resistance and large thermal creep property due to unreasonable alloy element formula, and the reasons are that the refining pot has air holes and liquid leakage or the pot cracks due to serious deformation, so that disastrous safety accidents occur. Practical use of Tianlong magnesium industry, Teddy coal chemical, Fugu county, Fugu Jingfu coal chemical, and the like in Yulin city shows that the phenomena of poor heat resistance, poor thermal creep resistance, poor corrosion resistance and the like of the integral sand casting pot are serious, and the refining production of magnesium metal is restricted. Therefore, it is urgently needed to adopt new formula of material components and preparation method to improve the heat resistance, thermal creep property and corrosion resistance of the refining kettle.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a heat-resistant anticorrosive metal magnesium refining pot and a preparation method thereof, which are used for overcoming the problems in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a heat-resistant anticorrosive magnesium metal refining kettle comprises the following chemical components: and C: 0.4-0.65%, Cr: 16% -21%, Mn: 3% -5%, Si: 1.6% -2.0%, Ni: 0.1% -0.2%, Mo: 0.02% -0.03%, N: 0.6% -1.2%, S: <0.02%, P: <0.02%, rare earth: 0.12 to 0.2 percent of the total weight of the alloy, and the balance of Fe.
A preparation method of a heat-resistant anticorrosive metal magnesium refining kettle comprises the following steps:
step 1: sequentially adding heat-resistant steel, high-chromium iron, low-chromium iron, ferromanganese, ferrosilicon, ferromolybdenum and rare earth into a smelting furnace for smelting, introducing protective gas during the smelting process, and casting by adopting a lost foam model through vacuumizing after the smelting is finished to obtain a cast body;
step 2: carrying out heat treatment on the cast body, and carrying out oil cooling after the heat treatment;
and step 3: and (3) polishing the round edge of the pot mouth after oil cooling is finished to obtain the heat-resistant anticorrosive magnesium metal refining pot, wherein the heat-resistant anticorrosive magnesium metal refining pot comprises the following chemical components: and C: 0.4-0.65%, Cr: 16% -21%, Mn: 3% -5%, Si: 1.6% -2.0%, Ni: 0.1-0.2%, Mo: 0.02-0.03%, N: 0.6-1.2%, S: <0.02%, P: <0.02%, rare earth: 0.12-0.2%, and the balance of Fe.
Furthermore, the casting temperature in the step 1 is 1615-1625 ℃, and the casting time is 30-50 s.
Further, the protective gas in the step 1 is nitrogen.
Further, the casting method in the step 1 is side wall riser casting.
Further, after the round edge of the pot mouth is polished in the step 3, a riser is removed by machining, and the heat-resistant and corrosion-resistant metal magnesium refining pot is obtained.
Further, the heat treatment temperature in the step 2 is 1050-1100 ℃, and the time is 1.8-2.5 h.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
according to the refining pot disclosed by the invention, the chemical components are optimally designed, the added alloy elements such as Cr, Mo and N have the effects of improving the compactness of the structure, refining the structure and strengthening the grain boundary, and in addition, harmful elements such as S, P are reduced, and the heat resistance, the corrosion resistance and the thermal creep resistance of the refining pot are improved.
According to the invention, through a vacuumizing lost foam casting process, the refining kettle refines alloy structure, reduces casting pores, has an internal structure crystallization direction consistent with the gravity direction of the refining kettle, greatly improves the heat resistance and corrosion resistance of the refining kettle, and controls thermal creep property; the one-step molding shortens the manufacturing period, the materials can be repeatedly utilized, and the production cost is reduced.
Furthermore, the refining kettle heat treatment process can ensure that the refining kettle has excellent comprehensive mechanical properties (high temperature resistance is larger than or equal to 800 ℃, and thermal creep property is smaller than or equal to 0.05 nm/h).
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a refining furnace according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the three-dimensional structure of a refining furnace according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a front view of a finer of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a side view of a finer of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a top view of a finer of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
a heat-resistant anticorrosive metal magnesium refining pot comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: 0.4-0.65% C (carbon), 16-21% Cr (chromium), 3-5% Mn (manganese), 1.6-2.0% Si (silicon), 0.1-0.2% Ni (nickel), 0.02-0.03% Mo (molybdenum), 0.6-1.2% N (nitrogen), <0.02% S (sulfur), <0.02% P, rare earths: 0.12-0.2 percent of the total weight of the alloy, and the balance of Fe (iron).
The preparation method of the refining pot adopts a method of vacuum pumping of a lost foam, namely, a casting method of the lost foam (expandable polystyrene resin beads) is utilized to obtain the integrated refining pot.
A preparation method of a magnesium metal refining pot comprises the following steps:
step 1, preparing a corresponding casting process according to material matching and design drawings (shown in figures 1 to 5) of an integrated casting refining kettle; preparing by adopting a lost foam model through vacuumizing; the charging sequence of the smelting furnace is as follows: heat-resistant steel → high-chromium iron → low-chromium iron → ferromanganese → ferrosilicon → ferromolybdenum → rare earth for smelting, introducing protective gas nitrogen in the smelting process, and casting after smelting; the casting temperature is 1620 +/-5 ℃, the casting time is 30-50 s, and the casting method is casting of a dead head on the side wall of the refining pot;
step 2, cleaning the casting body, and then placing the casting body into a heat treatment furnace for heating, wherein the heating temperature is 1050-1100 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 1.8-2.5 h; then putting the mixture into an oil pool for oil cooling:
step 3, polishing the round edge of the pot mouth, and then machining to remove a dead head;
and 4, finally, detecting whether the refining kettle is qualified through ultrasonic waves, and finally classifying and storing.
The present invention is described in detail below with reference to examples:
example 1
A heat-resistant anticorrosive metal magnesium refining pot comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: 0.4% of C, 16% of Cr, 3% of Mn, 1.6% of Si, 0.1% of Ni, 0.02% of Mo, 0.6% of N, 0.01% of S, 0.01% of P, 0.12% of rare earth and the balance of Fe.
The preparation method of the refining pot adopts a method of vacuum pumping of a lost foam, namely, a casting method of the lost foam (expandable polystyrene resin beads) is utilized to obtain the integrated refining pot.
A preparation method of a magnesium metal refining pot comprises the following steps:
step 1, preparing a corresponding casting process according to material matching and design drawings (shown in figures 1 to 5) of an integrated casting refining kettle; preparing by adopting a lost foam model through vacuumizing; the charging sequence of the smelting furnace is as follows: heat-resistant steel → high-chromium iron → low-chromium iron → ferromanganese → ferrosilicon → ferromolybdenum → rare earth for smelting, introducing protective gas nitrogen in the smelting process, and casting after smelting; the casting temperature is 1615 ℃, the casting time is 30s, and the casting method is casting of a dead head on the side wall of the refining pot;
step 2, cleaning the casting body, and then putting the casting body into a heat treatment furnace for heating, wherein the heating temperature is 1050 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 1.8 hours; then putting the mixture into an oil pool for oil cooling:
step 3, polishing the round edge of the pot mouth, and then machining to remove a dead head;
and 4, finally, detecting whether the refining kettle is qualified through ultrasonic waves, and finally classifying and storing.
Example 2
A heat-resistant anticorrosive metal magnesium refining pot comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: 0.65% of C, 21% of Cr, 5% of Mn, 2.0% of Si, 0.2% of Ni, 0.03% of Mo, 1.2% of N, 0.018% of S, 0.018% of P, 0.2% of rare earth and the balance of Fe.
The preparation method of the refining pot adopts a method of vacuum pumping of a lost foam, namely, a casting method of the lost foam (expandable polystyrene resin beads) is utilized to obtain the integrated refining pot.
A preparation method of a magnesium metal refining pot comprises the following steps:
step 1, preparing a corresponding casting process according to material matching and design drawings (shown in figures 1 to 5) of an integrated casting refining kettle; preparing by adopting a lost foam model through vacuumizing; the charging sequence of the smelting furnace is as follows: heat-resistant steel → high-chromium iron → low-chromium iron → ferromanganese → ferrosilicon → ferromolybdenum → rare earth for smelting, introducing protective gas nitrogen in the smelting process, and casting after smelting; the casting temperature is 1625 ℃, the casting time is 50s, and the casting method is casting of a dead head on the side wall of the refining pot;
step 2, cleaning the casting body, and then putting the casting body into a heat treatment furnace for heating, wherein the heating temperature is 1100 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 2.5 hours; then putting the mixture into an oil pool for oil cooling:
step 3, polishing the round edge of the pot mouth, and then machining to remove a dead head;
and 4, finally, detecting whether the refining kettle is qualified through ultrasonic waves, and finally classifying and storing.
Example 3
A heat-resistant anticorrosive metal magnesium refining pot comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: 0.5% of C, 18% of Cr, 4% of Mn, 1.8% of Si, 0.15% of Ni, 0.025% of Mo, 1% of N, 0.015% of S, 0.015% of P, 0.16% of rare earth and the balance of Fe.
The preparation method of the refining pot adopts a method of vacuum pumping of a lost foam, namely, a casting method of the lost foam (expandable polystyrene resin beads) is utilized to obtain the integrated refining pot.
A preparation method of a magnesium metal refining pot comprises the following steps:
step 1, preparing a corresponding casting process according to material matching and design drawings (shown in figures 1 to 5) of an integrated casting refining kettle; preparing by adopting a lost foam model through vacuumizing; the charging sequence of the smelting furnace is as follows: heat-resistant steel → high-chromium iron → low-chromium iron → ferromanganese → ferrosilicon → ferromolybdenum → rare earth for smelting, introducing protective gas nitrogen in the smelting process, and casting after smelting; the casting temperature is 1620 ℃, the casting time is 40s, and the casting method is casting of a side wall riser of the refining pot;
step 2, cleaning the casting body, then placing the casting body into a heat treatment furnace for heating, wherein the heating temperature is 1080 ℃, and preserving heat for 2 hours; then putting the mixture into an oil pool for oil cooling:
step 3, polishing the round edge of the pot mouth, and then machining to remove a dead head;
and 4, finally, detecting whether the refining kettle is qualified through ultrasonic waves, and finally classifying and storing.
10 pieces of the integrated casting refining pot are produced by adopting the method of the embodiment 3, and industrial tests are carried out; the high temperature resistance of the refining pot manufactured by the method is not less than 800 ℃, the thermal creep property is not less than 0.05nm/h, the tracking structure shows that the refining pot manufactured by the method is safe and reliable in performance, after the refining pot is used for three months, deformation quantity is not more than 50nm through detecting defects such as air holes and cracks in the refining pot, the using effect is good, the safety and reliability of the refining pot in the using process are ensured, the using period is prolonged, the safety risk is reduced, the production cost is reduced, and the method has good popularization, use and development prospects.
Claims (2)
1. A heat-resistant anticorrosive magnesium metal refining kettle is characterized in that the heat-resistant anticorrosive magnesium metal refining kettle comprises the following chemical components: and C: 0.4% -0.65%, Cr: 16% -21%, Mn: 3% -5%, Si: 1.6% -2.0%, Ni: 0.1% -0.2%, Mo: 0.02% -0.03%, N: 0.6% -1.2%, S: <0.02%, P: <0.02%, rare earth: 0.12% -0.2% of Fe, and the balance of Fe;
the preparation method of the heat-resistant anticorrosive metal magnesium refining kettle comprises the following steps:
step 1: sequentially adding heat-resistant steel, high-chromium iron, low-chromium iron, ferromanganese, ferrosilicon, ferromolybdenum and rare earth into a smelting furnace for smelting, introducing protective gas nitrogen in the smelting process, and casting by adopting a lost foam model through vacuumizing after smelting to obtain a cast body; the casting method comprises the steps of casting the side wall riser, wherein the casting temperature is 1615-1625 ℃, and the casting time is 30-50 s;
step 2: carrying out heat treatment on the casting body, wherein the heat treatment temperature is 1050-1100 ℃, the time is 1.8-2.5 h, and carrying out oil cooling after the heat treatment;
and step 3: and (4) polishing the round edge of the pot mouth after oil cooling is finished, and then removing a riser by machining to obtain the heat-resistant anticorrosive metal magnesium refining pot.
2. A preparation method of a heat-resistant anticorrosive metal magnesium refining kettle is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: sequentially adding heat-resistant steel, high-chromium iron, low-chromium iron, ferromanganese, ferrosilicon, ferromolybdenum and rare earth into a smelting furnace for smelting, introducing protective gas nitrogen in the smelting process, and casting by adopting a lost foam model through vacuumizing after smelting to obtain a cast body; the casting method comprises the steps of casting the side wall riser, wherein the casting temperature is 1615-1625 ℃, and the casting time is 30-50 s;
step 2: carrying out heat treatment on the casting body, wherein the heat treatment temperature is 1050-1100 ℃, the time is 1.8-2.5 h, and carrying out oil cooling after the heat treatment;
and step 3: polishing the round edge of the pot mouth after oil cooling is finished, and then removing a riser by machining to obtain the heat-resistant anticorrosive metal magnesium refining pot, wherein the heat-resistant anticorrosive metal magnesium refining pot comprises the following chemical components: and C: 0.4% -0.65%, Cr: 16% -21%, Mn: 3% -5%, Si: 1.6% -2.0%, Ni: 0.1-0.2%, Mo: 0.02-0.03%, N: 0.6-1.2%, S: <0.02%, P: <0.02%, rare earth: 0.12-0.2%, and the balance of Fe.
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