CN108950089A - A method of prediction sweet potato nursery stage virosis shows disease rate and severity - Google Patents

A method of prediction sweet potato nursery stage virosis shows disease rate and severity Download PDF

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CN108950089A
CN108950089A CN201811019008.7A CN201811019008A CN108950089A CN 108950089 A CN108950089 A CN 108950089A CN 201811019008 A CN201811019008 A CN 201811019008A CN 108950089 A CN108950089 A CN 108950089A
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sweet potato
virosis
potato
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CN108950089B (en
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张振臣
赵付枚
王爽
田雨婷
乔奇
秦艳红
王永江
张德胜
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Institute of Plant Protection of Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences
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Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of methods that prediction sweet potato nursery stage virosis shows disease rate and severity, it is before sweet potato nursery, randomly select sweet potato potato seed sample, extract the total DNA and total serum IgE of potato seed sample, and the viral situation of PCR and RT-PCR method detection potato seed carrying is respectively adopted, the malicious rate of the band of the viral species and potato seed that are carried according to potato seed, predicts the aobvious disease rate and severity of sweet potato nursery stage virosis.Prediction technique of the present invention is obtained by a large amount of field trials, and it is verified by sweet potato nursery, actual result and predicted value are close, method is reliable, it can be suitable for existing sweet potato variety in the market, it is particularly suitable for quotient's potato 19, the early stage Accurate Prediction in sweet potato potato seed storage period to nursery stage disease occurrence risk is realized, provides early warning for the occurrence risk of Virus Diseases of Sweet Potato.The present invention can effectively reduce the business risk of potato seed seedling enterprise and the economic loss of sweet potato grower, be of great significance for the early warning and prevention and control level that improve China's Virus Diseases of Sweet Potato.

Description

A method of prediction sweet potato nursery stage virosis shows disease rate and severity
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of methods that prediction sweet potato nursery stage virosis shows disease rate and severity, belong to bioengineering skill Art field.
Background technique
Sweet potato is the important cereal crops in China and the health-care food for improving urban and rural residents' diet structure.Sweet potato at present And the dominant crop in China's agricultural sector structure adjustment and the important profit evaluation model industrial crops increased farmers' income.China is Maximum sweet potato producing country in the world, accounts for about the 45% of whole world cultivated area by 70,000,000 mu or so of long-term cultivated area.Virus Disease is the important disease of one kind on sweet potato, and yield of sweet potato can be caused to reduce and plant sexual involution, very big to sweet potato production harm.At present The whole world has reported that the virus for infecting sweet potato has more than 30, and the virus on China sweet potato mainly has following a few classes: (1) Potyvirus belongs to virus, mainly includes Sweet Potato Feathery Mottle Virus (SPFMV), sweet potato viruses C (SPVC), sweet potato viruses G (SPVG), sweet potato cryptovirus (SPLV), sweet potato viruses 2 (SPV2) etc..Can generally it cause according to kind difference Potyvirus virus The production loss of 5-94%;(2) sweet potato chlorotic stunt virus (SPCSV) infects the yield that can generally cause 15-88% after sweet potato Loss, and SPCSV can be formed with a variety of viruses and be assisted sick evil, cause more serious production loss, or even total crop failure;(3) sweet potato Geminivirus infection (Sweepoviruses).It infects Begomovirus (Begomovirus) virus of sweet potato and infects it The Begomovirus of its plant is significantly different, this viroid is referred to as " Sweepoviruses ".Sweepoviruses is sweet The important virus of one kind on potato, according to the tenth report of International Commission on Virus Classification (ICTV), Sweepoviruses includes 13 Kind, respectively sweet potato South Korea gold arteries and veins virus (SPGVKRV), sweet potato curve leaf disease virus (SPLCV), sweet potato Ghana benefit curve leaf disease virus (SPLCCV), sweet potato China curve leaf disease virus (SPLCCNV), sweet potato Georgia curve leaf disease virus (SPLCGV), sweet potato Guangxi leaf curl Malicious (SPLCGV), sweet potato Henan curve leaf disease virus (SPLCHnV), sweet potato Sichuan curve leaf disease virus 1 (SPLCSiV-1), sweet potato Sichuan are bent Mosaic virus 2 (SPLCSiV-2), sweet potato Sao Paulo curve leaf disease virus (SPLCSPV), sweet potato South Carolina curve leaf disease virus (SPLCSCV), sweet potato Uganda curve leaf disease virus (SPLCUV) and sweet potato mottle virus (SPMV).China at least has 8 kinds, Sweepoviruses, which infects sweet potato generally, can cause the production loss of 11-86%;(4) other viruses, such as cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) etc..
The prevention and treatment of Virus Diseases of Sweet Potato is mainly taken with " plantation health seedling " as the prevention and control strategy of core at present, is mainly arranged It applies including " potato seed early warning, nursery stage reject sick seedling as early as possible " etc..The main purpose of these measures is to reduce seedling stage disease The aobvious disease rate and severity of viral disease prevent aobvious disease seedling from planting into crop field, to reduce the aobvious disease rate and production loss of field period virosis. In order to achieve the above object, it needs to establish a kind of method that can predict sweet potato nursery stage virosis occurrence risk, is exactly in sweet potato A possibility that nursery stage virosis occurs before nursery and severity are predicted, are assessed virosis occurrence risk, right There are the potato seeds of greater risk to be handled in time, reaches the pathogenetic purpose of prevention and control sweet potato viruses, also can effectively reduce potato seed The business risk of seedling enterprise and the economic loss of sweet potato grower have the early warning and prevention and control level that improve China's Virus Diseases of Sweet Potato Significance.
Summary of the invention
In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of prediction sweet potato nursery stage virosis show disease rate and The method of severity, this method detect the viral situation of potato seed carrying before sweet potato nursery, the viral species carried according to potato seed With the malicious rate of band of potato seed, the aobvious disease rate and severity of sweet potato nursery stage virosis are predicted, to the generation wind of sweet potato seedling stage virosis Danger carries out early warning, provides effective means for the prevention and control of Virus Diseases of Sweet Potato.
To achieve the goals above, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is that:
A method of prediction sweet potato nursery stage virosis shows disease rate and severity is randomly selected sweet before sweet potato nursery Potato potato seed sample, extract potato seed sample total DNA and total serum IgE, and be respectively adopted PCR and RT-PCR method detection potato seed carry Viral situation, the malicious rate of the band of the viral species carried according to potato seed and potato seed, predict sweet potato nursery stage virosis aobvious disease rate and Severity.
Virus includes SPFMV, SPVC, SPVG, SPLV, SPV2, CMV, SPCSV and Sweepoviruses.
Before sweet potato nursery, the weight ratio for randomly selecting sweet potato potato seed test sample is 8-15%.
It is as follows that PCR and RT-PCR method detect specific primer used:
The reaction system of PCR are as follows: 2 × Premix Ex Taq, 10.0 μ L, 5pmol/L forward primer and reverse primer are each 2.0 μ L, 1.5 μ L, RNase-Free water of 100-400ng/ μ L DNA profiling complement to 20.0 μ L.
The response procedures of PCR are as follows: 95 DEG C of initial denaturation 5min;95 DEG C of denaturation 30s, 53-57 DEG C of annealing 30s, 72 DEG C extend 50s, 35 circulations;72 DEG C of extension 7min.
Predict that sweet potato nursery stage virosis shows the calculation formula of disease rate are as follows:
The aobvious disease of potato seed sample band poison rate × Virus-infested virosis that the virosis of prediction shows disease rate (%)=detection is general Rate.
The aobvious disease probability of Virus-infested virosis is 0.797.
The severity of sweet potato nursery stage virosis is that severe shows disease situation, severe in the virosis of prediction in sweet potato nursery stage The potato seed sample SPCSV and Potyvirus complex virus band poison rate of aobvious disease rate (%)=detection.
The invention has the advantages that:
The present invention be directed to infect China sweet potato main virus SPFMV, SPVC, SPVG, SPLV, SPV2, CMV, SPCSV and Sweepoviruses is directed to the specific primer of above-mentioned virus by designing, and the virus that potato seed carries is detected before sweet potato nursery Situation, the malicious rate of the band of the viral species carried according to potato seed and potato seed predict the aobvious disease rate of sweet potato nursery stage virosis and serious Degree, provides early warning for the occurrence risk of Virus Diseases of Sweet Potato.Prediction technique of the present invention is to be obtained by a large amount of field trials, and pass through Sweet potato nursery verifying, actual result and predicted value are close, and method is reliable, can be suitable for existing sweet potato variety in the market, especially It is suitable for quotient's potato 19, the early stage Accurate Prediction in sweet potato potato seed storage period to nursery stage disease occurrence risk is realized.This hair The economic loss of the bright business risk that can effectively reduce potato seed seedling enterprise and sweet potato grower, for improving the pre- of China's Virus Diseases of Sweet Potato Alert and prevention and control level is of great significance.
Specific embodiment
Specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to embodiments.Wen Zhong, Sweepo are The abbreviation of sweepoviruses.
The relationship of embodiment 1, the viral species that potato seed carries and nursery stage disease severity
1, material:
1.1 for try sweet potato potato seed: the present invention used in potato seed be prior year difference planting site harvest, be stored in potato cellar in Potato seed.Kind is quotient's potato 19 (S19), randomly selects the potato seed of 175 different plot harvests, is numbered, then uses scalpel Take potato wedge mid portion potato skin and its connected potato meat, wears into powdery with liquid nitrogen, be stored in -70 DEG C of ultra low temperature freezers and be used for Nucleic acid (DNA and RNA) extracts.
1.2 nursery: the potato wedge after sampling uses feeding block seedlings raising, and every one potato of alms bowl is placed in greenhouse, record potato wedge emergence Time, investigation sprout term disease show disease rate and severity.
2, design of primers and synthesis:
According to SPFMV, SPVC, SPVG, SPLV, SPV2, CMV, SPCSV and Sweepoviruses in NCBI GenBank Genome sequence carries out sequence comparison using DNAMAN software, designs the specific detection primer (table 1) of above-mentioned virus, primer It is synthesized by Sangon Biotech (Shanghai) Co., Ltd..
1. primer sequence of table and amplified fragments size
3, nucleic acid extraction and PCR/RT-PCR detection:
Total serum IgE, Ezup column are extracted using Plant Total RNA Purification Kit (Genemark, Taiwan) Formula plant genome DNA extraction agent box (Sheng Gong bioengineering limited liability company, Chinese Shanghai) extracts total DNA.Take RNA sample Product 800ng be template, using RevertAid Reverse Transcriptase kit (Thermo Scientific, USA) reverse transcription synthesizes the first chain of cDNA, and the above concrete operation step is carried out referring to corresponding kit specification.Respectively to close At cDNA and extraction total DNA be template, utilize Ex Taq archaeal dna polymerase (precious bioengineering Co., Ltd, DaLian, China) Carry out PCR amplification.Reaction system are as follows: 2 × Premix Ex Taq, 10.0 μ L, 5pmol/L forward primer and reverse primer each 2.0 μ L, 1.5 μ L, RNase-Free water of 100-400ng/ μ L total DNA (or cDNA) template complement to 20.0 μ L.Amplification program: 95 DEG C Initial denaturation 5min;95 DEG C of denaturation 30s, 53-57 DEG C of annealing 30s, 72 DEG C of extension 50s, 35 recycle;72 DEG C of extension 7min.With 1% Agarose gel electrophoresis detect amplified production, AlphaImager Mini (ProteinSimple, USA) gel imager see It examines, records testing result.
4, the sequence analysis of amplified fragments:
Pcr amplification product is after Cycle-Pure Kit (Omega Bio-tek, USA) purification and recovery, student on commission's work biology Engineering (Shanghai) limited liability company direct Sequencing.Gained sequence after sequencing is carried out with DNAMAN and BLAST online software It arranges and analyzes.The result shows that each virus nucleic acid segment sequence and corresponding virus sequence consistency that the present invention obtains exist 98% or more, illustrate that designed detection primer is specific primer.
5, seedling stage virosis is investigated: periodically being investigated after sweet potato emergence, disease severity is investigated as unit of potato wedge.Note Carry symptom type and disease rank.Virosis grade scale is as follows:
0 grade: plant is normal, and blade is without any symptom;
1 grade: shrinkage that plant part blade is slight or slight floral leaf;
3 grades: plant wholly or largely leaf-shrinkage, yellow or floral leaf, the bright arteries and veins symptom of young leaves is obvious, and plant is slightly short Change;
5 grades: plant complete stool blade becomes smaller, mild malformation, leaf-shrinkage, bright arteries and veins, or with yellow symptom, plant is obviously short Change;
7 grades: plant complete stool blade becomes smaller, the obvious deformity of blade, slight keratin, shrinkage, Ming Mai, or with yellow disease Shape, plant are seriously downgraded;
9 grades: plant complete stool blade becomes smaller, blade severe deformities, keratin, and shrinkage and bright arteries and veins are serious, there is leaf rolling, plants Strain is serious to be downgraded.
Virus-infested virosis is calculated as follows shows disease rate:
Aobvious disease probability (%)=virosis of Virus-infested virosis shows disease block number/Virus-infested total block data × 100
6, interpretation of result
The relationship of viral species and sweet potato seedling stage virosis severity that potato seed of the present invention carries is shown in Table 2.
The viral species and seedling stage morbidity severity relationship that 2. potato seed of table carries
As can be seen from Table 2:
(1) potato seed carries virus and is likely to that sweet potato nursery stage virosis is caused to show disease: the present invention carries out 175 potato seeds Viral diagnosis, wherein 153 potato seeds detections carry virus, and virus is not detected in 22 potato seeds, and potato seed band poison rate is 87.4% (153/175), the potato seedling growth of 122 potato seeds shows disease after 153 Virus-infested nursery, the potato seedling growth of 31 potato seeds does not show disease, therefore, The aobvious disease probability of Virus-infested potato seedling growth virosis is 79.7% (122/153).
(2) seedling stage severity of symptoms is relatively light when potato seed carries single virus: the present invention is detected altogether containing a kind of virus Potato wedge 73 of (containing SPCSV, SPFMV or Sweepoviruses), wherein the potato seedling growth of 28 potato wedges (38.4%) does not show virus Symptom, the potato seedling growth of 39 potato wedges (53.4%) show slight (1 grade) virus symptoms for arriving moderate (3-5 grades), 6 potato wedges (8.2%) potato seedling growth shows severe (7-9 grades) symptom.
(3) virus combination that potato seed carries influences the severity of seedling stage virosis symptom: the viral species that potato seed carries are got over More, seedling stage virosis symptom is more serious, and the Potyvirus virus such as especially SPCSV and SPFMV, SPVG, SPVC and SPLV is answered Conjunction is infected, and virosis severity can be dramatically increased.For example, the invention detects that 61 SPCSV and Potyvirus virus invade In dye combination, showing disease rate is 100%, and severity of symptoms is moderate (3-5 grades) or severe (7-9 grades).
In summary: 1. potato seed carries virus and is likely to cause the aobvious disease of sweet potato nursery stage potato seedling growth;2. potato seed carrying SPCSV, When SPFMV or Sweepoviruses etc. is a kind of viral, seedling stage severity of symptoms is mainly shown as slight (0-1 grades) or moderate (3- 5 grades);3. potato seed carries SPCSV and Potyvirus complex virus, seedling stage shows disease rate 100%, and severity of symptoms shows as moderate (3-5 grades) or severe (7-9 grades).
According to above-mentioned testing result, the sweet potato nursery stage virosis of prediction shows disease rate and severity (middle severe shows disease rate) Are as follows:
The aobvious disease of potato seed sample band poison rate × Virus-infested virosis that the virosis of prediction shows disease rate (%)=detection is general Rate
Severe shows the potato seed sample SPCSV and Potyvirus complex virus of disease rate (%)=detection in the virosis of prediction The malicious rate of band
Embodiment 2, a kind of prediction sweet potato nursery stage virosis show the application of disease rate and severity method
1, material: random respectively in the potato seed in different plot (Luoyang, Xuchang) from the two batches being stored in potato cellar For extraction section potato wedge as sample for viral diagnosis, kind is quotient's potato 19 (S19).First potato seed total amount about 400kg takes out altogether 15 potato wedges (about 7.5kg) are taken, amount of sampling accounts for about the 1.9% of total amount;Second batch potato seed total amount about 400kg, has extracted 92 altogether A potato wedge (about 46kg), amount of sampling account for about the 11.5% of total amount.The detection method of viral species is the same as embodiment 1.
2, nursery: using conventional method to above-mentioned two batches potato seed nursery in the greenhouse respectively.
3, Disease investigation: 30 days or so after potato seed nursery, the investigation of seedling stage incidence is carried out.Cell investigation uses 5 point types The disease severity of plant is investigated in sampling as unit of strain.Grade scale is the same as embodiment 1.
The virosis for calculating prediction as follows shows disease rate, severity and practical virosis and shows disease rate, severity:
The aobvious disease of potato seed sample band poison rate × Virus-infested virosis that the virosis of prediction shows disease rate (%)=detection is general Rate (with embodiment 1)
Actual virosis shows disease rate (%)=virosis and shows disease strain number/investigation total strain number × 100
Severe shows the potato seed sample SPCSV and Potyvirus complex virus of disease rate (%)=detection in the virosis of prediction The malicious rate of band
Severe shows disease rate (%)=middle severe virosis and shows disease strain number/investigation total strain number × 100 in actual virosis
4, interpretation of result
Potato seed seedling stage severity of symptoms investigation result of the present invention is shown in Table 3.
The investigation of 3. potato seed seedling stage severity of symptoms of table
As can be seen from Table 3:
(1) 15 potato wedges are randomly selected in first batch potato seed altogether, and through viral diagnosis, 7 potato wedges carry virus, and the malicious rate of band is 46.7% (7/15);SPCSV and Potyvirus complex virus band poison rate are 6.7% (1/15);According to the experiment knot of embodiment 1 Fruit, predicting that the virosis of this batch potato seed shows disease rate is 37.2% (46.7% × 0.797);Predict moderate (3-5 grades) or severe (7-9 grades) aobvious disease rates are 6.7%.
Nursery has been carried out to the potato seed of this batch, practical seedling stage Disease investigation the result shows that, investigation total strain number be 984 plants, In 0 grade 742 plants, 1 grade 212 plants, 30 plants of 3-5 grade, 0 plant of 7-9 grade.Practical virosis show disease rate be 24.6%, moderate (3-5 grades) or (7-9 grades) of severe aobvious disease rates are 3.0% (30/984), close with predicted value.
(2) 92 potato wedges are randomly selected in second lot potato seed altogether, and through viral diagnosis, 85 potato wedges carry virus, the malicious rate of band For 92.4% (85/92);SPCSV and Potyvirus complex virus band poison rate are 30.4% (28/92);According to the reality of embodiment 1 It tests as a result, predicting that the virosis of this batch potato seed shows disease rate is 73.6% (92.4% × 0.797);Moderate (3-5 grades) or severe (7-9 grades) aobvious disease rates are 30.4%.
Nursery has been carried out to the potato seed of this batch, practical seedling stage Disease investigation the result shows that, investigation total strain number be 2745 plants, In 0 grade 857 plants, 1 grade 323 plants, 1062 plants of 3-5 grade, 503 plants of 7-9 grade.Virosis show disease rate be 68.8%, moderate (3-5 grades) or (7-9 grades) of severe aobvious disease rates are 57.0% (1565/2745), close with predicted value, illustrate that prediction technique of the invention more may be used It leans on, prediction result has very high reference value.Bigger, the predicted value that can be seen that amount of sampling from two batch result of sampling inspection It is closer with actual value, comprehensively consider testing cost, workload and the requirement to precision of prediction, it is proposed that the amount of sampling of 8-15% Than convenient.
The foregoing is merely the optimal embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, the present invention can have Various modifications and variations.All within the spirits and principles of the present invention, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on, should all It is included within protection scope of the present invention.
Sequence table
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Claims (9)

1. a kind of method that prediction sweet potato nursery stage virosis shows disease rate and severity, which is characterized in that before sweet potato nursery, with Machine extracts sweet potato potato seed sample, extracts the total DNA and total serum IgE of potato seed sample, and PCR and RT-PCR method detection kind is respectively adopted The malicious rate of the band of the viral situation that potato carries, the viral species carried according to potato seed and potato seed, prediction sweet potato nursery stage virosis Aobvious disease rate and severity.
2. the method that prediction sweet potato nursery stage virosis according to claim 1 shows disease rate and severity, which is characterized in that Virus includes SPFMV, SPVC, SPVG, SPLV, SPV2, CMV, SPCSV and Sweepoviruses.
3. the method that prediction sweet potato nursery stage virosis according to claim 1 shows disease rate and severity, which is characterized in that Before sweet potato nursery, the weight ratio for randomly selecting sweet potato potato seed test sample is 8-15%.
4. the method that prediction sweet potato nursery stage virosis according to claim 1 shows disease rate and severity, which is characterized in that It is as follows that PCR and RT-PCR method detect specific primer used:
5. the method that prediction sweet potato nursery stage virosis according to claim 1 shows disease rate and severity, which is characterized in that The reaction system of PCR are as follows: 2 × Premix Ex Taq, 10.0 μ L, 5pmol/L forward primer and each 2.0 μ L of reverse primer, 100- 1.5 μ L, RNase-Free water of 400ng/ μ L DNA profiling complements to 20.0 μ L.
6. the method that prediction sweet potato nursery stage virosis according to claim 1 shows disease rate and severity, which is characterized in that The response procedures of PCR are as follows: 95 DEG C of initial denaturation 5min;95 DEG C of denaturation 30s, 53-57 DEG C of annealing 30s, 72 DEG C of extension 50s, 35 are followed Ring;72 DEG C of extension 7min.
7. the method that prediction sweet potato nursery stage virosis according to claim 1 shows disease rate and severity, which is characterized in that Predict that sweet potato nursery stage virosis shows the calculation formula of disease rate are as follows:
The virosis of prediction shows the aobvious disease probability of potato seed sample band poison rate × Virus-infested virosis of disease rate (%)=detection.
8. the method that prediction sweet potato nursery stage virosis according to claim 7 shows disease rate and severity, which is characterized in that The aobvious disease probability of Virus-infested virosis is 0.797.
9. the method that prediction sweet potato nursery stage virosis according to claim 1 shows disease rate and severity, which is characterized in that The severity of sweet potato nursery stage virosis is that severe shows disease situation in sweet potato nursery stage, and severe shows disease rate in the virosis of prediction The potato seed sample SPCSV and Potyvirus complex virus band poison rate of (%)=detection.
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CN113462814A (en) * 2021-05-21 2021-10-01 中国热带农业科学院热带生物技术研究所 RPA primer, probe, kit and detection method for detecting sweet potato golden vein virus

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