CN108949346B - Tea oil refining improvement method - Google Patents
Tea oil refining improvement method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108949346B CN108949346B CN201810986305.2A CN201810986305A CN108949346B CN 108949346 B CN108949346 B CN 108949346B CN 201810986305 A CN201810986305 A CN 201810986305A CN 108949346 B CN108949346 B CN 108949346B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B3/00—Refining fats or fatty oils
- C11B3/001—Refining fats or fatty oils by a combination of two or more of the means hereafter
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B1/00—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials
- C11B1/02—Pretreatment
- C11B1/04—Pretreatment of vegetable raw material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B1/00—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials
- C11B1/06—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials by pressing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B3/00—Refining fats or fatty oils
- C11B3/008—Refining fats or fatty oils by filtration, e.g. including ultra filtration, dialysis
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B3/00—Refining fats or fatty oils
- C11B3/02—Refining fats or fatty oils by chemical reaction
- C11B3/06—Refining fats or fatty oils by chemical reaction with bases
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B3/00—Refining fats or fatty oils
- C11B3/10—Refining fats or fatty oils by adsorption
Abstract
The invention discloses an improved tea oil refining method, which comprises the steps of squeezing crude oil, decoloring, filtering, winterizing, degumming, alkali refining, heating, filtering and deodorizing, wherein the decoloring comprises the following steps: (1) dehydrating the crude oil to obtain dehydrated crude oil; (2) adding the dehydrated crude oil into a decoloring pot, and then adding activated carbon and tea seed powder, wherein the granularity of the activated carbon is smaller than that of the tea seed powder, and the weight ratio of the dehydrated crude oil to the activated carbon to the tea seed powder is 1000:1-3:8-12 to obtain a crude oil mixture; (3) standing the crude oil mixture to obtain a crude oil mixture to be filtered; the squeezing crude oil comprises preheating, drying, husking and squeezing, wherein husking is only carried out on dried tea seeds of 1/2-4/5, and tea shells of the rest dried tea seeds are reserved. The invention can better treat the active carbon in the decoloring process, simplify the filtering treatment mode after decoloring and prevent the presser from smoldering.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of edible oil processing, in particular to an improved tea oil refining method.
Background
The tea oil is also called camellia oil, wild camellia oil, camellia seed oil and tea oil tree seed oil. Camellia is a special product in the region of Dabie mountain, middle part of Fujian (in the middle of Fujian), Shangfu Shangxi, etc. in China, and high-quality camellia oil, namely tea oil, can be extracted from the fruits of the camellia. The content of unsaturated fatty acid in tea oil is up to 90%, which is the highest in the current edible oil, and the unsaturated fatty acid contained in the edible oil is an indispensable substance for human body, because the unsaturated fatty acid can not be synthesized in human body by itself and must be supplied by food. Therefore, a proper amount of unsaturated fatty acid needs to be taken by a human body every day, and the supply of the unsaturated fatty acid is sufficient, so that the human skin is tender and moist, and the hair is black and bright.
The tea oil processing technology is commonly used in two types, one is a squeezing method, seeds of tea trees are taken, and then oil pressing and filtering treatment are carried out; and the other is subcritical extraction, and the processing method comprises the steps of shelling low-moisture tea seeds, crushing, embryo binding, subcritical low-temperature extraction and refining. In the squeezing process, the tea oil is usually decolorized by using activated carbon, but the activated carbon often adsorbs excessive pigments and increases the difficulty of filtering treatment after decolorization.
Document CN106221895A discloses a preparation method of high-quality edible tea oil, in which a molecular sieve and activated carbon mixed decolorant is added in the decoloring treatment to enhance the adsorption effect, but the method does not solve the problems that the activated carbon adsorbs too much pigment and increases the difficulty of the decoloring filtration treatment.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide an improved tea oil refining method, which can better treat activated carbon in a decoloring process, simplify a filtering treatment mode after decoloring and prevent a presser from slipping.
The invention comprises squeezing crude oil, decoloring, filtering, winterizing, degumming, alkali refining, heating, filtering and deodorizing, wherein the decoloring comprises the following steps:
(1) firstly, dehydrating crude oil, wherein the dehydration comprises stirring for 3-5 hours at 80-90 ℃ to obtain dehydrated crude oil;
preferably, the stirring time is 4 hours and the temperature is 85 ℃.
(2) Adding the dehydrated crude oil into a decoloring pot, and then adding activated carbon and tea seed powder, wherein the particle size of the activated carbon is 200-400 meshes, the particle size of the tea seed powder is 150-200 meshes, and the weight ratio of the dehydrated crude oil to the activated carbon to the tea seed powder is 1000:1-3:8-12, so as to obtain a crude oil mixture;
preferably, the size of the activated carbon is 300 meshes, the size of the tea seed powder is 200 meshes, and the weight ratio of the dehydrated crude oil, the activated carbon and the tea seed powder is 1000:2: 10.
Wherein, the size of the tea seed powder is larger than that of the active carbon so as to avoid the active carbon from adsorbing the tea seed powder.
(3) Standing the crude oil mixture at 25-35 deg.C for 1.5-2.5 hr.
Preferably, the crude oil mixture is allowed to stand at 30 ℃ for 2 hours.
In the process of decolorization, activated carbon is usually adopted to adsorb pigments in the tea oil; sometimes, in order to enhance the adsorption effect, activated carbon is used in combination with other adsorbents, such as activated clay and molecular sieves, to improve the adsorption effect. That is, in the decolorization process, those skilled in the art generally consider how to enhance the adsorption, and rarely consider how to make the filtration of the decolorized adsorbent easier and more efficient.
In the decoloring step of the invention, the tea seed powder added together with the active carbon does not belong to an adsorbent; therefore, the tea seed powder does not absorb, but the active carbon is condensed in the tea seed powder in the condensation process, the particle size of the active carbon is increased through phase change, and the filtration of the active carbon is simpler. From the technical means for increasing the particle size of the activated carbon and the technical problems to be solved, the conventional decolorization treatment method does not suggest any related technology for the present invention.
In addition, in order to avoid the activated carbon entering the next process, the activated carbon is usually removed by plate-and-frame filtration, but in this way, a plasticizer is added to the crude oil, and the activated carbon absorbs excessive pigments. And the tea seed powder is added into the active carbon, so that the filtering mode is simplified, and the filtering effect is better by using a filter cloth bag or a blade.
In the process of squeezing crude oil, the conventional technical means of those skilled in the art is to subject all the tea seeds to a shelling treatment and then squeeze to obtain crude oil. The invention only carries out husking treatment on the dried tea seeds of 1/2-4/5, and leaves the tea shells of the rest dried tea seeds, and the function of the invention is as follows:
1. the tea seeds peeled and not peeled in the proportion can form certain pressure in a squeezer, so that smoldering can be prevented, and squeezing efficiency is improved;
2. the tea seed shells contain about 30% of pentosan, the pentosan can be diffused in the crude oil when the tea seed shells are pressed by a presser, the pentosan is hydrolyzed to generate pentose under the acidic condition that the pH value of the crude oil is 2.0, and the pentose is dehydrated and cyclized to generate furfural together with the crude oil. The furfural is colorless and transparent oil-filled liquid, is easy to polymerize into resin under the action of heat and inorganic acid, and the resin furfural is matched with the tea seed powder to strengthen the coagulation effect of the tea seed powder and ensure that the active carbon is firmly coagulated in the tea seed powder; and no furfural is added, the condensation effect of the tea seed powder is not obvious by only using the tea seed powder, and the active carbon is still mixed in the filtered crude oil after the filtering by using the filter cloth bag.
The preparation method of the tea seed powder comprises the following steps:
(1) placing the tea cake into a grinder, and carrying out primary grinding treatment to obtain primary tea seed powder with the size of 40-60 meshes;
preferably, the size of the primary tea seed powder is 50 mesh.
(2) Drying the primary tea seed powder by a flat plate dryer at the drying temperature of 90-100 ℃ for 1.5-2.5 hours to obtain dried tea seed powder;
preferably, the drying temperature is 100 ℃ and the drying time is 2 hours.
(3) And (3) putting the dried tea seed powder into a crusher for fine crushing treatment to obtain the tea seed powder with the size of 150-200 meshes.
Preferably, the size of the tea seed powder is 200 meshes.
The treatment of the pressed crude oil comprises the following steps:
(1) tea oil raw material selection: selecting fresh oil tea fruits before and after frost fall or cold dew for half a month;
(2) tea fruit treatment: spreading the ripe oil tea fruits for natural airing, airing until the shells automatically crack, and separating to obtain tea seeds with shells;
(3) preheating: preheating tea seeds by using a drying tower at the preheating temperature of 30-40 ℃, and removing impurities such as empty shells, branches and the like to obtain preheated tea seeds;
preferably, the preheating temperature is 35 ℃.
(4) Color selection: the preheated tea seeds are conveyed to an indoor color selector from an external drying tower through a conveying belt, color selection is carried out through the color selector, mildew fruits and yellow particles in tea kernels are picked out, the possibility of aflatoxin generation is effectively removed, and the color-selected tea seeds are obtained;
(5) vibrating screen and stoner: further removing impurities from the color-selected tea seeds by using a vibrating screen and a stone remover, and removing specific shoulder stones with dust and particles as same as the tea seeds in size to obtain impurity-removed tea seeds;
(6) drying: drying the tea seeds subjected to impurity removal by using a flat plate dryer, controlling the steam pressure at 55-65 ℃, driving the tea seeds to pass through the whole flat plate dryer by using a scraper for 1.5-2.5 hours, and obtaining dried tea seeds after the tea seeds are dried and the water content of the tea seeds is 5-10%;
preferably, the drying temperature is 60 ℃, the drying time is 2 hours, and the water content of the tea seeds is 7%.
(7) Husking: peeling dried tea seeds by using a peeling machine, only peeling the dried tea seeds of 1/2-4/5 and keeping the tea shells of the residual dried tea seeds, wherein the peeled tea seeds are exposed to form tea kernels;
preferably, only 2/3 tea seeds are subjected to the husking treatment, and 1/3 tea seed tea shells are retained.
(8) Squeezing: conveying tea seeds to be squeezed into a screw type squeezer, separating tea oil from the tea seeds in a physical squeezing mode, and enabling the tea seeds to enter the squeezer at the temperature of 55-65 ℃ to obtain a crude oil semi-finished product;
preferably, the tea seed entering the press is at a temperature of 60 ℃.
(9) And (3) filtering: filtering the crude oil semi-finished product with 2 leaf filters to obtain crude oil with golden color, strong tea oil fragrance and pH value of 1.8-2.4.
Preferably, the pH is 2.0.
The filtration comprises blade filtration and cloth bag filtration.
Preferably, the filtration is carried out by using a filter cloth bag, the filtration step is simplified and the production cost is reduced.
The winterization comprises standing at 2-5 deg.C for 20-28 hr, and separating out wax from tea oil by low temperature crystallization.
Preferably, the winterization standing temperature is 4 ℃, and the winterization standing time is 24 hours.
The degumming comprises adding saline water with the weight of 5-15% of that of the winterized product at the temperature of 75-85 ℃, wherein the mass concentration of the saline water is 8-12%, and stirring for 3-5 hours to remove phospholipid, trace heavy metals, protein, saccharides and some heat-sensitive pigments.
Preferably, the degumming temperature is 80 ℃, the weight of the added saline water is 10% of the weight of the winterized product, the mass concentration of the saline water is 10%, and the stirring time is 4 hours.
The alkali refining comprises adding edible sodium hydroxide solid with the weight of 1-3 ‰ of that of degummed product at 35-40 deg.C, stirring for 5-7 hr, and neutralizing free fatty acid in tea oil and reducing the content of free fatty acid by adding alkali.
Preferably, the temperature of the alkali refining is 40 ℃, the weight of the sodium hydroxide solid is 2 per mill of the weight of the degummed product, and the stirring time is 6 hours.
The temperature for heating and filtering is 110-130 ℃, so as to avoid that the tea oil at 40 ℃ after alkali refining is directly added into a 190 ℃ deodorization container, and the temperature difference is too large to cause violent reaction in the container.
Preferably, the temperature for the filtration is 120 ℃.
The deodorization comprises that the deodorization is carried out at the temperature of 180 ℃ and 200 ℃ and under the negative pressure of 0.08-0.10MPa, and odor substances and triglyceride in the grease are separated by utilizing the environment of high temperature and vacuum.
Preferably, the deodorization temperature is 190 ℃ and the pressure is-0.10 MPa.
The invention has the advantages that the decoloring agent mixed by the active carbon and the tea seed powder is added in the decoloring treatment, and the filtering can be finished only by the filter cloth bag after the decoloring, thereby simplifying the filtering step, not only avoiding the plasticizer, but also having better filtering effect; the furfural generated after the tea shell is squeezed can improve the condensation force of the tea seed powder for condensing the active carbon, so that no active carbon is filtered out after the filtration; beneficial chemical components in the tea seed powder can be dissolved out in the decoloring treatment, and meanwhile, pigments can be dissolved out, so that the pigments adsorbed by the activated carbon can be supplemented, the fragrance can be supplemented, and the product quality can be improved; by controlling the proportion of the husked tea seeds and the non-husked tea seeds, the tea seeds to be squeezed can form certain pressure in the squeezer, and the squeezer can be prevented from slipping.
Detailed Description
Example 1
(1) Selecting 5kg of fresh oil tea fruits in half a month before and after frost fall or cold dew;
(2) spreading the ripe oil tea fruits for natural airing, airing until the shells automatically crack, and separating to obtain tea seeds with shells;
(3) preheating tea seeds by using a drying tower at the preheating temperature of 35 ℃, and removing impurities such as empty shells, branches and the like to obtain preheated tea seeds;
(4) the preheated tea seeds are conveyed to an indoor color selector from an external drying tower through a conveying belt, color selection is carried out through the color selector, mildew fruits and yellow particles in tea kernels are picked out, the possibility of aflatoxin generation is effectively removed, and the color-selected tea seeds are obtained;
(5) further removing impurities from the color-selected tea seeds by using a vibrating screen and a stone remover, and removing specific shoulder stones with dust and particles as same as the tea seeds in size to obtain impurity-removed tea seeds;
(6) drying the tea seeds subjected to impurity removal by using a flat plate dryer, controlling the steam pressure at 60 ℃, driving the tea seeds to pass through the whole flat plate dryer by using a scraper for 2 hours, and obtaining the dried tea seeds, wherein the water content of the tea seeds after the drying treatment is 7%;
(7) peeling dried tea seeds by using a peeling machine, only peeling 2/3 dried tea seeds after the peeled tea seeds are exposed to produce tea kernels, and reserving the residual 1/3 dried tea seed shells to obtain the tea seeds to be squeezed;
(8) conveying tea seeds to be squeezed into a screw type squeezer, separating tea oil from the tea seeds in a physical squeezing mode, and enabling the tea seeds to enter the squeezer at the temperature of 60 ℃ to obtain a crude oil semi-finished product;
(9) filtering the preliminary squeezed crude oil by 2 leaf filters, wherein the crude oil formed at the time is golden yellow in color and luster, has rich tea oil fragrance and has a pH value of 2.0 to obtain crude oil;
(10) dehydrating the crude oil, wherein the dehydration comprises stirring for 4 hours, and controlling the temperature at 85 ℃ to obtain dehydrated crude oil;
(11) adding the dehydrated crude oil into a decoloring pot, and then adding 10g of active carbon with the granularity of 300 meshes and 50g of tea seed powder with the granularity of 200 meshes to obtain a crude oil mixture;
(12) standing the crude oil mixture at 30 ℃ for 2 hours, and filtering by using a blade to obtain filtered crude oil;
(13) winterizing the filtered crude oil, wherein the winterizing temperature is 4 ℃, and the standing time is 24 hours to obtain winterized crude oil;
(14) degumming the winterized crude oil at the degumming temperature of 80 ℃, adding 10% of salt water by weight, 10% of the mass concentration of the salt water by weight, and stirring for 4 hours to obtain the degummed crude oil;
(15) carrying out alkali refining treatment on the degummed crude oil, wherein the temperature of the alkali refining is 40 ℃, the weight of the added sodium hydroxide solid is 2 per mill of the weight of the degummed crude oil, and the stirring time is 6 hours to obtain the alkali refined crude oil;
(16) filtering the alkali refined crude oil by using a blade, and raising the temperature of the crude oil to 120 ℃ after filtering to obtain heated crude oil;
(17) deodorizing the heated crude oil at 190 deg.C under-0.10 MPa to obtain refined oleum Camelliae.
Comparative example 1
The experimental procedure of comparative example 1 was identical to that of example 1, except that no tea seed powder was added in step (11).
Comparative example 2
The experimental procedure of comparative example 2 was identical to that of example 1, except that the particle size of the tea seed powder in step (11) was changed from 200 mesh to 350 mesh.
Comparative example 3
The experimental procedure of comparative example 3 was identical to that of example 1, except that the weight of the tea seed powder in step (11) was changed from 50g to 100 g.
Comparative example 4
The experimental procedure of comparative example 4 was identical to that of example 1, except that the weight of the tea seed powder in step (11) was changed from 50g to 25 g.
TABLE 1 influence of tea seed powder on the quality of refined tea oil
Experiments show that the tea seed powder is not added in the comparative example 1, the refined tea oil has light color, high acid value and lower content of monounsaturated fatty acid; in the comparative example 2, the particle size of the tea seed powder is smaller than that of the activated carbon, and the activated carbon influences the tea seed powder, so that the data performance of refined tea oil is not as good as that of the example 1; compared with the comparative example 3, the data of the refined tea oil is better than that of the example 1 by excessively adding the tea seed powder, the color is darker, and the tea oil tastes rancid; in comparative example 4, only a small amount of tea seed powder was added, and each data was slightly insufficient.
In conclusion, the overall evaluation of the example 1 is best, so that the mouthfeel of the refined tea oil is ensured, and the values of all standard items are optimal. Therefore, the particle size of the tea oil seeds needs to be larger than that of the activated carbon so as to avoid the excessive influence of the activated carbon on the action of the tea oil seeds; the weight ratio of the dehydrated crude oil, the active carbon and the tea seed powder is preferably 1000:2: 10.
Example 2
(1) Selecting 5kg of fresh oil tea fruits in half a month before and after frost fall or cold dew;
(2) spreading the ripe oil tea fruits for natural airing, airing until the shells automatically crack, and separating to obtain tea seeds with shells;
(3) preheating tea seeds by using a drying tower at the preheating temperature of 40 ℃, and removing impurities such as empty shells, branches and the like to obtain preheated tea seeds;
(4) the preheated tea seeds are conveyed to an indoor color selector from an external drying tower through a conveying belt, color selection is carried out through the color selector, mildew fruits and yellow particles in tea kernels are picked out, the possibility of aflatoxin generation is effectively removed, and the color-selected tea seeds are obtained;
(5) further removing impurities from the color-selected tea seeds by using a vibrating screen and a stone remover, and removing specific shoulder stones with dust and particles as same as the tea seeds in size to obtain impurity-removed tea seeds;
(6) drying the tea seeds subjected to impurity removal by using a flat plate dryer, controlling the steam pressure at 65 ℃, driving the tea seeds to pass through the whole flat plate dryer by using a scraper for 2.5 hours, and obtaining the dried tea seeds after the tea seeds are dried and the water content of the tea seeds is 5%;
(7) peeling dried tea seeds by using a peeling machine, only peeling 7/10 dried tea seeds after the peeled tea seeds are exposed to produce tea kernels, and reserving the residual 3/10 dried tea seed shells to obtain the tea seeds to be squeezed;
(8) conveying tea seeds to be squeezed into a screw type squeezer, separating tea oil from the tea seeds in a physical squeezing mode, and enabling the tea seeds to enter the squeezer at the temperature of 65 ℃ to obtain a crude oil semi-finished product;
(9) filtering the preliminary squeezed crude oil by 2 leaf filters, wherein the crude oil formed at the time is golden yellow in color and luster, has rich tea oil fragrance and has a pH value of 1.9 to obtain crude oil;
(10) dehydrating the crude oil, wherein the dehydration comprises stirring for 5 hours, and controlling the temperature at 90 ℃ to obtain dehydrated crude oil;
(11) adding the dehydrated crude oil into a decoloring pot, and then adding 15g of active carbon with the granularity of 300 meshes and 60g of tea seed powder with the granularity of 200 meshes to obtain a crude oil mixture;
(12) standing the crude oil mixture at 35 deg.C for 2.5 hr, and filtering with leaf to obtain filtered crude oil;
(13) winterizing the filtered crude oil, wherein the winterizing temperature is 5 ℃, and the standing time is 28 hours, so as to obtain winterized crude oil;
(14) degumming the winterized crude oil at the degumming temperature of 85 ℃, adding saline water with the weight being 15% of that of the winterized crude oil, wherein the mass concentration of the saline water is 12%, and stirring for 5 hours to obtain the degummed crude oil;
(15) carrying out alkali refining treatment on the degummed crude oil, wherein the temperature of the alkali refining is 40 ℃, the weight of the added sodium hydroxide solid is 3 per mill of the weight of the degummed crude oil, and the stirring time is 7 hours to obtain the alkali refined crude oil;
(16) filtering the alkali refined crude oil by using a blade, and raising the temperature of the crude oil to 130 ℃ after filtering to obtain heated crude oil;
(17) deodorizing the heated crude oil at 200 deg.C under-0.10 MPa to obtain refined oleum Camelliae.
Comparative example 5
The experimental procedure of comparative example 5 was identical to that of example 2, except that all of the dried tea seeds in step (7) were subjected to a husking treatment.
Experiments show that the tea shells of the dried tea seeds are not reserved, and the squeezer frequently slips and is incompletely squeezed in the actual squeezing process, so that the squeezing efficiency is influenced; in addition, the crude filtered oil obtained in step (12) of comparative example 5 contains a small amount of activated carbon, while the crude filtered oil of example 2 does not contain impurities, indicating that tea hulls have an accelerating effect on the filtration process using tea seed powder.
Claims (1)
1. An improved method for refining tea oil is characterized by comprising the steps of squeezing crude oil, decoloring, filtering, winterizing, degumming, alkali refining, heating, filtering and deodorizing,
dehydrating the crude oil, wherein the dehydration comprises stirring for 4 hours, and controlling the temperature at 85 ℃ to obtain dehydrated crude oil;
adding the dehydrated crude oil into a decoloring pot, and then adding 10g of activated carbon with the granularity of 300 meshes and 50g of tea seed powder with the granularity of 200 meshes to obtain a crude oil mixture, wherein the weight ratio of the dehydrated crude oil to the activated carbon to the tea seed powder is 1000:2: 10;
standing the crude oil mixture at 30 ℃ for 2 hours, and filtering by using a blade to obtain filtered crude oil;
winterizing the filtered crude oil, wherein the winterizing temperature is 4 ℃, and the standing time is 24 hours to obtain winterized crude oil;
degumming the winterized crude oil at the degumming temperature of 80 ℃, adding 10% of salt water by weight, 10% of the mass concentration of the salt water by weight, and stirring for 4 hours to obtain the degummed crude oil;
carrying out alkali refining treatment on the degummed crude oil, wherein the temperature of the alkali refining is 40 ℃, the weight of the added sodium hydroxide solid is 2 per mill of the weight of the degummed crude oil, and the stirring time is 6 hours to obtain the alkali refined crude oil;
filtering the alkali refined crude oil by using a blade, and raising the temperature of the crude oil to 120 ℃ after filtering to obtain heated crude oil;
deodorizing the heated crude oil at 190 ℃ under-0.10 MPa to obtain refined tea oil;
the squeezing crude oil comprises preheating, drying, husking and squeezing, wherein the husking only husks 2/3 dried tea seeds and remains the tea shells of the rest dried tea seeds;
the preparation method of the tea seed powder comprises the following steps:
(1) placing the tea cake into a grinder, and carrying out primary grinding treatment to obtain primary tea seed powder with the size of 40-60 meshes;
(2) drying the primary tea seed powder by a flat plate dryer at the drying temperature of 90-100 ℃ for 1.5-2.5 hours to obtain dried tea seed powder;
(3) and (3) putting the dried tea seed powder into a grinder, and carrying out fine grinding treatment to obtain the tea seed powder with the size of 200 meshes.
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