Disclosure of Invention
In order to avoid collisions between adjacent buoyant bodies when the water level changes, it is an object of the invention to provide a mooring system comprising:
the buoyancy piece floats on the water surface, and the bottom of the buoyancy piece is provided with a hanging piece with a through hole;
a self-mooring line having a first end anchored to a first region of the water bottom;
the first end of the outer mooring cable is anchored in a second area of the water bottom, the second end of the outer mooring cable penetrates through the through hole in the hanging piece, and the second end of the outer mooring cable is connected with the second end of the self-mooring cable through a spring mechanism;
and the first end of the longitudinal mooring cable is fixedly connected to the hanging piece, and the other end of the longitudinal mooring cable is fixedly connected to the floating body to be moored and fixed.
Preferably, the hanging piece is hung at the bottom of the buoyancy piece through an intermediate connecting mechanism, and the hanging piece and the buoyancy piece can rotate relatively along a vertical shaft.
Preferably, the middle connecting mechanism is a multi-section chain connected by a rotary connecting buckle.
Preferably, the self-mooring line and the outer mooring line are connected to form a tensioned mooring line, and the mooring system further comprises at least one winch for winding and releasing the tensioned mooring line.
Preferably, the spring mechanism is a double-layer spring sleeve, the mooring system further comprises a suspended weight body fixedly arranged on an outer cylinder of the spring sleeve, the winch comprises one unit and is installed in the suspended weight body, a second end of the outer mooring cable is connected with an inner cylinder of the spring sleeve, and a second end of the self mooring cable is wound on the winch or is connected to the outer cylinder of the spring sleeve after being wound on the winch.
Preferably, the spring mechanism is a double-layer spring sleeve, the mooring system further comprises a suspended weight body fixedly arranged on an outer cylinder of the spring sleeve, the winch comprises one and is installed in the suspended weight body, the second end of the self-mooring cable is connected with the inner cylinder of the spring sleeve, and the second end of the external mooring cable is wound on the winch or is connected to the outer cylinder of the spring sleeve after being wound on the winch.
Preferably, the winch is anchored in the first area, and the first end of the self-mooring cable is wound on the winch; or the winch is anchored in the second area, and the first end of the outer mooring cable is wound on the winch.
Preferably, the tensioning mooring line further comprises a controller for controlling the winch and a tension sensor arranged on the tensioning mooring line, and when the tension detected by the tension sensor is lower than a preset tension range, the controller controls the winch to wind the tensioning mooring line; and when the pulling force detected by the pulling force sensor exceeds a preset pulling force range, the controller controls the winch to release the tensioning mooring cable.
Preferably, a cement base is arranged in the first area, the first end of the self-mooring cable is anchored on the cement base through a gravity anchor chain, and/or the first end of the outer mooring cable is anchored on the water bottom through a gravity anchor chain.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a floating photovoltaic power plant, comprising a floating body with a solar panel mounted thereon, and a mooring system for mooring and fixing the floating body, wherein the mooring system is the mooring system disclosed in any one of the above.
In the mooring system disclosed in the invention, the self-mooring line, the spring mechanism and the external mooring line actually form a variable-length tensioning mooring line, the tensioning mooring line forms a triangle through the first region, the second region and the fixed support of the hanging piece, the stability of the whole mooring system is ensured, and the tensioning mooring line fixes a floating body floating on the water surface through the hanging piece and the longitudinal mooring line.
If a floating body floating on the water surface is to be stably moored, the key point is that the tensioning mooring line is always in a tensioning state, when the water level rises, the buoyancy piece drives the hanging piece to rise, the hanging piece gives an upward tension to the tensioning mooring line, and under the action of the tension, the spring mechanism is stretched, so that the length variation of the tensioning mooring line in the rising process of the hanging piece can be compensated, and in the process, the tensioning mooring line is always in the tensioning state, so that the floating body is stably moored; when the water level descends, the height of the buoyancy piece descends, meanwhile, the hanging piece connected with the buoyancy piece also descends, the pulling force for tensioning the mooring rope is reduced, and the spring mechanism contracts to ensure that the tensioning mooring rope is always in a tensioned state, so that the floating body is stably moored.
Therefore, the mooring system disclosed by the invention can always keep stable mooring of the floating body in the water level rising and falling processes, solves the problem of overlarge displacement of the floating body when the water level changes, and ensures the safety of the floating body.
Detailed Description
One of the cores of the invention is to provide a mooring system so as to effectively avoid collision between adjacent floating bodies when the water level changes and protect the safety of the floating bodies.
Another core of the invention is to provide a floating photovoltaic power plant using the mooring system.
In order that those skilled in the art will better understand the disclosure, the invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1, a solid line portion in fig. 1 represents a schematic view of the entire mooring system at a high water level, and a dashed line portion in fig. 1 represents a schematic view of the entire mooring system at a low water level.
The mooring system disclosed in the embodiment of the invention comprises a buoyancy member 1, a self-mooring cable 3, an external mooring cable 4 and a longitudinal mooring cable 6, wherein the buoyancy member 1 floats on the water surface, the shape of the buoyancy member is not limited, and the buoyancy member can be in a disc shape, a cylinder shape or any other shape, in the embodiment, the buoyancy member 1 preferably adopts a cylinder-shaped structure, which can be called a buoyancy cylinder, as shown in fig. 1; the bottom of the buoyancy piece 1 is provided with a hanging piece 2 with a through hole, the shape of the hanging piece 2 is also not limited, the hanging piece 2 in the embodiment is in a disc shape, the first end of the self-mooring cable 3 is anchored in a first area at the bottom of the water, the first end of the outer mooring cable 4 is anchored in a second area at the bottom of the water, wherein the first area and the second area are two different areas, as shown in fig. 1, after the second end of the outer mooring cable 4 passes through the through hole on the hanging piece 2, the second end of the self-mooring cable 3 is connected through a spring mechanism 5, the first end of the longitudinal mooring cable 6 is fixed on the hanging piece 2, and the other end of the longitudinal mooring cable is fixedly connected on a floating body 7 to.
The material selection of the self-mooring lines 3 and the outer mooring lines 4 is not exclusive as long as the tensile strength meets the requirement, and the self-mooring lines 3, the outer mooring lines 4 and the longitudinal mooring lines 6 in the embodiment of the invention can be polyester lines.
As can be seen with reference to fig. 1, the self-mooring lines 3, the spring means 5 and the outer mooring lines 4 in fact form a taut mooring line of variable length, which forms a triangle with the first and second regions and the attachment and support of the suspension member 2, ensuring the stability of the entire mooring system, and which secures a buoyant body 7 floating on the water surface with the suspension member 2 and the longitudinal mooring lines 6.
It is understood that if the floating body 7 floating on the water surface is to be moored stably, the tightening mooring line is in a tightening state all the time, the mooring system disclosed by the invention has the advantages that when the water level rises, the buoyancy piece 1 drives the hanging piece 2 to rise, the hanging piece 2 gives upward tension to the tightening mooring line, and under the action of the tension, the spring mechanism 5 is stretched, so that the length variation of the tightening mooring line in the rising process of the hanging piece 2 can be compensated, and in the process, the tightening mooring line is in a tightening state all the time, so that the floating body 7 is moored stably; when the water level descends, the height of the buoyancy piece 1 descends, meanwhile, the hanging piece 2 connected with the buoyancy piece also descends, the pulling force for tensioning the mooring line is reduced, and the spring mechanism 5 is contracted at the moment to ensure that the tensioning mooring line is always in a tensioned state, so that the floating body 7 is stably moored.
The condition on the surface of water is comparatively complicated, and under the effect of wind and rain, buoyancy spare 1 produces the rotation very easily, if pendant 2 direct rigidity fixes in buoyancy spare 1 bottom, causes the phenomenon of twisting the rope to appear in the outer mooring line easily, and for this reason, pendant 2 in this embodiment hangs in the bottom of buoyancy spare 1 through intermediate junction mechanism 8 to vertical axle relative rotation can be followed to pendant 2 and buoyancy spare 1.
The form of the intermediate connection mechanism 8 capable of realizing the relative rotation of the suspension member 2 and the buoyancy member 1 is not unique, for example, a connecting rod extends out of the bottom of the buoyancy member 1, a rotation pipe is connected to the bottom end of the connecting rod through a bearing, the connecting rod, the bearing and the rotation pipe form the intermediate connection mechanism 8, and the suspension member 2 is fixedly connected to the rotation pipe. In addition, in the embodiment, a specific implementation form of the intermediate connection mechanism 8 is disclosed, please refer to fig. 1 and fig. 2, and the intermediate connection mechanism 8 is a multi-link chain connected by a rotary connection buckle 81. Due to the rotatable connection between the suspension member 2 and the buoyancy member 1, the rotation of the buoyancy member 1 will not affect the suspension member 2, which may ensure the stability of the mooring system.
The mooring system can be adjusted within a certain water head range through the spring mechanism, and for the case of large water head, the outer mooring line 4 and the self-mooring line 3 cannot be always kept in a tensioned state only through the spring mechanism 5, so that the scheme disclosed in the embodiment is further improved:
at least one winch 9 is additionally arranged in the mooring system, the self-mooring cable 3 and the outer mooring cable 4 are connected to form a tensioning mooring cable, and the winch 9 is used for winding and releasing the tensioning mooring cable.
When the water level fall range is small, the tension adjustment of the mooring system can be realized through the expansion and contraction of the spring mechanism 5; when the water level difference is large and exceeds the telescopic range of the spring mechanism 5, the winch 9 can increase or shorten the tensioning mooring line in a mode of releasing or winding the tensioning mooring line, so that the tensioning mooring line is always kept in a tensioned state.
It will be readily understood that the number and location of the winches 9 are not limited as long as the mooring lines can be wound and unwound, and in one embodiment, the spring mechanism 5 is embodied as a double-layer spring sleeve, which includes an inner cylinder and an outer cylinder connected by an internal spring, and the mooring system further includes a pendant 10 fixedly disposed on the outer cylinder of the spring sleeve, as shown in fig. 1, the pendant 10 is immersed in water and provides a suitable installation space for the winches 9, the winches 9 are one set and are installed in the pendant 10, the second ends of the outer mooring lines 4 are connected to the inner cylinder of the spring sleeve, and the second ends of the self-mooring lines 3 are wound on the winches 9. That is, the second end of the self-mooring line 3 is indirectly connected with the outer cylinder of the spring mechanism 5 through the winch 9, and the second end of the outer mooring line 4 is connected with the inner cylinder of the spring mechanism 5, and of course, the second end of the self-mooring line 3 can be directly fixed on the outer cylinder of the spring sleeve after being wound on the winch 9.
In another embodiment, the spring means 5 is also embodied as a double-layer spring socket, the mooring system further comprises a pendant 10 fixedly arranged on the outer cylinder of the spring socket, as shown in fig. 1, the pendant 10 is immersed in water, which provides a suitable installation space for the winch 9, when the winch 9 is one, it is arranged in the pendant 10, the second end of the outer mooring line 4 is wound on the winch 9, and the second end of the self-mooring line 3 is connected to the inner cylinder of the spring socket. That is, the second end of the outer mooring line 4 is indirectly connected with the outer cylinder of the spring mechanism 5 through the winch 9, and the second end of the self-mooring line 3 is connected with the inner cylinder of the spring mechanism 5, and of course, the second end of the outer mooring line 4 can be directly fixed on the outer cylinder of the spring sleeve after being wound on the winch 9.
Of course, the winch 9 may also be anchored in the first zone and wound around the winch 9 from the first end of the mooring line 3, or the winch 9 may be anchored in the second zone and the first end of the outer mooring line 4 wound around the winch 9.
In order to further improve the automation degree of the mooring system, a controller for controlling the winch 9 and a tension sensor arranged on the outer mooring line 4 or the self-mooring line 3 can be further arranged, when the tension detected by the tension sensor is lower than a preset range, the controller controls the winch 9 to wind the tensioning mooring line, and when the tension detected by the tension sensor is higher than the preset range, the controller controls the winch 9 to release the tensioning mooring line.
In order to stably fix the entire mooring system to the water bottom, a cement foundation 11 is also provided in the first zone in this embodiment, the first end of the self-mooring line 3 is anchored to the cement foundation 11 by means of a gravity anchor chain 12, and/or the first end of the outer mooring line 4 is anchored to the water bottom by means of a gravity anchor chain 12.
The anchoring of the first ends of the outer mooring lines 4 and the self-mooring lines 3 by means of the gravity anchor chains 12 also allows the whole mooring system to be further optimized, in particular:
when the water level rises to a small extent, the buoyancy member 1 slightly rises, and at the moment, a small part of the gravity type anchor chain 12 is pulled up, so that the length change of the whole tensioning mooring line is compensated, and the whole tensioning mooring line is ensured to be always in a tensioning state; or the buoyancy element 1 is basically fixed, the angle of the longitudinal mooring line 6 changes in a small range, and the stability of the floating body 7 can be ensured; when the water level descends to a small extent, the buoyancy piece 1 slightly descends, and a small part of the gravity type anchor chain 12 is played back to the water bottom, so that the length change of the whole tensioning mooring line is adapted, and the whole tensioning mooring line is ensured to be always in a tensioning state; or the buoyancy element 1 is basically fixed, the angle of the longitudinal mooring line 6 changes in a small range, and the stability of the floating body 7 can be ensured;
when the water level changes greatly, the spring mechanism 5 will act to compensate for the length change of the tensioned mooring line;
if the water level variation amplitude continues to increase, the winch 9 also starts to function, so that the tensioning mooring cable can still be in a tensioning state when the water level varies within a large range.
Because this system can keep body 7 throughout by firm mooring in certain extent, effectively reduced the possibility that body 7 bumps into, consequently the interval between body 7 also can suitably reduce to improve the body 7 coverage in the unit area, whole mooring system design is succinct, simple structure is difficult to receive the interference of submarine foreign matter, taut mooring rope is not with body 7 lug connection, but is connected with body 7 through vertical mooring rope 6, can effectively optimize the effort between mooring system and the body 7 like this.
In addition, the invention also discloses a floating photovoltaic power station, which comprises a floating body provided with a solar cell panel and a mooring system for mooring and fixing the floating body, wherein the mooring system is the mooring system disclosed in any one of the embodiments.
Due to the adoption of the mooring system, the floating photovoltaic power station has the corresponding technical advantages of the mooring system, and the description is omitted herein.
The floating photovoltaic power station and mooring system provided by the invention are described in detail above. The principles and embodiments of the present invention are explained herein using specific examples, which are presented only to assist in understanding the method and its core concepts. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is possible to make various improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from the principle of the present invention, and those improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.