CN108943323A - A kind of ceramics 3D printer - Google Patents
A kind of ceramics 3D printer Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN108943323A CN108943323A CN201710353633.4A CN201710353633A CN108943323A CN 108943323 A CN108943323 A CN 108943323A CN 201710353633 A CN201710353633 A CN 201710353633A CN 108943323 A CN108943323 A CN 108943323A
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- platen
- ceramic
- ceramic slurry
- printer
- ceramics
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B1/00—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material
- B28B1/001—Rapid manufacturing of 3D objects by additive depositing, agglomerating or laminating of material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of ceramic 3D printers, continuously can reliably print ceramic member using high solid phase ratio, highly viscous ceramic slurry.Its technical solution are as follows: ceramic 3D printer includes: laser scanning system, solidifies photosensitive ceramic slurry with laser beam；Charging system supplies ceramic slurry to platen；The bed of material is laid with and strikes off system, and ceramic slurry is made to form thin uniform layer on platen；Lifting workbench carries the workpiece of printing-forming, realizes the movement of the vertical direction of workpiece in print procedure；Fuselage carries all systems and mechanism of printer；Control system controls the various movements of printer.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of 3D printer more particularly to a kind of 3D printers of printable high-performance ceramic.
Background technique
With the rapid development of increases material manufacturing technology, occur a variety of ceramic 3D printers in recent years, according to these printings
The raw material scope of application of machine can be summarized as two kinds, and one of which is for printing traditional ceramics material, and another kind is for beating
Print high performance ceramic material.Traditional ceramics are commonly used to fabricate daily necessities and craftwork using clay as primary raw material, intensity compared with
It is low.High-performance ceramic is also known as fine ceramics, is generally main with oxide, nitride, silicide, boride, carbide etc.
Raw material, performance is good, (such as senses for fabrication device (such as engine components of automobile and aircraft) and function element
Device), it is the developing direction of Modern Ceramic Material.
The printer that 105751348 A of Chinese invention patent CN is provided is the typical case of traditional ceramics 3D printer (see Fig. 1
And Fig. 2), the print head 30a of this printer is made of barrel 31a, syringe needle 32a and tracheae 34a etc., tracheae 34a and air pressure control
System 50a processed is connected, and atmospheric pressure is squeezed out the ceramic slurry in barrel 31a to platen 40a by syringe needle 32a by tracheae 34a.
Also, the movement due to print head 30a with respect to X-axis guide rail 22a and Y-axis guide rail 21a, 21b, gradually constitutes one on platen 40a
The 2D figure of ceramic member layer by layer, is finally superimposed as 3D biscuit of ceramics.This 3D printer it is relatively simple for structure, but due to pottery
The viscosity of porcelain slurry is larger, and is driven the limitation (generally up to 5~6 atmospheric pressure) of atmospheric pressure, the hole of syringe needle 32a again
Diameter cannot be too small, and otherwise ceramic slurry cannot be squeezed out successfully.Therefore this 3D printer for squeezing out slurry with atmospheric pressure is beaten
It is lower to print resolution ratio, it is impossible to which form high strength, high-precision and the ceramic member with tiny characteristics are only used for general ceramic day
The production of articles and craftwork, it is impossible to be used in production high-performance ceramic part.
Currently, the 3D printer of printing high-performance ceramic mainly has following 3 kinds:
(1) powder sintered (SLS) formula ceramics 3D printer
Fig. 3 is the ceramic 3D printer using powder sintered (SLS) formula principle, and this printer uses high molecular material
The ceramic powder of (binder) package is raw shaping material, melts high molecular material by laser, and ceramic powder is made to be bonded to ceramic element
Then base carries out degreasing in heating furnace and high temperature sintering handles to obtain ceramic member.SLS formula ceramics 3D printer is by CO2Laser
Device (or Nd:YAG laser) 3b, X-Y scanning galvanometer 1b, powder supply cylinder 9b (2) and the groups such as formation cylinder 6b and powder-laying roller 12b
At.The course of work of this printer is: 1. the piston 10b in powder supply cylinder 9b moves up a small layer height, makes above piston
Ceramic powder 11b be higher by the small layer height of powder supply cylinder one.2. the powder-laying roller 12b above powder supply cylinder is transported from left to right in the horizontal direction
It is dynamic, one layer of ceramic powder is spread in the top of workbench 8b.3. heating system (not shown) above workbench is by the pottery on workbench
Porcelain powder is preheated to the temperature lower than weld point.4. after the galvanometer 1b reflection that the laser beam 2b that laser issues is controlled through computer,
According to the information of ceramic member cross section profile, constituency scanning is carried out to the ceramic powder on workbench, keeps the macromolecule in ceramic powder viscous
The temperature of knot agent rises to melting point, bonds ceramic powder mutually, obtains a layer cross section piece of ceramic member.5. one layer of forming is completed
Afterwards, workbench declines a small layer height, then carries out next layer of powdering and sintering, so recycles, obtains biscuit of ceramics.
The shortcomings that above-mentioned powder sintered (SLS) formula ceramics 3D printing method is that the consistency of shaped ceramic part is lower, is only capable of
Reach the 53-65% of theoretical density, therefore intensity is relatively low, needs to be post-processed again to improve its density and intensity.
(2) powder melts (SLM) formula ceramics 3D printer
The structure that powder melts (SLM) formula ceramics 3D printer is similar to Fig. 3, the difference is that (being free of using pure ceramic powder
High polymer binder) it is raw shaping material, ceramic powder is heated to fusing point (for example, for yttria-stabilized zirconia with laser
Ceramics are 2715 DEG C), make ceramic powder bonding forming.The ceramic member of this available 100% theoretical density of method, but surface
Rougher degree, dimensional accuracy are lower, and since laser power is larger, can generate biggish temperature gradient, quick in ceramic powder
In fusing and process of setting, meeting crack inside ceramic member and stomata.
(3) photocuring (SLA) formula ceramics 3D printer
Photocuring (SLA) formula ceramics 3D printer is dispersed in photocuring solution (resin base or water base) using ceramic powder particle
The ceramic slurry of composition is raw shaping material, then makes slurry under action of ultraviolet light, is successively solidified into biscuit of ceramics, then adding
Dewaxing and high temperature sintering are carried out in hot stove, obtain ceramic member.This method can obtain the high-compactness, high-strength of 99% theoretical density
Spend ceramic member.Currently, photocuring (SLA) the formula ceramics 3D printer of external production there are mainly two types of typical structure.
Fig. 4 is the CeraFab ceramics 3D printer of Austrian Lithoz company production, and this printer uses LCM
(Lithography-based Ceramic Manufacturing) technology passes through dynamic digital with underlying LED light source 5c
The light beam 4c that mask generates, by the sectional view from level to level of the CAD model of ceramic workpiece, by rotatable transparent magazine 3c,
It projects on the slurry 7c mixed to top by ceramic powder and photosensitive resin, solidifies corresponding figure, constitute by from level to level
Then this biscuit is placed in debinding furnace and heats by biscuit of ceramics 6c made of the bonding of section, remove resin therein, then be placed in
Sinter fine and close ceramic workpiece in high temperature furnace into.
Above-mentioned CeraFab ceramics 3D printer has very high resolution ratio by the figure that dynamic digital mask generates, therefore,
High-precision and the high-performance ceramic part with tiny characteristics can be shaped, the sintered 4 points of bendings of the zirconia ceramics part of printing are strong
It spends up to 650MPa, the 99.1% of density accessibility theory density.
The shortcomings that this printer, is: (1) since underlying light source is radiated at the bottom of light transmission magazine 3 from below to up, making neighbour
The ceramic slurry 7c solidification of nearly magazine bottom, this layer of cured section usually can accidentally be sticked to magazine bottom, drip molding 6c caused to damage
It is bad, therefore have to lay one layer of special non-adhering membranes, and the additional movement for getting rid of sticky end, not only expensive but also shadow in magazine bottom
Ring efficiency.This problem is more prominent when using high viscosity ceramic slurry.(2) ceramic slurry 7c is placed in rotatable magazine,
Realize charging and the stone of every layer cross section by the gravity flow ability of slurry and the rotation of scraper plate 2c, be accordingly difficult to using viscosity compared with
High slurry.(3) it is limited by dynamic digital mask size, it is difficult to print large-sized ceramic member, and can not be automatic respectively
The light intensity for adjusting each position covered by mask causes printing technology to be difficult to realize optimization.
Fig. 5 is the Ceramaker ceramics 3D printer of French 3D CERAM company production, and this printer makes to be placed in top
Ultraviolet laser 1d issue laser beam exposed on workbench 3d by X-Y scanning galvanometer 2d by ceramic powder and photosensitive tree
On the slurry 7d that rouge mixes, constitutes the biscuit of ceramics as made of the bonding of section from level to level and this biscuit is then placed in degreasing
It is heated in furnace, removes resin therein, then be placed in high temperature furnace and sinter fine and close ceramic member into.
The laser beam of above-mentioned Ceramaker ceramics 3D printer has very high resolution ratio, therefore, can shape high-precision and tool
There is the high-performance ceramic part of tiny characteristics, sintered 3 bending strengths of the zirconia ceramics part of printing are close up to 1100MPa
Spend the 99% of accessibility theory density.
The shortcomings that this printer is: (1) slurry 7d is placed on the piston of slurry cylinder 5d, passes through moving upwards for piston
With the horizontal movement of scraper plate 6d, to realize charging and the stone of every layer cross section, this feed way occupies biggish area, unfavorable
In the large-sized ceramic member of printing.(2) sealing difficulty in slurry cylinder 5d and formation cylinder 4d is larger, the ceramic grit in slurry
It can enter at sealing, may cause the piston motion obstacle, even stuck of slurry cylinder 5d and formation cylinder 4d, this problem is using
It is more prominent when high ceramics volume content (i.e. solid phase ratio), highly viscous ceramic slurry.
Determine one of ceramic 3D printing part quality it is crucial that the slurry that ceramics are mixed with resin solid phase ratio, Gu
Compared to higher, namely indicate that contained resin volume is lower in slurry, resin is easy to gasify and exclude in subsequent degreasing process, burns
Ceramic member shrinking percentage after knot is small, buckling deformation is small, density is high, intensity is good.But with the increase of ceramic slurry solid phase ratio,
The viscosity of slurry also can be increased significantly.It therefore, is the development trend of ceramic 3D printing technique than ceramic slurry using high solid phase, but
It is, and difficulty caused by following high viscosity ceramic slurry must be solved.In two kinds of height of above-mentioned CeraFab and Ceramaker
In the shortcomings that performance ceramics 3D printer, most distinct issues are also because high viscosity ceramic slurry generates.
Summary of the invention
A brief summary of one or more aspects is given below to provide to the basic comprehension in terms of these.This general introduction is not
The extensive overview of all aspects contemplated, and be both not intended to identify critical or decisive element in all aspects also non-
Attempt to define the range in terms of any or all.Its unique purpose is to provide the one of one or more aspects in simplified form
A little concepts are with the sequence for more detailed description given later.
The purpose of the present invention is to solve the above problem, provides a kind of ceramic 3D printer, can use high solid phase ratio, high
The ceramic slurry of viscosity continuously reliably prints ceramic member.
The technical solution of the present invention is as follows: present invention discloses a kind of ceramic 3D printers, comprising:
Laser scanning system solidifies photosensitive ceramic slurry with laser beam；
Charging system supplies ceramic slurry to platen；
The bed of material is laid with and strikes off system, and ceramic slurry is made to form thin uniform layer on platen；
Lifting workbench carries the workpiece of printing-forming, realizes the movement of the vertical direction of workpiece in print procedure；
Fuselage carries all systems and mechanism of printer；
Control system controls the various movements of printer.
It is according to the present invention ceramics 3D printer an embodiment, the laser scanning system include laser, cooler,
X-Y scanning galvanometer, condenser lens and adjustable support seat, in which:
The laser is fixed on the adjustable support seat, generates the laser beam for solidifying ceramic slurry；
The cooler is placed in the rear of printer, for cooling down the laser；
The X-Y scanning galvanometer is placed in the outer optical path in front of the laser, for the finger according to the control system
It enables, the laser beam for issuing the laser is scanned movement in horizontal X -Y direction；
The condenser lens is placed in the lower section of the X-Y scanning galvanometer, for reflecting the X-Y scanning galvanometer
Light beam focuses；
The adjustable support seat, is fixed on the fuselage of the lower section of the laser, for supporting the laser and tune
Save the position on vertically and horizontally of the laser.
It is according to the present invention ceramics 3D printer an embodiment, the charging system include barrel, magazine, vibrator,
Fulcrum bearing and conduit, in which:
The barrel is fixed on the right part of the support base, and the barrel upper inlet is connected with atmospheric control, institute
It states barrel lower exit port and is connected by the conduit with the import of the magazine, for storing and conveying ceramic slurry；
The magazine, is fixed on the middle part of the support base, and the import of the magazine passes through the conduit and the barrel
Outlet be connected, the diaphragm on the magazine top is located at the lower section of the vibrator, described in the gap of the magazine lower part is aligned
Platen, for the ceramic slurry needed for supplying on the platen；
The vibrator is fixed in the fulcrum bearing above the magazine, the circuit of the vibrator and the control
System processed is connected, and the top for the diaphragm that the ticker below the vibrator is located at the magazine makes for striking the diaphragm
Ceramic slurry in the magazine is sprayed to the platen；
The fulcrum bearing is fixed on the bed of material and is laid with and strikes off on the support plate of system, for installing the barrel, institute
State magazine and the vibrator；
The conduit, for connecting the barrel and the magazine.
One embodiment of ceramics 3D printer according to the present invention, it includes scraper that the bed of material, which is laid with the system that strikes off, is turned
Axis, big stepping motor and small stepping motor, knife rest, spiral micro actuator, plate, rest pad, support plate and ball-screw-silk
Female kinematic pair, in which:
The scraper passes through the output shaft phase of the shaft and the small stepping motor positioned at the top of the platen
Even, for spreading out and striking off the ceramic slurry being injected on the platen；
The shaft, the middle part of the shaft are fixed with the scraper, the overhanging end of the shaft and the small stepping electricity
The output shaft of motivation is connected, for the rotation of the small stepping motor to be passed to the scraper；
The small stepping motor, pedestal are connected with the knife rest, for rotating the scraper, make its described relatively
Plate surface has required inclination angle；
The knife rest, bottom is fixed on the bed of material and is laid with and strikes off on the support plate of system, for installing
State scraper；
The spiral micro actuator, is fixed on the top of the knife rest, for adjusting the height of the relatively described platen of the scraper
Degree；
The plate is fixed on the fuselage, for carrying the bed of material laying and striking off system；
The rest pad is connect with the ball-screw-screw kinematic pair, for moving the ball-screw-screw
Secondary movement passes to the bed of material and is laid with and strikes off system；
The support plate is located on the rest pad, for the connection between the rest pad and the knife rest；
The first ball screw-screw kinematic pair is located on the plate, for by the big stepping motor
It is converted into reciprocating translatory.
One embodiment of ceramics 3D printer according to the present invention, the lifting workbench includes platen, cylinder, company
Bar, pin shaft, bearing support, sliding rack, the second ball-screw-screw kinematic pair, stepping motor, telescopic and the recycling of slurry box
Box, in which:
The platen is fixed on the top of the piston of the cylinder, is used for bearing print ceramic workpiece；
The cylinder, the upper surface of the cylinder are connected with the lower surface of the platen, below the piston in the cylinder
It is connected with the connecting rod, for driving the platen；
The connecting rod, the upper surface of described connecting rod are connected with the piston, pass through the pin shaft and institute below the connecting rod
It states bearing support to be connected, for the up and down motion of the sliding rack to be passed to the piston and the platen；
The pin shaft, the middle part of the pin shaft are connected with the connecting rod, the pin at the both ends of the pin shaft and the bearing support
Hole is connected, the connection for the connecting rod and the bearing support；
The bearing support is fixed on the sliding rack, for supporting the connecting rod；
The sliding rack, the top of the sliding rack are connected with the bearing support, the side of the sliding rack and described the
Two ball-screws-screw kinematic pair is connected, for the second ball-screw-screw kinematic pair to be passed to the bearing support；
Second ball-screw-screw the kinematic pair, is fixed on the side of the fuselage, for driving the platen；
The stepping motor is fixed on the fuselage, the output shaft of the stepping motor and second ball
Lead screw-screw kinematic pair is connected, for generating the up and down motion of the sliding rack；
The telescopic, the inner hole of the outer rim of the telescopic and the cylinder, the bottom of the telescopic and institute
The piston for stating cylinder is connected, for being isolated between the inner hole, the piston and ceramic slurry of the cylinder；
The slurry box recycling box is installed on the platform, for storing and recycling ceramic slurry extra in printing.
One embodiment of ceramics 3D printer according to the present invention, the fuselage are formed by profile and steel plate combination.
One embodiment of ceramics 3D printer according to the present invention, the charging system convey ceramic slurry with air pressure, use
The vibrator makes the diaphragm that quick flexible deformation occur, and forces the ceramic slurry in the magazine below the diaphragm logical
The outlet for crossing the gap is uniformly sprayed to the platen, to realize the timing of ceramic slurry, quantitative accurate charging.
One embodiment of ceramics 3D printer according to the present invention, the bed of material are laid with and strike off system with the small stepping
Scraper described in motor drive adjusts the tilt angle of the relatively described platen of the scraper, optimizes the laying of ceramic slurry and scrapes
Level state avoids ceramic slurry surface from wave and pit occur, realizes the laying of ceramic slurry thin layer and strikes off.
One embodiment of ceramics 3D printer according to the present invention, ceramic slurry is in the telescopic, not with it is described
Cylinder contact avoids the ceramic solids in ceramic slurry from contacting the cylinder piston, to prevent the piston motion from hindering
Hinder with it is stuck.
One embodiment of ceramics 3D printer according to the present invention, what printer printed is high-performance ceramic.
The present invention, which compares the prior art, to be had following the utility model has the advantages that the present invention is swept using upper illuminaton laser beam by X-Y
Galvanometer is retouched, solidifies the high solid phase mixed on platen by ceramic powder and photosensitive resin than ceramic slurry, slurry is by special designing
The charging of diaphragm vibrating mechanism, generate the very thin bed of material with the movement of variable incidence scraper, prevent carrying from making pottery with follow-up telescoping set
The piston cylinder movement of porcelain workpiece is stuck.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 shows the schematic diagram of existing ceramic 3D printer.
Fig. 2 shows the print head schematic diagrames of existing ceramic 3D printer.
Fig. 3 shows the schematic diagram of existing powder sintered (SLS) formula ceramics 3D printer.
Fig. 4 shows the schematic diagram of existing CeraFab ceramics 3D printer.
Fig. 5 shows the schematic diagram of existing Ceramaker ceramics 3D printer.
Fig. 6 shows the schematic diagram of the embodiment of ceramic 3D printer of the invention.
Fig. 7 shows the schematic diagram of the laser scanning system in ceramic 3D printer embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 8 shows the schematic diagram of the charging system in ceramic 3D printer embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 9 shows the schematic diagram that the bed of material in ceramic 3D printer embodiment of the invention was laid with and struck off system.
Figure 10 and Figure 11 shows the schematic diagram of the lifting workbench in ceramic 3D printer embodiment of the invention.
Specific embodiment
After the detailed description for reading embodiment of the disclosure in conjunction with the following drawings, it better understood when of the invention
Features described above and advantage.In the accompanying drawings, each component is not necessarily drawn to scale, and has similar correlation properties or feature
Component may have same or similar appended drawing reference.
Fig. 6 shows the composition schematic diagram of the embodiment of ceramic 3D printer of the invention.Refer to Fig. 6, the present embodiment
Ceramic 3D printer specifically include that laser scanning system 100, charging system 200, the bed of material be laid with the system that strikes off 300, can rise
Workbench 400, fuselage 500 and control system (not shown) drop.What ceramic 3D printer of the invention printed is high-performance pottery
Porcelain.The laser beam of laser scanning system 100 solidifies photosensitive ceramic slurry.Charging system 200 supplies ceramic slurry to platen.Material
Layer, which is laid with and strikes off system 300, makes ceramic slurry form thin uniform layer on platen.Lifting workbench 400 carries printing-forming
Workpiece, realize print procedure in workpiece vertical direction movement.Fuselage 500 carries all systems and mechanism of printer,
Generally formed by profile and steel plate combination.Control system is Computerized digital control system, controls the various movements of printer.
Fig. 7 is referred to, laser scanning system 100 includes laser 10, cooler (not shown), X-Y scanning galvanometer 11, gathers
Focus lens 12 and adjustable support seat 13.Laser 10 is fixed on adjustable support seat 13, generates the laser beam for solidifying ceramic slurry.
Cooler is placed in the rear of printer, for cooling down laser 10.X-Y scanning galvanometer 11 is placed in the outer optical path in 10 front of laser
On, for the instruction according to control system, the laser beam for issuing laser 10 is scanned movement in horizontal X -Y direction.It is poly-
Focus lens 12 are placed in the lower section of X-Y scanning galvanometer 11, and the light beam for reflecting X-Y scanning galvanometer 11 focuses.Adjustable supporting
On the fuselage for holding the lower section that seat 13 is fixed on laser 10, for supporting laser 10 and adjust laser 10 in vertical direction and
Position in horizontal direction.
In the specific works of laser scanning system 100, laser 10 issues laser beam, this light beam is incident upon X-Y scanning
On galvanometer 11, according to the instruction of control system, light beam can be scanned movement in horizontal X -Y direction, then pass through condenser lens
12 formation small light spots are simultaneously radiated at (not shown) on the ceramic slurry of lower section platen 49 (referring to Figure 11), it is made to be cured as workpiece
One layer cross section figure.Cooler cools down laser 10.
Fig. 8 is referred to, charging system 200 includes barrel 21, magazine 24, vibrator 26, fulcrum bearing 27, conduit.Barrel 21
It is fixed on the right part of fulcrum bearing 27, (atmospheric control is one in control system to barrel upper inlet with atmospheric control
Part) it is connected, barrel lower exit port is connected by conduit with the import of magazine 24, for storing and conveying ceramic slurry.Magazine
24 are fixed on the middle part of fulcrum bearing 27, and the import of magazine 24 is connected by conduit with the outlet of barrel 21,24 top of magazine every
Film 23 is located at the lower section of vibrator 26, and the gap of 24 lower part of magazine is directed at platen 49, for the ceramics needed for supplying on platen 49
Slurry.Vibrator 26 is fixed in the fulcrum bearing 27 of 24 top of magazine, and the circuit of vibrator 26 is connected with control system, vibrator
The top for the diaphragm that the ticker 25 of 26 lower sections is located at magazine 24 sprays the ceramic slurry in magazine 24 for striking diaphragm 23
It is incident upon on platen 49.Fulcrum bearing 27 be fixed on the bed of material be laid with strike off on the support plate 42 of system 300, for install barrel 21,
Magazine 24 and vibrator 26.Conduit is for connecting barrel 21 and magazine 24.
In 200 course of work of charging system, charging system 200 conveys ceramic slurry using air pressure.Storage in barrel 21
Ceramic slurry (not shown), atmospheric control (not shown) apply pressure by the upper inlet of barrel 21, drive in barrel 21
Slurry flow in magazine 24 from its lower import of outlet through conduit 22 and magazine 24.According to the instruction of control system, vibrator
26 ticker 25 strikes diaphragm 23 and quick flexible deformation occurs, and the slurry under 24 septation 23 of magazine is forced to pass through magazine 24
The small gap (not shown) of bottom is uniformly sprayed to platen 49 (referring to Figure 11), to realize the timing of ceramic slurry, quantify
Accurate charging.
Fig. 9 is referred to, it includes scraper 36, shaft 37, big stepping motor 30 and small step that the bed of material, which is laid with and strikes off system 300,
Into motor 34, knife rest 35, spiral micro actuator 33, plate, rest pad 40, support plate 27, ball-screw-screw kinematic pair 31.
Scraper 36 is located at the top of platen 49, is connected by shaft 37 with the output shaft of small stepping motor 34, for that will be injected in platform
Ceramic slurry on plate 49 spreads out and strikes off.The middle part of shaft 37 and scraper 36 are fixed, the overhanging end of shaft 37 and small stepping electricity
The output shaft of motivation 34 is connected, for the rotation of small stepping motor 34 to be passed to scraper 36.The bottom of small stepping motor 34
Seat is connected with knife rest 35, for rotating scraper 36, it is made to have required inclination angle with respect to 49 surface of platen.35 bottom of knife rest is fixed on
The bed of material is laid with and strikes off on the support plate 27 of system 300, for installing scraper 36.Spiral micro actuator 33 is fixed on the upper of knife rest 35
Side, for adjusting height of the scraper 36 with respect to platen 49.Plate is fixed on fuselage, for carrying bed of material laying and striking off system
300.Rest pad 40 is connect with ball-screw-screw kinematic pair 31, for transmitting the movement of ball-screw-screw kinematic pair 31
It is laid with to the bed of material and strikes off system 300.Support plate 27 is located on rest pad, for the company between rest pad 40 and knife rest 35
It connects.Ball-screw-screw kinematic pair 31 is located on plate, reciprocal flat for converting the rotation of big stepping motor 30 to
It is dynamic.
In the course of work that the bed of material is laid with and strikes off system 300, scraper 36 can pass through shaft by small stepping motor 34
37 drivings, so that inclination angle (referring to Figure 11) of the scraper 36 with respect to platen 49 is adjusted, so as to excellent according to the viscosity size of ceramic slurry
Slurrying material thin layer strikes off effect, and ceramic slurry surface is avoided wave and pit occur, realize the laying of ceramic slurry thin layer with
It strikes off.Turn the spiral on spiral micro actuator 33, the height of the opposite platen 49 of adjustable blade 36, to adjust the slurry struck off
Thickness.Under the driving of big stepping motor 30, pass through coupled ball-screw-screw kinematic pair 31, rest pad 40, knife
Frame 35 and support plate 27 can make charging system 200 and the bed of material be laid with and strike off system 300 and move back and forth along Y-direction, realize charging and
The bed of material is laid with and strikes off movement.
0 and Figure 11 referring to Figure 1, lifting workbench 400 include platen 49, cylinder 58, connecting rod 52, pin shaft 53, bearing
Frame 54, sliding rack 55, ball-screw-screw kinematic pair 56, stepping motor 57, telescopic 50 and slurry box recycling box 51.Platform
Plate 49 is fixed on the top of the piston of cylinder 58, is used for bearing print ceramic workpiece.Under the upper surface of cylinder 58 and platen 49
Surface is connected, and is connected below the piston in cylinder 58 with connecting rod 52, for driving platen 49.The upper surface of connecting rod 52 and piston phase
Even, be connected by pin shaft 53 with bearing support 54 below connecting rod 52, for by the up and down motion of sliding rack 55 pass to piston with
Platen 49.The middle part of pin shaft 53 is connected with connecting rod 52, and the both ends of pin shaft 53 are connected with the pin hole of bearing support 54, for connecting rod 52 with
The connection of bearing support 54.Bearing support 54 is fixed on sliding rack 55, is used for bearing connecting rod 52.The top of sliding rack 55 and bearing support
54 are connected, and the side of sliding rack 55 is connected with ball-screw-screw kinematic pair 56, are used for ball-screw-screw kinematic pair 56
Pass to bearing support 54.Ball-screw-screw kinematic pair 56 is fixed on the side of fuselage, for driving platen 49.Stepping is electronic
Machine 57 is fixed on fuselage, and the output shaft of stepping motor 57 is connected with ball-screw-screw kinematic pair 56, for generating sliding
The up and down motion of frame 5.Referring to Figure 11, the outer rim of telescopic 50 and the inner hole of cylinder 58, the bottom of telescopic 50 and gas
The piston of cylinder 58 is connected, for being isolated between the inner hole, piston and ceramic slurry of cylinder 58.Slurry box recycling box 51 is mounted on
On platform 32 (referring to Figure 10), outlet at bottom (not shown) is connected with recovery pump (not shown), for storing and recycling printing
In extra ceramic slurry.
In the course of work of lifting workbench 400, stepping motor 57 by ball-screw-screw kinematic pair 56,
Piston (not shown) in sliding rack 55, bearing support 54, pin shaft 53, connecting rod 52 and cylinder 58, driving platen 49 are reciprocal along Z-direction
Movement.Ceramic slurry is in telescopic 50, is not contacted with cylinder 58, avoids the ceramic solids in ceramic slurry from contacting cylinder living
Plug, to prevent piston motion from obstacle and stuck occur.
After the structure of the above embodiment of the present invention, according to the CAD model of workpiece, it can be made pottery with printing-forming high-performance
Porcelain piece.
Offer is to make any person skilled in the art all and can make or use this public affairs to the previous description of the disclosure
It opens.The various modifications of the disclosure all will be apparent for a person skilled in the art, and as defined herein general
Suitable principle can be applied to other variants without departing from the spirit or scope of the disclosure.The disclosure is not intended to be limited as a result,
Due to example described herein and design, but should be awarded and principle disclosed herein and novel features phase one
The widest scope of cause.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of ceramics 3D printer characterized by comprising
Laser scanning system solidifies photosensitive ceramic slurry with laser beam；
Charging system supplies ceramic slurry to platen；
The bed of material is laid with and strikes off system, and ceramic slurry is made to form thin uniform layer on platen；
Lifting workbench carries the workpiece of printing-forming, realizes the movement of the vertical direction of workpiece in print procedure；
Fuselage carries all systems and mechanism of printer；
Control system controls the various movements of printer.
2. it is according to claim 1 ceramics 3D printer, which is characterized in that the laser scanning system include laser,
Cooler, X-Y scanning galvanometer, condenser lens and adjustable support seat, in which:
The laser is fixed on the adjustable support seat, generates the laser beam for solidifying ceramic slurry；
The cooler is placed in the rear of printer, for cooling down the laser；
The X-Y scanning galvanometer is placed in the outer optical path in front of the laser, for the instruction according to the control system,
The laser beam for issuing the laser is scanned movement in horizontal X -Y direction；
The condenser lens is placed in the lower section of the X-Y scanning galvanometer, the light beam for reflecting the X-Y scanning galvanometer
It focuses；
The adjustable support seat, is fixed on the fuselage of the lower section of the laser, for supporting the laser and adjusting institute
State the position on vertically and horizontally of laser.
3. ceramics 3D printer according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the charging system includes barrel, magazine, vibration
Dynamic device, fulcrum bearing and conduit, in which:
The barrel is fixed on the right part of the fulcrum bearing, and the barrel upper inlet is connected with atmospheric control, the material
Cylinder lower exit port is connected by the conduit with the import of the magazine, for storing and conveying ceramic slurry；
The magazine, is fixed on the middle part of the support base, and the import of the magazine is gone out by the conduit and the barrel
Mouth is connected, and the diaphragm on the magazine top is located at the lower section of the vibrator, and the gap of the magazine lower part is directed at the platen,
For the ceramic slurry needed for supplying on the platen；
The vibrator is fixed in the fulcrum bearing above the magazine, and the circuit of the vibrator and the control are
System is connected, and the ticker below the vibrator is located at the top of the diaphragm of the magazine, for striking the diaphragm, makes described
Ceramic slurry in magazine is sprayed to the platen；
The fulcrum bearing is fixed on the bed of material and is laid with and strikes off on the support plate of system, for installing the barrel, the material
Box and the vibrator；
The conduit, for connecting the barrel and the magazine.
4. ceramics 3D printer according to claim 1, which is characterized in that it includes scraping that the bed of material, which is laid with the system that strikes off,
Knife, shaft, big stepping motor and small stepping motor, knife rest, spiral micro actuator, plate, rest pad, support plate and ball wire
Thick stick-screw kinematic pair, in which:
The scraper is connected by the shaft with the output shaft of the small stepping motor positioned at the top of the platen, is used
In spreading out and strike off the ceramic slurry being injected on the platen；
The shaft, the middle part of the shaft are fixed with the scraper, the overhanging end of the shaft and the small stepping motor
Output shaft be connected, for the rotation of the small stepping motor to be passed to the scraper；
The small stepping motor, pedestal are connected with the knife rest, for rotating the scraper, make its relatively described platen table
There is required inclination angle in face；
The knife rest, bottom are fixed on the bed of material and are laid with and strike off on the support plate of system, for installing described scrape
Knife；
The spiral micro actuator, is fixed on the top of the knife rest, for adjusting the height of the relatively described platen of the scraper；
The plate is fixed on the fuselage, for carrying the bed of material laying and striking off system；
The rest pad is connect with the ball-screw-screw kinematic pair, for by the ball-screw-screw kinematic pair
Movement passes to the bed of material and is laid with and strikes off system；
The support plate is located on the rest pad, for the connection between the rest pad and the knife rest；
The first ball screw-screw kinematic pair is located on the plate, for by the rotation of the big stepping motor
It is converted into reciprocating translatory.
5. ceramics 3D printer according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the lifting workbench includes platen, gas
Cylinder, connecting rod, pin shaft, bearing support, sliding rack, the second ball-screw-screw kinematic pair, stepping motor, telescopic and slurry box
Recycling box, in which:
The platen is fixed on the top of the piston of the cylinder, is used for bearing print ceramic workpiece；
The cylinder, the upper surface of the cylinder are connected with the lower surface of the platen, below the piston in the cylinder with institute
It states connecting rod to be connected, for driving the platen；
The connecting rod, the upper surface of described connecting rod are connected with the piston, pass through the pin shaft and the branch below the connecting rod
Bolster is connected, for the up and down motion of the sliding rack to be passed to the piston and the platen；
The pin shaft, the middle part of the pin shaft are connected with the connecting rod, the pin hole phase at the both ends of the pin shaft and the bearing support
Even, the connection for the connecting rod and the bearing support；
The bearing support is fixed on the sliding rack, for supporting the connecting rod；
The sliding rack, the top of the sliding rack are connected with the bearing support, the side of the sliding rack and second rolling
Ballscrew-screw kinematic pair is connected, for the second ball-screw-screw kinematic pair to be passed to the bearing support；
Second ball-screw-screw the kinematic pair, is fixed on the side of the fuselage, for driving the platen；
The stepping motor is fixed on the fuselage, the output shaft of the stepping motor and second ball-screw-
Screw kinematic pair is connected, for generating the up and down motion of the sliding rack；
The telescopic, the inner hole of the outer rim of the telescopic and the cylinder, the bottom of the telescopic and the gas
The piston of cylinder is connected, for being isolated between the inner hole, the piston and ceramic slurry of the cylinder；
The slurry box recycling box is installed on the platform, for storing and recycling ceramic slurry extra in printing.
6. it is according to claim 1 ceramics 3D printer, which is characterized in that the fuselage by profile and steel plate combination and
At.
7. ceramics 3D printer according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the charging system conveys ceramic slurry with air pressure
Material makes the diaphragm that quick flexible deformation occur, forces the ceramics in the magazine below the diaphragm with the vibrator
Slurry is uniformly sprayed by the outlet in the gap to the platen, to realize the timing of ceramic slurry, quantitatively accurately add
Material.
8. ceramics 3D printer according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the bed of material is laid with and strikes off described in system use
Scraper described in small stepping motor drive adjusts the tilt angle of the relatively described platen of the scraper, optimizes the paving of ceramic slurry
If avoiding ceramic slurry surface from wave and pit occur with level state is scraped, realizes the laying of ceramic slurry thin layer and strike off.
9. ceramics 3D printer according to claim 5, which is characterized in that ceramic slurry is in the telescopic, no
With the cylinder contact, the ceramic solids in ceramic slurry is avoided to contact the cylinder piston, to prevent the piston motion
There is obstacle and stuck.
10. ceramics 3D printer according to any one of claim 1 to 9, which is characterized in that printer printed is
High-performance ceramic.
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| CN201710353633.4A CN108943323B (en) | 2017-05-18 | 2017-05-18 | Ceramic 3D printer |
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| CN113442258A (en) * | 2021-01-25 | 2021-09-28 | 山东大学 | 3D printer and method for digitally manufacturing composite ceramic functional gradient material |
| CN114290476A (en) * | 2021-12-23 | 2022-04-08 | 集美大学 | Paste ceramic 3D printing method for curved-surface thin-wall part |
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| CN108943323B (en) | 2020-04-07 |
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