CN108941550A - A kind of composite metal preparation facilities and method - Google Patents
A kind of composite metal preparation facilities and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108941550A CN108941550A CN201810868465.7A CN201810868465A CN108941550A CN 108941550 A CN108941550 A CN 108941550A CN 201810868465 A CN201810868465 A CN 201810868465A CN 108941550 A CN108941550 A CN 108941550A
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- powder
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/02—Compacting only
- B22F3/03—Press-moulding apparatus therefor
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Abstract
The invention belongs to composition metal preparation technical fields.There are powder laying depths and laying to be unevenly distributed when in order to solve the problem of to be welded using traditional power spreading device laying transition metal powders, and the invention discloses a kind of preparation facilities dedicated for preparing composite metal.The preparation facilities of the composite metal, including powdering unit, die unit and press unit;Wherein, powdering unit is used for the laying of different powder beds, and for press unit for powder bed to be pressed, die unit then is used to control the compacting shape of composite metal.Compression moulding to multiple layer powder may be implemented using composite metal preparation facilities of the invention, to stablize the ingredient of various powder and the laying depth of powder, while the waste to powder can be reduced, reduce welding cost.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to composition metal preparation technical fields, and in particular to a kind of composite metal preparation facilities and method.
Background technique
Early stage welding is mainly used in the connection of same material, with new material, the extensive use of new technology, dissimilar metal
Be connected in engineer application and become more and more important, the good of two kinds of material properties can achieve by the connection of dissimilar metal
In conjunction with, and the reduction of structure total weight and the effect of cost optimization can be obtained.
In recent years, there is scholar to find by numerous studies, powder transition zone is added between dissimilar metal and is welded, welds
Rear joint has good mechanical property.By adding middle layer transition metal, one side middle layer gold between dissimilar metal
Belong to the diffusion that can stop two kinds of metallic elements, to prevent the generation of weld metal zone brittle intermetallic thing;On the other hand due to xenogenesis
Greatest differences of the metallic element in physics, chemical property, metallic intermediate layer can enable joint physics, change as transition zone
Performance is learned to gradually change, thus reduce because physics, chemical property difference due to the grain coarsening that generates, ingredient be uneven, stress collection
In, the undesirable elements such as crackle, reliably connected to reach dissimilar metal.However, being found in actual welding operating process, adopt
When being routed to transition metal powders layer between welding metal with traditional power spreading device, due to the density of different metal powder
Lamination can occur for difference, when laying, it is difficult to ensure that the uniformity of transition metal powders laying depth, to influence practical weldering
The effect connect, and due to the mobility of powder, the flowing that powder easily occurs in the assembling process for carrying out welding point is led
Transition metal powders are caused to be unevenly distributed, thus need to adjust the assembly of welding point repeatedly, so that welding efficiency substantially reduces, this
It also will cause the unrestrained waste of powder in external process of deployment, increase welding cost.
Summary of the invention
When in order to solve to carry out transition metal powders laying using traditional power spreading device, there are powder laying depth and layings
The problem of being unevenly distributed, the invention proposes a kind of preparation facilities dedicated for preparing composite metal.The composite metal
Preparation facilities, including powdering unit, die unit and press unit;Wherein,
The powdering unit, including motor, hairbrush and sieve plate;The motor is fixed vertically downwards, the hairbrush
It connect with the motor and is rotated under the drive of the motor;The sieve plate is located at the lower section of the hairbrush, is used for
Hold laying powder;
The die unit, including upper punch, middle stamping and bottom punch;It is set respectively on the upper punch and the bottom punch
Core is rushed, the middle stamping is equipped with perforative punching;The punching is corresponding with the shape and size for rushing core, and institute
State the depth of upper punch rushed core length and be greater than the punching, the depth of the bottom punch rushed core length and be less than the punching;
The press unit, including press machine and pressure head;The pressure head is connect with the output end of the press machine, and
It is moved back and forth up and down under the driving of the press machine.
Preferably, the motor is connect with a horizon bar respectively with the sieve plate, and two horizon bars are along perpendicular
For histogram to being fixed in same vertical bar, the position of two horizon bars is adjustable.
Preferably, the powdering unit further includes powder blocking plate, and the powder blocking plate is located at below the sieve plate, and described
Powder blocking plate is equipped with powder leakage hole identical with the punching shape.
Preferably, the sieve plate uses the barrel-like structure of stainless steel material.
Preferably, which further includes windshield, the windshield it is detachable be located at the motor, the hairbrush
With the outside of the sieve plate.
Preferably, which further includes vibrating motor;The vibrating motor is connect with the sieve plate, for driving the sieve
Plate carry out by a small margin, high-frequency vibration.
A method of composite metal is prepared, using above-described preparation facilities, specifically includes the following steps:
The middle stamping is set on the bottom punch by step S1, and keeps middle stamping state upward, by institute
It states bottom punch and the middle stamping is placed below the sieve plate;
Powder to be laid is placed on the sieve plate by step S2, is opened motor, is generated by hairbrush to powder to be laid
Pressure is painted, so that powder to be laid is passed through sieve plate and uniformly falls in punching, after powder laying amount reaches requirement, close motor,
Complete the laying of the powder bed;
Solder is put into punching the simultaneously operation of repeating said steps S2, successively successively completes all powder layer by step S3
Lay-up operation;
Step S4, after the laying for completing all powder layer, by rushing in core insertion in the punching of stamping for upper punch, and will be whole
A die unit moves to below press machine, and pressure head and upper punch is made to keep consistency from top to bottom;
Step S5 starts press machine, applies downward pressure to upper punch by pressure head, completes to punching inner powder end and pricker
The compacting of material, thus composite metal made of being suppressed.
Preferably, in the step S2, previously according to the hole size of sieve plate, hairbrush velocity of rotation and it is laid with powder
Granular size obtains the speed that falls of the laying powder, is then laid with time realization to powder laying amount by control powder
Control.
Preferably, it in the step S2, carries out that the powder blocking plate is placed in the middle stamping in advance before powder is laid with
On, and it is aligned the powder leakage hole on the powder blocking plate with the punching, drops down onto the powder on middle stamping for controlling and sprawl shape
Shape and recycling excessive powder.
It is further preferred that in the step S3, when carrying out the laying of variety classes powder bed, to the sieve plate and institute
It states powder blocking plate and carries out corresponding integral replacing.
Technical solution of the present invention has the advantages that
1, by using composite metal preparation facilities of the invention, it will can be used for the powder between dissimilar metal in advance
Transition zone is pressed into composition metal sheet structure, so that the ingredient of various powder and the laying depth of powder in transition zone be made to obtain
To accurate fixed, not only can save carry out when transition zone powder is temporarily laid with to the waste of powder in welding scene and
The poor efficiency of powder process of deployment improves welding efficiency, and can guarantee transition zone powdered ingredients to reduce operating cost
With the stabilization accuracy of laying depth, to guarantee the quality finally welded.
2, in weldering composite metal preparation facilities of the invention, by setting hairbrush, sieve plate and vibrating motor, thus real
Now to the uniform laying of powder, and the adjustment by falling speed to powder in advance controls, thus by the laying time
Control, realization are precisely controlled powder laying amount, guarantee the uniformity of powder distribution in composite metal, guarantee composition metal
The welding performance of piece.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the laying unit structural schematic diagram of composite metal preparation facilities in embodiment;
Fig. 2 is the die unit structural schematic diagram of composite metal preparation facilities in embodiment;
Fig. 3 is the press unit structural schematic diagram of composite metal preparation facilities in embodiment.
Specific embodiment
It describes in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples to technical solution of the present invention.
As shown in connection with fig. 1, the composite metal preparation facilities of the present embodiment, including powdering unit 1, die unit 2 and pressure
Unit 3 processed.Wherein, powdering unit 1 is used for the laying of different powder beds, and press unit 3 is used to that powder bed to be pressed,
And die unit 2 is then for controlling the compacting shape of composite metal.
Powdering unit 1 includes motor 11, hairbrush 12 and sieve plate 13.Wherein, in the present embodiment, motor 11 selects servo electricity
Machine is precisely controlled output revolving speed with improving, and the output shaft of motor 11 is fixed vertically downwards.Hairbrush 12 and electricity
Machine 11 connects, and the uniform rotation in horizontal plane is carried out under the drive of motor 11.Sieve plate 13 is processed using stainless steel material
It forms, and is located at the lower section of hairbrush 12, for holding powder to be laid.At this point, hairbrush 12 under the drive of motor 11, carries out
Downward painting pressure can be generated to the powder on sieve plate 13 in rotation process in horizontal plane, to make powder on sieve plate 13
It at the uniform velocity moves and gradually passes through sieve plate 13 and uniformly fall.
Preferably, it is additionally provided with speed reducer and shaft coupling between the hairbrush of the present embodiment 12 and motor 11, for connecting electricity
Machine 11 and hairbrush 12.At this point, the vibration generated in 11 rotation process of motor is weakened by speed reducer and shaft coupling, thus
Stablize the rotation of hairbrush 12, realizes and the auxiliary that hairbrush 12 rotates is controlled, and then improve and be precisely controlled to what powder was fallen, guarantee
The uniformity that powder is laid with.
In the present embodiment, sieve plate 13 uses cylinder-like structure, and on the underlying end face of through-hole.In this way, in hair
During 12 rotation of brush, it is ensured that powder is moved in sieve plate 13 always, without splash phenomena occurs, to keep away
The waste for having exempted from powder reduces the use cost of powder.
As shown in connection with fig. 1, in the present embodiment, motor 11 and sieve plate 13 pass through first level bar 141 and the second water respectively
Flat bar 142 is connect with vertical bar 143, and first level bar 141 and the second horizon bar 142 by adjusting knob 144 and erect
Straight-bar 143 carries out adjustable be fixedly connected.
In this way, can not only be realized by the adjusting to 142 height of the second horizon bar to the independent of 13 position height of sieve plate
It adjusts, changes the drop height of powder, and then control the area that may be laid with covering when powder is fallen, make the laying of powder more
Uniform, controllable, but also the distance between adjustable first level bar 141 and the second horizon bar 142, i.e., adjustment hairbrush 12 with
The distance between sieve plate 13 to change the painting pressure size that hairbrush 12 during rotation generates powder, and then changes
Powder falls speed.
As shown in connection with fig. 1, a windshield 15 is additionally provided in powdering unit 1.In the present embodiment, windshield 15 uses
Glass material is process, and is located at the outside of the devices such as motor 11, hairbrush 12, sieve plate 13, so that powder be prevented to be laid with
Powder falling by the interference that outside air flows and influences the laying of powder bed in the process, and then improves and be laid with to powder
The protection of journey guarantees the laying quality to powder.Meanwhile the components such as power supply, switch and plug are isolated in the outer of windshield 15
Portion, to reduce the pollution caused by powder during the work time of above-mentioned component, to guarantee the matter of final composite metal
Amount.
In addition, being additionally provided with a powder blocking plate 16 in the lower section of sieve plate 13.Powder blocking plate 16 is equipped with a powder leakage hole, for falling
The drop zone of powder is controlled during powder, to improve the laying precision of powder.It at the same time, can also be by gear
Powder plate 16 is recycled the excessive powder fallen to other than laying work area, to reduce waste to powder, reduce at
This.
Preferably, as shown in connection with fig. 1, a vibrating motor 17 is additionally provided in the laying unit of the present embodiment 1.Vibrate horse
Connect up to 17 with sieve plate 13, for drive sieve plate 13 carry out by a small margin, high-frequency vibration, thus with 12 collective effect of hairbrush,
Realize the more uniform whereabouts of powder.At the same time, it is equipped in 13 top half of the sieve plate of the present embodiment overhanging in the horizontal direction
Step make to exist between sieve plate 13 and the second horizon bar 132 so that entire sieve plate 13 be made to ride upon on the second horizon bar 132
The gap of horizontal direction, in order to sieve plate 13 smoothly carry out by a small margin, high-frequency horizontal vibration, equally in other embodiments
In, the gap between sieve plate and the second horizon bar can also be carried out using the connection type of other structures and connected.
As shown in connection with fig. 2, die unit 2 be split type structure by upper punch 21, middle stamping 22 and bottom punch 23 combine and
At.Wherein, one being respectively equipped on upper punch 21 and bottom punch 23 and rushing core 24, a perforative punching is equipped on middle stamping 22
Hole 25.Punching 25 is corresponding with the shape and sectional dimension of rushing core 24, and the length that core 24 is rushed in upper punch 21 is greater than punching
25 depth rushes the depth that 24 length of core is less than punching 25 in bottom punch 23.In addition, rush core 24 and punching 25 sectional dimension and
Shape is corresponding with the cross sectional shape of composite metal and sectional dimension, thus according to the formation of the section of composite metal and section
The liquidate sectional dimension and shape of core 24 and punching 25 of size is adjusted correspondingly.
Preferably, the ontology of upper punch 21, middle stamping 22 and bottom punch 23 is process using wolfram steel material, while upper
The body surface of stamping 21, middle stamping 22 and bottom punch 23 coats one layer of stainless steel material.In this way, stamping sheet not only can be improved
The structural strength of body guarantees the reliability of use process, and can avoid in pressing process by stainless steel surface layer to powder
Pollution, improve the preparation quality of composite metal.
As shown in connection with fig. 3, press unit 3, including press machine 31 and pressure head 32.Wherein, in the present embodiment, press machine 31
It is fixed along the vertical direction using hand press, and by bracket.Pressure head 32 is connect with the output end of press machine 31, and
It is moved back and forth up and down under the driving of press machine 31.Meanwhile it being equipped with a base platform 33 in the lower section of pressure head 32, for putting
Set die unit 2.In other embodiments, it is required according to the pressure size of compacting, can choose various forms of press machines 31,
To meet the output of pressure, guarantee the pressing result of composite metal.
Preferably, pressure gauge 34 is additionally provided on press machine 31, for the output pressure of real-time display press machine 31, thus
It is precisely controlled the suppression power to powder, guarantees the processing quality to clad metal sheet.Meanwhile press machine 31 and bracket it
Between be additionally provided with tension spring 35, for carrying out auxiliary lifting to press machine 31, prevent inadvertently falling off for press machine 31, improve and use
The safety of process.
Next, in conjunction with shown in Fig. 1 to Fig. 3, by taking the preparation of double powder bed composite metals as an example, to using above-mentioned apparatus
The preparation process for carrying out composite metal is introduced.
Step S1, firstly, choosing the mould for rushing that core 24 and 25 geomery of punching are adapted according to the shape of composite metal
Has unit 2;Then, middle stamping 22 is set on bottom punch 23, and the state of stamping 22 upward in holding, by bottom punch 23
It is placed on the underface of sieve plate 13 together with middle stamping 22.Wherein, due to rushing 24 length of core less than middle stamping on bottom punch 23
25 depth of punching on 22, so that making punching 25 form bottom at this time closes groove for being laid with powder.
At the same time, powder blocking plate 16 is placed on middle stamping 22, and makes the powder leakage hole and punching 25 on powder blocking plate 16
Alignment.Wherein, the geomery of powder leakage hole and the geomery of punching 25 are consistent, the powder fallen in this way by sieve plate 13
In, a part falls directly to drop down onto be formed the laying layer of powder in punching 25 by powder leakage hole, and another part falls to gear powder
Powder on plate 16 then carries out recycling and reusing by powder blocking plate 16 in the later period, to reduce the wave in process of deployment to powder
Take.
First layer powder to be laid is placed on sieve plate 13, and adjusts between hairbrush 12 and sieve plate 13 by step S2
Distance, then start motor 11 and vibrating motor 17, pass through the painting pressure and vibration generated in 12 rotation process of hairbrush
Motor 17 to sieve plate 13 generate by a small margin, high-frequency vibration, the powder for keeping first layer to be laid pass through sieve plate 13 uniformly fall
It drops down onto punching 25.After the laying amount of the powder reaches requirement, motor 11 is closed, to complete the laying of first layer powder.
Step S3 closes motor 11 and vibrating motor 17, and will prepare in advance after the laying for completing first layer powder
Good solder is put into punching 25.Then, the operation in step S2 is repeated, the laying of second layer powder is completed.
Preferably, after the laying for completing first layer powder, sieve plate 13 and powder blocking plate 16 are subjected to whole replacement first, so
It carries out the laying of second layer powder again afterwards, to avoid the cross-mixing between two kinds of powder, especially avoids to rear laying powder
Ingredient impact, to guarantee in process of deployment accurately distinguishing for type and ingredient between different layers powder, and then guarantee
Different layers powdered ingredients is accurate in final composite metal, guarantees the effect being attached to dissimilar metal.
Step S4, firstly, 22 entirety of bottom punch 23 and middle stamping that first layer powder and second layer powder are laid with will be completed
It removes, and rushing upper punch 21 in the insertion of core 24 in the punching 25 of stamping 22.Then, entire die unit is moved into pressure
31 lower section of machine, makes pressure head 32 and upper punch 21 keep consistency from top to bottom relationship.
Step S5, firstly, starting press machine 31, applies downward pressure to upper punch 21 by pressure head 32, to punching 25
Interior powder bed and solder is suppressed.Then, mold is spun upside down and is removed after the completion of to be pressed and is now placed in the top
Bottom punch 23, composite metal made of compacting is removed from rushing on core 24 for upper punch 21, thus complete to composition metal
The compacting of piece.Finally, can be sealed after differentiation is marked to the powder bed of upper and lower surface in composite metal.
It is the introduction to double powder bed composite metal preparation process above, compares for those skilled in the art, according to
Foregoing description can be achieved on and be prepared to more powder bed composite metals by the operation repeatedly to step S2 and step S3
's.
Preferably, big according to the particle of choice of powder before carrying out powder laying in step S2 and step S3 of the invention
Small and sieve plate pore size carries out powder drop test in advance, determines that powder falls speed, i.e., powder in the unit time
Laying amount, so that, by the control to the time is laid with, realization is precisely controlled powder laying amount in practical process of deployment,
It can not be asked by measurement laying depth realization what powder bed laying amount was controlled with overcoming since laying thickness degree is too small
Topic.Wherein, in debugging process, the painting that is generated when being contacted by adjusting the velocity of rotation of hairbrush 12, hairbrush 12 and sieve plate 13
The relationship between effect of vibration power that pressure and vibrating motor 29 generate sieve plate 13, so that the speed that falls to powder carries out
It is precisely controlled, by being laid with the adjustment of time to powder, realizes the control to powder bed laying amount.
In addition, being supervised in real time in step S5 of the invention by the pressure value that pressure gauge 34 exports press machine 31
It surveys, to the output pressure of press machine 31 be controlled within the scope of best suppression power, to obtain to composite metal most
Good pressing result guarantees the quality of composite metal.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of composite metal preparation facilities, which is characterized in that including powdering unit, die unit and press unit;Wherein,
The powdering unit, including motor, hairbrush and sieve plate;The motor is fixed vertically downwards, the hairbrush and institute
Motor is stated to connect and rotated under the drive of the motor;The sieve plate is located at the lower section of the hairbrush, for holding
It is laid with powder;
The die unit, including upper punch, middle stamping and bottom punch;Punching is respectively equipped on the upper punch and the bottom punch
Core, the middle stamping are equipped with perforative punching;The punching is corresponding with the shape and size for rushing core, and it is described on
The depth of stamping rushed core length and be greater than the punching, the depth of the bottom punch rushed core length and be less than the punching;
The press unit, including press machine and pressure head;The pressure head is connect with the output end of the press machine, and described
It is moved back and forth up and down under the driving of press machine.
2. composite metal preparation facilities according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the motor and the sieve plate are distinguished
It is connect with a horizon bar, and two horizon bars are fixed on along the vertical direction in same vertical bar, two horizon bars
Position is adjustable.
3. composite metal preparation facilities according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the powdering unit further includes gear powder
Plate, the powder blocking plate are located at below the sieve plate, and powder leakage identical with the punching shape is equipped on the powder blocking plate
Hole.
4. composite metal preparation facilities according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the sieve plate uses stainless steel material
Barrel-like structure.
5. composite metal preparation facilities according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the device further includes windshield, institute
State the detachable outside for being located at the motor, the hairbrush and the sieve plate of windshield.
6. composite metal preparation facilities described in any one of -5 according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the device also wraps
Include vibrating motor;The vibrating motor is connect with the sieve plate, for drive the sieve plate carry out by a small margin, high-frequency vibration.
7. a kind of method for preparing composite metal, which is characterized in that using preparation described in any one of claim 1-6
Device, specifically includes the following steps:
The middle stamping is set on the bottom punch by step S1, and keeps middle stamping state upward, under described
Stamping and the middle stamping are placed below the sieve plate;
Powder to be laid is placed on the sieve plate by step S2, opens motor, generates painting to powder to be laid by hairbrush
Pressure makes powder to be laid pass through sieve plate and uniformly falls in punching, after powder laying amount reaches requirement, closes motor, complete
The laying of the powder bed;
Solder is put into punching the simultaneously operation of repeating said steps S2, successively successively completes the paving of all powder layer by step S3
If operation;
Step S4, after the laying for completing all powder layer, by rushing in core insertion in the punching of stamping for upper punch, and by entire mould
Tool unit moves to below press machine, and pressure head and upper punch is made to keep consistency from top to bottom;
Step S5 starts press machine, applies downward pressure to upper punch by pressure head, completes last to punching inner powder and solder
Compacting, thus composite metal made of being suppressed.
8. the preparation method of composite metal according to claim 7, which is characterized in that in the step S2, in advance
According to the hole size of sieve plate, hairbrush velocity of rotation and it is laid with powder particle size, obtain the laying powder falls speed,
Then control of the time realization to powder laying amount is laid with by control powder.
9. the preparation method of composite metal according to claim 7, which is characterized in that in the step S2, carry out
The powder blocking plate is placed on the middle stamping by powder in advance before being laid with, and make powder leakage hole on the powder blocking plate with it is described
Punching alignment sprawls shape and recycling excessive powder for controlling the powder dropped down on middle stamping.
10. the preparation method of composite metal according to claim 9, which is characterized in that in the step S3, carry out
When the laying of variety classes powder bed, corresponding integral replacing is carried out to the sieve plate and the powder blocking plate.
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JPH03291199A (en) * | 1990-04-05 | 1991-12-20 | Fuji Electric Co Ltd | Method for molding powder |
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CN101338384A (en) * | 2007-07-06 | 2009-01-07 | 湖南世纪特种合金有限公司 | Method for preparing heterogeneous texture cemented carbide |
JP2010114222A (en) * | 2008-11-05 | 2010-05-20 | Tamura Seisakusho Co Ltd | Dust core and method of manufacturing the same |
CN102554487A (en) * | 2010-11-08 | 2012-07-11 | 通用电气公司 | Improved system and method for brazing |
CN205840223U (en) * | 2015-12-26 | 2016-12-28 | 日本Sk化研株式会社 | Duplexer |
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2018
- 2018-08-02 CN CN201810868465.7A patent/CN108941550B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (7)
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JPH03291199A (en) * | 1990-04-05 | 1991-12-20 | Fuji Electric Co Ltd | Method for molding powder |
CN1347801A (en) * | 2000-09-12 | 2002-05-08 | 住友特殊金属株式会社 | Powder filling apparatus, pressing forming device with the same powder filling apparatus, powder filling method and sintered magnet producing method |
CN201020537Y (en) * | 2007-05-18 | 2008-02-13 | 西北有色金属研究院 | Cold isostatic moulding die for producing sintering powder filtering tube |
CN101338384A (en) * | 2007-07-06 | 2009-01-07 | 湖南世纪特种合金有限公司 | Method for preparing heterogeneous texture cemented carbide |
JP2010114222A (en) * | 2008-11-05 | 2010-05-20 | Tamura Seisakusho Co Ltd | Dust core and method of manufacturing the same |
CN102554487A (en) * | 2010-11-08 | 2012-07-11 | 通用电气公司 | Improved system and method for brazing |
CN205840223U (en) * | 2015-12-26 | 2016-12-28 | 日本Sk化研株式会社 | Duplexer |
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