CN108933522A - DC-DC converter with the adjuster with multiple parameters group - Google Patents
DC-DC converter with the adjuster with multiple parameters group Download PDFInfo
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- CN108933522A CN108933522A CN201810509369.3A CN201810509369A CN108933522A CN 108933522 A CN108933522 A CN 108933522A CN 201810509369 A CN201810509369 A CN 201810509369A CN 108933522 A CN108933522 A CN 108933522A
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- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 11
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- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 6
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
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- 238000004422 calculation algorithm Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 235000005035 Panax pseudoginseng ssp. pseudoginseng Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05F—SYSTEMS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G05F1/00—Automatic systems in which deviations of an electric quantity from one or more predetermined values are detected at the output of the system and fed back to a device within the system to restore the detected quantity to its predetermined value or values, i.e. retroactive systems
- G05F1/10—Regulating voltage or current
- G05F1/46—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is dc
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)
Abstract
It is a kind of for DC input voltage to be converted into the converter of DC output voltage,The converter is at least one inductance and preferably at least one capacitor,At least one described inductance and at least one described capacitor are connected with each other in the path of conduct power,Wherein,The current inductance value of inductance depends on the present current value of the electric current of flowing through coil,The converter has the adjuster for adjusting DC output voltage towards desired value,Wherein,Adjuster includes to determine that it adjusts the parameter group of behavior,Converter has the measurement module for seeking at least one characteristic value of at least one characteristic parameter of converter,And converter has the multiple parameters group that can be replaced for adjuster,Wherein,A corresponding parameter group in parameter group can activate in the regulators,Converter has for replacing the control module with a corresponding parameter group in activation parameter group in the regulators according at least one characteristic value in characteristic value.
Description
Technical field
Since the power density and same high efficiency, DC-DC high relative to simulation, vertical adjustment solution turn
Parallel operation is widely promoted now.Strongly simplifiedly, such system can so be described:It is generated by thyristor high
The alternating voltage of frequency, and the alternating voltage is transformed to DC voltage by the filter of higher order again.It is defeated to detect this
It voltage and is held it in desired value by adjusting out.
Background technique
For DC-DC converter another example is booster converters.By the booster converter it is possible that by DC
Input voltage is transformed to higher output voltage.The proportionate relationship of input voltage and output voltage substantially by switch element,
Such as the duty ratio (pulse width modulation) of the pwm signal on transistor limits.
Such as it is converted from the DC-DC of boost chopper (Hochsetzsteller) form known to 103 48 265 A1 of DE
Device.The boost chopper includes for by input voltage regulation to the desired expectation voltage level for being used for output voltage
Regulating device.Regulating device is executed during adjustment process for the desired expectation voltage level of output voltage and its
Desired value/actual value between corresponding current actual value compares.
Summary of the invention
Under frame of the invention, propose a kind of according to the present invention for DC input voltage to be converted into DC output voltage
Converter.Preferred or advantageous embodiment party of the invention is obtained from other configuration, next specification and attached drawing
Formula and other invention classifications.Preferably, the voltage of DC input voltage is nearly constant in time.Preferably, DC input electricity
Pressure is related to DC voltage, and the DC voltage, by rectification and smooth such generation then, is made by the alternating voltage of sinusoidal
It is nearly constant in time to obtain voltage.Alternatively, DC input voltage is related to the DC voltage of pulsation, and the DC voltage is by sine
The alternating voltage of shape by rectification, for example by bridge switch without then smooth or only carry out it is small back to back
It is generated in the case where smooth.
Converter includes at least one inductance, especially coil and preferably includes at least one capacitor, especially capacitor.
Inductance and optional capacitor are connected with each other in the path of conduct power.The current inductance value of inductance depends on the electricity of flowing through coil
The present current value of stream.
Converter includes the adjuster for adjusting DC output voltage towards desired value.Adjuster includes to determine that it adjusts row
For parameter group.Converter includes the measurement mould for seeking at least one characteristic value of at least one characteristic parameter of converter
Block.
Converter includes the replaceable multiple parameters group for adjuster.A corresponding parameter in the parameter group
Group can be activated in the regulators and is activated in operation.Converter includes for replacing and activating in the regulators the ginseng
The control module of a corresponding parameter group in array.Herein, it replaces and activates according at least one of characteristic parameter
Or the corresponding different characteristic value of corresponding characteristic parameter carries out.
" inductance " in the sense that at present is generally upper --- for all winding materials with response characteristic
Expect (Wickelg ü ter) or component be simplifiedly --- it may also be referred to as " coil ".They are for example in line truly
Circle, choke coil, transformer etc..According to meaning, it is suitable for concept " capacitor " accordingly, " capacitor " may also be referred to as " electricity
Container " represents condenser type component, especially in capacitor truly.
The present invention is based on following understanding:In order to keep constant output voltage in common DC/DC converter, measurement should
Output voltage is controlled by it compared with desired value and through regulating device (adjuster), and the regulating device (adjuster) is again
Correspondingly correct duty ratio (PWM in switch element).The design of the adjusting determines the operation action and operation peace of converter
Quan Xing.If adjusting designs too cautiously, this is additionally come out with the adjusting behavior expression in the load sudden change time difference.And if
It is radically adjusted very much, then the fluctuation that may be adjusted in some operating points.In this case, output voltage may be strong
Deviate desired value strongly or the breaking-up for the device that even changes.
The present invention provides following possibility:Tune is brought by different parameter groups for the different operating statuses of adjuster
Section device in and activate one of parameter group respectively there, thus in the case where being activated adjuster according to currently
Parameter group is handled or is adjusted.Operating status can be detected by the corresponding characteristic value of characteristic parameter.Control module
Suitable parameter group is selected according to current characteristic value.
As a result, therefore generating a kind of converter, which is conditioned with improving also for the service condition of altered self.
In a preferred embodiment, characteristic value is the current value of characteristic parameter." current " it is meant that the value with
Current current value exists or effectively at the time of identical with current inductance.Therefore, adjuster in the converter is newest
Fit through the real time reaction to current characteristic value to realize, especially to make to current current value and current inductance
It reacts out.
In a preferred embodiment, characteristic parameter is defeated by the current strength of inductance and/or the DC of converter
Enter the member of the DC output voltage of voltage and/or converter and/or temperature, especially converter in the converter or on converter
The temperature of part or component (especially inductance).
Therefore, the selection of current parameter group can be made to follow the characteristic for fatefully determining converter by control module
Characteristic parameter or depend on the characteristic parameter.
In a preferred embodiment, adjuster has for the sub- adjuster in inside of current value and exports for DC
The sub- adjuster in the outside of the voltage value of voltage.It especially can only replace the parameter group of internal sub- adjuster.
That is, adjuster adjusts ring (having external sub- adjuster) and external adjusts inside ring, packet described with external
It is contained in the external internal regulation ring adjusted in ring (there is internal sub- adjuster).
Replaceable parameter group is internal sub- adjuster or internal regulation ring parameter group.The embodiment corresponds to
Pandemic controller structure for DC-DC converter.Therefore, the present invention is suitable for pandemic converter side
Case.
Therefore, furthermore the present invention particularly effectively acts on the point of the most critical of DC-DC converter, that is, acts on electric current
In adjusting, because when the inductance of coil depending on electric current strong (can sense, simultaneous mass loss) changes
When, the inductance of coil is depended on by the current flow of coil.In this embodiment, the present invention intervenes the key position just
It sets, wherein, current regulation can be realized by the parameter group for depending on electric current.
In a preferred embodiment, converter includes the memory for parameter group.Therefore, it may be necessary to fast
Parameter group is transferred fastly and the parameter group is immediately available in the regulators.
In a kind of preferred variant schemes preferably, memory includes the look-up table for parameter group.At this
In, each combination of each characteristic value, such as each current value or (in the case where multiple characteristic parameters) characteristic value distributes
There is a corresponding parameter group.Therefore, it after seeking one (some) corresponding characteristic values, only has to quick and simple
Distributed parameter group singlely is extracted from look-up table and is provided it to adjuster or is activated there.Thereby, it is ensured that
Parameter group especially quickly and simply switches in converter.
In a preferred embodiment, converter is booster converter.Booster converter especially taking by its coil
It is involved certainly in the inductance value of electric current the problem of, so that the present invention is particularly effective for herein.
In a preferred embodiment, converter is CCM converter (Continuous Current Mode:Continuously
Current-mode) or DCM converter (Discontinuous Current Mode:Discontinuous current mode).Another excellent
In the embodiment of choosing, converted configuration is pfc circuit.Pfc circuit (Power Factor Correction, power factor school
Target just) is that so optimization harmonic wave --- the spectrum of the harmonic wave is assessed by power factor, so that in addition to fundamental wave is (in 50Hz
The electric current at place) except, it only include the harmonic wave of peanut.Therefore, the received active power of power factor description institute and view are in function
The proportionate relationship of rate.These transducer types are popular converter, thus the present invention provided in extensive technological accumulation and inheritance it is excellent
Point.
In a preferred embodiment, adjuster is digital governer.Digital governer in the sense that at present
Its adjusted result is exported, at the time of determining only to make the adjusted result can be applicable in converter or be applied
In the converter.It is dry without the adjuster of change in the converter in time interval at the time of until next correlation
In advance.This kind of digital governer is widely current in the converter, so that the present invention provides advantage for most converter.
In a kind of preferred variant schemes preferably, the parameter group being activated is in the regulators in adjuster
Do not change during the regulating cycle of number.In corresponding regulating cycle, adjuster executes determining inside according to input value and counts
It calculates, then to provide its adjusted result on the output.Thereby, it is ensured that being adjusted during inter-process in the regulators
Parameter change does not occur in device, may cause unpredictalbe adjusted result, therefore avoid this point.Therefore, adjust and by
This converter becomes more stable.
The present invention is based on following understanding, observation or considers and also there is the following embodiments and the accompanying drawings.Here, these are implemented
It is also referred to as " present invention " to mode simplified partial.Herein, these embodiments also may include above-mentioned embodiment
A part or combination or corresponding to its and/or when necessary also include the embodiment up to the present do not mentioned.
The important design standard of parameter for the adjusting in converter is used inductance (inductance type component).Root
According to used material, inductance value partly depends strongly on electric current.In such a case it is necessary to consider worst fortune
To determine adjuster size, this usually occurs with the compromise in adjusting behavior the inductance value of market condition simultaneously.In such case
Under, it is necessary to weigh, whether these limitations are acceptable or must use with inductance decline lesser, depending on electric current
(decline of inductance value), biggish and coil (inductive element) therefore costly.For example, with soft saturationCore material choke coil in, inductance value is in the current range that size determines for correspondingly most
High electric current drops to the one third of its initial value at the smallest electric current.The process is reversible.Once current interruptions,
Also reach initial inductance value again.
Therefore, a kind of conception of the invention is, in the adjusting for converter (especially booster converter), for strong
The current regulation loop for depending on inductance value strongly, defines multiple adjustment parameter groups, and the multiple adjustment parameter group considers logical
Cross the inductance decline in the case where electric current (especially choke currents) difference of inductance.Now, logical device (control module) root
It is determined according to (choke coil) electric current flowed through at present, which parameter group should be used for adjusting.The result is that one kind is in every kind of load feelings
Converter, such as booster converter of optimal adjusting behavior are shown under condition.Same adjusting behavior may only work as electricity
Feel (choke coil) just can be achieved when having the decline of lesser inductance in biggish range, but this is merely capable of through biggish ruler
It is very little and therefore biggish at original realization.
The present invention is based on considered below:There are different types of controller structures.Tune most common for DC-DC converter
Saving device structure is 2 adjuster of type, and 2 adjuster of type substantially corresponds to pi regulator, however there are following possibilities:
The phase change curve that route adjusted is targetedly influenced in the case where frequency can be determined freely, so as to most
Excellent ground regulating system.In the image area, which has transmission function:
The function can be converted into algorithm computable for microprocessor by z-transform.It obtains:
U[n]=A1U[n-1]+A2U[n-2]+B0E[n]+B1E[n-1]+B2E[n-2]。
Herein, U describes the output valve of adjuster, also, to describe input value (inclined from the calculating of desired value-actual value by E
Difference).The parameter n description measurement moment, wherein [n], which is represented, is used for current measurement/calculating value, and [n-1] is from last letter
Number calling etc..
Parameter Ax and Bx describe dynamic behavior and are sought by calculating.The parameter is so selected, so that adjuster
Optimally compensate the zero position of typical for topological structure pole and line transfer function.According to converter topologies and adjusting
Scheme obtains other calculation criterions for these parameters, therefore, should not further inquire into its source herein.
The adjustment parameter Bx of the current regulator of average-current mode CCM booster converter directly depends on the electricity of route
Sense.Therefore, in order to realize the present invention described here, the match parameter B0 to B2 during the runing time of adjuster, wherein
Especially it is noted that:Only change parameter before or after adjusting the calculating of algorithm.If changed in the adjuster computing interval
It carries out, then this may cause uncertain adjuster reaction or even results in the oscillation of adjuster.
According to the present invention it is possible to which parameter is made to also depend on other parameters (input voltage, output voltage, temperature).Parameter group
Number it is unrestricted, such as it is contemplated that look-up table, the look-up table distributes a parameter group to each current value.The present invention is not
It is constrained by booster converter.It can adapt the invention to any other converter, that is to say, that be suitable for all with electricity
The DC-DC converter of sense and capacitor.The present invention is not limited to CCM converter and can also be suitable at running turn of DCM
Parallel operation.
If in voltage lifting PFC (Power-Factor-Correction:Power factor correcting) in audio-frequency amplifier electricity
Make in the part of source in this way adjust come corrector choke inductance decline, then can be realized by this method:Entirely working
Choke currents are optimally adjusted in range and therefore adjust power network current and at the same time realizing as far as possible in each operating point
Good power factor.
It can be prevented simultaneously using biggish choke coil that may result in higher manufacturing cost, new.
Therefore, according to the present invention, depending on for the winding material in switch application is obtained by dynamically adjusting to match
The compensation of the inductance decline of electric current.
Detailed description of the invention
From next to the explanation of a preferred embodiment of the present invention and attached drawing obtain other feature of the invention, make
With and advantage.Here, being shown in schematical schematic diagram:
Fig. 1 converter according to the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Fig. 1 shows the converter 2 of CCM average-current mode booster converter form, have for current regulation, take
Certainly matched in the adjustment parameter of electric current for dynamic adjustment parameter.
Converter 2 is used to DC input voltage UE being converted into DC output voltage UA.Converter 2 includes inductance 4 and capacitor 6,
The inductance and capacitor are connected with each other in the path of conduct power 8.The current inductance value La of inductance 4 depends on flowing through inductance
The current current value Ia of 4 electric current 10 (being indicated by arrow).
Converter 2 includes the adjuster 12 for adjusting the current voltage value of output voltage UA towards desired value UAS.It adjusts
Section device 12 is included in the parameter group 14a for currently determining that it adjusts behavior.Therefore, parameter group 14a is currently swashed in adjuster 12
It is living.
In addition, converter 2 includes at least one characteristic value K for seeking at least one characteristic parameter 18 of converter 2
Measurement module 16.In this example, characteristic parameter 18 is electric current 10, and characteristic value K is current current value Ia.Therefore, it measures
Module 16 is current measuring device.Alternatively, or additionally, in other embodiments, characteristic parameter 18 is input voltage
UE, output voltage UA or inductance 4 or other objects temperature T.
Converter 2 is in total comprising the multiple parameters group 14a-c for adjuster 12.Parameter group 14b or 14c can also be
It is activated in adjuster 12.Then, the group being accordingly activated determines current adjusting behavior.Corresponding two other parameter groups are right
It is not activated afterwards.That is, (being activated) parameter group 14a-c can be replaced in adjuster 12.
That is, in this example, firstly, parameter group 14a is activated.Therefore, adjuster 12 is worked based on parameter group 14a.Parameter
Group 14b and 14c does not have influence to the behavior of adjusting now.
Converter 2 includes control module 20.The control module is used not only for replacing and for activating in adjuster 12
A corresponding parameter group of the parameter group 14a into c.Control module 20 is completed more according at least one of characteristic parameter 18
It changes and activates, wherein in this example, there are the unique characteristic parameters 18 of only one.In this example, characteristic value K points
Be not characterized the current value (current value Ia) of parameter 18 and therefore sought at the time of identical as current inductance value La or
Person is effective.In the example that one substitutes, second feature parameter 18 exists in the form of DC input voltage UE.Corresponding other spy
Value indicative K is the current voltage value of input voltage UE.Therefore, described two there are two different characteristic value K in converter 2
Characteristic value is provided to control module 20 and by the control module for selection parameter group 14a to c.
There is adjuster 12 internal sub- adjuster 22 (a part of internal regulation ring) and external sub- adjuster 24 (to adjust outside
Save a part of ring).Current value Ia (is supplied in the form of characteristic value K interior by internal regulation ring or sub- adjuster 22 herein
The sub- adjuster 22 in portion) it is adjusted towards desired value IS.Finally, external adjust ring or sub- adjuster 24 for DC output voltage UA according to it
Current voltage value (actual value UAI) is adjusted towards its desired value UAS.Here, the only parameter group 14a-c of internal sub- adjuster 22
It is replaceable.Therefore external sub- adjuster 24 is worked with fixed parameter group.
Converter 2 has the memory 26 for parameter group 14a-c, wherein memory 26 includes to be used for parameter group 14a-c
Look-up table or be embodied as such look-up table.Therefore, in this example, by the characteristic value K and phase in the form of current value Ia
The value range 28a-c answered compares, and if value K is located in corresponding value range 28a-c, by relevant parameter group 14a
Either 14b or 14c is activated and is used for the adjusting of adjuster 12.
In this example, adjuster 12 is digital governer.Therefore, pass through analog/digital converter (A/D-
Umsetzer) 30 controlling feature value K and DC output voltage UA.By Current Scan value UA [n] and K [n] and be stored in adjusting
Corresponding value in device 12, from previous sweep spacing [n-1] and [n-2], not shown further is by current adjusting
As a result the current adjusting knot of (i.e. the value of PWM [n]) as PWM grade 32 in the form of the duty ratio PWM modulated for pulse width
Fruit output.Herein, the duty ratio PWM for scanning moment [n-1] and [n-2] output previous is also considered in adjuster 12
[n-1] and PWM [n-2].Duty ratio PWM operates in the switch 34 in converter 2, such as usually in common converter it is known that
Therefore this point is not illustrated further herein.
Period between the output and corresponding value UA [n] and the input of K [n] of duty ratio PWM [n], which is referred to as, adjusts week
It phase Z and is symbolically shown in Fig. 1 by arrow.During the duration of regulating cycle Z, corresponding parameter group 14a,
B or c unchangeably keeps activation in adjuster 12, that is to say, that it is entire adjust algorithm according to parameter group 14a into c one
A progress.After regulating cycle Z terminates and before new regulating cycle Z starts, that is to say, that defeated in adjuster 12
, when necessary just can be with before the analysis processing of voltage UA and characteristic parameter K start out --- according to control unit 20 certainly
It is fixed --- an other parameter group in activation parameter group 14a-c.
Claims (10)
1. one kind is used to for DC input voltage (UE) being converted into the converter (2) of DC output voltage (UA),
With at least one inductance (4) and preferably there is at least one capacitor (6), at least one described inductance and it is described extremely
A few capacitor is connected with each other in the path (8) of conduct power, wherein the current inductance value (La) of the inductance (4) depends on
In the present current value (Ia) for the electric current (10) for flowing through the coil,
With the adjuster (12) for adjusting the DC output voltage (UA) towards desired value (UAS), wherein the adjuster
(12) comprising determining that it adjusts the parameter group (14a-c) of behavior, which is characterized in that
The converter (2) includes at least one spy for seeking at least one characteristic parameter (18) of the converter (2)
The measurement module (16) of value indicative (K), and
The converter (2) includes the multiple parameters group (14a-c) that can be replaced for the adjuster (2), wherein described
A corresponding parameter group in parameter group (14a-c) can activate in the adjuster (2),
The converter (2) include for according at least one characteristic value in the characteristic value (K) in the adjuster (2)
Replace and activate the control module (20) of one in the parameter group (14a-c) corresponding parameter group.
2. converter (2) according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the characteristic value (K) is the characteristic parameter (18)
Current value.
3. converter (2) according to any one of the preceding claims, which is characterized in that the characteristic parameter (18) is institute
State electric current (10) and/or the DC input voltage (UE) and/or the DC output voltage (UA) and/or temperature (T).
4. converter (2) according to any one of the preceding claims, which is characterized in that the adjuster (2), which has, to be used
In the current value (Ia) the sub- adjuster in inside (22) and have for the DC output voltage (UA) voltage value (UAI)
The sub- adjuster in outside (24), and the parameter group (14a-c) of the sub- adjuster in the inside (22) can be replaced.
5. converter (2) according to any one of the preceding claims, it is characterised in that be used for the parameter group (14a-c)
Memory (26).
6. converter (2) according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the memory (26) includes to be used for the parameter
The look-up table of group (14a-c).
7. converter (2) according to any one of the preceding claims, which is characterized in that the converter (2) is boosting
Converter.
8. converter (2) according to any one of the preceding claims, which is characterized in that the converter (2) turns for CCM
Parallel operation or DCM converter.
9. converter (2) according to any one of the preceding claims, which is characterized in that the adjuster (12) is number
Adjuster (12).
10. converter (2) according to claim 9, which is characterized in that the parameter group (14a-c) being activated is in institute
It states constant during the regulating cycle (Z) of the number of the adjuster (2) in adjuster (2).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
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DE102017208891.5A DE102017208891A1 (en) | 2017-05-26 | 2017-05-26 | DC-DC converter with controller with several parameter sets |
DE102017208891.5 | 2017-05-26 |
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CN108933522A true CN108933522A (en) | 2018-12-04 |
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CN201810509369.3A Pending CN108933522A (en) | 2017-05-26 | 2018-05-24 | DC-DC converter with the adjuster with multiple parameters group |
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DE102020118856A1 (en) | 2020-07-16 | 2022-01-20 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Method for determining at least one characteristic parameter of a component of a DC-DC converter using an electronic computing device, and electronic computing device |
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