CN108931499B - Coal spontaneous combustion oxygen concentration experimental test device and experimental test method - Google Patents
Coal spontaneous combustion oxygen concentration experimental test device and experimental test method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of coal spontaneous combustion experiments, and discloses an experimental testing device and an experimental testing method for coal spontaneous combustion oxygen concentration, wherein the experimental testing device comprises: the device comprises a furnace body, wherein a plurality of first through holes, a plurality of second through holes and a plurality of air leakage holes are uniformly formed in the side wall of the furnace body, a plurality of ceramic heating rods, a plurality of steel rods, a plurality of temperature sensors and a plurality of gas collection copper pipes are arranged in the furnace body, a temperature control device, a gas absorption tank, an oxygen laser spectrum detection device, a data collection card and a computer control system are arranged outside the furnace body, the plurality of ceramic heating rods and the plurality of temperature sensors are respectively connected with the temperature control device, the temperature control device is connected with the data collection card, the data collection card and the oxygen laser spectrum detection device are respectively connected with the computer control system, and the device and the method can effectively test the change of the oxygen concentration of spontaneous combustion of coal.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of coal spontaneous combustion experiments, in particular to an experimental testing device and an experimental testing method for coal spontaneous combustion oxygen concentration.
Background
Spontaneous combustion of coal refers to the phenomenon of self-ignition without ignition, and spontaneous combustion fire includes spontaneous combustion of coal fields and spontaneous combustion of mines. Spontaneous combustion of a coal field refers to the phenomenon that coal beds in an spontaneous combustion state are burnt along outcrop due to oxidation and heat accumulation under the spontaneous combustion environment. The fire disaster of the large-area coal field formed by continuously developing the spontaneous combustion of the coal field to the deep part is one of the major spontaneous combustion disasters facing human beings. The spontaneous combustion of the coal field is difficult to control, so that the treatment difficulty is high, and the problem is extremely difficult to solve.
For the research of the prior art, a cylindrical coal natural ignition experimental furnace is designed and established in the Pittsburgh laboratory in the United states in 1979 of J.B.Stott et al, and the research of mass and heat transfer processes of spontaneous combustion of coal is carried out. During 1987-1990, chen et al, again established a coal body natural ignition laboratory at the university of Kandelia for studying the oxygen consumption and heat transfer properties of coal. After 90 s, a large-tonnage coal natural ignition experiment table appears. A.C.Smith et al, 1991 established a large coal spontaneous combustion experimental furnace with 13 tons of coal charge; cliiff et al 1998 established a large coal spontaneous combustion experimental furnace with a coal charge of 16 tons. The method is characterized in that a first large natural ignition experiment table (0.85 ton of coal) in China is designed and developed slowly and wonderfully in the last 80 th century, then the coal loading amount is enlarged to 1.5 ton on the basis of improving and lifting the experiment table, the coal loading amount is enlarged to about 2.5 ton after 2013 is comprehensively improved, and a large experiment furnace capable of loading 15 tons of coal is established in a mountain and an ore group Nanny coal mine. The experimental table is used for simulating the development process of spontaneous combustion fire, and relevant research is carried out on parameters such as critical temperature, oxygen consumption rate, heat release strength, shortest natural ignition period and the like in the occurrence and development processes of coal fire.
In summary, the existing experimental method has high cost and long experimental period, and the existing experimental method has insufficient research on the influence of the coal field spontaneous combustion fire prediction and prediction technology on different air leakage positions and oxygen concentration field distribution, cannot meet the requirements of the coal spontaneous combustion prediction technology, and cannot provide more effective characteristic parameters for actual production and more effective technical guidance in work.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an experimental testing device and an experimental testing method for the spontaneous combustion oxygen concentration of coal, which can solve the problems in the prior art.
The invention provides a coal spontaneous combustion oxygen concentration experimental test device, which comprises: the furnace body, evenly be equipped with a plurality of first through-holes on the lateral wall of furnace body, a plurality of second through-holes and a plurality of air leakage mouth, be equipped with a plurality of ceramic heating rods in the furnace body, a plurality of steel bars, a plurality of temperature sensor and a plurality of gas acquisition copper pipe, a plurality of ceramic heating rods one-to-one inserts in the furnace body through a plurality of first through-holes, a plurality of steel bars one-to-one inserts in the furnace body through a plurality of second through-holes, a plurality of steel bars are all fixed with gas acquisition copper pipe in being close to furnace body central point department, all be fixed with temperature sensor in being close to furnace wall department, a plurality of ceramic heating rods and a plurality of steel bars are according to four position cross arrangement in the furnace body in east, south, west, the interval between two upper and lower adjacent ceramic heating rods is 150mm, be equipped with temperature control device on the furnace body, the furnace body is equipped with gas absorption pond outward, oxygen laser spectrum detection device, data acquisition card and computer control system, a plurality of temperature sensor are connected with temperature control device respectively, a plurality of gas acquisition copper pipe and gas absorption pond are linked together, oxygen laser spectrum detection device just sets up to gas absorption pond, temperature control device sets up, temperature control device and data acquisition card and computer control system.
The air inlets are respectively connected with an air pump through air inlet pipelines, electromagnetic valves are arranged on the air pumps, flow meters are arranged on the air inlet pipelines, the flow meters are connected with a data acquisition card, and the electromagnetic valves are connected with a computer control system.
The bottom of furnace body is equipped with a plurality of hydraulic support, and a plurality of hydraulic support evenly set up the peripheral edge in the furnace body bottom.
The ceramic heating rods are 24, the steel rods are 48, the temperature sensors are 48, the gas collecting copper pipes are 48, and the air leakage ports are 100.
The oxygen laser spectrum detection device comprises: the laser driver, the DFB laser and the optical fiber collimator are sequentially connected, the gas absorption tank is opposite to the optical fiber collimator and the photoelectric detector with the preamplifier, the phase-locked amplifier and the computer control system are sequentially connected, and the signal generator generates a signal overlapped by a low-frequency sawtooth wave signal and a high-frequency sine signal, and the low-frequency sawtooth wave modulation signal is used for slowly scanning an absorption peak of oxygen; the high-frequency sinusoidal signal is used for generating a harmonic signal, the harmonic signal is converted into laser light after passing through a laser driver and a DFB laser, the laser light is incident into a gas absorption tank filled with oxygen after passing through an optical fiber collimator, and then the laser light is emitted into a photoelectric detector with a preamplifier through a focusing lens; the photoelectric detector with the preamplifier converts the weak light signal after passing through the gas absorption tank into a weak electric signal and then sends the weak electric signal to the lock-in amplifier, the lock-in amplifier extracts the weak electric signal for harmonic detection, the lock-in amplifier transmits the detected second harmonic signal to the computer control system, and the computer control system inverts the oxygen concentration according to the lambert-beer law.
The gas absorption tank is internally provided with: the device comprises a spherical objective lens B, a spherical objective lens C, a spherical field lens M, an incidence deflection lens and an emergent deflection lens, wherein the incidence deflection lens and the emergent deflection lens are positioned at the edge of the field lens M, the distance from the field lens M to the objective lens B and the distance from the field lens M to the objective lens C are equal to the curvature radius R of the field lens M, the curvature center CC [ M ] of the field lens M is positioned at the junction of the objective lens B and the objective lens C, the curvature center of the objective lens B is positioned at a point CC [ B ] on the field lens M, the curvature center of the objective lens C is positioned at a point CC [ C ] on the field lens M, and the distances from the curvature center CC [ B ] of the objective lens B and the curvature center CC [ C ] of the objective lens C to the center point of the field lens M are equal.
The plurality of temperature sensors are K-type thermocouple temperature sensors.
The furnace body comprises an inner layer, a middle layer and an outer layer, wherein the inner layer is provided with refractory bricks, the middle layer is provided with an insulating layer, the insulating layer is made of aerogel materials, and the outer layer is made of carbon steel materials.
An experimental test method of an experimental test device for the spontaneous combustion oxygen concentration of coal comprises the following steps:
s1, crushing a coal sample by a jaw crusher, and then carrying out distribution analysis on the particle size of the coal sample;
s2, loading the coal sample subjected to particle size distribution analysis into a furnace body;
s3, inserting a plurality of ceramic heating rods into the coal sample through a plurality of first through holes, controlling the ceramic heating rods at different positions to heat the coal sample through a temperature control device, inserting a plurality of steel rods into the furnace body through a plurality of second through holes, monitoring the temperatures at different positions in real time through a plurality of temperature sensors, and transmitting the temperature change conditions at different positions to a computer control system through a data acquisition card for analysis;
s4, changing ventilation quantity in the furnace body through the air leakage port, detecting oxygen in the furnace gas entering the gas absorption tank through the gas collection copper pipe by adopting an oxygen laser spectrum detection device, and reversing the oxygen concentration at different positions through a computer control system;
s5, the computer control system determines the temperature and the oxygen concentration required by spontaneous combustion of the coal according to the heating temperature and the oxygen concentration.
The ventilation quantity of the air leakage port in the step S4 is calculated according to the flowmeter on the air inlet pipeline while the electromagnetic valve is controlled by the computer control system to start the air pump.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the experimental testing device for the spontaneous combustion oxygen concentration of the coal has the advantages of being rapid, efficient, high in accuracy and capable of being monitored in real time. The gas change conditions of different positions and the movement rule of a temperature field under the condition of spontaneous combustion of coal can be effectively monitored through gas collection points and temperature monitoring points which are arranged on each layer; the change condition of the oxygen concentration is effectively monitored through the oxygen laser spectrum detection device, so that the distribution rule of an oxygen concentration field under the condition of spontaneous combustion of the coal seam is obtained; the ventilation quantity is changed through the air leakage openings at different positions, so that the influence of different air leakage positions on a temperature field is researched; the experimental device has relatively less coal consumption and short experimental period, can greatly reduce the experimental cost and improve the precision of experimental data.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a longitudinal section of a coal spontaneous combustion oxygen concentration experimental testing device.
Fig. 2 is a schematic block diagram of a coal spontaneous combustion oxygen concentration experimental testing device provided by the invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the gas absorption cell of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an oxygen laser spectrum detection device of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of the experimental test method of the spontaneous combustion oxygen concentration of the coal according to the invention.
Reference numerals illustrate:
the device comprises a 1-furnace body, a 2-temperature control device, a 3-ceramic heating rod, a 4-steel rod, a 5-hydraulic support, a 6-first through hole, a 7-second through hole, an 8-air leakage port, a 9-computer control system, a 10-temperature sensor, a 11-gas collection copper pipe, a 12-gas absorption tank, a 13-oxygen laser spectrum detection device and a 14-data collection card.
Detailed Description
One embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the attached drawings, but it should be understood that the scope of the present invention is not limited by the embodiment.
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the experimental testing device for the spontaneous combustion oxygen concentration of coal provided by the embodiment of the invention includes: the furnace body 1, evenly be equipped with a plurality of first through-holes 6 on the lateral wall of furnace body 1, a plurality of second through-holes 7 and a plurality of air leakage mouth 8, be equipped with a plurality of ceramic heating rod 3 in the furnace body 1, a plurality of steel bar 4, a plurality of temperature sensor 10 and a plurality of gas acquisition copper pipe 11, a plurality of ceramic heating rod 3 one-to-one inserts in the furnace body 1 through a plurality of first through-holes 6, a plurality of steel bar 4 one-to-one inserts in the furnace body 1 through a plurality of second through-holes 7, a plurality of steel bar 4 all are fixed with gas acquisition copper pipe 11 in the position department that is close to the furnace body center, all be fixed with temperature sensor 10 in the position department that is close to the furnace wall, a plurality of ceramic heating rod 3 and a plurality of steel bar 4 all are according to east, south, north four positions cross arrangement in the furnace body 1, interval between two ceramic heating rod 3 that are 150mm from top to bottom, be equipped with temperature control device 2 on the furnace body 1, furnace body 1 is equipped with gas absorption cell 12, oxygen laser spectrum detection device 13, data acquisition card 14 and computer control system 9, a plurality of ceramic heating rod 3 and a plurality of temperature sensor 10 are connected with gas absorption device 12 and oxygen laser spectrum detection device 14 respectively with temperature sensor 14 respectively with temperature control device 12, gas acquisition copper pipe 14 and computer control system 14 are just to computer control system 14, temperature sensor device 14 are connected with gas acquisition device 14.
Working process and principle: the ceramic heating rods 3 enter the furnace body 1 through the first through holes 6 to heat coal samples at different positions in the furnace body 1, the oxygen laser spectrum detection device 13 detects the oxygen concentration at different positions by detecting the gas at different positions in the gas absorption tank 12 and collecting the gas at different positions through the gas collecting copper pipes 11, the temperature control device 2 controls the heating temperature of the ceramic heating rods 3 to heat the coal samples, the temperature sensors 10 detect the temperature at different positions in the coal samples, the air inlet amount in the furnace body 1 is controlled by closing or opening the different air leakage openings 8, and the computer control system 9 determines the distribution rule of the oxygen concentration field under the condition of spontaneous combustion through the collected real-time temperature at different heating positions and the real-time oxygen concentration at different positions.
As shown in fig. 1, the ceramic heating rods 3 are arranged in a mode of being arranged in the east, south, west and north, and three layers are arranged in total. This arrangement can be reasonable each device of effectual use, and each ceramic heating rod 3 can make the coal sample in the furnace body 1 be heated evenly, avoids appearing local coal body temperature too high condition, and reasonable simulation coal field spontaneous combustion condition, each temperature sensor 10 can be effectual under the real-time monitoring coal spontaneous combustion, the change condition of temperature, and each gas collection copper pipe can be to changing different air supply positions and the coal body under the different conditions of heating in-process, carries out gas collection, avoids appearing the condition that local position gas detection can not be detected.
The experimental testing device disclosed by the invention is non-contact, rapid, efficient, high in selectivity, high in sensitivity and capable of carrying out real-time online monitoring, trace variation of oxygen gas in the coal spontaneous combustion process is detected in real time, the spontaneous combustion degree of the coal is mastered in time, early warning of the spontaneous combustion of the coal is realized, and the accuracy of experimental data is improved.
The air outlets 8 are respectively connected with an air pump through air inlet pipelines, electromagnetic valves are arranged on the air pumps, flow meters are arranged on the air inlet pipelines and are connected with a data acquisition card 14, and a computer control system 9 controls the electromagnetic valves by adopting a LORA wireless technology.
In order to grasp the relationship between the air intake amounts of the plurality of air leaks 8 and the oxygen concentration, the air intake amounts of the plurality of air leaks 8 are controlled by the solenoid valve and the flow meter.
The bottom of furnace body 1 is equipped with a plurality of hydraulic support 5, and a plurality of hydraulic support 5 evenly set up the peripheral edge in furnace body 1 bottom.
The inclination angle of the furnace body 1 is changed by changing the heights of the hydraulic rods in the hydraulic supports 5, and the left end and the right end of the furnace body can be respectively controlled to simulate the spontaneous combustion development trend of the coal body under different coalbed occurrence states.
The ceramic heating rods 3 are 24, the steel rods 4 are 48, the temperature sensors 10 are 48, the gas collecting copper tubes 11 are 48, and the air leakage holes 8 are 100.
The furnace body 1 is cuboid, the overall dimension L of furnace body 1W H is 700mm 650mm, the overall dimension L W H of furnace chamber in furnace body 1 is 600mm, and the wall thickness is 50mm.
The external dimensions of the furnace body are 700mm long by 700mm wide by 650mm high, the furnace chamber dimensions are 600mm long by 600mm wide by 600mm high and 50mm thick. The coal amount used in the experiment is directly placed into the furnace body after crushing treatment, the coal loading amount is about 0.367 ton, the air leakage diameter is 5mm, and the diameters of the first through hole 6 and the second through hole 7 are 10mm.
As shown in fig. 4, the oxygen laser spectrum detection device 9 includes: the system comprises a signal generator, a laser driver, a DFB laser (distributed feedback laser), an optical fiber collimator, a gas absorption tank, a photoelectric detector with a preamplifier and a phase-locked amplifier, wherein the laser driver and the phase-locked amplifier are respectively connected with the signal generator; the high-frequency sinusoidal signal is used for generating a harmonic signal, the harmonic signal is converted into laser light after passing through a laser driver and a DFB laser, the laser light is incident into a gas absorption tank filled with oxygen after passing through an optical fiber collimator, and then the laser light is emitted into a photoelectric detector with a preamplifier through a focusing lens; the photoelectric detector with the preamplifier converts the weak light signal after passing through the gas absorption tank into a weak electric signal and then sends the weak electric signal to the lock-in amplifier, the lock-in amplifier extracts the weak electric signal for harmonic detection, the lock-in amplifier transmits the detected second harmonic signal to the computer control system, and the computer control system 9 inverts the oxygen concentration according to the lambert-beer law. In order to accurately extract the oxygen second harmonic peak value signal, a Levenberg-Marquardt nonlinear fitting algorithm is adopted, and the method is an iteration method, wherein an objective function is made to obtain the minimum value through repeated iteration, and then the optimal solution of the parameter to be solved is obtained. And (3) taking the Lorentz line type as a spectrum to perform linear fitting, and after fitting, using the obtained fitting parameters for calculating the oxygen volume fraction.
The light source is a Nanoplus Distributed Feedback Laser semiconductor laser with 760nm wavelength.
The gas absorption cell 12 is internally provided with: the device comprises a spherical objective lens B, a spherical objective lens C, a spherical field lens M, an incidence deflection lens and an emergent deflection lens, wherein the incidence deflection lens and the emergent deflection lens are positioned at the edge of the field lens M, the distance from the field lens M to the objective lens B and the distance from the field lens M to the objective lens C are equal to the curvature radius R of the field lens M, the curvature center CC [ M ] of the field lens M is positioned at the junction of the objective lens B and the objective lens C, the curvature center of the objective lens B is positioned at a point CC [ B ] on the field lens M, the curvature center of the objective lens C is positioned at a point CC [ C ] on the field lens M, and the distances from the curvature center CC [ B ] of the objective lens B and the curvature center CC [ C ] of the objective lens C to the center point of the field lens M are equal.
As shown in fig. 3, the distance between the field lens M and the objective lens B, C is equal to their radius of curvature R, which is twice its focal length f, i.e. r=2f, as readily available from geometrical optics. The curvature center CC [ M ] of the field lens M is located at the junction of the objective lenses B and C. The curvature centers CC [ B ] and CC [ C ] of the objective lenses B and C are all located on the field lens M, wherein the curvature center CC [ B ] of the objective lens B is located below the center point of the field lens M, the curvature center CC [ C ] of the objective lens C is located above the field lens M, the distances from the two curvature centers to the center point of the spherical lens M are equal, L is L, and L is a small distance.
In addition, at the edge of the field lens M, an incident deflection mirror ITM and an outgoing deflection mirror OTM are also mounted. In general, when the structure of the white cell is determined, the position of the exit deflection mirror is determined by the position of the entrance deflection mirror. Their function is to reflect light into and out of the white cell, respectively, and the optical path length in the white cell can be adjusted by adjusting the positions of the two deflection mirrors.
The plurality of temperature sensors 10 are type K thermocouple temperature sensors.
The furnace body 1 comprises an inner layer, a middle layer and an outer layer, wherein the inner layer is provided with refractory bricks, the middle layer is provided with an insulating layer, the insulating layer is made of aerogel materials, and the outer layer is made of carbon steel materials.
The heat preservation layer prevents the temperature in the furnace body 1 from conducting heat outwards through the furnace body, simulates the spontaneous combustion condition of coal, and improves the experimental process.
As shown in fig. 5, a coal spontaneous combustion oxygen concentration experimental test method comprises the following steps:
s1, crushing a coal sample by a jaw crusher, and then carrying out distribution analysis on the particle size of the coal sample;
s2, loading the coal sample subjected to particle size distribution analysis into a furnace body 1;
s3, inserting a plurality of ceramic heating rods 3 into a coal sample through a plurality of first through holes 6, controlling the ceramic heating rods 3 at different positions to heat the coal sample through a temperature control device 2, inserting a plurality of steel rods 4 into a furnace body 1 through a plurality of second through holes 7, monitoring the temperatures at different positions in real time through a plurality of temperature sensors 10, and transmitting the temperature change conditions at different positions to a computer control system 9 through a data acquisition card 14 for analysis;
s4, changing the ventilation quantity in the furnace body 1 through the air leakage port 8, detecting oxygen in the furnace gas entering the gas absorption tank 12 through the gas collection through pipe 11 by adopting the oxygen laser spectrum detection device 9, and reversing the oxygen concentration at different positions through the computer control system 9;
s5, the computer control system 9 determines the temperature and the oxygen concentration required by spontaneous combustion of the coal according to the heating temperature and the oxygen concentration.
The ventilation amount of the air leakage port 8 in the step S4 is calculated according to the flowmeter on the air inlet pipeline while controlling the electromagnetic valve to start the air pump through the computer control system 9.
The application method and the working principle are as follows: the coal spontaneous combustion oxygen concentration experimental test device provided by the invention is designed by selecting the high-temperature-resistant material, and has the advantages of rapidness, high efficiency, high accuracy, real-time monitoring and the like.
The temperature in the furnace can be effectively controlled and prevented from being diffused through the temperature detection and control system, so that the purpose of reducing temperature loss is achieved, the rationality of test data is guaranteed, and after a test coal sample is filled for testing, the data required by the test can be obtained through the instrument of the temperature control device, and the operation is convenient.
The oxygen laser spectrum detection device 13 is used for effectively monitoring the change condition of the oxygen concentration of each gas detection hole, so that the distribution rule of the oxygen concentration field under the condition of spontaneous combustion of the coal seam is obtained.
The method for testing the distribution of the oxygen concentration field in the coal field fire area by utilizing the laser provided by the invention tests the underground coal fire oxygen concentration and the distribution characteristics thereof under the condition of semi-closed complex air leakage, and can provide the movement rule of the oxygen concentration field under the condition of spontaneous combustion of coal.
The experimental device can simulate and research the distribution rule of the oxygen concentration field under the condition of spontaneous combustion of the coal seam, and can provide more accurate guidance for the condition of spontaneous combustion of the coal seam of the mine, thereby effectively reducing the loss and influence caused by fire disaster of the coal seam.
The coal spontaneous combustion oxygen concentration experimental test device provided by the invention is designed by selecting the high-temperature-resistant material, and has the advantages of rapidness, high efficiency, high accuracy, real-time monitoring and the like. (1) The temperature detection and control system can effectively control the temperature in the furnace and prevent the temperature from diffusing, so that the purpose of reducing the temperature loss is achieved to ensure the rationality of test data, and the data required by the test can be obtained through the instrument of the temperature control device after the test coal sample is filled for the test; (2) the change condition of the oxygen concentration of each gas detection hole is effectively monitored through an oxygen laser spectrum detection device, so that the distribution rule of an oxygen concentration field under the condition of spontaneous combustion of a coal bed is obtained; (3) through adjusting the air leakage ports at different positions, the gas collection and analysis system is applied to select different positions for gas collection and analysis, so that the influence of different air leakage positions on a temperature field is researched; (4) a hydraulic experiment table bracket is additionally arranged below the furnace body, and the left end and the right end of the hydraulic experiment table bracket can be respectively controlled to change the angle of the experiment table so as to simulate the spontaneous combustion development trend of the coal body under different coalbed occurrence states; (5) the required coal loading amount of the experimental device is about 0.367 ton, the coal consumption is relatively small, the experimental period is short, the experimental cost can be greatly reduced, and the accuracy of experimental data can be improved.
The experimental testing device for the spontaneous combustion oxygen concentration of the coal has the advantages of being rapid, efficient, high in accuracy and capable of being monitored in real time. The gas collection points and the temperature monitoring points which are arranged on each layer can be used for effectively monitoring the gas change conditions at different positions and the movement rule of a temperature field under the condition of spontaneous combustion of coal, and the oxygen laser spectrum detection device can be used for effectively monitoring the change condition of the oxygen concentration, so that the distribution rule of the oxygen concentration field under the condition of spontaneous combustion of coal beds is obtained; the ventilation quantity is changed through the air leakage openings at different positions, so that the influence of different air leakage positions on a temperature field is researched; the experimental device has relatively less coal consumption and short experimental period, can greatly reduce the experimental cost and improve the precision of experimental data.
The foregoing disclosure is merely illustrative of some embodiments of the invention, but the embodiments are not limited thereto and variations within the scope of the invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art.
Claims (10)
1. An experimental testing device for the spontaneous combustion oxygen concentration of coal, which is characterized by comprising: the furnace body (1), evenly be equipped with a plurality of first through-holes (6) on the lateral wall of furnace body (1), a plurality of second through-holes (7) and a plurality of air leakage mouth (8), be equipped with a plurality of ceramic heating rod (3) in furnace body (1), a plurality of steel bar (4), a plurality of temperature sensor (10) and a plurality of gas collection copper pipe (11), a plurality of ceramic heating rod (3) one-to-one insert in furnace body (1) through a plurality of first through-holes (6), a plurality of steel bar (4) one-to-one insert in furnace body (1) through a plurality of second through-holes (7), a plurality of steel bar (4) are all fixed with gas collection copper pipe (11) in the position that is close to the furnace body center, all be fixed with temperature sensor (10) in the position that is close to the furnace wall, a plurality of ceramic heating rod (3) and a plurality of steel bar (4) are according to east, south, west, four places cross arrangement in furnace body (1), the interval between two upper and lower adjacent ceramic heating rod (3) is 150mm, be equipped with temperature control device (2) on furnace body (1), gas (12), gas sensor (13) and a plurality of temperature sensor (14) and a plurality of temperature sensor (13) are gathered respectively, temperature sensor (14) and a plurality of temperature sensor devices are located in the ceramic sensor (1, the plurality of gas collection copper pipes (11) are communicated with the gas absorption tank (12), the oxygen laser spectrum detection device (13) is arranged opposite to the gas absorption tank (12), the temperature control device (2) is connected with the data collection card (14), and the data collection card (14) and the oxygen laser spectrum detection device (13) are respectively connected with the computer control system (9).
2. The experimental testing device for the concentration of the spontaneous combustion oxygen of the coal according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of air leakage openings (8) are respectively connected with an air pump through air inlet pipelines, electromagnetic valves are arranged on the air pumps, flow meters are arranged on the air inlet pipelines, the flow meters are connected with a data acquisition card (14), and the electromagnetic valves are connected with a computer control system (9).
3. The experimental testing device for the concentration of spontaneous combustion oxygen of coal according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of hydraulic supports (5) are arranged at the bottom of the furnace body (1), and the hydraulic supports (5) are uniformly arranged at the circumferential edge of the bottom of the furnace body (1).
4. The experimental testing device for the spontaneous combustion oxygen concentration of the coal according to claim 1, wherein the number of the ceramic heating rods (3) is 24, the number of the steel rods (4) is 48, the number of the temperature sensors (10) is 48, the number of the gas collecting copper tubes (11) is 48, and the number of the air leakage ports (8) is 100.
5. The experimental testing device for the spontaneous combustion oxygen concentration of coal according to claim 1, wherein the oxygen laser spectrum detection device (9) comprises: the laser driver, the DFB laser and the optical fiber collimator are sequentially connected, the gas absorption tank is opposite to the optical fiber collimator and the photoelectric detector with the preamplifier, the phase-locked amplifier and the computer control system are sequentially connected, and the signal generator generates a signal overlapped by a low-frequency sawtooth wave signal and a high-frequency sine signal, and the low-frequency sawtooth wave modulation signal is used for slowly scanning an absorption peak of oxygen; the high-frequency sinusoidal signal is used for generating a harmonic signal, the harmonic signal is converted into laser light after passing through a laser driver and a DFB laser, the laser light is incident into a gas absorption tank filled with oxygen after passing through an optical fiber collimator, and then the laser light is emitted into a photoelectric detector with a preamplifier through a focusing lens; the photoelectric detector with the preamplifier converts a weak light signal after passing through the gas absorption tank into a weak electric signal and then sends the weak electric signal to the lock-in amplifier, the lock-in amplifier extracts the weak electric signal for harmonic detection, the lock-in amplifier transmits the detected second harmonic signal to the computer control system, and the computer control system (9) inverts the oxygen concentration according to the lambert-beer law.
6. The experimental testing device for the spontaneous combustion oxygen concentration of coal according to claim 1, wherein the gas absorption tank (12) is internally provided with: the device comprises a spherical objective lens B, a spherical objective lens C, a spherical field lens M, an incidence deflection lens and an emergent deflection lens, wherein the incidence deflection lens and the emergent deflection lens are positioned at the edge of the field lens M, the distance from the field lens M to the objective lens B and the distance from the field lens M to the objective lens C are equal to the curvature radius R of the field lens M, the curvature center CC [ M ] of the field lens M is positioned at the junction of the objective lens B and the objective lens C, the curvature center of the objective lens B is positioned at a point CC [ B ] on the field lens M, the curvature center of the objective lens C is positioned at a point CC [ C ] on the field lens M, and the distances from the curvature center CC [ B ] of the objective lens B and the curvature center CC [ C ] of the objective lens C to the center point of the field lens M are equal.
7. The coal spontaneous combustion oxygen concentration experimental testing device according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of temperature sensors (10) are K-type thermocouple temperature sensors.
8. The experimental testing device for the spontaneous combustion oxygen concentration of coal according to claim 1, wherein the furnace body (1) comprises an inner layer, a middle layer and an outer layer, the inner layer is provided with refractory bricks, the middle layer is provided with an insulating layer, the insulating layer is made of aerogel materials, and the outer layer is made of carbon steel materials.
9. The experimental testing method of the experimental testing apparatus for the concentration of spontaneous combustion oxygen in coal according to any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising the steps of:
s1, crushing a coal sample by a jaw crusher, and then carrying out distribution analysis on the particle size of the coal sample;
s2, loading the coal sample subjected to particle size distribution analysis into a furnace body (1);
s3, inserting a plurality of ceramic heating rods (3) into the coal sample through a plurality of first through holes (6), controlling the ceramic heating rods (3) at different positions to heat the coal sample through a temperature control device (2), inserting a plurality of steel rods (4) into the furnace body (1) through a plurality of second through holes (7), monitoring the temperatures at different positions in real time through a plurality of temperature sensors (10), and transmitting the temperature change conditions at different positions to a computer control system (9) through a data acquisition card (14) for analysis;
s4, changing ventilation quantity in the furnace body (1) through the air leakage port (8), detecting oxygen in furnace gas entering the gas absorption tank (12) through the gas collection copper pipe (11) by adopting the oxygen laser spectrum detection device (13), and reversing oxygen concentration at different positions through the computer control system (9);
s5, the computer control system (9) determines the temperature and the oxygen concentration required by spontaneous combustion of the coal according to the heating temperature and the oxygen concentration.
10. The experimental test method of the experimental test device for the concentration of oxygen in spontaneous combustion of coal according to claim 9, wherein the ventilation amount of the air leakage port (8) in the step S4 is calculated by controlling the electromagnetic valve to turn on the air pump through the computer control system (9) and simultaneously according to the flowmeter on the air inlet pipeline.
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