CN108931140B - Tower-type agglomerate cooler and agglomerate cooling method - Google Patents
Tower-type agglomerate cooler and agglomerate cooling method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108931140B CN108931140B CN201710367579.9A CN201710367579A CN108931140B CN 108931140 B CN108931140 B CN 108931140B CN 201710367579 A CN201710367579 A CN 201710367579A CN 108931140 B CN108931140 B CN 108931140B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D15/00—Handling or treating discharged material; Supports or receiving chambers therefor
- F27D15/02—Cooling
- F27D15/0286—Cooling in a vertical, e.g. annular, shaft
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
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Abstract
A tower type sinter cooler and a sinter cooling method, wherein the tower type sinter cooler comprises: the tower body consists of a feeding section, a uniform distribution air outlet section, a cooling section and a uniform discharge air blowing section, wherein the rotary distributor is arranged at the top end of the feeding section, and a discharge hole of the rotary distributor extends downwards into the feeding section; the uniform distribution air outlet section is connected with the lower end of the feeding section, the hot air annular air channel is arranged at the lower part of the feeding section and around the outer side of the uniform distribution air outlet section, the cooling section is arranged below the uniform distribution air outlet section, the uniform discharge air blast section is arranged below the cooling section, and the plurality of discharge cone hoppers are annularly distributed at the lower end of the uniform discharge air blast section or uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction; and a discharging device is arranged below each discharging cone bucket. The invention has simple structure, reliable sealing and high waste heat recovery efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a tower type agglomerate cooler and a agglomerate cooling method, belonging to the field of iron making and environmental protection.
Background
In modern sintering processes, "cooling" is one of the more critical processes. After the sintering of the sintering machine, high Wen Chengpin ore is formed, and the problem of how to perform protective cooling on the high Wen Chengpin ore on the premise of not affecting the quality and the yield of the high Wen Chengpin ore is solved, so that the high Wen Chengpin ore can be conveyed into a finished ore bin through a belt conveyor, and meanwhile, the heat-generating energy carried by the high Wen Chengpin ore is perfectly recycled, so that the high Wen Chengpin ore is a constant research problem for the technical personnel in the industry. Since the 60 s of the 20 th century, the cooling process of sintered ores has been rapidly developed, and is mainly divided into three categories, namely belt cooling, ring cooling and disc cooling. In the later market competition, the belt cooling technology is eliminated, and the rest ring cooling technology and the disc cooling technology have advantages and disadvantages. But comprehensively comparing, the disc cooler has better utilization rate of the waste heat than the ring cooler (all sensible heat of the sinter is recycled), so the disc cooler is widely applied to foreign markets, and the patent also describes the technology of the disc cooler.
The technology of the disk cooler starts to develop from the 70 s, and the disk cooler is started to transversely cool the disk, namely, cooling air flows from the inner ring to the outer ring of the disk cooler, transversely passes through a material layer to be cooled to exchange heat with the material layer, and the cooling air after heat exchange is directly discharged to the atmosphere. The technology of the dish cooler is an exhaust type longitudinal dish cooling technology proposed by Hitachi, japan and well-contained steel. The technology adopts air draft, cooling air is pumped into the bottom of the material to be cooled from the atmosphere, then longitudinally passes through the material layer upwards, and finally is blown out from the upper part of the material layer to enter the subsequent working procedures. This solution has been greatly optimized and advanced compared to the very beginning one, which is described in detail below.
JP2008232519a (mitsubishi hitachi and well-held steel, hereinafter D1) discloses an induced draft type longitudinal disc cooling technique, see fig. 1 therein: the hot sinter falls into the feeding chute from the tail part of the sintering machine, and is piled up into a material column with a certain height in the chute, so that the effect of uniform blanking is achieved on one hand, and the effect of preventing the air from flowing through the feeding port is achieved on the other hand. Mineral aggregate continuously passes through the hood downwards and then enters the box body of the tray cooler to be pushed into a material column with a certain height. Meanwhile, the air near the disc cooler is sucked into the material column through the louver air inlet device under the influence of the negative pressure of the exhaust fan, and passes through the material column from bottom to top to exchange heat with the material column, and the air after heat exchange passes out of the top surface of the material column and enters the air outlet to be sent to the gravity dust remover and the waste heat boiler, and finally passes through the exhaust fan and is discharged. The sintered material cooled by air forms an annular stacking area with a cross section of a triangle with a stacking angle of 37 degrees at a tray at the lower part of the tray cooler, and when the sintered material is rotated to a discharging area, the sintered material is scraped by a scraping plate device, and the cooling process is completed to enter the next process link.
Although the 'induced draft type longitudinal disc cooling technology' of Mitsubishi Hitachi and Zhongsheng steel has obvious progress compared with the conventional technology, the following five defects still exist:
1) The overall height requirement of the device is too high: because the 'induced draft type longitudinal disc cooling technology' adopts an induced draft mode, a material seal, namely a material column piled in a feeding chute in the figure 1 of D1, is necessarily arranged at the position of a feeding inlet, and the height of the material seal is 1.2-1.5 times of the height of the material column in the box body of the disc cooler. Therefore, the height of the whole disc cooling device is increased intangibly, and the elevation of the whole sintering machine is required to be increased or the civil engineering plane of the disc cooling machine is required to be dug downwards during construction and installation. Whichever way is selected, the method can cause high primary investment cost, and is not cost-effective in economic index;
2) The open circulation of the wind flow leads to low waste heat utilization rate and environmental pollution: because the wind flow of the 'induced draft type longitudinal disc cooling technology' is in open circuit circulation, the air discharged from the waste heat boiler is directly discharged outwards and is not recycled, so that more than 100 degrees of sensible heat of the air is wasted, and the discharged air contains a large amount of small particle dust, so that the air is polluted by particles to a certain extent;
3) The material at the feed inlet is seriously worn: because the material seal is arranged at the feeding chute by the 'induced draft type longitudinal disc cooling technology', a friction distance exists between the lower part of the material seal and the upper layer of the material surface in the disc cooler box body. At the moment, the sintering material is easy to pulverize and crush when rubbed under the double-layer severe working condition of high temperature and upper material column extrusion, thereby reducing the yield of the sintering machine;
4) The environmental pollution is serious: because of the negative pressure air draft technology adopted by the air draft type longitudinal disc cooling technology, a sealing cover device is not arranged at the tray at the lower part of the box body. Thus, when the sinter is scraped by the scraper device, a large amount of fine particles and dust are easy to splash. And in case the exhaust fan is in fault maintenance, all the material dust pushed around the disc cooler can enter the atmosphere, and the operation environment beside the disc cooler is affected adversely.
5) The heat efficiency of the waste heat boiler is not the highest: because the air passing through the material layer is not accurately classified according to the air temperature by the 'induced draft type longitudinal disc cooling technology', and is fully mixed into the waste heat boiler, when the air temperature at the outlet of the low-temperature section is too low, the temperature of the air entering the waste heat boiler is inevitably lowered, and therefore the heat efficiency value of the waste heat boiler is reduced.
At present, the sintering ore cooling mainly adopts a traditional belt type cooler or a ring type cooler based on the principle of rapid cooling by strong air and one-time loading and unloading cooling. The cooler has the problems of high air leakage rate, high power consumption of a fan, low sensible heat recovery rate, low thermal efficiency of a boiler and the like no matter which cooling mode is adopted. In other words, in the current large environment with more and more strict requirements on energy conservation, consumption reduction and green manufacturing in the market, the original equipment structure has hardly realized efficient recovery and utilization of the sensible heat of the sinter.
Therefore, the limitation of traditional ring cooling or belt cooling is broken through, and the development of a process and technical equipment for efficiently recovering the sensible heat of the sinter is a necessary path for energy conservation and environmental protection in the sintering industry.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, a large amount of research work on the sensible heat recovery of the sintering ores at home and abroad is performed, and a technology for cooling the countercurrent thick material layer of the sintering ores based on low air cooling is provided. The process has the characteristics of low cooling speed of the sinter, small ton consumption cooling air quantity, relatively small waste gas quantity, high waste gas temperature, high thermal efficiency of the boiler, capability of completely utilizing the cooling waste gas by the boiler, and general sensible heat recovery rate of the sinter reaching about 70 percent. According to the sintering ore countercurrent thick material layer cooling process, the invention provides the vertical cooler which has the characteristics of uniform material distribution, uniform material discharge and uniform air distribution, so that the cooler has good cooling effect and high hot air temperature, and meets the requirements of the sintering ore countercurrent thick material layer cooling process.
Compared with the original annular cooler, the vertical cooler has the advantages of simple structure, reliable sealing, no air leakage, small equipment maintenance amount and high waste heat recovery efficiency.
It is an object according to the invention to provide a vertical cooler for cooling sinter which is of tower construction and which can therefore also be referred to as tower cooler.
According to the present invention, there is provided a vertical cooler or a tower cooler comprising: rotatory distributing device, feeding section, even cloth air-out section, cooling section, even row material blast section, a plurality of row material awl fill, hot-blast annular wind channel, the hot-blast export that is equipped with at the top or the side in hot-blast annular wind channel, wherein: the feeding section, the uniform distribution air outlet section, the cooling section and the uniform discharge air blast section form a tower body, the rotary distributor is arranged at the top end of the feeding section, and a discharge hole of the rotary distributor extends downwards into the feeding section; the uniform distribution air outlet section is connected with the lower end of the feeding section, the hot air annular air channel is arranged at the lower part of the feeding section and around the outer side of the uniform distribution air outlet section, the cooling section is arranged below the uniform distribution air outlet section, the uniform discharge air blast section is arranged below the cooling section, and the plurality of discharge cone hoppers are annularly distributed at the lower end of the uniform discharge air blast section or uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction; and
a discharging device is arranged below each discharging cone bucket.
Preferably, the discharge device is a vibratory feeder or a plate feeder. Preferably, a cold sinter transport device is arranged below the end of the vibration feeder.
Preferably, the discharging equipment is a plate-type ore feeder, a discharging chute or a discharging hopper is arranged below a discharging hole of the plate-type ore feeder, and a cold sinter conveying device is arranged below the discharging chute or the discharging hopper. Preferably, a gate valve is arranged at the tail end or the lower part of the discharge cone hopper.
Preferably, the lower part of the cooling section (preferably along the circumferential direction) is provided with a plurality of temperature probes. More preferably, the temperature measuring probe is a thermocouple temperature sensor.
Preferably, the uniform discharging blast section comprises a hood, an annular or C-shaped inner ring air inlet duct, an air inlet duct branch pipe, an air ring and an outer ring air inlet duct which are positioned at the center, wherein: a fixed gap is formed between the lower part of the side wall of the cooling section and the top of the side wall of the uniform discharging blasting section to serve as an air ring, an outer ring air inlet pipe surrounds the periphery of the outer side of the air ring, and an air inlet pipe branch pipe is used for communicating the bottom space of the blast cap, the inner ring air inlet pipe and the outer ring air inlet pipe.
Preferably, the uniform distribution air outlet section comprises an annular air outlet channel and an air outlet channel branch pipe, wherein: the annular air outlet duct is communicated with the hot air annular air duct through the air outlet duct branch pipe; preferably, the periphery of the uniform cloth air outlet section is of a shutter structure.
Preferably, the top ends of the hood and the inner ring air inlet duct are seals, the lower ends of the hood and the inner ring air inlet duct are openings, and the side walls of the hood and the inner ring air inlet duct are louver structures.
Preferably, the tower cooler comprises 1-4 inner ring air inlet ducts, preferably 2-3 inner ring air inlet ducts.
Preferably, the top end of the annular air outlet channel is a seal, the lower end of the annular air outlet channel is an opening, and the side wall of the annular air outlet channel is a shutter structure.
The tower cooler comprises 1-4 annular air outlet channels, preferably 2-3 annular air outlet channels. Preferably, the circle centers of the plurality of annular air outlet channels are overlapped.
Preferably, the number of the discharge cone hoppers is 4-12, preferably 6-10 and 6-8.
Typically, the number of inlet duct branches is 1 to 12, preferably 2 to 10, more preferably 4 to 8, and even more preferably 6 to 8.
Typically, the number of outlet legs is 1-12, preferably 2-10, more preferably 4-8, and even more preferably 6-8.
Typically, the discharge apparatus is a double-deck vibratory feeder. The double-layer vibration feeder comprises a machine body bracket, an upper layer vibration groove, a lower layer vibration groove and a vibrator; the upper layer vibration groove and the lower layer vibration groove are arranged on the machine body support, the upper layer vibration groove is located above the lower layer vibration groove, and the upper layer vibration groove and the lower layer vibration groove are respectively connected with the vibrator. Preferably, the upper layer vibration groove and/or the lower layer vibration groove are/is provided with an adjusting device, and the adjusting device adjusts the inclination angle of the bottom plate of the lower layer vibration groove.
Preferably, the vibrator includes an upper vibrator and a lower vibrator, the upper vibrator is connected with the upper vibration groove, and the lower vibrator is connected with the lower vibration groove. Preferably, the upper layer vibration groove and the lower layer vibration groove are arranged on the machine body bracket through springs.
Preferably, the tower cooler further comprises a control system, wherein the control system is connected with the uniform distribution air outlet section, the uniform discharge air blast section, the cold sinter conveying device, the gate valve, the temperature measuring probe and the discharge equipment, and controls the operations of the uniform distribution air outlet section, the uniform discharge air blast section, the cold sinter conveying device, the gate valve, the temperature measuring probe and the discharge equipment.
According to the present invention, there is also provided a sinter cooling method or a method of cooling sinter using a tower cooler as described above, the method comprising the steps of:
(1) Sinter enters a rotary distributor of the tower cooler, flows out from a discharge port chute of the rotary distributor under the action of gravity, enters a feeding section of the tower cooler, and rotates in the feeding process, so that materials can be uniformly and naturally stacked in the feeding section;
(2) The uniform discharging blast section of the tower cooler conveys cooling gas (such as air) into the tower body through the hood, the inner ring air inlet duct and/or the air ring, the cooling gas passes through a sinter material layer piled in the tower body from bottom to top, and carries out countercurrent heat exchange with the sinter, the temperature of the cooling gas is gradually increased after the heat exchange, the cooling gas is discharged through the annular air outlet duct through the uniform distributing air outlet section in the tower cooler tower, high-temperature hot air is formed, and the high-temperature hot air is discharged through the hot air outlet; preferably, the high temperature hot wind is delivered to a waste heat utilization system;
(3) Sinter deposited in the tower body of the cooler is cooled by countercurrent heat exchange with cooling gas from bottom to top, enters a discharge cone hopper at the lower part of the tower cooler, and is discharged by a vibrating feeder or a plate feeder to a cold sinter conveying device through a discharge chute or a discharge hopper.
Preferably, the control system controls the operations of the uniform distribution air outlet section, the uniform discharge air blast section, the cold sinter transportation device, the gate valve and the discharge equipment according to the temperature detected by the temperature measuring probe.
Preferably, a temperature measuring probe is arranged corresponding to each discharge cone bucket, and the control system controls the operation of the corresponding discharge equipment according to the temperature detected by each temperature measuring probe.
The device also has a self-feedback discharging adjusting function. And detecting the temperature of the sintering ore in the corresponding area through the temperature measuring probe, when the detected temperature of the sintering ore in a certain circumferential position reaches the cooling effect, normally starting the discharging equipment below the discharging cone hopper corresponding to the area to perform normal discharging, otherwise, correspondingly reducing the discharging speed of the discharging equipment or closing the discharging equipment to cool the sintering ore in the area for a period of time, and after the temperature of the sintering ore reaches the cooling effect, performing normal discharging. Meanwhile, the discharging speed can be adjusted by adjusting the insertion depth of the gate valve.
In the invention, generally speaking, the tower type cooler mainly comprises a rotary distributor, a feeding section, a uniform distribution air outlet section, a cooling section, a uniform discharge air blast section, a discharge cone hopper, a discharge device and a hot air outlet.
The rotary distributor is positioned at the top of the tower type cooler, can rotate along the central axis of the tower body, and after the hot sinter enters the rotary distributor, flows out from the chute of the rotary distributor under the action of gravity and enters the feeding section of the vertical type cooler.
The feeding section is mainly of a shell structure, the rotary distributor is located above the feeding section, the lower end of the rotary distributor is connected with the uniform distribution air outlet section, hot sinter flowing out of the rotary distributor can be uniformly distributed in the feeding section, and sinter in the feeding section can downwards flow through a material falling channel of the uniform distribution air outlet section under the action of gravity.
The uniform distribution air outlet section mainly comprises an annular air outlet channel, an air outlet channel branch pipe and a shutter type air outlet ring, and has the main functions of uniformly discharging hot air formed by cooling hot sinter through the cooling section of the tower type cooler to the sinter, uniformly enabling the hot air to enter the hot air annular air channel, and then discharging the hot air out of the tower type cooler through a hot air outlet to enter a subsequent waste heat power generation system. The annular air outlet channel is an annular pipeline, two side plates of the annular air outlet channel are of shutter structures, the top end of the annular air outlet channel is sealed, the lower end of the annular air outlet channel is open, and hot air can uniformly enter the hot air annular air channel from the lower end of the annular air outlet channel and the shutter structures at the two sides of the annular air outlet channel; the branch pipe of the air outlet channel is in a radial pipeline structure, one end of the branch pipe of the air outlet channel is connected with the annular air outlet channel, the other end of the branch pipe of the air outlet channel is connected with the shutter type air outlet ring, hot air entering the annular air outlet channel can flow to the shutter type air outlet ring through the branch pipe of the air outlet channel, and the hot air flows into the hot air annular air channel through the shutter type air outlet ring; the shutter type air outlet ring is of a shutter type cone ring structure, hot air flowing through the sinter below the shutter type air outlet ring and hot air flowing from the air outlet branch pipe can flow into the hot air annular air channel through the shutter type air outlet ring, and meanwhile, the shutter type air outlet ring can prevent the sinter from flowing out of the hot air annular air channel. The annular air outlet channel, the air outlet channel branch pipes and the shutter type air outlet ring form a material channel, and the sinter flowing down from the feeding section can flow down into the cooling section through the material channel.
The cooling section is mainly of a shell structure, the agglomerate which flows down through the material falling channel of the uniform distribution air outlet section enters the cooling section, and cooling air blown up from the uniform distribution air blowing section exchanges heat with the agglomerate in the cooling section to cool the agglomerate, and the cooling air after heat exchange becomes hot air. The cooled sinter enters into a uniform discharging and blowing section at the lower end of the cooling section and flows out from a material falling channel of the uniform discharging and blowing section.
The uniform discharging blast section mainly comprises an outer ring air inlet pipe, an inner ring air inlet duct, an air inlet duct branch pipe, a blast cap and an air ring, and has the main function of blowing cooling air into a cooling section above the cooling section to cool the sinter. The outer ring air inlet pipe is an annular pipeline, and pressure cooling air conveyed by the blower enters the outer ring air inlet pipe, and the outer ring air inlet pipe uniformly conveys the cooling air to the air ring and the air inlet pipe branch pipes; the inner ring air inlet channel is an annular pipeline, two side plates of the inner ring air inlet channel are of shutter structures, the top end of the inner ring air inlet channel is sealed, the lower end of the inner ring air inlet channel is open, cooling air is introduced into the inner ring air inlet channel from the outer ring air inlet channel by an air inlet channel branch pipe connected with the outer ring air inlet channel and the inner ring air inlet channel, and the cooling air in the inner ring air inlet channel can uniformly enter into sintered ores in the cooling section upwards from the shutter structures at two sides of the inner ring air inlet channel to cool the sintered ores; the wind cap is of a cylindrical shell structure, the cylindrical surface is of a shutter type structure, the cooling wind is led into the wind cap from the inner ring air inlet channel by the air inlet channel branch pipe connected between the inner ring air inlet channel and the wind cap, and the cooling wind in the wind cap can uniformly enter the sinter in the cooling section upwards from the shutter type structure of the wind cap to cool the sinter. The air ring is positioned at the inner side of the air inlet pipe of the outer ring and is provided with an annular opening, and part of cooling air in the air inlet pipe of the outer ring can uniformly enter the sinter in the cooling section upwards through the air ring to cool the sinter. The material channel is formed among the outer ring air inlet pipe, the inner ring air inlet duct, the air inlet duct branch pipe and the hood, and the sinter flowing down from the cooling section can flow downwards into the discharge cone hopper through the material channel.
The discharging cone hoppers are positioned at the lower end of the uniform discharging blowing section, a plurality of the discharging cone hoppers are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction, generally 4-8 discharging cone hoppers are shaped like special shapes or round or conical structures with big top and small bottom. The cooled sinter flows into the discharge cone under the action of gravity. The lower end of each discharge cone hopper is connected with a discharge device, and the discharge speed of each discharge cone hopper can be controlled through the discharge device.
In the invention, the discharging equipment is a vibrating feeder or a plate feeder, and the vibrating feeder or the plate feeder is adopted for discharging, so that the invention has the advantages of uniform discharging, convenient maintenance and overhaul and small maintenance workload.
The hot air outlet is positioned on the side wall of the hot air annular air duct and is communicated with the interior of the hot air annular air duct, and hot air in the hot air annular air duct is discharged through the hot air outlet and enters the subsequent waste heat power generation system.
Preferably, the lower end of the discharge cone hopper is provided with a gate valve, and after the gate valve is inserted into the discharge cone hopper, the material can be stopped and does not flow downwards. During normal production, the gate valve is opened, and when corresponding discharging equipment below the discharging cone hopper needs to be overhauled, the gate valve is inserted into the discharging cone hopper, so that materials are stopped, and overhauling is performed.
The hot sinter crushed by the single-roller crusher is transported to the top of the vertical cooler by the hot sinter conveying device, uniformly distributed on the feeding section by the rotary distributor at the top of the vertical cooler, continuously flows from top to bottom under the action of gravity, flows into the cooling section below by the material falling channel of the uniform distribution air outlet section, performs countercurrent heat exchange with cooling air in the cooling section, flows downwards after being cooled to below 150 ℃, flows through the material falling channel of the uniform discharge air blast section, enters the discharge cone hopper below, is discharged onto the cold sinter conveying device by the discharge equipment at the lower end of the discharge cone hopper, and conveys the cooled sinter to the next procedure by the cold sinter conveying device.
Under the action of the blower, the cooling gas is fed into the cooling section from the air ring, the inner ring air inlet duct and the hood of the uniform discharging blowing section at a certain pressure, passes through the sinter material layer of the cooling section from bottom to top, and performs countercurrent heat exchange with the sinter. After heat exchange, the temperature of the cooling gas is gradually increased, and the cooling gas is discharged through an air outlet section with uniform distribution, so that high-temperature hot air is formed. The high-temperature hot air is discharged from a hot air outlet through a hot air annular air duct at the upper part of the vertical cooler, and the discharged high-temperature hot air enters a subsequent waste heat power generation system.
The tower body is composed of a feeding section, a uniform distribution air outlet section, a cooling section and a uniform discharge air blowing section.
The high temperature pellet shaped agglomerate has sticky surfaces which, once cooled, adhere to each other and the prior art devices often cause difficult discharge, however, the device of the present invention solves this problem well.
In general, the height of the column consisting of the feed section, the uniformly distributed air-out section, the cooling section and the uniformly discharged air-blowing section is generally 4 to 25 meters, preferably 4.5 to 22 meters, preferably 5 to 18 meters, preferably 6 to 15 meters, more preferably 7 to 12 meters. The outer diameters of the cooling section and the uniform discharge blowing section of the column are generally 8 to 30 meters, preferably 9 to 27 meters, preferably 10 to 25 meters, preferably 11 to 22 meters, more preferably 12 to 20 meters.
In this application, the diameter of the hood is generally 1.5-4 meters, preferably 1.8-3.5 meters, more preferably 2-3 meters, more preferably 2.2-2.8 meters, for example 2.5 meters.
In this application, the diameter or inner diameter of the wind ring is generally 7-26 meters, preferably 8-24 meters, preferably 9-22 meters, preferably 10-20 meters, more preferably 12-15 meters.
The diameter or inner diameter of the wind ring is generally 0.65 to 0.96 times, preferably 0.68 to 0.94 times, preferably 0.70 to 0.92 times, more preferably 0.73 to 0.9 times, more preferably 0.78 to 0.88 times, more preferably 0.8 to 0.86 times the outer diameter of the tower body.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
the device has the advantages of uniform material distribution, uniform material discharge and uniform air distribution. The regional discharging adjusting function can be performed according to the cooling effect, so that the cooling machine has good cooling effect and high hot air temperature, and meets the requirements of the sintering ore countercurrent thick material layer cooling process.
Compared with the annular cooler in the prior art, the tower cooler has the advantages of simple structure, reliable sealing, no air leakage, small equipment maintenance amount and high waste heat recovery efficiency. The sensible heat recovery rate of the sinter can reach about 71 percent.
The process can also overcome the problem of secondary sintering of the sinter in the vertical cooling device and prevent the blockage phenomenon of the vertical cooling device.
1. The structure is simple, the equipment investment is reduced, and the operation cost of the equipment is reduced;
2. the device has good tightness, the heat recovery efficiency of the sinter is high, high-temperature waste gas (hot air) is obtained for generating steam, the high-temperature steam is used for generating electricity, and the electricity generation efficiency is higher;
3. the discharging is free from blocking, and the frequency of shutdown and maintenance is obviously reduced;
4. according to the detected temperature of the material above each discharge cone, the temperature can be adjusted by independently controlling the discharge speed of each discharge cone; 5. the arrangement of the rotary distributor makes the distribution more uniform, and after the hot sinter enters the rotary distributor in the feeding process, the rotary distributor makes rotary motion, so that the materials can be uniformly distributed in the feeding section.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a tower cooler according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a view of the discharge cone layout of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the air outlet section of the uniform distribution of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken at the A-A position of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a uniform discharge blower section according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the B-B position of FIG. 5;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a mechanism of a dual-layer vibratory feeder of the present invention having two vibrators;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a mechanism of a dual-layer vibratory feeder of the present invention having a vibrator;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of another tower chiller according to the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a layout of a panel feeder of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a control system for a tower chiller according to the present invention.
Reference numerals: 1: a feed section; 2: an air outlet section for uniformly distributing materials; 201: an annular air outlet duct; 201a: an annular air outlet channel inside; 201b: an annular air outlet channel at the periphery; 202: an air outlet duct branch pipe; 203: a shutter structure; 204: a material falling channel of the uniform distribution air outlet section; 3: a cooling section; 4: a uniform discharging blowing section; 401: a hood; 402: an inner ring air inlet duct; 403: an air inlet duct branch pipe; 404: a wind ring; 405: an outer ring air inlet pipe; 406, uniformly discharging a material falling channel of the air blowing section; 5: a discharge cone hopper; 6: a hot air annular air duct; 6a: a hot air space of the hot air annular air duct; 7: a hot air outlet; 8: rotating the distributing device; 801: a discharge hole of the rotary distributor; 9: a cold sinter transport device; 10: a gate valve; 11: a temperature measurement probe; 12: a plate feeder; p: a vibratory feeder; p01: a body support; p02: an upper layer vibration tank; p03: a lower layer vibration tank; p04: a vibrator; p0401: an upper vibrator; p0402: a lower vibrator; p05: an adjusting device; k control system.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1 to 8, according to the present invention, there is provided a vertical type cooling machine or a tower type cooling machine comprising: rotatory distributing device 8, feeding section 1, even cloth air-out section 2, cooling section 3, even row material blast section 4, a plurality of row material awl fill 5, hot-blast annular wind channel 6 and the hot-blast export 7 that is equipped with at the top or the side of hot-blast annular wind channel 6, wherein: the feeding section 1, the uniform distribution air outlet section 2, the cooling section 3 and the uniform discharge air blast section 4 form a tower body, the rotary distributor 8 is arranged at the top end of the feeding section 1, and a discharge port 801 of the rotary distributor 8 extends downwards into the feeding section 1; the uniform distribution air outlet section 2 is connected with the lower end of the feeding section 1, the hot air annular air channel 6 is arranged at the lower part of the feeding section 1 and around the outer side of the uniform distribution air outlet section 2, the cooling section 3 is arranged below the uniform distribution air outlet section 2, the uniform discharge air blast section 4 is arranged below the cooling section 3, and the plurality of discharge cone hoppers 5 are annularly distributed at the lower end of the uniform discharge air blast section 4 or uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction; and
a discharging device is arranged below each discharging cone hopper 5.
6a is the hot air space of the hot air annular duct 6.
Preferably, the discharge apparatus is a vibratory feeder P or a slab feeder 12. Preferably, a cold sinter conveyor 9 is provided below the end of the vibratory feeder P.
Preferably, the discharging equipment is a plate-type ore feeder 12, a discharging chute or a discharging hopper is arranged below a discharging hole of the plate-type ore feeder 12, and a cold sinter conveying device 9 is arranged below the discharging chute or the discharging hopper.
Preferably, a gate valve 10 is provided at the end or lower part of the discharge cone 5.
Preferably, the lower part of the cooling section 3 (preferably along the circumferential direction) is provided with a plurality of temperature probes 11. More preferably, the temperature measuring probe 11 is a thermocouple temperature sensor.
Preferably, the uniform discharge blower section 4 includes a hood 401, an annular or "C" shaped inner ring air inlet duct 402, an air inlet duct branch 403, an air ring 404, and an outer ring air inlet duct 405 in a central position, wherein: a fixed gap is formed between the lower part of the side wall of the cooling section 3 and the top of the side wall of the uniform discharging blast section 4 to serve as an air ring 404, an outer ring air inlet pipe 405 surrounds the outer periphery of the air ring 404, and an air inlet pipe branch pipe 403 communicates the bottom space of the hood 401 and the inner ring air inlet pipe 402 with the outer ring air inlet pipe 405.
406 is a material falling channel of a uniform discharging blast section consisting of an outer ring air inlet pipe 405, an inner ring air inlet pipe 402, an air inlet pipe branch pipe 403 and a hood 401.
Preferably, the uniform distribution air outlet section 2 comprises an annular air outlet duct 201 and an air outlet duct branch pipe 202, wherein: the air outlet duct branch pipe 202 communicates the annular air outlet duct 201 with the hot air annular air duct 6; preferably, the periphery of the uniform cloth air outlet section 2 is a shutter structure 203.
201 is an annular air outlet duct, 201a is an annular air outlet duct inside, and 201b is an annular air outlet duct outside. 204 are material falling channels of uniform distribution air outlet sections consisting of annular air outlet channels 201, air outlet channel branch pipes 202 and the peripheries of shutter structures 203. Preferably, the top ends of the hood 401 and the inner ring air inlet duct 402 are seals, the lower ends of the hood 401 and the inner ring air inlet duct 402 are openings, and the side walls of the hood 401 and the inner ring air inlet duct 402 are louver structures 203.
Preferably, the tower cooler includes 1-4 inner ring air inlet ducts 402, preferably 2-3 inner ring air inlet ducts 402.
Preferably, the top end of the annular air outlet duct 201 is a seal, the lower end of the annular air outlet duct 201 is an opening, and the side wall of the annular air outlet duct 201 is a shutter structure 203.
The tower cooler comprises 1-4 annular outlet channels 201, preferably 2-3 annular outlet channels 201. Preferably, the centers of the plurality of annular air outlet channels 201 overlap.
Preferably, the number of the discharge cone hoppers 5 is 4-12, preferably 6-10 and 6-8.
Typically, there are 1 to 12, preferably 2 to 10, more preferably 4 to 8, and even more preferably 6 to 8 inlet manifold branches 403.
Typically, the number of outlet legs 202 is 1-12, preferably 2-10, more preferably 4-8, and even more preferably 6-8.
Typically, the discharge apparatus is a double-deck vibratory feeder P. The double-layer vibration feeder P comprises a machine body bracket P01, an upper layer vibration groove P02, a lower layer vibration groove P03 and a vibrator P04; the upper layer vibration groove P02 and the lower layer vibration groove P03 are arranged on the machine body support P01, the upper layer vibration groove P02 is located above the lower layer vibration groove P03, and the upper layer vibration groove P02 and the lower layer vibration groove P03 are connected with the vibrator P04 respectively. Preferably, the upper vibration groove P02 and/or the lower vibration groove P03 is provided with an adjusting device P05, and the adjusting device P05 adjusts the inclination angle of the bottom plate of the lower vibration groove P03.
Preferably, the vibrator P04 includes an upper vibrator P0401 and a lower vibrator P0402, the upper vibrator P0401 is connected to the upper vibration groove P02, and the lower vibrator P0402 is connected to the lower vibration groove P03. Preferably, the upper vibration groove P02 and the lower vibration groove P03 are provided on the body bracket P01 by springs.
Preferably, the tower cooler further comprises a control system K, wherein the control system K is connected with the uniform distribution air outlet section 2, the uniform discharge air blast section 4, the cold sinter conveying device 9, the gate valve 10, the temperature measuring probe 11 and the discharging equipment, and controls the operations of the uniform distribution air outlet section 2, the uniform discharge air blast section 4, the cold sinter conveying device 9, the gate valve 10, the temperature measuring probe 11 and the discharging equipment.
According to the present invention, there is also provided a sinter cooling method or a method of cooling sinter using a tower cooler as described above, the method comprising the steps of:
(1) Sinter enters a rotary distributor 8 of a tower cooler, flows out from a discharge port 801 chute of the rotary distributor 8 under the action of gravity, enters a feeding section 1 of the tower cooler, and the rotary distributor 8 rotates in the feeding process, so that materials can be uniformly and naturally stacked in the feeding section 1;
(2) The uniform discharging blast section 4 of the tower cooler conveys cooling gas (such as air) into the tower body through the blast cap 401, the inner ring air inlet duct 402 and/or the air ring 404, the cooling gas passes through a sinter material layer piled in the tower body from bottom to top, and carries out countercurrent heat exchange with the sinter, the temperature of the cooling gas is gradually increased after the heat exchange, the cooling gas is discharged through the annular air outlet duct 201 through the uniform distributing air outlet section (2) in the tower cooler tower, high-temperature hot air is formed, and the high-temperature hot air is discharged through the hot air outlet 7; preferably, the high temperature hot wind is delivered to a waste heat utilization system;
3, the sinter deposited in the tower body of the cooler is cooled by countercurrent heat exchange with cooling gas from bottom to top, enters a discharge cone hopper 5 at the lower part of the tower cooler, and is discharged by a vibrating feeder P or discharged by a plate feeder 12 to a cold sinter conveyor 9 through a discharge chute or a discharge hopper.
Preferably, the control system K controls the operations of the uniform distribution air outlet section 2, the uniform discharge air blast section 4, the cold sinter conveying device 9, the gate valve 10 and the discharge equipment according to the temperature detected by the temperature measuring probe 11.
Preferably, a temperature measuring probe 11 is provided corresponding to each discharge cone 5, and the control system K controls the operation of the corresponding discharge apparatus according to the temperature detected by each temperature measuring probe 11.
The device also has a self-feedback discharging adjusting function. The temperature probe 11 detects the temperature of the sintering ore in the corresponding area, when the detected temperature of the sintering ore in a certain circumferential position reaches the cooling effect, the discharging equipment below the discharging cone hopper 5 corresponding to the area is normally started to perform normal discharging, otherwise, the discharging speed of the discharging equipment is correspondingly reduced or the discharging equipment is closed, the sintering ore in the area is cooled for a period of time again, and when the temperature of the sintering ore reaches the cooling effect, the normal discharging is performed. Meanwhile, the discharge speed can be adjusted by adjusting the insertion depth of the gate valve 10.
Example 1
The tower body is composed of a feeding section 1, a uniform distribution air outlet section 2, a cooling section 3 and a uniform discharge air blast section 4. The height of the tower body is 9 meters, and the outer diameters of the cooling section 3 and the uniform discharging blasting section 4 of the tower body are 13 meters. The height of the discharge cone hopper 5 is 7 meters. The discharging device is a vibrating feeder P.
The hood 401 has a diameter of 2.5 meters. The inner diameter of wind ring 404 is about 10.5 meters. The daily handling capacity of the sinter was 8650 tons/day. The temperature of the sinter before entering the rotary distributor 8 is about 700 ℃, and the temperature of the hot air at the hot air outlet 7 reaches about 500 ℃. The recovered heat was used for power generation, and the generated power was about 36 degrees.
Compared with the ring cooler in the prior art, the ring cooler has the advantages that: the technology of the invention can provide hot air with higher temperature for generating high-temperature steam, and remarkably improves the power generation efficiency because of better tightness.
The process can also overcome the problem of secondary sintering of the sinter in the vertical cooling device and prevent the blockage phenomenon of the vertical cooling device. The device runs for 6 months, and the problem of blockage is avoided.
Example 2
Example 1 was repeated except that the discharge apparatus was a plate feeder 12, as shown in fig. 9.
Claims (22)
1. A tower sinter cooler, the tower sinter cooler comprising: rotatory distributing device (8), feeding section (1), even cloth air-out section (2), cooling section (3), even row material blast section (4), a plurality of row material awl fill (5), hot-blast annular wind channel (6) and hot-blast export (7) that are equipped with at the top or the side in hot-blast annular wind channel (6), wherein: the feeding section (1), the uniform distribution air outlet section (2), the cooling section (3) and the uniform discharge air blowing section (4) form a tower body, the rotary distributor (8) is arranged at the top end of the feeding section (1), and a discharge hole (801) of the rotary distributor (8) extends downwards into the feeding section (1); the uniform distribution air outlet section (2) is connected with the lower end of the feeding section (1), the hot air annular air duct (6) is arranged at the lower part of the feeding section (1) and around the outer side of the uniform distribution air outlet section (2), the cooling section (3) is arranged below the uniform distribution air outlet section (2), the uniform discharge air blowing section (4) is arranged below the cooling section (3), and the plurality of discharge cone hoppers (5) are annularly distributed at the lower end of the uniform discharge air blowing section (4) or uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction; a discharging device is arranged below each discharging cone hopper (5);
the uniform discharging blast section (4) comprises a blast cap (401) positioned at the center, an annular or C-shaped inner ring air inlet duct (402), an air inlet duct branch pipe (403), an air ring (404) and an outer ring air inlet duct (405), wherein: a fixed gap of a circle is formed between the lower part of the side wall of the cooling section (3) and the top of the side wall of the uniform discharging blast section (4) to serve as an air ring (404), an outer ring air inlet pipe (405) surrounds the outer periphery of the air ring (404), and an air inlet pipe branch pipe (403) is used for communicating the bottom space of the blast cap (401) and the inner ring air inlet pipe (402) with the outer ring air inlet pipe (405);
uniform distribution air-out section (2) is including annular air-out duct (201) and air-out duct branch pipe (202), wherein: the annular air outlet duct (201) is communicated with the hot air annular air duct (6) through the air outlet duct branch pipe (202).
2. The tower sinter cooler of claim 1, wherein: the discharging device is a vibrating feeder (P) or a plate feeder (12).
3. The tower sinter cooler of claim 2, wherein: a cold sinter conveying device (9) is arranged below the tail end of the vibration feeder (P); or a discharging chute or a discharging hopper is arranged below a discharging hole of the plate-type ore feeder (12), and a cold sinter transporting device (9) is arranged below the discharging chute or the discharging hopper.
4. A tower sinter cooler as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the tail end or the lower part of the discharge cone hopper (5) is provided with a gate valve (10); the lower part of the cooling section (3) is provided with a plurality of temperature measuring probes (11).
5. The tower sinter cooler of claim 4, wherein: the temperature measuring probe (11) is a thermocouple temperature sensor.
6. The tower sinter cooler of any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein: the periphery of the uniform cloth air outlet section (2) is provided with a shutter structure (203).
7. The tower sinter cooler of any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein: the top ends of the hood (401) and the inner ring air inlet channel (402) are sealed, the lower ends of the hood (401) and the inner ring air inlet channel (402) are openings, and the side walls of the hood (401) and the inner ring air inlet channel (402) are louver structures (203); and/or
The tower cooler includes 1-4 inner ring air inlet ducts (402).
8. The tower sinter cooler of claim 7, wherein: the tower cooler includes 2-3 inner ring air inlet ducts (402).
9. The tower sinter cooler of any one of claims 1 to 5, 8, wherein: the top end of the annular air outlet channel (201) is a seal, the lower end of the annular air outlet channel is an opening, and the side wall of the annular air outlet channel (201) is a shutter structure (203); and/or
The tower cooler comprises 1-4 annular air outlet channels (201).
10. The tower sinter cooler of claim 9, wherein: the tower-type cooler comprises 2-3 annular air outlet channels (201); the circle centers of the plurality of annular air outlet channels (201) are overlapped.
11. The tower sinter cooler of any one of claims 1 to 5, 8, 10, wherein: the number of the discharging cone hoppers (5) is 4-12; and/or
1-12 air inlet duct branch pipes (403); and/or
The number of the air outlet branch pipes (202) is 1-12.
12. The tower sinter cooler of claim 11, wherein: the number of the discharging cone hoppers (5) is 6-10; and/or
2-10 air inlet duct branch pipes (403); and/or
The number of the air outlet branch pipes (202) is 2-10.
13. The tower sinter cooler of claim 12, wherein: the number of the discharging cone hoppers (5) is 6-8; and/or
4-8 air inlet duct branch pipes (403); and/or
4-8 air outlet branch pipes (202).
14. The tower sinter cooler of any one of claims 1 to 5, 8, 10, 12 to 13, wherein: the discharging equipment is a double-layer vibration feeder (P); the double-layer vibration feeder (P) comprises a machine body bracket (P01), an upper layer vibration groove (P02), a lower layer vibration groove (P03) and a vibrator (P04); the upper layer vibration groove (P02) and the lower layer vibration groove (P03) are arranged on the machine body support (P01), the upper layer vibration groove (P02) is located above the lower layer vibration groove (P03), and the upper layer vibration groove (P02) and the lower layer vibration groove (P03) are respectively connected with the vibrator (P04).
15. The tower sinter cooler of claim 14, wherein: an adjusting device (P05) is arranged on the upper layer vibrating groove (P02) and/or the lower layer vibrating groove (P03), and the adjusting device (P05) adjusts the inclination angle of the bottom plate of the lower layer vibrating groove (P03).
16. The tower sinter cooler of claim 15, wherein: the vibrator (P04) comprises an upper vibrator (P0401) and a lower vibrator (P0402), the upper vibrator (P0401) is connected with the upper vibration groove (P02), and the lower vibrator (P0402) is connected with the lower vibration groove (P03).
17. The tower sinter cooler of claim 16, wherein: the upper layer vibration groove (P02) and the lower layer vibration groove (P03) are arranged on the machine body bracket (P01) through springs.
18. The tower sinter cooler of claim 4, wherein: the tower type cooler further comprises a control system (K), wherein the control system (K) is connected with the uniform distribution air outlet section (2), the uniform discharge air blast section (4), the cold sinter conveying device (9), the gate valve (10), the temperature measuring probe (11) and the discharging equipment, and controls the operation of the uniform distribution air outlet section (2), the uniform discharge air blast section (4), the cold sinter conveying device (9), the gate valve (10), the temperature measuring probe (11) and the discharging equipment.
19. A method of cooling sinter using the tower sinter cooler of any one of claims 1 to 18, the method comprising the steps of:
(1) Sinter enters a rotary distributor (8) of a tower cooler, flows out of a discharge port (801) chute of the rotary distributor (8) under the action of gravity, enters a feeding section (1) of the tower cooler, and the rotary distributor (8) rotates in the feeding process, so that materials can be uniformly and naturally piled in the feeding section (1);
(2) The uniform discharging blast section (4) of the tower cooler conveys cooling gas into the tower body through the blast cap (401), the inner ring air inlet duct (402) and/or the air ring (404), the cooling gas passes through a sinter material layer piled in the tower body from bottom to top and carries out countercurrent heat exchange with the sinter, the temperature of the cooling gas is gradually increased after the heat exchange, the cooling gas is discharged through the annular air outlet duct (201) through the uniform distributing air outlet section (2) in the tower cooler tower, high-temperature hot air is formed, and the high-temperature hot air is discharged through the hot air outlet (7);
(3) The discharging equipment is a vibrating feeder (P) or a plate type ore feeder (12); sinter deposited in the tower body of the cooler is cooled by countercurrent heat exchange with cooling gas from bottom to top, enters a discharge cone hopper (5) at the lower part of the tower cooler, and is discharged by a vibrating feeder (P) or discharged by a plate type feeder (12) to a cold sinter conveying device (9) through a discharge chute or a discharge hopper.
20. The method according to claim 19, wherein: the high-temperature hot air is conveyed into a waste heat utilization system.
21. The method according to claim 19 or 20, characterized in that: the tower type cooling machine further comprises a control system (K), wherein a gate valve (10) is arranged at the tail end or the lower part of the discharge cone hopper (5), and a plurality of temperature measuring probes (11) are arranged at the lower part of the cooling section (3); according to the temperature detected by the temperature measuring probe (11), the control system (K) controls the operations of the uniform distribution air outlet section (2), the uniform discharge air blast section (4), the cold sinter conveying device (9), the gate valve (10) and the discharge equipment.
22. The method according to claim 21, wherein: wherein, a temperature measuring probe (11) is arranged corresponding to each discharge cone hopper (5), and a control system (K) controls the operation of the corresponding discharge equipment according to the temperature detected by each temperature measuring probe (11).
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| CN201710367579.9A CN108931140B (en) | 2017-05-23 | 2017-05-23 | Tower-type agglomerate cooler and agglomerate cooling method |
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