CN106382823A - Coupling energy saving device for multiple products of sintering procedure - Google Patents
Coupling energy saving device for multiple products of sintering procedure Download PDFInfo
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- CN106382823A CN106382823A CN201610760316.XA CN201610760316A CN106382823A CN 106382823 A CN106382823 A CN 106382823A CN 201610760316 A CN201610760316 A CN 201610760316A CN 106382823 A CN106382823 A CN 106382823A
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- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 98
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 97
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 6
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006392 deoxygenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D17/00—Arrangements for using waste heat; Arrangements for using, or disposing of, waste gases
- F27D17/10—Arrangements for using waste heat
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D15/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
- F01D15/10—Adaptations for driving, or combinations with, electric generators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K11/00—Plants characterised by the engines being structurally combined with boilers or condensers
- F01K11/02—Plants characterised by the engines being structurally combined with boilers or condensers the engines being turbines
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
- F22B1/02—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers
- F22B1/18—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being a hot gas, e.g. waste gas such as exhaust gas of internal-combustion engines
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
- F23L15/00—Heating of air supplied for combustion
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D15/00—Handling or treating discharged material; Supports or receiving chambers therefor
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D15/00—Handling or treating discharged material; Supports or receiving chambers therefor
- F27D15/02—Cooling
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D17/00—Arrangements for using waste heat; Arrangements for using, or disposing of, waste gases
- F27D17/20—Arrangements for treatment or cleaning of waste gases
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D17/00—Arrangements for using waste heat; Arrangements for using, or disposing of, waste gases
- F27D17/20—Arrangements for treatment or cleaning of waste gases
- F27D17/22—Arrangements for treatment or cleaning of waste gases for removing solid constituents
- F27D17/25—Arrangements for treatment or cleaning of waste gases for removing solid constituents using cyclones
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27M—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS OF THE CHARGES OR FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS
- F27M2003/00—Type of treatment of the charge
- F27M2003/04—Sintering
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/34—Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及余热发电利用技术领域，具体的说是一种烧结工序多产物间耦合节能装置。The invention relates to the technical field of waste heat power generation utilization, in particular to a multi-product coupling energy-saving device in a sintering process.
背景技术Background technique
钢铁工业是国民经济重要基础产业，能源消耗量约占全国工业总能耗的15%，是节能减排的重点行业。在钢铁生产过程中，烧结工序的能耗位居第二，充分利用烧结余热是钢铁节能的重要途径。烧结生产过程中，高温烧结矿显热约占烧结工序总能耗的45%，烧结烟气显热约占烧结工序总能耗的25%，二者是烧结余热的最主要的存在形式。传统的烧结余热利用技术往往过于关注单个产物的余热资源的利用技术，重点提高单产品余热利用效率，缺乏对烧结工序多产物中存在的高、中、低品位余热资源利用方式的一体化利用系统的研究，没有从烧结工序整体高度统一优化单产物余热利用技术，造成了烧结工序余热资源的极大浪费。现有技术中采用高效炉式冷却方式回收利用烧结矿显热，虽然大幅提高了烧结矿显热的利用效率，但并未对烧结烟气显热进行利用，也存在140℃左右的低品位烟气余热的白白排放，因此该技术仍存在较大的节能潜力。The iron and steel industry is an important basic industry of the national economy, and its energy consumption accounts for about 15% of the total industrial energy consumption in the country. It is a key industry for energy conservation and emission reduction. In the process of steel production, the energy consumption of the sintering process ranks second, and making full use of the waste heat of sintering is an important way for steel to save energy. During the sintering production process, the sensible heat of high-temperature sintering ore accounts for about 45% of the total energy consumption of the sintering process, and the sensible heat of sintering flue gas accounts for about 25% of the total energy consumption of the sintering process. The two are the most important forms of sintering waste heat. The traditional sinter waste heat utilization technology often pays too much attention to the utilization technology of waste heat resources of a single product, focusing on improving the efficiency of waste heat utilization of a single product, and lacks an integrated utilization system for the utilization of high, medium and low-grade waste heat resources existing in multiple products in the sintering process However, there is no unified optimization of single-product waste heat utilization technology from the perspective of the overall sintering process, resulting in a great waste of waste heat resources in the sintering process. In the prior art, the high-efficiency furnace cooling method is used to recycle the sensible heat of sintering ore. Although the utilization efficiency of sintering ore sensible heat has been greatly improved, the sensible heat of sintering flue gas has not been utilized, and low-grade smoke at about 140°C still exists. Therefore, this technology still has great energy-saving potential.
根据烧结工序多产物高、中、低品位余热资源特点，从整体高度考虑各种余热资源的优化利用方式及耦合节能技术，最大限度降低烧结工序能耗，对钢铁工业节能减排及企业降本增效具有重要意义。According to the characteristics of high-, medium-, and low-grade waste heat resources in the sintering process, consider the optimal utilization of various waste heat resources and coupling energy-saving technologies from the overall perspective to minimize the energy consumption of the sintering process, which is beneficial to energy conservation and emission reduction in the iron and steel industry and enterprise cost reduction Efficiency is important.
发明内容Contents of the invention
针对上述现有的烧结工序中单产物余热利用技术存在的余热资源浪费严重的问题，本发明提供一种烧结工序多产物间耦合节能装置。Aiming at the problem of serious waste of waste heat resources existing in the single-product waste heat utilization technology in the prior sintering process, the present invention provides a multi-product coupling energy-saving device in the sintering process.
为解决上述技术问题，本发明采用的技术方案为：In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
一种烧结工序多产物间耦合节能装置，包括烧结矿显热高效炉冷利用系统、热风烧结系统、烧结大烟道余热利用系统和发电系统；A multi-product coupling energy-saving device in the sintering process, including a sinter sensible heat efficient furnace cooling utilization system, a hot air sintering system, a sintering large flue waste heat utilization system, and a power generation system;
所述的烧结矿显热高效炉冷利用系统包括烧结机、设置在烧结机尾部的单辊破碎机、取料阀、链板机、冷却炉、鼓风机、旋风除尘器、余热锅炉和引风机，所述单辊破碎机下部设有取料阀，取料阀下部与链板机一端连接，链板机另一端连接至冷却炉；所述鼓风机的进风口与大气相连，鼓风机的出风口与冷却炉内的风帽相连，旋风除尘器进风口与冷却炉烟风出口相连，旋风除尘器出风口与余热锅炉顶部烟风入口相连，余热锅炉底部烟风出口与引风机入口相连；The sinter sensible heat efficient furnace cold utilization system includes a sintering machine, a single-roll crusher installed at the tail of the sintering machine, a reclaiming valve, a chain conveyor, a cooling furnace, a blower, a cyclone dust collector, a waste heat boiler and an induced draft fan, The lower part of the single roll crusher is provided with a retrieving valve, the lower part of the retrieving valve is connected to one end of the chain conveyor, and the other end of the chain conveyor is connected to the cooling furnace; the air inlet of the blower is connected to the atmosphere, and the air outlet of the blower is connected to the cooling furnace. The air cap in the furnace is connected, the air inlet of the cyclone dust collector is connected with the flue air outlet of the cooling furnace, the air outlet of the cyclone dust collector is connected with the flue air inlet at the top of the waste heat boiler, and the flue air outlet at the bottom of the waste heat boiler is connected with the inlet of the induced draft fan;
所述的热风烧结系统包括设置在烧结机上方的热风罩，热风罩上设有两个进风口，一个进风口与引风机出口相连，另一个进风口与大气相连，热风罩出风口覆盖烧结机上表面；The hot air sintering system includes a hot air hood arranged above the sintering machine, two air inlets are arranged on the hot air hood, one air inlet is connected with the outlet of the induced draft fan, the other air inlet is connected with the atmosphere, and the air outlet of the hot air hood covers the sintering machine surface;
所述的烧结大烟道余热利用系统包括烧结大烟道和大烟道余热锅炉，大烟道余热锅炉采用内置形式，嵌入在烧结大烟道内；The sintering flue waste heat utilization system includes a sintering flue and a large flue waste heat boiler, and the large flue waste heat boiler adopts a built-in form and is embedded in the sintering flue;
所述的发电系统设有汽轮机和发电机，汽轮机与发电机通过联轴器连接，汽轮机进口蒸汽来自于余热锅炉产生的中温中压蒸汽，汽轮机排出的蒸汽与冷凝器进口连接，冷凝器出口与凝结水泵入口连接，凝结水泵出口与汽封加热器入口相连，汽封加热器出口与余热锅炉预热器入口连接，余热锅炉预热器出口与除氧器进水口连接，除氧器进汽口与汽轮机连接，除氧器出水口与给水泵入口连接，给水泵出口分为两路，一路与余热锅炉省煤器入口连接，另一路与大烟道余热锅炉汽包连接。The power generation system is provided with a steam turbine and a generator, the steam turbine and the generator are connected through a coupling, the steam at the inlet of the steam turbine comes from the medium-temperature and medium-pressure steam produced by the waste heat boiler, the steam discharged from the steam turbine is connected with the inlet of the condenser, and the outlet of the condenser is connected with the The inlet of the condensate pump is connected, the outlet of the condensate pump is connected to the inlet of the seal heater, the outlet of the seal heater is connected to the inlet of the waste heat boiler preheater, the outlet of the waste heat boiler preheater is connected to the water inlet of the deaerator, and the steam inlet of the deaerator It is connected with the steam turbine, the outlet of the deaerator is connected with the inlet of the feedwater pump, and the outlet of the feedwater pump is divided into two routes, one is connected with the inlet of the economizer of the waste heat boiler, and the other is connected with the steam drum of the large flue waste heat boiler.
所述的取料阀具有双向切换功能，高温烧结矿可通过取料阀进入冷却炉冷却。The reclaiming valve has a two-way switching function, and the high-temperature sintered ore can enter the cooling furnace through the reclaiming valve for cooling.
所述的链板机在链板上设置有横筋，可实现30~40°的大倾角输送。The chain plate machine is provided with transverse ribs on the chain plate, which can realize the transportation at a large inclination angle of 30-40°.
所述冷却炉与链板机的连接处设有旋转布料器，旋转布料器的下料溜槽可调速旋转。The connection between the cooling furnace and the chain conveyor is provided with a rotary distributor, and the feeding chute of the rotary distributor can rotate at an adjustable speed.
所述的冷却炉包括有冷却室和预存室，冷却室为换热腔室，内部设有多层布风风帽；预存室为高温烧结矿的储存腔室。The cooling furnace includes a cooling chamber and a pre-storage chamber. The cooling chamber is a heat exchange chamber with multi-layer air distribution hoods inside; the pre-storage chamber is a storage chamber for high-temperature sintered ore.
所述的旋风除尘器底部设有水冷装置。The bottom of the cyclone dust collector is provided with a water cooling device.
所述热风罩的两个进风口上均设有阀门。Both air inlets of the hot air cover are provided with valves.
所述的热风罩分别设置于烧结机的头部和尾部。The hot air hoods are respectively arranged at the head and tail of the sintering machine.
所述的大烟道余热锅炉的换热面包括布置在低温段的热管换热面和布置在高温段的翅片管换热面，翅片管换热面进出口管道上均设有切断阀，翅片管换热面内控制烟气冲刷流速为5~7m/s。The heat exchange surface of the large flue waste heat boiler includes a heat exchange surface of heat pipes arranged in the low-temperature section and a heat exchange surface of finned tubes arranged in the high-temperature section, and the inlet and outlet pipes of the heat exchange surface of the finned tubes are provided with cut-off valves , Control the flue gas scour flow rate in the heat exchange surface of the finned tube to be 5~7m/s.
所述的大烟道余热锅炉不设省煤器，给水为104℃的除氧水，产生中温中压饱和蒸汽。The large flue waste heat boiler does not have an economizer, and the feed water is deoxygenated water at 104°C to generate medium-temperature and medium-pressure saturated steam.
本发明的有益效果：Beneficial effects of the present invention:
本发明提供的烧结工序多产物间耦合节能装置，可以充分利用烧结生产过程中的烧结矿显热和烧结烟气余热，提高了利用效率，并提高余热利用设备的寿命；高温烧结矿显热采用高效炉冷系统，不仅可实现烧结矿高质量冷却，还能够大幅提高余热利用效率，比传统烧结矿显热利用效率提高60%以上；炉冷系统中余热锅炉排出的140℃左右的低品位烟气余热通过引风机送至烧结机上利用，代替环境中的空气，不仅可以提高烧结矿质量、提高进冷却炉的烧结矿温度，还可以降低烧结生产过程中1%~2%的燃料消耗；利用烧结大烟道内烟气余热产生中压饱和蒸汽，进入炉冷系统中余热锅炉过热后发电利用，可以大大提高大烟道余热的利用效率和发电量，比传统大烟道余热发电量提高20%以上；炉冷系统中采用旋风除尘器，可除去烟气中的大部分粉尘颗粒，从而有效避免余热锅炉换热面的磨损，提高设备使用寿命；大烟道余热锅炉嵌入在烧结大烟道内，并采用热管和翅片管组合式，优化了烟气流速和换热面布置形式，有效提高换热面抗积灰和磨损性能，避免了低温酸腐蚀，保护设备的安全运行；发电系统中除氧器采用新型大气式热力除氧，除氧器进水首先在余热锅炉预热器内加热后再进入除氧器，从而可降低除氧抽汽量，提高汽轮机做功能力。The multi-product coupling energy-saving device in the sintering process provided by the present invention can make full use of the sensible heat of sintering ore and the waste heat of sintering flue gas in the sintering production process, improve the utilization efficiency, and improve the life of waste heat utilization equipment; the sensible heat of high-temperature sintering ore adopts The high-efficiency furnace cooling system can not only realize high-quality cooling of sinter, but also greatly improve the utilization efficiency of waste heat, which is more than 60% higher than the traditional sinter sensible heat utilization efficiency; the low-grade smoke discharged from the waste heat boiler in the furnace cooling system is about 140 ℃ The waste heat of the air is sent to the sintering machine through the induced draft fan to replace the air in the environment, which can not only improve the quality of the sinter ore, increase the temperature of the sinter ore entering the cooling furnace, but also reduce the fuel consumption of 1%~2% in the sintering production process; The waste heat of the flue gas in the sintering large flue produces medium-pressure saturated steam, which can be used for power generation after entering the waste heat boiler in the furnace cooling system, which can greatly improve the utilization efficiency and power generation of the waste heat of the large flue, which is 20% higher than that of the traditional large flue. The above; the cyclone dust collector is used in the furnace cooling system, which can remove most of the dust particles in the flue gas, thereby effectively avoiding the wear of the heat exchange surface of the waste heat boiler and improving the service life of the equipment; the large flue waste heat boiler is embedded in the large sintering flue, And the combination of heat pipe and finned tube is adopted to optimize the flue gas flow rate and the layout of the heat exchange surface, effectively improve the anti-dust and wear performance of the heat exchange surface, avoid low-temperature acid corrosion, and protect the safe operation of the equipment; The deaerator adopts a new type of atmospheric thermal deaeration. The water entering the deaerator is first heated in the preheater of the waste heat boiler and then enters the deaerator, so as to reduce the amount of steam extraction for deaeration and improve the working capacity of the steam turbine.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1 为本发明结构示意图；Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention;
图2为图1的局部图一；Fig. 2 is a partial diagram one of Fig. 1;
图3为图1的局部图二；Fig. 3 is a partial diagram 2 of Fig. 1;
图4 为烧结大烟道余热利用系统结构示意图；Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the sintering large flue waste heat utilization system;
附图标记：1、烧结机，2、单辊破碎机，3、取料阀，4、链板机，5、旋转布料器，6、冷却炉，7、振动给料器，8、旋转密封阀，9、冷矿皮带，10、鼓风机，11、风帽，12、旋风除尘器，13、余热锅炉，14、引风机，15、热风罩，16、烧结大烟道，17、大烟道余热锅炉，17-1、翅片管换热面，17-2、热管换热面，18、汽轮机，19、发电机，20、冷凝器，21、凝结水泵，22、汽封加热器，23、除氧器，24、给水泵，25、冷却塔。Reference signs: 1. Sintering machine, 2. Single roll crusher, 3. Reclaim valve, 4. Chain conveyor, 5. Rotary distributor, 6. Cooling furnace, 7. Vibrating feeder, 8. Rotary seal Valve, 9. Cold mine belt, 10. Blower, 11. Wind cap, 12. Cyclone dust collector, 13. Waste heat boiler, 14. Induced fan, 15. Hot air hood, 16. Large sintering flue, 17. Waste heat from large flue Boiler, 17-1, finned tube heat exchange surface, 17-2, heat pipe heat exchange surface, 18, steam turbine, 19, generator, 20, condenser, 21, condensate water pump, 22, steam seal heater, 23, Deaerator, 24, feed water pump, 25, cooling tower.
具体实施方式detailed description
下面结合具体实施方式对本发明做进一步的阐述。The present invention will be further elaborated below in combination with specific embodiments.
如图所示：一种烧结工序多产物间耦合节能装置，包括烧结矿显热高效炉冷利用系统、热风烧结系统、烧结大烟道余热利用系统和发电系统；所述的烧结矿显热高效炉冷利用系统包括烧结机1、设置在烧结机1尾部的单辊破碎机2、取料阀3、链板机4、冷却炉6、鼓风机10、旋风除尘器12、余热锅炉13和引风机14，所述单辊破碎机2下部设有取料阀3，取料阀3下部与链板机4一端连接，链板机4另一端连接至冷却炉6；所述鼓风机10的进风口与大气相连，鼓风机10的出风口与冷却炉6内的风帽11相连，旋风除尘器12进风口与冷却炉6烟风出口相连，旋风除尘器12出风口与余热锅炉13顶部烟风入口相连，余热锅炉13底部烟风出口与引风机14入口相连；所述的热风烧结系统包括设置在烧结机1上方的热风罩15，热风罩15上设有两个进风口，一个进风口与引风机14出口相连，另一个进风口与大气相连，热风罩15出风口覆盖烧结机1上表面；所述的烧结大烟道余热利用系统包括烧结大烟道16和大烟道余热锅炉17，大烟道余热锅炉17采用内置形式，嵌入在烧结大烟道16内；所述的发电系统设有汽轮机18和发电机19，汽轮机18与发电机19通过联轴器连接，汽轮机18进口蒸汽来自于余热锅炉13产生的中温中压蒸汽，汽轮机18排出的蒸汽与冷凝器20进口连接，冷凝器20出口与凝结水泵21入口连接，凝结水泵21出口与汽封加热器22入口相连，汽封加热器22出口与余热锅炉13预热器入口连接，余热锅炉13预热器出口与除氧器23进水口连接，除氧器23进汽口与汽轮机18连接，除氧器23出水口与给水泵24入口连接，给水泵24出口分为两路，一路与余热锅炉13省煤器入口连接，另一路与大烟道余热锅炉17汽包连接。As shown in the figure: a multi-product coupling energy-saving device in the sintering process, including a sinter sensible heat efficient furnace cold utilization system, a hot air sintering system, a sintering large flue waste heat utilization system, and a power generation system; the sinter sensible heat is highly efficient Furnace cooling utilization system includes sintering machine 1, single roll crusher 2 installed at the tail of sintering machine 1, reclaim valve 3, chain conveyor 4, cooling furnace 6, blower 10, cyclone dust collector 12, waste heat boiler 13 and induced draft fan 14. The lower part of the single roll crusher 2 is provided with a retrieving valve 3, the lower part of the retrieving valve 3 is connected to one end of the chain conveyor 4, and the other end of the chain conveyor 4 is connected to the cooling furnace 6; the air inlet of the blower 10 is connected to the The air is connected to the air, the air outlet of the blower 10 is connected to the air cap 11 in the cooling furnace 6, the air inlet of the cyclone dust collector 12 is connected to the smoke outlet of the cooling furnace 6, the air outlet of the cyclone dust collector 12 is connected to the smoke air inlet on the top of the waste heat boiler 13, and the waste heat The flue air outlet at the bottom of the boiler 13 is connected to the inlet of the induced draft fan 14; the hot air sintering system includes a hot air hood 15 arranged above the sintering machine 1, and the hot air hood 15 is provided with two air inlets, one air inlet and the outlet of the induced draft fan 14 The other air inlet is connected to the atmosphere, and the air outlet of the hot air cover 15 covers the upper surface of the sintering machine 1; the sintering large flue waste heat utilization system includes a sintering large flue 16 and a large flue waste heat boiler 17, and the large flue waste heat The boiler 17 adopts a built-in form and is embedded in the large sintering flue 16; the power generation system is provided with a steam turbine 18 and a generator 19, the steam turbine 18 and the generator 19 are connected through a coupling, and the steam imported by the steam turbine 18 comes from the waste heat boiler 13 The medium-temperature and medium-pressure steam generated, the steam discharged from the steam turbine 18 is connected to the inlet of the condenser 20, the outlet of the condenser 20 is connected to the inlet of the condensate pump 21, the outlet of the condensate pump 21 is connected to the inlet of the steam seal heater 22, and the outlet of the steam seal heater 22 is connected to the The inlet of the waste heat boiler 13 is connected to the preheater, the outlet of the waste heat boiler 13 is connected to the water inlet of the deaerator 23, the steam inlet of the deaerator 23 is connected to the steam turbine 18, the water outlet of the deaerator 23 is connected to the inlet of the feed pump 24, The outlet of the feed water pump 24 is divided into two paths, one path is connected with the inlet of the waste heat boiler 13 economizer, and the other path is connected with the large flue waste heat boiler 17 steam drum.
所述的取料阀3具有双向切换功能，高温烧结矿可通过取料阀3进入冷却炉6冷却；所述的链板机4在链板上设置有横筋，可实现30~40°的大倾角输送；所述冷却炉6与链板机4的连接处设有旋转布料器5，旋转布料器5的下料溜槽可调速旋转；所述的冷却炉6包括有冷却室和预存室，冷却室为换热腔室，内部设有多层布风风帽11；预存室为高温烧结矿的储存腔室；所述的旋风除尘器12底部设有水冷装置；所述热风罩15的两个进风口上均设有阀门；所述的热风罩15分别设置于烧结机1的头部和尾部；所述的大烟道余热锅炉的换热面包括布置在低温段的热管换热面17-1和布置在高温段的翅片管换热面17-2，翅片管换热面17-2进出口管道上均设有切断阀，翅片管换热面17-2内控制烟气冲刷流速为5~7m/s；所述的大烟道余热锅炉17不设省煤器，给水为104℃的除氧水，产生中温中压饱和蒸汽。The reclaim valve 3 has a two-way switching function, and the high-temperature sintered ore can enter the cooling furnace 6 through the reclaim valve 3 to be cooled; Inclined conveying; the connection between the cooling furnace 6 and the chain conveyor 4 is provided with a rotary distributor 5, and the feeding chute of the rotary distributor 5 can rotate at an adjustable speed; the cooling furnace 6 includes a cooling chamber and a pre-storage chamber, The cooling chamber is a heat exchange chamber with a multi-layer air distribution hood 11 inside; the pre-storage chamber is a storage chamber for high-temperature sintered ore; the bottom of the cyclone dust collector 12 is provided with a water cooling device; the two hot air hoods 15 The air inlets are equipped with valves; the hot air cover 15 is respectively arranged at the head and tail of the sintering machine 1; the heat exchange surface of the large flue waste heat boiler includes a heat exchange surface 17- 1 and the finned tube heat exchange surface 17-2 arranged in the high temperature section, the inlet and outlet pipes of the finned tube heat exchange surface 17-2 are equipped with shut-off valves, and the flue gas scour is controlled inside the finned tube heat exchange surface 17-2 The flow velocity is 5~7m/s; the large flue waste heat boiler 17 does not have an economizer, and the feed water is deoxygenated water at 104°C, which generates medium temperature and medium pressure saturated steam.
烧结机1上的高温烧结矿，经单辊破碎机2破碎后，通过取料阀3进入链板机4，链板机4将高温烧结矿提升输送至冷却炉6入口，冷却炉6炉口与链板机4连接处设置有旋转布料器5，旋转布料器5将高温烧结矿均匀的布置于冷却炉6的预存室内，冷却炉6的预存室内的高温烧结矿经冷却炉6的冷却室后，通过振动给料器7和旋转密封阀8，进入冷矿皮带9后送进后续利用系统。The high-temperature sintered ore on the sintering machine 1 is crushed by the single-roller crusher 2, and then enters the chain plate machine 4 through the reclaiming valve 3, and the chain plate machine 4 lifts the high-temperature sintered ore to the entrance of the cooling furnace 6, and the mouth of the cooling furnace 6 A rotary distributor 5 is installed at the connection with the chain conveyor 4, and the rotary distributor 5 evenly arranges the high-temperature sintered ore in the pre-storage room of the cooling furnace 6, and the high-temperature sintered ore in the pre-storage room of the cooling furnace 6 passes through the cooling room of the cooling furnace 6 Finally, through the vibrating feeder 7 and the rotary sealing valve 8, it enters the cold ore belt 9 and then is sent to the follow-up utilization system.
鼓风机10将环境中的空气加压后送至冷却炉6冷却室中的风帽11内，经风帽11进行气流重组后，与冷却炉6冷却室中的高温烧结矿逆流充分换热，换热后高温烧结矿冷却至150℃以下，冷却空气加热至600℃左右。600℃左右的热空气进入旋风除尘器12，除去热空气中大部分的粉尘颗粒后，进入余热锅炉13进行热交换，余热锅炉13可以产生中温中压的蒸汽，换热后的空气温度为140℃左右，通过引风机14排出。The blower 10 pressurizes the air in the environment and sends it to the air cap 11 in the cooling chamber of the cooling furnace 6. After the airflow is recombined through the air cap 11, it exchanges heat fully with the high-temperature sinter in the cooling chamber of the cooling furnace 6. After the heat exchange The high-temperature sinter is cooled to below 150°C, and the cooling air is heated to about 600°C. The hot air at about 600°C enters the cyclone dust collector 12, removes most of the dust particles in the hot air, and then enters the waste heat boiler 13 for heat exchange. The waste heat boiler 13 can generate medium-temperature and medium-pressure steam, and the air temperature after heat exchange is 140 ℃, discharged through the induced draft fan 14.
所述的取料阀3具有双向切换功能，高温烧结矿可通过取料阀3进入环冷机冷却或冷却炉6冷却，提高烧结矿冷却系统的运转率；The reclaim valve 3 has a two-way switching function, and the high-temperature sinter can be cooled by the ring cooler or the cooling furnace 6 through the reclaim valve 3, so as to improve the operation rate of the sinter cooling system;
所述的旋转布料器5的下料溜槽能够调速旋转，可使烧结矿在冷却炉6内部粒度分布更加均匀；The feeding chute of the rotary distributor 5 can rotate at a speed regulation, which can make the particle size distribution of the sintered ore in the cooling furnace 6 more uniform;
所述的冷却炉6包括有冷却室和预存室，冷却室内部设有风帽11，是烧结矿与冷却介质的换热腔室，实现高温烧结矿的冷却；预存室是高温烧结矿的储存腔室，可以提高烧结矿的质量和冷却炉的稳定性；The cooling furnace 6 includes a cooling chamber and a pre-storage chamber, and the cooling chamber is provided with a wind cap 11, which is a heat exchange chamber for sinter and cooling medium to realize cooling of high-temperature sinter; the pre-storage chamber is a storage chamber for high-temperature sinter chamber, which can improve the quality of sinter and the stability of cooling furnace;
所述的旋风除尘器12能够除去进入余热锅炉13的热空气中的大部分粉尘颗粒，减轻余热锅炉13换热面的磨损情况；The cyclone dust collector 12 can remove most of the dust particles in the hot air entering the waste heat boiler 13, and reduce the wear of the heat exchange surface of the waste heat boiler 13;
所述的余热锅炉13产生中温中压参数的蒸汽；The waste heat boiler 13 produces steam with medium temperature and medium pressure parameters;
所述的旋风除尘器底部设有水冷装置，能够将除尘器收集的粉尘冷却；The bottom of the cyclone dust collector is equipped with a water cooling device, which can cool the dust collected by the dust collector;
所述的热风烧结系统，包括引风机14和热风罩15。余热锅炉排出的140℃左右的空气经引风机14加压后，通过烟风管道连接至热风罩15，替代环境中的常温20℃空气，为烧结机1生产提供所需的燃烧空气，从而可以降低烧结生产1%~2%的燃料消耗。The hot air sintering system includes an induced draft fan 14 and a hot air hood 15 . The air at about 140°C discharged from the waste heat boiler is pressurized by the induced draft fan 14, and then connected to the hot air hood 15 through the flue air duct to replace the air at a normal temperature of 20°C in the environment and provide the required combustion air for the production of the sintering machine 1, thereby enabling Reduce the fuel consumption of sintering production by 1%~2%.
所述热风罩15上设两个进风口，一个进风口与引风机出口相连，另一个进风口与大气相连，热风罩15出风口覆盖烧结机台车上表面。The hot air cover 15 is provided with two air inlets, one air inlet is connected with the outlet of the induced draft fan, and the other air inlet is connected with the atmosphere, and the air outlet of the hot air cover 15 covers the upper surface of the sintering machine trolley.
所述的热风罩15的两个进风口上均设有阀门，能够合理调节进入热风罩15的热风温度和流量；The two air inlets of the hot air cover 15 are provided with valves, which can reasonably regulate the hot blast temperature and flow rate entering the hot air cover 15;
所属的热风罩15分别设置于烧结机1的头部和尾部，头部区域的热风罩15可以提高烧结矿的成品率，尾部区域的热风罩可以提高烧结矿温度，从而提高烧结矿显热高效炉冷利用系统的效率；The associated hot air hoods 15 are respectively arranged at the head and tail of the sintering machine 1. The hot air hoods 15 in the head area can increase the yield of sintered ore, and the hot air hoods in the tail area can increase the temperature of sintered ore, thereby improving the sensible heat efficiency of sintered ore. The efficiency of the furnace cooling utilization system;
烧结大烟道余热利用系统，包括烧结大烟道16、大烟道余热锅炉17。大烟道余热锅炉17嵌入在烧结大烟道16内部，烧结大烟道16尾部的高温烟气依次与大烟道余热锅炉17中的翅片管换热面17-1和热管换热面17-2进行热交换，加热给水产生中压饱和蒸汽。The sintering large flue waste heat utilization system includes a sintering large flue 16 and a large sintering flue waste heat boiler 17 . The large flue waste heat boiler 17 is embedded inside the sintering large flue 16, and the high-temperature flue gas at the tail of the sintering large flue 16 is sequentially connected with the finned tube heat exchange surface 17-1 and the heat pipe heat exchange surface 17 in the large flue waste heat boiler 17 -2 for heat exchange, heating feed water to produce medium pressure saturated steam.
所述的大烟道余热锅炉17中，翅片管换热面17-1具有良好的耐高温性能，布置在烧结大烟道的高温段，热管换热面17-2具有较高的安全性，布置在烧结大烟道的相对低温段；In the large flue waste heat boiler 17, the finned tube heat exchange surface 17-1 has good high temperature resistance, and is arranged in the high temperature section of the sintering large flue, and the heat exchange surface 17-2 of the heat pipe has relatively high safety , arranged in the relatively low-temperature section of the large sintering flue;
所述的翅片管换热面17-2进出口管道上均设有切断阀，当换热面发生泄漏时能够全部切除，而不影响大烟道余热锅炉其它换热面的正常运行；The inlet and outlet pipes of the heat exchange surface 17-2 of the finned tubes are equipped with cut-off valves, which can be completely cut off when the heat exchange surface leaks, without affecting the normal operation of other heat exchange surfaces of the large flue waste heat boiler;
所述的翅片管换热面17-2控制烟气冲刷流速为5~7m/s，以减轻管道表面磨损，并降低灰尘在管道表面沉积；The finned tube heat exchange surface 17-2 controls the flue gas flushing flow rate to 5-7m/s to reduce the wear on the surface of the pipe and reduce the deposition of dust on the surface of the pipe;
所述的大烟道余热锅炉17给水为104℃的除氧水，本体内不设省煤器，不仅可以提高大烟道余热锅炉的产汽量，而且可避免换热面发生低温酸腐蚀，保护设备的安全运行；The feed water of the large flue waste heat boiler 17 is deoxygenated water at 104°C. There is no economizer in the main body, which can not only increase the steam production of the large flue waste heat boiler, but also avoid low-temperature acid corrosion on the heat exchange surface. Protect the safe operation of equipment;
所述的大烟道余热锅炉17不设过热器，只产生中压饱和蒸汽，从而可以保证换热面不发生超温现象，保护设备的安全运行；The large flue waste heat boiler 17 does not have a superheater, but only produces medium-pressure saturated steam, so as to ensure that the heat exchange surface does not overheat and protect the safe operation of the equipment;
所述的大烟道余热锅炉17产生的饱和蒸汽进入余热锅炉13内过热，产生中温中压的过热蒸汽；The saturated steam produced by the large flue waste heat boiler 17 enters the waste heat boiler 13 for superheating, and produces medium-temperature and medium-pressure superheated steam;
所述的发电系统，包括以下设备：汽轮机18、发电机19、冷凝器20、凝结水泵21、汽封加热器22、除氧器23、给水泵24和冷却塔25。汽轮机18与发电机19通过联轴器连接，将机械能转化为电能，余热锅炉13产生的过热蒸汽，经汽轮机18膨胀做功后，变为低压湿蒸汽，进入冷凝器20，与冷却塔25来的循环水间接换热，变成凝结水，经汽封加热器22初步加热后，进入余热锅炉13的预热器加热到95℃左右，在进入除氧器23的进水口，除氧器23需要的加热蒸汽来自于汽轮机18的抽汽口，除氧器23中除过氧的水经给水泵24加压后分为两路，一路与余热锅炉13省煤器入口连接，另一路与大烟道余热锅炉17中的汽包连接。The power generation system includes the following equipment: a steam turbine 18 , a generator 19 , a condenser 20 , a condensate pump 21 , a seal heater 22 , a deaerator 23 , a feed water pump 24 and a cooling tower 25 . The steam turbine 18 is connected to the generator 19 through a coupling to convert mechanical energy into electrical energy. The superheated steam generated by the waste heat boiler 13, after being expanded by the steam turbine 18, becomes low-pressure wet steam, enters the condenser 20, and the steam from the cooling tower 25 Circulating water is indirectly heat-exchanged and turned into condensed water. After preliminary heating by the steam seal heater 22, the preheater entering the waste heat boiler 13 is heated to about 95°C. At the water inlet of the deaerator 23, the deaerator 23 needs The heating steam comes from the steam extraction port of the steam turbine 18, and the deoxygenated water in the deaerator 23 is pressurized by the feed pump 24 and divided into two paths, one path is connected to the economizer inlet of the waste heat boiler 13, and the other path is connected to the large smoke Drum connection in waste heat boiler 17.
所述的除氧器23采用新型大气式热力除氧，除氧器23进水首先在余热锅炉13预热器内加热后再进入除氧器23，从而可降低除氧抽汽量，提高汽轮机18的做功能力。The deaerator 23 adopts a new type of atmospheric thermal deoxygenation. The water entering the deaerator 23 is first heated in the preheater of the waste heat boiler 13 and then enters the deaerator 23, thereby reducing the amount of deoxygenation and extracting steam and improving the steam turbine efficiency. 18 work ability.
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