CN108927439B - A kind of material billow forming processing method based on chemical reaction - Google Patents
A kind of material billow forming processing method based on chemical reaction Download PDFInfo
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- CN108927439B CN108927439B CN201810639750.1A CN201810639750A CN108927439B CN 108927439 B CN108927439 B CN 108927439B CN 201810639750 A CN201810639750 A CN 201810639750A CN 108927439 B CN108927439 B CN 108927439B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D26/00—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces
- B21D26/02—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces by applying fluid pressure
- B21D26/06—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces by applying fluid pressure by shock waves
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/60—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using solids, e.g. powders, pastes
- C23C8/62—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using solids, e.g. powders, pastes only one element being applied
- C23C8/68—Boronising
- C23C8/70—Boronising of ferrous surfaces
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Ceramic Products (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Alloys Or Alloy Compounds (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
Abstract
The material billow forming processing method based on chemical reaction that the invention discloses a kind of, the expansive force that the method for processing forming is generated using chemical reaction product in high temperature is as pressure, processing and forming is implemented to metal or metal/ceramic composite material, the chemical reaction product is the TiBN of Ti and B, N element reaction generation.This method can be processed by heat expansion, prepare various high density, high intensity and high rigidity part or profile, be particularly suitable for those materials that processing and forming is carried out in room temperature difficulty.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to materials processing technology field, in particular to a kind of material billow forming processing based on chemical reaction
Method.
Background technique
Relevant art methods generally comprise with the present invention: 1, vacuum tank billow forming method；2, casting-billow forming
Method；3, hip moulding method.Vacuum tank billow forming method is using heat expansion material as core model, and body material is former, is processed
Material is between core model and former, and core model expansive force squeezes machined material after mold is heated, realizes processing.The technical method
It is suitble to the co-curing processing of composite products, the thermal expansion material of use is silicon rubber.The use temperature of silicon rubber is 180-
200 DEG C, so, this processing method carries out at a temperature of can only being confined to 200 DEG C.So machined material is mainly various rings
Oxygen resin and its diluent and curing agent.Casting-billow forming method is mainly used for metal material processing.It is that molten metal is injected
Into hollow tube, pressure is applied to liquid metal immediately, forms metal under stress, hollow tube is expanded, and metal is formed
With the product of hollow tube one.Hip moulding processing method is for the purpose of implementing preforming processing to the powder before sintering.
High temperature alloy or ceramic powders are coated in stainless steel film in advance, which is placed in high-voltage oil cylinder, it is applied
Pressure, makes covering body volume become smaller, and powder connects into fine and close pre-sintered body, prepares to obtain high-density sintered material.
Summary of the invention
Compared to the prior art, difference of the invention and advantage are: 1, the present invention is to utilize the swollen of chemical reaction generation
Expansive force implements processing and forming to material, and vacuum tank billow forming method is the expansion rapidoprint with silicon rubber, generates expansive force
Material it is different；Casting-billow forming method is that expansion processing is obtained with mechanical external force；Hot isostatic pressing is to be processed to coat with hydraulic coupling
Body；2, material to be processed can be metal or metal/ceramic composite material.Relative vacuum tank billow forming method can only process epoxy
Resin, casting-billow forming method can only be using for metals, and method of the invention has broader practicability；3, present invention side
Method can carry out processing and forming under high temperature, constant temperature, and vacuum tank billow forming method is processed at 200 DEG C, casting-billow forming method
Processing be processing and forming to be carried out in metal liquid temperature-fall period, and waiting static pressure is to be processed at room temperature.It is golden at high temperature
Category has good ductility, and Slow Isothermal processing may insure that material is carried out under extended state, be easy to get molding.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a kind of material billow forming processing method based on chemical reaction, institute
Expansive force that method for processing forming is generated using chemical reaction product in high temperature is stated as pressure, it is compound to metal or metal/ceramic
Material profile is implemented as type processing, and the chemical reaction product is the TiBN that the compound reaction containing Ti and B, N element generates.
Further, the process of the chemical reaction are as follows:
4BF3+3SiC+4O2=2BF2+B2O3+2SiF4↑+SiO2+3CO↑ (1)
B4C+2KF+SiC+4O2=[B]+BF2↑+B2O3+K2SiO3+2CO↑ (2)
B4C+2BF3+2.5O2=[B]+3BF2↑+B2O3+CO2↑ (3)
3BF2=[B]+2BF3↑ (4)
2B2O3+2BF3=3B2O2+3F2 (5)
3B2O2=2B2O3+2[B] (6)
4B2O3+6SiC+6BF3=11 [B]+3BF2+3SiO2+3SiF4+6CO↑ (7)
N2=2 [N] (8)
Ti+ [B]+[N]=TiBN (9).
Further, the chemical reaction is generated when 580-1250 DEG C of temperature range heats.
Further, the method realizes processing by a billow forming device, and the billow forming device has
Following characteristics: (1) billow forming device is hidden in pack boronizing medium；(2) pack boronizing medium is in 580-1250 DEG C of temperature range
Heating；(3) reaction product TiBN generates expansive force.
Further, the specific steps of the method are as follows:
The first step prepares pack boronizing medium, and pack boronizing medium ingredient includes: B4C, SiC and KBF4；
Second step, design and prepare billow forming device, the billow forming device include sintered-carbide die, baffle and
Ti powder, the Ti powder are surrounded by baffle and material to be processed, and hole is had on baffle, and the outside of material to be processed coats
The sintered-carbide die is reserved with material to be processed and deforms molding sky between the material to be processed and sintered-carbide die
Between；
Third step is hidden billow forming device with pack boronizing medium and is seeped in tank in solid, and the solid seeps tank using resistance to
High-temperature material is made, and solid, which seeps, is filled with pack boronizing medium in tank, and the billow forming dress is embedded in the pack boronizing medium
It sets；
4th step, solid seep the heat treatment of tank: solid infiltration tank be placed in resistance furnace and is heated, heating temperature range
It is 580-1250 DEG C, soaking time is 2-4 hours；
5th step takes out solid after the completion of heating and seeps tank, after solid infiltration tank is cooled to room temperature, opens solid and seeps tank, go
Except pack boronizing medium, withdrawing device opens mold and takes out the material to be processed, as final molding material.
Further, the billow forming device seeps the distance of tank top, bottom and inner sidewall at least apart from the solid
For 3cm.
The invention also discloses a kind of solid infiltration tanks for realizing the above method, and it is upper/lower terminal opening that the solid, which seeps tank,
Drum-shaped, the solid, which seeps, is filled with pack boronizing medium in tank, buried in the pack boronizing medium and be covered with billow forming device, institute
Stating billow forming device includes sintered-carbide die, baffle and Ti powder, and the Ti powder is wrapped by baffle and material to be processed
It encloses, hole is had on baffle, the outside of material to be processed coats the sintered-carbide die, and the material to be processed and hard close
It is reserved with material to be processed between golden mold and deforms molding space, solid seeps tank to be sealed with lid.
As can be seen from the above technical solutions, the present invention using solid occur chemical reaction generate expansive force to material into
Capable pressure forming processing.Pressure mode used and the prior art are significantly different.State when material to be processed is processed can
To be liquid, liquid+solid-state and solid-state, heating temperature and material melting point are depended on.Pressure processing temperature range is wide, from 580-
1250℃.Material through the method machine-shaping has the characteristics that high density and high intensity.For example, pure Al alloy strength is not high, it is
Improving its intensity is usually to add Al into Al alloy2O3Ceramic powders, since Al alloy is more than Al2O3Ceramic powders than great,
Al when casting processing2O3Ceramic powders easily float, and are difficult to obtain the equally distributed Al alloy+Al of ceramic particle2O3Ceramic Composite
Material.Aluminium powder and quasi- addition Al2O3It is pressed into blank after ceramic powders mixing, then by the pressure former of invention
This blank is processed, high density, high intensity Al alloy+Al can be successfully prepared2O3Composite material solves this casting
Make the technical problem of industry.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to illustrate the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, required use in being described below to embodiment
Attached drawing be briefly described, it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, for this
For the those of ordinary skill of field, without any creative labor, it can also be obtained according to these attached drawings other
Attached drawing.
Fig. 1 is the assembling structure schematic diagram of billow forming processing unit (plant) before billow forming；
Solid seeps the schematic diagram of internal structure of tank when Fig. 2 is billow forming；
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of billow forming processing unit (plant) after billow forming.
Specific embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawing, and in conjunction with the embodiments the present invention is described further.
Embodiment 1
A kind of material billow forming processing method based on chemical reaction, specific steps are as follows:
1. weighing 1000 grams of pack boronizing medium bought from market, pack boronizing medium belongs to the conventional medication of this field, this
Its ingredient of patent requirements should include at least: B4C, SiC and KBF4；
2. assembling billow forming processing unit (plant) as shown in Figure 1, sintered-carbide die 5 uses the removable shackle of upper and lower two parts
Merge fixation (any one in the prior art can be used and be detachably fixed mode, such as clip holds fixation etc. tightly) to form, hard
The internal diameter of alloy mold 5 is 30mm, and with keeping for material to be processed to deform molding circular arc 9,5 wall thickness of sintered-carbide die is
2mm, length 200mm.Material 4 to be processed is copper pipe, and copper pipe is placed in sintered carbide die by outer diameter 30mm, wall thickness 2mm
In tool 5；2 diameter of baffle is 30mm, with a thickness of 5mm.It weighs as 200 grams of Ti powder 1 (granularity is 200 mesh), Ti powder
End 1 is placed on the space between two baffles, and Ti powder 1 is surrounded by baffle 2 and material to be processed 4.Baffle 2 has above uniformly to be divided
The diameter of cloth is the air hole of 2mm.Pack boronizing medium 3 is filled in 2 two sides of baffle.Pacify between pack boronizing medium 3 and baffle
Stainless (steel) wire (300 mesh) is put, prevents pack boronizing medium 3 from entering in Ti powder through baffle.
3. solid seeps filled solid boriding medium 3 in tank 6, assembled billow forming processing unit (plant) 7 is embedded in solid and seeps tank 6
In pack boronizing medium in, billow forming processing unit (plant) 7 apart from the solid seep tank top, bottom and inner sidewall distance at least
For 3cm.Pack boronizing medium closely surrounds compacting billow forming processing unit (plant) 7, seals solid with lid 8 and seeps tank, as shown in Figure 2.
It is heated 4. a solid infiltration tank is put into resistance furnace.830 DEG C of heating temperature, time 2 h.
5. the N element in B and air that pack boronizing medium generates is through gear after heating 2 hours under 830 DEG C of environment
Plate and Ti powder chemically react, and generate TiBN compound, and at the same time, volume expands, and the expansive force of generation squeezes
Material to be processed makes copper pipe expand deformation.The deformation occurs between chemical reaction product and sintered-carbide die, deformation
Expansion molding processing is completed in stopping when body is moved to sintered-carbide die inner wall.It is processed the shape and sintered carbide die of copper pipe
It is consistent to have inner wall shape, as shown in Fig. 3.The copper pipe of machine-shaping can be taken out by opening mold.Straight copper pipe is warm
The swollen special-shaped material being processed into rounded protuberance.Billow forming processing is slowly completed at 830 DEG C.
Embodiment 2
A kind of material billow forming processing method based on chemical reaction, specific steps are as follows:
1. weighing 1000 grams of pack boronizing medium bought from market, the ingredient of pack boronizing medium should be included at least: B4C、SiC
And KBF4；
2. assembling billow forming processing unit (plant) as shown in Figure 1, sintered-carbide die 5 uses the removable shackle of upper and lower two parts
Merge fixation (any one in the prior art can be used and be detachably fixed mode, such as clip holds fixation etc. tightly) to form, hard
The internal diameter of alloy mold 5 is 30mm, and with keeping for material to be processed to deform molding circular arc 9,5 wall thickness of sintered-carbide die is
2mm, length 200mm；Material 4 to be processed is Al-Si alloy+Al2O3The tubular green compact of ceramic mixed-powder compacting, Al-Si powder
Last granularity is 200 mesh, Al2O3Powder size is 200 mesh, Al2O3Proportion is 3% (weight ratio).Green compact outer diameter is 30mm,
Wall thickness 2mm, length 60mm.The green compact is placed in sintered-carbide die 5；2 diameter of baffle is 30mm, with a thickness of 5mm.Weighing
Ti powder 1, is placed on the space between two baffles 2,1 quilt of Ti powder by the Ti powder 1 (granularity is 200 mesh) that amount is 400 grams
Baffle 2 and material to be processed 4 are surrounded.Baffle 2 has air hole that equally distributed diameter is 2mm above, and (barrier material is
Al2O3Potsherd).Pack boronizing medium 3 is filled in baffle two sides.Stainless (steel) wire is placed between pack boronizing medium and baffle
(300 mesh) prevents pack boronizing medium from entering in Ti powder through baffle.
3. solid seeps filled solid boriding medium 3 in tank 6, assembled billow forming processing unit (plant) 7 is embedded in solid and seeps tank 6
In pack boronizing medium in, billow forming processing unit (plant) 7 apart from the solid seep tank top, bottom and inner sidewall distance at least
For 3cm.Pack boronizing medium closely surrounds compacting billow forming processing unit (plant) 7, seals solid with lid 8 and seeps tank, as shown in Figure 2.
It is heated 4. a solid infiltration tank is put into resistance furnace.760 DEG C of heating temperature, time 2 h.
5. the N element in B and air that pack boronizing medium generates is through gear after heating 2 hours under 760 DEG C of environment
Plate and Ti powder chemically react, and generate TiBN compound, and the expansive force of generation squeezes material to be processed, at the same time, pressure
Al-Si alloy powder in base melts, and Al2O3Particle still maintains as solid-state.Green compact is in liquid solid glue in the case
Be processed under state it is molding.Stopping when deformable body is moved to sintered-carbide die inner wall is completed expansion molding processing, is obtained
Al2O3The high density of even particle distribution, high hardness aluminium alloy composite materials.
6. opening mold after sintered-carbide die is cooling and tubing being taken out.There is TiBN film in pipe material inner wall, in pipe
What is formed inside material is TiBN powder, and powder is removed, and retains film, just obtains the special-shaped composite material tube of machine-shaping
Material.
Technical solution provided by the present invention is described in detail above, for those of ordinary skill in the art,
Thought according to an embodiment of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation manner and application range, in conclusion this theory
Bright book content should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of material billow forming processing method based on chemical reaction, which is characterized in that the method for processing forming is to change
Expansive force that reaction product is generated in high temperature is learned as pressure, to metal or metal/ceramic composite material implementation processing and forming, institute
State the TiBN that chemical reaction product is Ti and B, N element reaction generation.
2. a kind of material billow forming processing method based on chemical reaction according to claim 1, which is characterized in that institute
State the process of chemical reaction are as follows:
4BF3+3SiC+4O2=2BF2+B2O3+2SiF4↑+SiO2+3CO↑ (1)
B4C+2KF+SiC+4O2=[B]+BF2↑+B2O3+K2SiO3+2CO↑ (2)
B4C+2BF3+2.5O2=[B]+3BF2↑+B2O3+CO2↑ (3)
3BF2=[B]+2BF3↑ (4)
2B2O3+2BF3=3B2O2+3F2 (5)
3B2O2=2B2O3+2[B] (6)
4B2O3+6SiC+6BF3=11 [B]+3BF2+3SiO2+3SiF4+6CO↑ (7)
N2=2 [N] (8)
Ti+ [B]+[N]=TiBN (9).
3. a kind of material billow forming processing method based on chemical reaction according to claim 1, which is characterized in that institute
Stating chemical reaction is generated when 580-1250 DEG C of temperature range heats.
4. described in any item a kind of material billow forming processing methods based on chemical reaction according to claim 1~3, special
Sign is that the method realizes processing by a billow forming device, and the billow forming device has the following characteristics that
(1) billow forming device is hidden in pack boronizing medium；(2) pack boronizing medium is heated in 580-1250 DEG C of temperature range；(3) anti-
Product TiBN is answered to generate expansive force.
5. described in any item a kind of material billow forming processing methods based on chemical reaction according to claim 1~3, special
Sign is, the specific steps of the method are as follows:
The first step prepares pack boronizing medium, and pack boronizing medium ingredient includes: B4C, SiC and KBF4；
Second step, design and preparation billow forming device, the billow forming device includes sintered-carbide die, baffle and Ti powder
End, the Ti powder are surrounded by baffle and material to be processed, on baffle have hole, material to be processed outside cladding described in
Sintered-carbide die is reserved with material to be processed and deforms molding space between the material to be processed and sintered-carbide die；
Third step is hidden billow forming device with pack boronizing medium and is seeped in tank in solid, and the solid seeps tank and uses high temperature resistant
Material is made, and solid, which seeps, is filled with pack boronizing medium in tank, is embedded with the billow forming device in the pack boronizing medium；
4th step, solid seep the heat treatment of tank: solid infiltration tank being placed in resistance furnace and is heated, heating temperature range is
580-1250 DEG C, soaking time is 2-4 hours；
5th step takes out solid after the completion of heating and seeps tank, after solid infiltration tank is cooled to room temperature, opens solid and seeps tank, removal is solid
Body boriding medium, withdrawing device open mold and take out the material to be processed, as final molding material.
6. a kind of material billow forming processing method based on chemical reaction according to claim 5, which is characterized in that institute
It states billow forming device and is at least 3cm apart from the distance that the solid seeps tank top, bottom and inner sidewall.
7. a kind of solid seeps tank, which is characterized in that the solid seeps the drum-shaped that tank is upper/lower terminal opening, and the solid seeps
It is filled with pack boronizing medium in tank, is buried in the pack boronizing medium and is covered with billow forming device, the billow forming device includes
Sintered-carbide die, baffle and Ti powder, the Ti powder are surrounded by baffle and material to be processed, and hole is had on baffle,
The outside of material to be processed coats the sintered-carbide die, be reserved between the material to be processed and sintered-carbide die to
Rapidoprint deforms molding space, and solid seeps tank to be sealed with lid.
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| CN201810639750.1A CN108927439B (en) | 2018-06-21 | 2018-06-21 | A kind of material billow forming processing method based on chemical reaction |
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| CN201810639750.1A CN108927439B (en) | 2018-06-21 | 2018-06-21 | A kind of material billow forming processing method based on chemical reaction |
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| CN108927439B true CN108927439B (en) | 2019-09-27 |
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Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB878178A (en) * | 1959-12-01 | 1961-09-27 | Olin Mathieson | Metal forming |
| JPS5747860A (en) * | 1980-09-03 | 1982-03-18 | Toshiba Mach Co Ltd | Anticorrosive coat for molten aluminum |
| CN1046107A (en) * | 1989-04-07 | 1990-10-17 | 王传信 | Universal valve, tube-fitting expansion pressure forming process |
| CN1473680A (en) * | 2002-05-21 | 2004-02-11 | �����ʩ���عɷݹ�˾ | TiBN coating |
| CN101720378A (en) * | 2007-05-04 | 2010-06-02 | 活力恐龙有限公司 | Be used to make the apparatus and method of tube element expansion |
| JP5142141B2 (en) * | 2008-01-24 | 2013-02-13 | 新日鐵住金株式会社 | Hot-rolled steel sheets for hydroforming, steel pipes for hydroforming, and methods for producing them |
-
2018
- 2018-06-21 CN CN201810639750.1A patent/CN108927439B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB878178A (en) * | 1959-12-01 | 1961-09-27 | Olin Mathieson | Metal forming |
| JPS5747860A (en) * | 1980-09-03 | 1982-03-18 | Toshiba Mach Co Ltd | Anticorrosive coat for molten aluminum |
| CN1046107A (en) * | 1989-04-07 | 1990-10-17 | 王传信 | Universal valve, tube-fitting expansion pressure forming process |
| CN1473680A (en) * | 2002-05-21 | 2004-02-11 | �����ʩ���عɷݹ�˾ | TiBN coating |
| CN101720378A (en) * | 2007-05-04 | 2010-06-02 | 活力恐龙有限公司 | Be used to make the apparatus and method of tube element expansion |
| JP5142141B2 (en) * | 2008-01-24 | 2013-02-13 | 新日鐵住金株式会社 | Hot-rolled steel sheets for hydroforming, steel pipes for hydroforming, and methods for producing them |
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