CN108925201A - A kind of novel beet excavates automatic aligning device and its working principle - Google Patents

A kind of novel beet excavates automatic aligning device and its working principle Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108925201A
CN108925201A CN201811178552.6A CN201811178552A CN108925201A CN 108925201 A CN108925201 A CN 108925201A CN 201811178552 A CN201811178552 A CN 201811178552A CN 108925201 A CN108925201 A CN 108925201A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
shaft
beet
detection bar
bar
detection
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Pending
Application number
CN201811178552.6A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
吕小莲
王伟
吕小荣
王申莹
张孝琼
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Chuzhou University
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Chuzhou University
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Priority to CN201811178552.6A priority Critical patent/CN108925201A/en
Publication of CN108925201A publication Critical patent/CN108925201A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01DHARVESTING; MOWING
    • A01D25/00Lifters for beet or like crops
    • A01D25/04Machines with moving or rotating tools
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01DHARVESTING; MOWING
    • A01D33/00Accessories for digging harvesters

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of novel beets to excavate automatic aligning device and its working principle, belongs to agricultural machinery technological field.Automatic aligning device of the present invention includes rack, erecting bed, side plate, installing pipe, supporting plate, digger blade, oil cylinder, the offset detection mechanism as composed by angular transducer, installation set, shaft, detection bar and the avoidance mechanism as composed by adapter sleeve, pressing plate, mounting plate, U-shaped bar, pull rod.The present invention obtains the automatic obstacle-avoiding that detection bar angle change passes through Tiebar structure to the adjust automatically and avoidance mechanism of digger blade by offset detection mechanism, effectively realize automatic to row during beet harvest, the problems such as loss is big, damage ratio is big, operating efficiency is low, large labor intensity is received in leakage during solving beet harvest.

Description

A kind of novel beet excavates automatic aligning device and its working principle
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of novel beets to excavate automatic aligning device and its working principle, belongs to agricultural mechanical field.
Background technique
Beet is one of main sugar crop in the world, currently, there are mechanization degrees in the production of China's beet, low, production is imitated The problems such as rate is low, large labor intensity, low economic benefit, the especially lag of sugar beet harvester, it has also become it is raw to restrict beet Produce the main bottleneck of development.Beet harvest operation link is more, and technical difficulty is larger, can be certainly to equipment especially in digging operation It is dynamic higher to row, accurate job requirements.If deviation occurs in digger blade direction of advance when such as digging operation, digging, few digging will be leaked, also It needs manually to excavate again, not only causes largely to lose, but also operating efficiency is low.
Beet main producing region largely uses ridge culture mode, since agronomy is lack of standardization, Planting Row Distance etc., and harvest machinery needs pair Row harvest, furthermore cropper driver is clean in order to harvest, and walks as possible to every trade, needs high concentration, adjust direction of advance frequently, Virtually improve labor intensity, and row operation accuracy be easily affected by human factors, it is difficult to guarantee harvest operation effect and Efficiency.The design of beet mechanized harvest automatic aligning device is harvested to promoting the automatization level of sugar beet harvester, improving Operating efficiency, reduction leakage loss, reduction personnel labor intensity have important practical significance.
Summary of the invention
Technical problems to be solved by the inivention
The present invention receives that loss is big, damage ratio is big, operating efficiency is low, large labor intensity etc. is asked for leakage in current beet harvest Topic provides a kind of novel beet and excavates automatic aligning device and its working principle, realizes automatic to row during beet harvest.
Technical solution
In order to solve the above technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a kind of novel beet excavates automatically to luggage Set, which is characterized in that including rack, erecting bed, side plate, installing pipe, supporting plate, digger blade, oil cylinder, based on the offset detection of angle Mechanism and avoidance mechanism based on pull rod;Erecting bed is fixed on the rack, and side plate is two, is located at left and right sides of device, peace Tubulature is two, is respectively welded on left side plate, digger blade is bolted in installing pipe, and digger blade is in installing pipe Installation site it is adjustable;Oil cylinder is fixed on erecting bed, and cylinder rod is connect by bolt with left side plate at left and right sides of oil cylinder, can Pass through the excavation position for moving left and right adjusting digger blade of oil cylinder cylinder rod;Supporting plate is two, symmetrical to be fixed on erecting bed Front end, the offset detection mechanism based on angle offset are two groups, are located at two front edge of board, realization device offset detection;Base It is two groups in the avoidance mechanism of pull rod, is located at below two offset detection mechanisms, realization device avoidance.
Further, the offset detection mechanism based on angle includes angular transducer, installation set, shaft, detection bar;Installation Set is located at two front edge of board, and reduction torsion spring is equipped in installation set, and angular transducer is installed on above supporting plate by installation set, realizes The perception of detection bar rotational angle information;Shaft is installed on the shaft phase below supporting plate and with angular transducer by installation set Even, shaft lower end is the tapered surface of internal notches, and detection bar is installed in shaft fluting and hinged by pin shaft and shaft.
Further, detection bar is rod-like structure in T shape, and the upper end is installed in shaft fluting.
Further, the avoidance mechanism based on pull rod includes adapter sleeve, pressing plate, mounting plate, U-shaped bar, pull rod;Adapter sleeve is Positioned at shaft lower end and the adapter sleeve that can move up and down in shaft, mounting plate is fixed on detection bar center, on mounting plate If U-shaped bar both ends of the surface are each passed through two mounting holes on mounting plate there are two mounting hole, pressing plate passes through U-shaped bar open end two The fastening screw of rod end surface is fixedly mounted on U-shaped bar, and reset spring is equipped between pressing plate and mounting plate, and pull rod is bilateral symmetry Double-rod structure, pull rod lower end connect with U-shaped rod rear end, and pull rod upper end is hinged by pin shaft with adapter sleeve;Initial adapter sleeve position In shaft lower end tapered surface, shaft is affixed with detection bar, pushes U-shaped bar along mounting plate upper installing hole when being squeezed in front of pressing plate It moves backward, while pulling adapter sleeve to move down by pull rod, when adapter sleeve is detached from shaft lower end tapered surface, detection bar can Opposite shaft rotates backward, and when squeezing disappearance in front of pressing plate, between the pressing plate and mounting plate under action of reset spring, leads to Crossing pull rod pushes adapter sleeve to move up, and shaft is again affixed with detection bar.
A kind of working principle for excavating automatic aligning device based on aforementioned novel beet, which is characterized in that when device works For linear motion in harvest area, original state adapter sleeve covers at the tapered surface of shaft lower end, when sweet tea in detection bar and harvest area When dish contacts, since shaft is affixed with detection bar, when detection bar stress can not with respect to shaft swing, under beet squeezing action, Detection bar bypasses beet by axial rotation, and the angle information transfer that will be turned over by shaft is to angular transducer, angle Input single-chip microcontroller carries out information processing after sensor converts angle signal, is calculated according to the size of the angle turned over and telegoniometer Beet deviates the position at digger blade center, and controls oil cylinder cylinder rod by single-chip microcontroller and move left and right, and realizes the real-time position of digger blade Adjusting is set, around after beet, detection bar resets under the action of reduction torsion spring in installation set;When beet contacts within the scope of pressing plate When detection plate, since the distance at deviation detection bar center is smaller, detection bar can not bypass beet by itself axial rotation, this When under the squeezing action of beet, pressing plate pushes mounting hole of the U-shaped bar in detection plate to move backward, so drive pull rod pull Adapter sleeve moves down, and when adapter sleeve is detached from shaft lower end tapered surface, detection bar and shaft releasing are affixed, in detection front edge of board Under the effect of beet pressure, detection bar is swung backward with respect to shaft to rise and crosses beet, and the stress on device pressing plate disappears later, Under action of reset spring, pressing plate pulls U-shaped bar to reset, while driving pull rod that adapter sleeve is pushed to be moved upward to and covering under shaft It is again that shaft is affixed with detection bar on end toper face, while in installation set under reduction torsion spring effect, detection bar resets, after Continue subsequent harvest operation.
Beneficial effect
The present invention solves during beet harvests since equipment cannot achieve quick, the accurately leakage receipts loss caused by row Greatly, the problems such as low efficiency, avoid manually it is high to row bring labor intensity, row operation accuracy is easily affected by human factors The problem of, beet operating efficiency is improved, harvest leakage loss is reduced, reduces harvest personnel labor intensity, improves beet harvester The automatization level of tool.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is automatic aligning device main view of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is automatic aligning device top view of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is offset detection mechanism of the present invention and avoidance structural scheme of mechanism;
Label declaration in figure: 1- rack;2- erecting bed;3- side plate;4- installing pipe;5- supporting plate;6- angular transducer;7- Reduction torsion spring;8- installation set;9- shaft;10- adapter sleeve;11- detection bar;12- reset spring;13- pressing plate;14- fastening screw; 15- mounting plate;16-U type bar;17- pull rod;18- digger blade;19- oil cylinder.
Specific embodiment
To further appreciate that the contents of the present invention, in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in detail.
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, novel beet automatic aligning device includes rack 1, erecting bed 2, side plate 3, installing pipe 4, branch Plate 5, digger blade 18, oil cylinder 19, the offset detection mechanism based on angle and the avoidance mechanism based on pull rod;Erecting bed 2 is fixed In rack 1, side plate 3 is two, is located at left and right sides of device, and installing pipe 4 is two, is respectively welded on left side plate, is dug Pick shovel 18 is bolted in installing pipe, and position-adjustable of the digger blade in installing pipe, oil cylinder 19 is fixed on erecting bed 2 On, cylinder rod is connect by bolt with left side plate at left and right sides of oil cylinder, can be excavated by the adjusting that moves left and right of 19 cylinder rod of oil cylinder The excavation position of shovel 18;Supporting plate 5 is two, symmetrical to be fixed on 2 front end of erecting bed.
Fig. 3 offset detection mechanism of the present invention and avoidance structural scheme of mechanism, the offset detection mechanism based on angle offset are two Group is located at two supporting plates, 5 front end, including angular transducer 6, installation set 8, shaft 9, detection bar 11;5 front end of supporting plate is equipped with peace Encapsulation 8, installation set 8 is interior to be equipped with reduction torsion spring 7, and angular transducer 6 is mounted on 5 top of supporting plate by installation set 8, and shaft 9 passes through Installation set 8 is mounted below supporting plate, and shaft 9 is connected with the shaft of angular transducer, and 9 lower end of shaft is the taper of internal notches Face, detection bar 11 are rod-like structure in T shape, and the upper end is installed in shaft fluting and hinged by pin shaft and shaft 9.
Avoidance mechanism based on pull rod is two groups, is located at below two offset detection mechanisms, including adapter sleeve 10, pressing plate 13, mounting plate 15, U-shaped bar 16, pull rod 17.Mounting plate 15 is fixed on 11 center of detection bar, set on mounting plate there are two peace Hole is filled, pressing plate 13 is fixedly mounted on U-shaped bar 16 by the fastening screw 14 of U-shaped two rod end surface of bar open end, reset spring 12 It is mounted between mounting plate 15 and pressing plate 13, pull rod 17 is symmetrical double-rod structure, and 17 lower end of pull rod and U-shaped 16 rear end of bar connect It connects, 17 upper end of pull rod is hinged by pin shaft with adapter sleeve 10.13 length of pressing plate is big by the allowable offset for being not required to adjust digger blade Small determination, 10 sets of initial adapter sleeve on 9 lower end tapered surface of shaft, at this point, shaft 9 and detection bar 11 are affixed, before pressing plate 13 Face encounter beet squeeze when, mounting hole of the U-shaped bar 16 on mounting plate 15 moves backward, drive pull rod 17 pull adapter sleeve 10 to Lower movement, when adapter sleeve 10 is detached from 9 lower end tapered surface of shaft, detection bar 11 can rotate backward with respect to shaft 8, before pressing plate 13 Side squeeze disappear when, between pressing plate 13 and mounting plate 15 reset spring 12 act under, by pull rod 17 push adapter sleeve 10 to Upper movement, shaft 9 is again affixed with detection bar 11.
The novel beet excavates the working principle of automatic aligning device, when device is started to work, makees straight line in harvest area Movement, 10 sets of original state adapter sleeve at 9 lower end tapered surface of shaft, when detection bar 11 and harvest area in beet contact when, by Affixed in shaft 9 and detection bar 11, when 11 stress of detection bar, can not swing with respect to shaft 9, under beet squeezing action, detection bar 11 bypass beet by axial rotation, and the angle information transfer that will be turned over by shaft 9, to angular transducer 6, angle passes Input single-chip microcontroller carries out information processing after sensor 6 converts angle signal, is calculated according to the size of the angle turned over and telegoniometer Beet deviates the position at 18 center of digger blade, and controls oil cylinder cylinder rod 19 by single-chip microcontroller and move left and right, and realizes digger blade 18 Real time position is adjusted, and around after beet, detection bar resets under the action of reduction torsion spring 7 in installation set 8.
When beet contacts detection plate 15 in 13 range of pressing plate, since the distance at deviation detection bar center is smaller, detection Bar 11 can not bypass beet by itself axial rotation, and at this time under the squeezing action of beet, pressing plate 13 pushes U-shaped 16 edge of bar Mounting hole in detection plate 15 moves backward, and then drives pull rod 17 that adapter sleeve 10 is pulled to move down, when adapter sleeve 10 is detached from When 9 lower end tapered surface of shaft, detection bar and shaft releasing are affixed, under detection front edge of board beet pressure effect, 11 phase of detection bar Shaft 9 is swung backward and rises and crosses beet, the stress on device pressing plate 13 disappears later, under the effect of reset spring 12, Pressing plate 13 pulls U-shaped bar 16 to reset, while driving pull rod 17 that adapter sleeve 10 is pushed to be moved upward to and covering in 9 lower end tapered surface of shaft On, it is again that shaft 9 and detection bar 11 is affixed, while in installation set 8 under the effect of reduction torsion spring 7, detection bar 11 resets, and continues Subsequent harvest operation.
Schematically the present invention and embodiments thereof are described above, description is not limiting, institute in attached drawing What is shown is also one of embodiments of the present invention, and actual structure is not limited to this.So if the common skill of this field Art personnel are enlightened by it, without departing from the spirit of the invention, are not inventively designed and the technical solution Similar frame mode and embodiment, are within the scope of protection of the invention.

Claims (5)

1. a kind of novel beet excavates automatic aligning device, which is characterized in that including rack, erecting bed, side plate, installing pipe, branch Plate, digger blade, oil cylinder, the offset detection mechanism based on angle and the avoidance mechanism based on pull rod;The erecting bed is fixed on In rack, the side plate is two, is located at left and right sides of device, and the installing pipe is two, is respectively welded on left side plate, The digger blade is bolted in installing pipe, and installation site of the digger blade in installing pipe is adjustable;The oil cylinder is solid It is scheduled on erecting bed, cylinder rod is connect by bolt with left side plate at left and right sides of oil cylinder, can moving left and right by oil cylinder cylinder rod Adjust the excavation position of digger blade;The supporting plate is two, symmetrical to be fixed on the erecting bed front end, described to be based on angle The offset detection mechanism of degree offset is two groups, is located at two front edge of board, realization device offset detection;It is described based on pull rod Avoidance mechanism is two groups, is located at below two offset detection mechanisms, realization device avoidance.
2. novel beet as described in claim 1 excavates automatic aligning device, which is characterized in that the offset based on angle Testing agency includes angular transducer, installation set, shaft, detection bar;The installation set is located at two front edge of board, sets in installation set There is reduction torsion spring, the angular transducer is installed on above supporting plate by installation set, realizes the sense of detection bar rotational angle information Know;The shaft is installed below supporting plate by installation set and is connected with the shaft of angular transducer, and the shaft lower end is interior The tapered surface of portion's fluting, the detection bar are installed in shaft fluting and hinged by pin shaft and shaft.
3. novel beet as claimed in claim 2 excavates automatic aligning device, which is characterized in that the detection bar is in T word The rod-like structure of shape, the upper end are installed in shaft fluting.
4. novel beet as claimed in claim 3 excavates automatic aligning device, which is characterized in that the avoidance based on pull rod Mechanism includes adapter sleeve, pressing plate, mounting plate, U-shaped bar, pull rod;The adapter sleeve is positioned at the shaft lower end and can be in shaft On the adapter sleeve that moves up and down, the mounting plate is fixed on the detection bar center, set on mounting plate there are two mounting hole, The U-shaped bar both ends of the surface are each passed through two mounting holes on mounting plate, and the pressing plate passes through U-shaped two rod end surface of bar open end Fastening screw is fixedly mounted on U-shaped bar, and reset spring is equipped between the pressing plate and mounting plate;The pull rod is bilateral symmetry Double-rod structure, pull rod lower end connect with the U-shaped rod rear end, and pull rod upper end is hinged by pin shaft with adapter sleeve;Initial fastening Set is located at shaft lower end tapered surface, and shaft is affixed with detection bar, pushes U-shaped bar to pacify along mounting plate when being squeezed in front of pressing plate Dress hole moves backward, while pulling adapter sleeve to move down by pull rod, when adapter sleeve is detached from shaft lower end tapered surface, detection Bar can rotate backward with respect to shaft, when squeezing disappearance in front of pressing plate, the action of reset spring between the pressing plate and mounting plate Under, push adapter sleeve to move up by pull rod, shaft is again affixed with detection bar.
5. a kind of working principle for excavating automatic aligning device based on novel beet as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that dress For linear motion in harvest area when setting work, original state adapter sleeve covers at the tapered surface of shaft lower end, when detection bar and receives When obtaining in area beet and contacting, since shaft is affixed with detection bar, when detection bar stress, can not be with respect to shaft swing, in beet extruding Under effect, detection bar bypasses beet by axial rotation, and the angle information transfer that will be turned over by shaft is to angle sensor Device, input single-chip microcontroller carries out information processing after angular transducer converts angle signal, according to the size of the angle turned over and side Deviate the position at digger blade center to beet is calculated, and oil cylinder cylinder rod is controlled by single-chip microcontroller and is moved left and right, realizes digger blade Real time position adjust, around after beet, detection bar resets under the action of reduction torsion spring in installation set;When beet is in pressing plate model When enclosing interior contact detection plate, since the distance at deviation detection bar center is smaller, detection bar can not by itself axial rotation around Beet is crossed, at this time under the squeezing action of beet, pressing plate pushes mounting hole of the U-shaped bar in detection plate to move backward, and then band Dynamic pull rod pulls adapter sleeve to move down, and when adapter sleeve is detached from shaft lower end tapered surface, detection bar and shaft releasing are affixed, It detects under the effect of front edge of board beet pressure, detection bar is swung backward with respect to shaft to rise and cross beet, later on device pressing plate Stress disappear, under action of reset spring, pressing plate pulls U-shaped bar to reset, while driving pull rod that adapter sleeve is pushed to move up It is again that shaft is affixed with detection bar to covering on the tapered surface of shaft lower end, while in installation set under reduction torsion spring effect, inspection Measuring staff resets, and continues subsequent harvest operation.
CN201811178552.6A 2018-10-10 2018-10-10 A kind of novel beet excavates automatic aligning device and its working principle Pending CN108925201A (en)

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109362322A (en) * 2018-12-13 2019-02-22 青岛农业大学 Cut soft stone roller formula sugar beet combine
CN109526445A (en) * 2018-12-14 2019-03-29 山东省农业机械科学研究院 Cotton topping automatic aligning device, combine and control method
CN111316812A (en) * 2018-12-13 2020-06-23 中国科学院沈阳自动化研究所 Automatic line alignment sensing device and automatic line alignment method for corn combine harvester
CN112050736A (en) * 2020-09-17 2020-12-08 黑龙江省农业机械工程科学研究院 Root tuber is to going detection device for beet harvester
CN114946286A (en) * 2022-05-11 2022-08-30 农业农村部南京农业机械化研究所 Self-adaptive profiling regulation and control device and method for sweet potato ridge body weeding machine

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109362322A (en) * 2018-12-13 2019-02-22 青岛农业大学 Cut soft stone roller formula sugar beet combine
CN111316812A (en) * 2018-12-13 2020-06-23 中国科学院沈阳自动化研究所 Automatic line alignment sensing device and automatic line alignment method for corn combine harvester
CN111316812B (en) * 2018-12-13 2022-02-11 中国科学院沈阳自动化研究所 Automatic line aligning method of corn combine harvester
CN109362322B (en) * 2018-12-13 2023-11-14 青岛农业大学 Splitting and soft rolling type beet combine harvester
CN109526445A (en) * 2018-12-14 2019-03-29 山东省农业机械科学研究院 Cotton topping automatic aligning device, combine and control method
CN112050736A (en) * 2020-09-17 2020-12-08 黑龙江省农业机械工程科学研究院 Root tuber is to going detection device for beet harvester
CN114946286A (en) * 2022-05-11 2022-08-30 农业农村部南京农业机械化研究所 Self-adaptive profiling regulation and control device and method for sweet potato ridge body weeding machine

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Application publication date: 20181204