CN108923651B - Single-input double-output three-switch-group DC-DC converter and control method thereof - Google Patents
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
- H02M3/158—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J1/00—Circuit arrangements for dc mains or dc distribution networks
- H02J1/10—Parallel operation of dc sources
- H02J1/102—Parallel operation of dc sources being switching converters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J1/00—Circuit arrangements for dc mains or dc distribution networks
- H02J1/08—Three-wire systems; Systems having more than three wires
- H02J1/082—Plural DC voltage, e.g. DC supply voltage with at least two different DC voltage levels
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Abstract
The invention provides a single-input double-output three-switch-group DC-DC converter and a control method thereof. The converter comprises a direct current input power supply, a first direct current load, a second direct current load and a switch bridge arm; the switch bridge arm is formed by connecting a first switch group, a second switch group, a third switch group and a coupling inductor in series, and each switch group is formed by connecting N power switch units in series. The circuit of the invention has three ports, forms three connection modes with one DC power supply and two DC loads, and can respectively realize the functions of boosting, reducing voltage and boosting and reducing voltage under different connection conditions. The invention adopts carrier phase-shift PWM control to control the on and off of the switch tube in the power switch unit, thereby realizing the regulation of load voltage. The invention is suitable for the application occasions of single-input double-output high-voltage high-power direct current.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of distributed power generation systems and direct-current power transmission, in particular to a single-input double-output three-switch-group DC-DC converter and a control method thereof.
Background
As an effective means for solving the problem of new energy grid connection, flexible multi-terminal direct current transmission and a direct current power grid are rapidly developed. However, many dc networks currently operate at different voltage levels and need to be connected via an inverter. The main methods currently used to connect different dc networks are: the direct current grids are connected in pairs through direct current transformers, the multiple direct current grids are connected through multi-port direct current-direct current converters, and the multiple direct current grids are connected through multi-port direct current-direct current self-coupling transformers. When a plurality of direct current power grids are connected, the former two methods not only need a plurality of converters, but also have high cost and large loss because the voltage is converted by a DC-AC and an AC-DC two-stage converter; the third method needs a plurality of converters connected in series, and has low fault tolerance rate and high cost. Therefore, the research on the single high-voltage high-power DC-DC converter is of great significance.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a single-input double-output three-switch-group DC-DC converter and a control method thereof.
The object of the present invention is achieved at least by the following means.
The single-input double-output three-switch-group DC-DC converter comprises a direct-current input power supply, a bridge arm, a first direct-current load and a second direct-current load; the bridge arm is formed by connecting a first switch group, a second switch group, a third switch group and a coupling inductor in series; the first switch group, the second switch group and the third switch group are formed by connecting N power switch units in series, and N is a positive integer. The upper end a of the first switch group and the grounding point n form a first port T of the converter1The non-dotted terminal of the primary side of the coupling inductor and the connection point c and the grounding point n at the upper end of the second switch group form a second port T of the converter2The connecting point d of the lower end of the second switch group and the same name end of the secondary side of the coupling inductor and the grounding point n form a third port T of the converter3And the lower end of the third switch group is used as a grounding point n of the converter.
Further, the voltage U of the first port of the single-input double-output three-switch-group DC-DC converter1Voltage U of the second port2Voltage U of the third port3Satisfies the following conditions: u shape1>U2>U3。
Furthermore, the direct current input power supply, the first direct current load and the second direct current load have three different connection modes with the first port, the second port and the third port. First oneThe method comprises the following steps: the first port is connected with the anode of the direct current input power supply, the cathode of the direct current input power supply is connected with the ground, the second port is connected with one end of the first direct current load, the other end of the first direct current load is connected with the ground, the third port is connected with one end of the second direct current load, and the other end of the second direct current load is connected with the ground, so that the voltage reduction function is realized; the second mode is as follows: first port T1One end of a first DC load is connected, the other end of the first DC load is connected with the ground, and a second port T2One end of a second direct current load is connected, the other end of the second direct current load is connected with the ground, and a third port T3The positive pole of the direct current input power supply is connected, and the negative pole of the direct current input power supply is connected with the ground, so that the boosting function is realized; the third mode is as follows: first port T1One end of a first DC load is connected, the other end of the first DC load is connected with the ground, and a second port T2The positive pole of the DC input power supply is connected, the negative pole of the DC input power supply is connected with the ground, and the third port T3And one end of the second direct current load is connected, and the other end of the second direct current load is connected with the ground, so that the voltage boosting and reducing functions are realized.
Furthermore, the coupling inductor in the bridge arm can be replaced by two independent inductors with equal values, namely an upper bridge arm inductor and a lower bridge arm inductor.
Furthermore, the power switch unit comprises a first switch tube, a second switch tube, a first diode, a second diode and a capacitor; the anode of the capacitor is connected with the collector of the second switch tube and the cathode of the second diode, the emitter of the second switch tube is connected with the anode of the second diode, the collector of the first switch tube and the cathode of the first diode, and the emitter of the first switch tube is connected with the anode of the first diode and the cathode of the capacitor; the collector of the first switch tube is used as a first output end, and the emitter of the first switch tube is used as a second output end.
Furthermore, the second output end of the ith power switch unit of each switch group is connected with the first output end of the (i + 1) th power switch unit, wherein the value of i is 1-N-1.
The control method of the converter is that the carrier phase-shift PWM is adopted to control the switching tube of each switch groupSwitching on and off; the ith power switch unit of the first switch group (A1) and the ith power switch unit of the third switch group adopt the same triangular wave as the ith carrier wave uCiWherein, i takes the value of 1-N; the N carriers lag the phase angle by 360 degrees/N in sequence; the output voltage of the first switch group and the output voltage of the third switch group both adopt direct current waves as modulation waves.
Further, in the above control method, the first modulated wave uRef1With the ith carrier uCiObtaining the control level of the gate pole of the first switching tube of the ith power switching unit of the first switching group through the first comparator when the first modulation wave uRef1Greater than the ith carrier uCiWhen the first comparator outputs a high level, the first modulation wave uRef1Less than the ith carrier uCiWhen the voltage is higher than the set voltage, the first comparator outputs a low level, wherein the value of i is 1-N; second modulated wave uRef2With the ith carrier uCiObtaining the control level of the gate pole of the first switching tube of the ith power switching unit of the third switching group through the second comparator when the second modulation wave uRef2Less than the ith carrier uCiWhen the second comparator outputs a high level, the second modulation wave uRef2Greater than the ith carrier uCiWhen the voltage is lower than the first threshold voltage, the second comparator outputs a low level; the control level of the gate pole of the first switching tube of the ith power switching unit of the first switching group and the control level of the gate pole of the first switching tube of the ith power switching unit of the third switching group are obtained through an XOR gate to obtain the control level of the gate pole of the first switching tube in the ith power switching unit of the second switching group; and obtaining the control level of the gate electrode of the second switching tube of each power switching unit of each switching group after inverting the control level of the gate electrode of the first switching tube in each power switching unit of each switching group.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and technical effects: the single-input double-output three-switch-group DC-DC converter has the advantages of MMC, can realize any output voltage by changing the number N of modules in the switch group, is suitable for the application in high-voltage and high-power occasions, and the capacitor voltage in each power unit module is U1N; compared with the prior DC-DC conversion circuit topology, the DC-DC converter provided by the inventionThe converter can realize two paths of direct current output under the condition of one input direct current power supply, thereby greatly reducing the engineering cost; by selecting different connection modes among the converter port, the direct-current power supply and the direct-current load, the single-input double-output three-switch-group DC-DC converter can realize the functions of boosting, reducing voltage and simultaneously boosting and reducing voltage.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a circuit structure diagram of a first connection mode of a single-input double-output three-switch-group DC-DC converter;
FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of a power cell of the single input dual output three switch bank DC-DC converter shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a carrier phase shift PWM control method of the single-input dual-output three-switch-group DC-DC converter shown in FIG. 1;
fig. 4 shows modulation waves and carrier waveforms of the carrier phase shift PWM control method adopted by the single-input dual-output three-switch-group DC-DC converter of the present embodiment.
Fig. 5 is a simulated waveform diagram of a single-input dual-output three-switch-group DC-DC converter.
Detailed Description
To further illustrate the content and features of the present invention, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited thereto. It is noted that the following processes or symbols, if not specifically described in detail, are understood or implemented by those skilled in the art with reference to the prior art.
Take the first connection method as an example.
Referring to fig. 1, the dual-output single-phase three-switch-group DC-DC converter of the present embodiment includes a DC input power UdcSwitch bridge arm and first direct current load R1A second DC load R2(ii) a The switch bridge arm consists of a first switch group A1 and a coupling inductor Lp：LsThe second switch group A2 and the third switch group A3 are connected in series; the first switch group A1 is composed of N power units SMA11、SMA12、…、SMA1NFormed in series, the second switch group A2 consisting of N power cells SMA21、SMA22、…、SMA2NAre connected in series to formThe third switch group A3 consists of N power units SMA31、SMA32、…、SMA3NAre connected in series. The lower end of the first switch group A1 and the coupling inductor Lp：LsPrimary side LpIs connected with the same name end b of the inductor Lp：LsPrimary side LpIs connected with the upper end of a second switch group A2, the lower end of the second switch group A2 is connected with a coupling inductor Lp：LsMinor edge LsIs connected with the same name end d of the coupling inductor Lp：LsMinor edge LsIs connected to the upper end of the third switch group A3, and the lower end of the third switch group A3 is connected to the ground terminal n. First port T under first connection mode1And a DC input power supply UdcIs connected with the positive pole of the DC input power supply UdcIs connected with the ground n, and a second port T2And a first load R1Is connected to a first load R1Is connected to ground n, and a third port T3And a second load R2Is connected to a second load R2The other end of which is connected to ground n. As shown in fig. 1, the ith power switch cell SM of the first switch group a1A1iAnd the (i + 1) th power switching unit SM of the first switching group a1A1(i+1)Is connected, wherein i takes a value of 1-N-1; ith power switch unit SM of second switch group A2A2iAnd the (i + 1) th power switch unit SM of the second switch group a2A2(i+1)Is connected with the first output end; the ith power switch unit SM of the third switch group A3A3iAnd the (i + 1) th power switching unit SM of the third switching group a3A3(i+1)Is connected to the first output terminal. The power module in the switch group adopts half-bridge sub-modules shown in fig. 2.
As shown in fig. 1, the dc supply voltage UdcVoltage U at two ends of first load2And a voltage U across the second load3Comprises the following steps:
combined with 1 to obtain
According to a carrier phase-shifting modulation strategy, two paths of modulation waves are selected as follows:
in this example, N is 4, Udc240V, so Uc240V/4 60V. To obtain two outputs U2＝120V，U380V, the modulated wave u is calculated by equation 3ref1＝0，uref1-1/3. The waveforms of the resulting modulated wave and carrier wave are shown in fig. 4.
The ith power switch cell SM of the first switch group A1A1iAnd the ith power switch unit SM of the third switch group A3A3iUsing the same triangular wave as the carrier uCiWherein the value of i is 1-4; 4 carriers (u)Cl、uC2、uC3、uC4) The phase angle is retarded by 90 degrees in sequence; modulated wave u output by first switch groupRef10, the modulation wave output by the third switch group
First modulated wave uRef1Are respectively associated with 4 carriers (u)Cl、uC2、uC3、uC4) By comparison, 4 power switch cells (SM) of the first switch group A1 are obtainedA11、SMA12、SMA13、SMA14) Middle first switch tube S1Control level (u) of gategA11、ugA12、ugA13、ugA14) When the first modulated wave uRef1Greater than carrier uCiControl level u obtainedgA1iAt high level when the first modulated wave uRef1Less than carrier uCiControl level u obtainedgA1iThe voltage is low level, wherein the value of i is 1-4; second modulated wave uRef2Are respectively associated with 4 carriers (u)Cl、uC2、uC3、uC4) By comparison, 4 power switch cells (SM) of the third switch group a3 are obtainedA31、SMA32、SMA33、SMA34) Middle first switch tube S1Control level (u) of gategA11、ugA12、ugA13、ugA14) When the second modulated wave uRef2Greater than carrier uCiControl level u obtainedgA3iAt low level when the second modulated wave uRef2Less than carrier uCiControl level u obtainedgA3iIs at a high level; the ith power switch cell SM of the first switch group A1A1iMiddle first switch tube S1Control level u of gategA1iAnd the ith power switch unit SM of the third switch group A3A3iMiddle first switch tube S1Control level u of gategA3iThe ith power switch unit SM of the second switch group A2 is obtained through XOR calculationA2iMiddle first switch tube S1Control level u of gategA2i(ii) a The first switch tube S in each power switch unit of each switch group1The control level of the gate pole is inverted to obtain a second switching tube S in the power switching unit2The control level of the gate. Thereby respectively obtaining the output voltage u of the first switch group A1A1The output voltage u of the second switch group A2A2And the output voltage u of the third switch group A3A2Further obtain the first output voltage U2And a second output voltage U3。
FIG. 5 shows that N is 4, UdcWhen the voltage is 240V, a simulation waveform diagram of the single-input double-output three-switch-group DC-DC converter is a first modulation wave u from top to bottom in sequenceRef1And a second modulated wave uRef2DC input voltage UdcAnd a first switch group output voltage uA1A first load voltage U2And the voltage u of the second switch groupA2Second load voltage U3And voltage u of the third switch groupA3(U3And uA3The waveforms coincide). From the waveform diagram, U2Equal to the target DC output voltage of 120V, U3Although it is pulsating direct current, its average value isThe target dc voltage is 80V.
The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications which do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be construed as equivalents thereof, and all such changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The single-input double-output three-switch-group DC-DC converter is characterized in that: comprises a DC input power supply (U dc) A switching leg, a first DC load (C)R 1) A second DC load (R 2) (ii) a The switch bridge arm consists of a first switch group (A1), a coupling inductor (A)L p：L s) The second switch group (A2) and the third switch group (A3) are connected in series; the upper end a of the first switch group (A1) forms a first port (T) of the converter1) Primary side of coupled inductor (L p) And a connection point c of the non-homonymous terminal of the second switch group (A2) and the upper end of the second switch group (A2) form a second port (T) of the converter2) The lower end of the second switch group (A2) and the secondary side of the coupling inductor (A)L s) Constitutes the third port (T) of the converter3) The lower end of the third switch group (A3) is connected with the grounding point n; DC input power supply (U dc) A first DC load (R 1) A second DC load (R 2) And the first port (T)1) A second port (T)2) A third port (T)3) There are three different connection modes; the first mode is as follows: first port (T)1) Connecting to a DC input power supply (U dc) Positive electrode of (2), direct current input power supply: (U dc) Is connected to ground (n), a second port (T)2) Connecting a first DC load (R 1) One end of (1), a first DC load (R 1) Is connected to ground (n), a third port (T)3) Connecting a second DC load (R 2) At one end of the first and second arms,a second DC load (R 2) The other end of the voltage reducing switch is connected with the ground (n) to realize the voltage reducing function; the second way is: first port (T)1) Connecting a first DC load (R 1) One end of (1), a first DC load (R 1) Is connected to ground (n), a second port (T)2) Connecting a second DC load (R 2) One end of (1), a second DC load (R 2) Is connected to ground (n), a third port (T)3) Connecting to a DC input power supply (U dc) Positive electrode of (2), direct current input power supply: (U dc) The negative electrode of the voltage booster is connected with the ground (n) to realize the voltage boosting function; the third mode is as follows: first port (T)1) Connecting a first DC load (R 1) One end of (1), a first DC load (R 1) Is connected to ground (n), a second port (T)2) Connecting to a DC input power supply (U dc) Positive electrode of (2), direct current input power supply: (U dc) Is connected to ground (n), and a third port (T)3) Connecting a second DC load (R 2) One end of (1), a second DC load (R 2) The other end of the voltage regulator is connected with the ground (n) and simultaneously realizes the voltage boosting and reducing functions; the lower end of the first switch group (A1) and the primary side of the coupling inductor (A1)L p) Is connected with the dotted terminal (b), and is coupled with the primary side of the inductor (c)L p) Is connected with the upper end of a second switch group (A2), the connection point is c, the lower end of the second switch group (A2) is connected with the secondary side of the coupling inductor (A2)L s) The same name end of (a) is connected with a connection point d, and a secondary side of a coupling inductor (b)L s) The non-homonymous terminal (e) of the third switch group (A3) is connected with the upper end of the third switch group (A3), and the lower end of the third switch group (A3) is connected with the ground terminal (n);
the first switch group (A1) is composed of N power units (SM)A11、SMA12、…、SMA1N) The second switch group (A2) is composed of N power units (SM)A21、SMA22、…、SMA2N) Is composed of N power units (A3)SMA31、SMA32、…、SMA3N) Are connected in series; wherein N is a positive integer.
2. The single-input dual-output three-switch-group DC-DC converter according to claim 1, characterized in that: first port (T)1) Voltage ofU 1A second port (T)2) Voltage ofU 2A third port (T)3) Voltage ofU 3Satisfy the requirement ofU 1>U 2>U 3。
3. The single-input dual-output three-switch-group DC-DC converter according to claim 1, characterized in that: the coupling inductor can be composed of an upper bridge arm inductor (L p) And lower leg inductance: (L s) Two independent inductances of equal value are substituted.
4. The single-input dual-output three-switch-group DC-DC converter according to claim 1, characterized in that: the power switch unit comprises a first switch tube (S)1) A second switch tube (S)2) A first diode (D)1) A second diode (D)2) And a capacitor (C)SM) (ii) a Wherein, the capacitor (C)SM) Positive pole and second switch tube (S)2) Collector electrode of, and second diode (D)2) Is connected to the cathode of the second switching tube (S)2) And a second diode (D)2) Anode of (2), first switching tube (S)1) Collector electrode of (2), first diode (D)1) Is connected to the cathode of the first switching tube (S)1) And the first diode (D)1) Anode, capacitor (C)SM) The negative electrode of (1) is connected; a first switch tube (S)1) As a first output terminal, a first switching tube (S)1) As a second output terminal.
5. The single-input dual-output three-switch-group DC-DC converter according to claim 2, characterized in that: the ith power switch cell (SM) of the first switch group (A1)A1i) And the (i + 1) th power switch unit (SM) of the first switch group (A1)A1(i+1)) Is connected with the first output end of the controller, wherein the value of i is 1 to (N-1); the ith power switch cell (SM) of the second switch group (A2)A2i) And the (i + 1) th power switch unit (SM) of the second switch group (A2)A2(i+1)) Is connected with the first output end; the ith power switch cell (SM) of the third switch group (A3)A3i) And the (i + 1) th power switching unit (SM) of the third switching group (a3)A3(i+1)) Is connected to the first output terminal.
6. The control method for the single-input dual-output three-switch-group DC-DC converter according to claim 1, characterized in that: controlling the on and off of switching tubes of a first switching group (A1), a second switching group (A2) and a third switching group (A3) by adopting carrier phase shift PWM; the ith power switch cell (SM) of the first switch group (A1)A1i) And the ith power switch cell (SM) of the third switch group (A3)A3i) Using the same triangular wave as the ith carrier waveu CiWherein: i is 1-N, N carriers (i)u C1、u C2、…、u CN) The phase angle is lagged by 360 degrees/N in sequence; first modulated waveu Ref1Using a DC wave, a second modulated waveu Ref2Direct current waves are also used.
7. The control method according to claim 6, characterized in that: first modulated waveu Ref1And the ith carrieru CiObtaining the ith power switch unit (SM) of the first switch group (A1) through the first comparatorA1i) First switch tube (S)1) Control level of gate electrode: (u gA1i) When the first modulated waveu Ref1Greater than the ith carrieru CiWhen the first comparator outputs a high level, the first comparator outputs a high level when the first modulated wave is generatedu Ref1Less than the ith carrieru CiWhen the first comparator outputs a low level, wherein the value of i is 1-N; second modulated waveu Ref2And the ith carrieru CiObtaining the ith power switch unit (SM) of the third switch group (A3) through the second comparatorA3i) First switch tube (S)1) Control level of gate electrode: (u gA3i) When the second modulated waveu Ref2Less than the ith carrieru CiWhen the second comparator outputs a high level, the second comparator outputs a high level when the second modulated wave is generatedu Ref2Greater than the ith carrieru CiWhen the voltage is lower than the first threshold voltage, the second comparator outputs a low level; the ith power switch cell (SM) of the first switch group (A1)A1i) First switch tube (S)1) Control level of gate electrode: (u gA1i) And the ith power switch cell (SM) of the third switch group (A3)A3i) First switch tube (S)1) Control level of gate electrode: (u gA3i) Obtaining the ith power switch unit (SM) of the second switch group (A2) through an exclusive-OR gateA2i) Middle first switch tube (S)1) Control level of gate electrode: (u gA2i) (ii) a The first switch tube (S) in each power switch unit of each switch group1) The control level of the gate pole is inverted to obtain a second switching tube (S) of the power switching unit2) The control level of the gate.
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| CN107612341A (en) * | 2017-09-21 | 2018-01-19 | 武汉大学 | Multiport based on 3N+3 switch cascades can present type high tension transformer and control method |
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