CN108922945A - Assess the system and method for double-sided solar battery and its emitter quantum efficiency - Google Patents
Assess the system and method for double-sided solar battery and its emitter quantum efficiency Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of system and methods for assessing double-sided solar battery and its emitter quantum efficiency, are related to solar cell test device and method technical field.The system comprises xenon flash lamp, filter wheel, optical attenuation piece, solar battery to be measured, standard silicon detector, standard testing circuit, inductive coupling circuit, signal collecting device and PC machine；By using the electric parameter of standard testing circuit test double-sided solar battery front surface and the short circuit current of rear surface, and the two-sidedness that two new parameters carry out treatment of battery is introduced with this, to realize, (STC) characterizes double-sided solar battery under standard test condition, by using inductive coupling circuit based on the minority carrier life time under quasi-steady state photoconduction technical testing solar cell surface dual wavelength, realization obtains its quantums absorption efficiency to the characterization of solar battery emitter；Present system and method have the characteristics that test quick and precisely, the detection of simple and compact for structure, feature-rich and real-time online.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to solar cell test device and method technical field more particularly to a kind of assessment double-sided solars
The system and method for battery and its emitter quantum efficiency.
Background technique
Since the 1960s, double-sided solar battery, which has been studied, emerges.Double-sided solar battery is for too
Sun can generate electricity and can reduce cost of electricity-generating, because incident sunlight can be converted into battery two sides by this solar cell types
Electric energy.Experiment proves that the generated energy of two-sided module increases by collecting the reflected radiation on roof and ambient enviroment
50%.Therefore, power density not only can be improved in double-sided solar battery, can also reduce the area of photovoltaic (PV) electric system
Cost.
In order to assess the outdoor performance of any photovoltaic apparatus, characterizing method appropriate is needed in battery and module level.It is right
For solar battery, need to characterize battery from the angle of equipment and the angle of end user.The depth of solar battery
Entering characterization helps to improve its performance.For single side solar battery, the measurement under standard test condition (STC) is well
It establishes and is usually used in photovoltaic industry.Measurement under STC corresponds to the indoor measurement under AM1.5G illumination, light intensity 1000W/
m2, device temperature is 25 DEG C.However, characterizing double-sided solar battery currently without generally accepted standardization characterizing method.
Before certain methods used at present have a kind of two sides for double-sided solar battery to be tested to obtain under the conditions of STC respectively
The electric parameter of rear surface, then linear summation is carried out to characterize to battery to the effective efficiency on front and back two sides, however it is this
Individually the mode of detection front and back efficiency cannot provide the information of the practical double-side operation about battery, because of dual aspect nature
Not only linear combination of single side characteristic.Still an alternative is that being shone by setting test device with measuring front-back simultaneously
Double-sided solar battery under bright, the method need special optional equipment that could use common solar simulator, including
Mirror and filter.Other than using optional equipment, the illuminance uniformity and spatial uniformity on battery two sides may be this method
The problem of.
The spectral response of solar battery, i.e. function of the short circuit current of per unit incident illumination power as wavelength are led to
It is usually used in studying its ability for collecting the carrier generated by the light for the different wave length for forming solar spectrum.And characterize solar-electricity
Pond emitter is particularly useful, and the doping concentration distribution of emitter must carefully optimize, to adapt to high short circuit current and low series connection
Narrow compromise between resistive arrangement.
Photoconduction measurement is increasingly used in the various aspects of characterization silicon wafer and solar battery.Photoconduction is chip
The measurement of middle effective lifetime of minority carrier.In general, explaining that this useful life is to obtain about different recombination machines
The information of system.The introducing of quasi-steady state technology, in brief, the application range that quasi-steady state photoconduction QSSPC is expanded, and facilitate
The Injection Level dependence of research carrier recombination in detail.Measuring condition improves the sensitivity to specific physical mechanism, this is right
It is useful in device diagnostic.And it can by using short wavelength illumination almost absorbed in solar battery emitter
To aggravate emitter depletion.This makes the stable state photoconduction of chip be strongly depend on emitter quantum collection efficiency.On the other hand,
The latter has little effect the photoconduction of longer wavelength light, and thus this provides the basis for comparing.This means that brilliant
Piece photoconduction may be used as the detector of emitter quantum efficiency.Contrastingly, single built in traditional quantum efficiency measuring instrument
Light instrument measures, and not only measuring speed is slow, but also they need finished device and relative complex experimental provision.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to how to provide it is a kind of test quick and precisely, simple and compact for structure, function
It is abundant and can real-time online detection the system for assessing double-sided solar battery and its emitter quantum efficiency.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is that：A kind of assessment double-sided solar battery and
The system of its emitter quantum efficiency, it is characterised in that：Including xenon flash lamp, the xenon flash lamp filters for providing light source
Wheel is located at the front of the flash lamp, optical attenuation piece is provided in front of the filter wheel, the optical attenuation piece is for adjusting xenon
The luminous intensity that flash lamp issues, solar battery to be measured are located at the front of the optical attenuation piece, the solar battery to be measured
Output end is divided into two-way after conduction device, and an input terminal of the first via through standard detection circuit and signal collecting device connects
It connects, the second tunnel is connected through another of inductive coupling circuit and signal collecting device input terminal, and the conduction device is controlled by PC
Machine connects for switching the standard detection circuit and inductive coupling circuit and the signal collecting device under the control of PC machine
It connects, standard silicon detector is used to determine incident photon flux；The standard detection circuit is for detecting solar battery to be measured
Short circuit current Isc, open-circuit voltage Voc and I-V characteristic curve；The inductive coupling circuit is used to utilize the radio-frequency coil in circuit
Measure the photoconductivity Δ σ of solar battery to be measured by inductive coupling, the PC machine be used for the standard detection circuit with
And the data of inductive coupling circuit acquisition are calculated.
A further technical solution lies in：The burst length of xenon flash lamp is adjustable at 1 millisecond~500 milliseconds.
A further technical solution lies in：The filter wheel is equipped with colorized optical filtering there are two a clear opening and installations
Piece, described two colored filters respectively correspond the long wavelength near the short wavelength and an infrared light of a ultraviolet light attachment,
Band logical is 10nm-20nm.
A further technical solution lies in：The adjustable range of the optical attenuation piece is 0.01~10 sun light intensity, wherein
Under the atmospheric conditions of AM1.5G, a sun light intensity is 1000w/m2, can most change 150 times in 12ms pulse fastly.
The invention also discloses a kind of method for assessing double-sided solar battery and its emitter quantum efficiency, feature exists
In including the following steps：
Step 1：Each device parameters make test environment meet STC standard test condition in setting measuring system, and filter wheel is set
It is set to straight-through bore, solar battery to be measured and standard detection circuit communication, incident intensity is adjusted in optical attenuation piece, standard
Silicon detector makes it equal to 1000W/m to light intensity monitoring2, the temperature control device in standard detection circuit is controlled at 25 DEG C；
Step 2:Utilize the short circuit current I of standard detection circuit test solar battery front surface to be measuredsc-f, open-circuit voltage
Voc-fWith I-V characteristic curve, the fill factor FF that mesuring battary front surface is calculated is being handled by PC machinef, pseudo- fill factor
PFF and efficiency etaf；
Step 3：By solar battery turn-over to be measured, the short circuit current of cell backside is measured using standard detection circuit
Isc-r, rear to calculate irradiation gain g：
(1) G in formulafIndicate the irradiation level of solar battery front side, GrIndicate the irradiation level of rear surface of solar cell；Similarly
Irradiation level factor x can be calculated by following formula：
Then short-circuit current gain R is calculatedIsc：
Then dark saturation current I is calculated0, can be reached by following formula：
Wherein q is charge, and K is Boltzmann constant, and T is absolute temperature, and n is the quality factor of equivalent diode, finally
The two-sided equivalent efficiency η of mesuring battary is calculated using following formulabi：
And the gain efficiency product P of solar battery to be measured is obtained by following formulag, assessed double-sided solar battery
Final gain：
Pg=g × ηbi (6)
Step 4：Solar battery to be measured is connected to by the conduction device in activation system with inductive coupling circuit, xenon flash of light
Lamp launches pulsed light, by filter wheel shortwave long length filter filter after obtain short wavelength's monochromatic light, be irradiated to it is to be measured too
Positive to be tested on battery, inductive coupling circuit couples to obtain sample photo-signal by radio frequency inductive, adopts by signal
Collection equipment is transferred to PC machine, obtains the photoconductive Δ σ, incident intensity N of battery after calculating based on quasi-steady state technologyphBy standard silicon
Thus detector real-time monitoring calculates battery minority carrier lifetime tau under short wavelengtheff(UV)；
Step 5：Rotation filter wheel, which is adjusted to long wave long length filter, carries out second test to obtain long wavelength's monochromatic light,
Change incident intensity by adjusting optical attenuation piece in test process, to obtain and the long monochromatic light test condition of step 4 intermediate waves
Under identical photoconduction, calculate this light intensity and photoconduction under battery minority carrier lifetime taueff(IR)；
Step 6：Emitter Internal Quantum of the solar battery to be measured under short wavelength can be quickly obtained by following formula to receive
Collect efficiency etae, wherein identical due to controlling test light conductance twice, i.e. carrier concentration Δ n is equal to constant：
A further technical solution lies in：The I-V characteristic curve that shoot the sun energy battery is treated in the step 2 of this method carries out
When measurement, when mesuring battary is high efficiency battery, there are transient errors for measurement result, therefore introduce an error model, electric current
J is defined as steady-state current JssWith the transient current caused by rechargeable solar battery or electric dischargeThe sum of：
Wherein Q is the quantity of electric charge of the per unit area of solar battery, using following formula simulate solar battery to be measured because
The transient current error that capacity effect generates：
N in formula (9)iFor intrinsic carrier density, Vj is node voltage, and V is end voltage, RsFor series resistance, J is electric current
Density, NA,DFor substrate doping density, w is cell thickness；It is bent from the I-V for being shorted to open-circuit condition by test solar battery
Line, and the steady state I-V of solar battery then can be rebuild with following formula to the I-V curve of short-circuit condition from open circuit：
The precision calculated so as to improve subsequent parameter.
Generated beneficial effect is by adopting the above technical scheme：The method of the invention using standard detection circuit and
Non-contact inductive coupling circuit is treated shoot the sun energy battery respectively and is tested, by introducing two new parameters come treatment of battery
Two-sidedness realizes that (STC) characterizes double-sided solar battery under standard test condition；And also pass through quasi-steady state photoelectricity waveguide technology
The minority carrier life time under dual wavelength is obtained, realization characterizes solar battery emitter to obtain its quantums absorption efficiency.The party
Method is from the aspect of assessing double-sided solar battery including back side gain and its to the shadow of double-sided solar battery overall performance
It rings, to quantify the characteristic of double-sided solar battery completely, can play a significant role in terms of improving double-sided solar battery；
It is suitable in terms of characterizing emitter quantum efficiency with the emitter region of simple, contactless mode routine monitoring solar battery
Domain, and have the characteristics that measurement result is accurate, measuring speed is fast.Entire test macro and method have simple and compact for structure, function
It the advantages of capable of enriching, measuring quick and precisely, can be efficiently applied in the production line for needing to detect real-time, quickly.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
Fig. 1 is the functional block diagram of system described in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the functional block diagram of system Plays detection circuit described in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the functional block diagram of inductive coupling circuit in system described in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the two-sided equivalent efficiency and gain efficiency product test result curve of two pieces of double-sided solar battery samples
Figure；
Wherein：1, xenon flash lamp 2, filter wheel 3, optical attenuation piece 4, solar battery to be measured 5, standard silicon detector
6, standard detection circuit 7, inductive coupling circuit 8, signal collecting device 9, PC machine.
Specific embodiment
With reference to the attached drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete
Ground description, it is clear that described embodiment is only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, it is obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts every other
Embodiment shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention, but the present invention can be with
Implemented using other than the one described here other way, those skilled in the art can be without prejudice to intension of the present invention
In the case of do similar popularization, therefore the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.
As shown in Figure 1, the embodiment of the invention discloses a kind of assessment double-sided solar batteries and its emitter quantum efficiency
System, including xenon flash lamp 1, for the xenon flash lamp 1 for providing light source, filter wheel 2 is located at the front of the flash lamp, institute
The front for stating filter wheel 2 is provided with optical attenuation piece 3, and the optical attenuation piece 3 is used to adjust the luminous intensity of the sending of xenon flash lamp 1, to
Shoot the sun energy battery 4 is located at the front of the optical attenuation piece 3, and the output end of the solar battery 4 to be measured is after conduction device
It is divided into two-way, the first via is connect through standard detection circuit 6 with an input terminal of signal collecting device 8, and the second tunnel is through inductance coupling
Circuit 7 is closed to connect with another input terminal of signal collecting device 8.The conduction device is controlled by PC machine 9, in PC machine 9
Control under switch the standard detection circuit 6 and inductive coupling circuit 7 is connect with the signal collecting device, standard silicon is visited
Device 5 is surveyed to be used to determine incident photon flux；The standard detection circuit 6 is used to detect the short circuit current of solar battery to be measured
Isc, open-circuit voltage Voc and I-V characteristic curve；The inductive coupling circuit 7 is used to pass through electricity using the radio-frequency coil in circuit
Sense coupling measures the photoconductivity Δ σ of solar battery to be measured, and the PC machine 9 is used for the standard detection circuit and inductance
The data of coupling circuit acquisition are calculated.
Filter wheel 2 in system of the present invention is placed in 1 front of the xenon flash lamp, above equipped with a straight-through aperture and
Two colored filters, respectively correspond the short wavelength near a ultraviolet light and the long wavelength near an infrared light, and band logical is
10~20nm.And the luminous intensity of xenon flash lamp 1 is adjusted by optical attenuation piece 3, and adjustable range is 0.01~10 sunlight
(sun) strong (under the atmosphere factor of AM1.5G, a sun light intensity is 1000w/m2), most can change 150 in 12ms pulse fastly
Times, to adapt to quickly detect needs.
As shown in Fig. 2, Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of standard testing circuit, the standard testing circuit 6 includes load, electricity
Flow table, voltmeter, test probe and temperature control device, for detecting short circuit current Isc, the open-circuit voltage of solar battery to be measured
Voc and I-V characteristic curve.
As shown in figure 3, Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of inductive coupling circuit, the inductive coupling circuit 7 is based on quasi- steady
The state method of photoconductivity decay measurement measures the photoconductivity Δ of solar battery to be measured using the radio-frequency coil in circuit by inductive coupling
σ。
There are conduction device, solar-electricity to be measured between standard testing circuit 6 in present system and inductive coupling circuit 7
Pond 4 can automatically switch between two detection circuits, and 7 common light source xenon flash lamp of standard testing circuit 6 and inductive coupling circuit
1, detection work and control are independent mutually.Signal collecting device 8 and the standard testing circuit 6, inductive coupling circuit 7 and PC
Machine 9 is connected, and is pre-processed for various electric signals obtained in two detection circuits of acquisition and is transferred to PC machine 9.
PC machine 9, which handles signal to calculate minority carrier lifetime, in present system is realized based on quasi-steady state technology,
And battery emitter quantum efficiency is characterized using the standard carrier lifetime measurement under short wavelength and long wavelength's monochromatic illumination
Principle is：When irradiating solar battery with the light near short wavelength, that is, ultraviolet light, the light of short wavelength is almost launched extremely completely
It absorbs, this makes the stable state photoconduction of battery be strongly depend on emitter quantum collection efficiency, and photoconduction at this time can indicate
For：
ΔσL(UV)≈q(μn+μp)τeffNph(UV)fabs(UV)ηe(UV)
Wherein, μnAnd μpIt is the mobility of electronics, hole, τeffIt is minority carrier lifetime, Nph(UV)For incident light at this time
Sub- flux, fabs(UV)For the optical absorption factor.And when irradiating solar battery using the light near long wavelength, that is, infrared light, hair
Power generation in emitter-base bandgap grading becomes the negligible part of total amount, i.e., has little effect to the photoconduction of longer wavelength light, light at this time
Conductance can be expressed as：
ΔσL(IR)≈q(μn+μp)τeffNph(IR)fabs(IR)
By making Δ σL(UV)=Δ σL(IR), then above-mentioned two formula is divided by, quantum effect in required emitter can be obtained
Rate：
And general photoconductive measuring instrument is usually using minority carrier lifetime as analytical standard, i.e.,：
Δσ≈q(μn+μp)τeffNphfabs
If, would generally be different with the service life of ultraviolet and infrared radiation measurement using this standard analysis, then may be used
By the way that two standard tests in service life are obtained with emitter quantum collection efficiency in short wavelength and long wave strong point, then can obtain
It arrives：
The invention also discloses a kind of method for assessing double-sided solar battery and its emitter quantum efficiency, the methods
Specific work process it is as follows：
Each device parameters of step 1) control system make test environment meet STC standard test condition, and filter wheel 2 is set as straight
Port diameter, solar battery 4 to be measured are connected to standard testing circuit 6, and incident intensity is adjusted in optical attenuation piece 3, standard silicon
Detector 5 makes it equal to 1000W/m to light intensity monitoring2, the temperature control device in circuit is controlled at 25 DEG C；
Step 2) tests the short circuit current I of 4 front surface of solar battery to be measured using standard testing circuit 6sc-f, open circuit electricity
Press Voc-fWith I-V characteristic curve, the fill factor FF that mesuring battary front surface is calculated is being handled by PC machine 9f, pseudo- filling
Factor pFFfWith efficiency eta f；4 turn-over of solar battery to be measured only need to be measured electricity using standard testing circuit 6 by step 3)
The short circuit current I at the pond back sidesc-r, rear to calculate irradiation gain g：
G in formula (1)fIndicate the irradiation level of solar battery front side, GrIndicate the irradiation level of rear surface of solar cell.Similarly
Irradiation level factor x can be calculated by following formula：
Then short-circuit current gain R is calculatedIsc：
Then dark saturation current I is calculated0, can be reached by following formula：
Wherein q is charge, and K is Boltzmann constant, and T is absolute temperature, and n is the quality factor of equivalent diode, finally
The two-sided equivalent efficiency η of mesuring battary is calculated using following formulabi：
And the gain efficiency product P of solar battery to be measured can be obtained by following formulag, assessed double-sided solar battery
Final gain：
Pg=g × ηbi (6)
Solar battery 4 to be measured is connected to by the switching device in step 4) activation system with inductive coupling circuit 7, and xenon dodges
Light lamp 1 launches pulsed light, by filter wheel 2 shortwave long length filter filter after obtain short wavelength's monochromatic light, be irradiated to
It is tested on shoot the sun energy battery 4, inductive coupling circuit couples to obtain sample photo-signal by radio frequency inductive, by letter
Number acquisition equipment 8 be transferred to PC machine 9, based on quasi-steady state technology calculate after obtain the photoconductive Δ σ, incident intensity N of batteryphBy
5 real-time monitoring of standard silicon detector, it is possible thereby to calculate battery minority carrier lifetime tau under short wavelengtheff(UV)；Step 5) rotation
Filter wheel 2 adjusts to long wave long length filter and carries out second test to obtain long wavelength's monochromatic light, passes through tune during the test
Section optical attenuation piece 3 changes incident intensity, with obtain with identical photoconduction under step 4 intermediate waves long monochromatic light test condition,
Calculate the battery minority carrier lifetime tau under this light intensity and photoconductioneff(IR)；Step 6) can quickly be obtained to be measured by following formula
Emitter Internal Quantum collection efficiency η of the solar battery under short wavelengthe, wherein due to controlling test light conductance phase twice
Together, i.e. carrier concentration Δ n is equal to constant.
When treating the I-V characteristic curve of shoot the sun energy battery 4 in the step 2 of the method for the present invention and measuring, when electricity to be measured
There are transient errors for measurement result when pond is high efficiency battery, therefore introduce an error model, and electric current J is defined as steady-state current
JssWith the transient current caused by rechargeable solar battery or electric dischargeThe sum of：
Wherein Q is the quantity of electric charge of the per unit area of solar battery, using following formula simulate solar battery to be measured because
The transient current error that capacity effect generates：
(9) n in formulaiFor intrinsic carrier density, Vj is node voltage, and V is end voltage, RsFor series resistance, J is electric current
Density, NA,DFor substrate doping density, w is cell thickness；It is bent from the I-V for being shorted to open-circuit condition by test solar battery
Line (1 is designated as under parameter) and from open circuit to short-circuit condition I-V curve (being designated as 2 under parameter), then can be rebuild too with following formula
The steady state I-V of positive energy battery：
The precision calculated so as to improve subsequent parameter.
In a specific experiment using present system and method, commented by experimental verification present system and method
Estimate the feasibility of double-sided solar battery, therefore only needs to implement the step 1-3 of the method for the present invention.Sample to be tested is labeled as A
With two pieces of double-sided solar batteries of B, they are respectively placed in present system and is tested.By the method for the present invention
After step 1 and step 2, every electric parameter of the front surface of available two pieces of batteries of A, B under STC test condition is as follows
Shown in table 1
1 double-sided solar battery front surface electric parameter of table
| Isc-f(mA) | Voc-f(mV) | FFf(%) | PFF (%) | ηf(%) | |
| Battery A | 5720 | 626 | 72.00 | 84.47 | 16.83 |
| Battery B | 5714 | 617 | 74.00 | 83.26 | 17.31 |
The short circuit current of two pieces of cell backsides of A, B is measured by step 3 again, PC machine combines the parameter of upper table to utilize step 3
In formula calculate the two-sided equivalent efficiency η of two pieces of double-sided solar batteries of A, BbiWith gain efficiency product Pg.Experiment is fallen into a trap
Two-sided equivalent efficiency and gain efficiency product of the radiation gain from 1.0 to 1.6 are calculated.Irradiation gain corresponds only to front for 1.0
Illumination, and irradiating gain is 1.6 corresponding to front STC illumination and equal to the back lighting in front 60%.Experimental result such as Fig. 4 institute
Show, as can be seen from the figure the double-sided solar battery tested for two, two-sided equivalent efficiency and gain efficiency product
Variation is different.Although the positive efficiency of battery B is higher than battery A, (it is about in this experiment in specifically irradiation gain
1.25) on, battery A has higher two-sided equivalent efficiency and performance is better than battery B.Gain efficiency product provides related two
The information of the final use income of a battery.As can be seen from the experiment for double-sided solar battery, actual performance and cost
Advantage depends on the front and back performance of front and back lighting condition simultaneously and device.Therefore, individually front side and
Rear side efficiency cannot provide the enough information about double surface unit, and present system and method can be effectively and correctly to double
The performance of face solar battery is characterized.
In another specific experiment using present system and method, pass through experimental verification present system and method
The feasibility and research battery surface of assessing solar cell surface emitter quantum efficiency are passivated the influence to test result, because
This needs to implement the step 4-6 of the method for the present invention.Short wavelength and long wave long length filter select respectively on filter wheel 2 in system
410nm and 1000nm is to obtain monochromation illumination.The bandwidth that optical filter passes through is 10nm.Even if after filtration, can also be real
Existing high luminous intensity.Sample to be tested is four chips labeled as A, B, C and D, and has essentially identical emitter and surface
Passivating conditions.In order to avoid the needs that the reflectivity and transmissivity of test sample measures, we used very thin (about 20nm)
Oxide, ensure that reflectivity is actually identical as naked silicon.Their sheet resistance is 42-54 ohm-sq, this and industry
The resistance of solar battery is similar, although dopant profiles are very different, surface concentration is lower and node is deeper.Two of them
Then by depassivation to study ultraviolet response to the sensibility of surface passivation quality.And A, B and C, D are respectively provided with identical base
Bottom resistivity.Above-mentioned sample to be tested is tested by using present system and method, is tested after step 4-6
As a result as shown in table 2 below
The test result of 24 pieces of the table battery samples with different parameters
By can be seen that the quantum that can quickly and effectively evaluate solar battery emitter using this method is imitated in table
Rate, can also therefrom analyze removal surface passivation not only influences UV emitter collection efficiency, but also has an effect on whole in device
Bluk recombination, i.e., the service life measured at λ=1000nm.It thus can be simpler, more rapidly and contactless using the method for the present invention
Formula is tested to obtain the degree of the information similar with transmission spectra response test.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of system for assessing double-sided solar battery and its emitter quantum efficiency, it is characterised in that：Including xenon flash lamp
(1), the xenon flash lamp (1) is for providing light source, and filter wheel (2) is located at the front of the flash lamp, the filter wheel (2)
Front is provided with optical attenuation piece (3), and the optical attenuation piece (3) is used to adjust the luminous intensity of xenon flash lamp (1) sending, to shoot the sun
Energy battery (4) is located at the front of the optical attenuation piece (3), and the output end of the solar battery (4) to be measured is after conduction device
It is divided into two-way, the first via is connect through standard detection circuit (6) with an input terminal of signal collecting device (8), and the second tunnel is through electricity
Sense coupling circuit (7) is connect with another input terminal of signal collecting device (8), and the conduction device is controlled by PC machine (9), is used
Switch the standard detection circuit (6) under the control in PC machine (9) and inductive coupling circuit (7) is set with the signal acquisition
Standby connection, standard silicon detector (5) are used to determine incident photon flux；The standard detection circuit (6) for detect it is to be measured too
Short circuit current Isc, open-circuit voltage Voc and the I-V characteristic curve of positive energy battery；The inductive coupling circuit (7) is used to utilize electricity
Radio-frequency coil in road measures the photoconductivity Δ σ of solar battery to be measured by inductive coupling, and the PC machine (9) is used for institute
The data for stating standard detection circuit and inductive coupling circuit acquisition are calculated.
2. the system of assessment double-sided solar battery and its emitter quantum efficiency as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：
The burst length of xenon flash lamp (1) is adjustable at 1 millisecond~500 milliseconds.
3. the system of assessment double-sided solar battery and its emitter quantum efficiency as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：
The filter wheel (2) is equipped with a clear opening and installs there are two colored filter, and described two colored filters are right respectively
Answer the long wavelength near the short wavelength and an infrared light of a ultraviolet light attachment, band logical 10nm-20nm.
4. the system of assessment double-sided solar battery and its emitter quantum efficiency as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：
The adjustable range of the optical attenuation piece (3) is 0.01~10 sun light intensity, wherein under the atmospheric conditions of AM1.5G, one
Sun light intensity is 1000w/m2, can most change 150 times in 12ms pulse fastly.
5. a kind of method for assessing double-sided solar battery and its emitter quantum efficiency, it is characterised in that include the following steps：
Step 1：Each device parameters make test environment meet STC standard test condition, filter wheel (2) setting in setting measuring system
To lead directly to bore, solar battery (4) to be measured is connected to standard detection circuit (6), and optical attenuation piece (3) adjusts incident intensity
Section, standard silicon detector (5) make it equal to 1000W/m to light intensity monitoring2, the temperature control device in standard detection circuit controls temperature
It is 25 DEG C；
Step 2:The short circuit current I of solar battery (4) front surface to be measured is tested using standard detection circuit (6)sc-f, open circuit electricity
Press Voc-fWith I-V characteristic curve, the fill factor FF that mesuring battary front surface is calculated is being handled by PC machine (9)f, puppet fills out
Fill factor pFF and efficiency etaf；
Step 3：By solar battery to be measured (4) turn-over, the short circuit current of cell backside is measured using standard detection circuit (6)
Isc-r, rear to calculate irradiation gain g：
(1) G in formulafIndicate the irradiation level of solar battery front side, GrIndicate the irradiation level of rear surface of solar cell；Similarly irradiate
Degree factor x can be calculated by following formula：
Then short-circuit current gain R is calculatedIsc：
Then dark saturation current I is calculated0, can be reached by following formula：
Wherein q is charge, and K is Boltzmann constant, and T is absolute temperature, and n is the quality factor of equivalent diode, is finally utilized
Following formula calculates the two-sided equivalent efficiency η of mesuring battarybi：
And the gain efficiency product P of solar battery to be measured is obtained by following formulag, assessed the final of double-sided solar battery
Gain：
Pg=g × ηbi (6)
Step 4：Solar battery to be measured (4) is connected to by the conduction device in activation system with inductive coupling circuit (7), and xenon dodges
Light lamp (1) launches pulsed light, and short wavelength's monochromatic light, irradiation are obtained after the shortwave long length filter on filter wheel (2) filters
It is tested on to solar battery to be measured (4), inductive coupling circuit couples to obtain sample photo-signal by radio frequency inductive,
PC machine (9) are transferred to by signal collecting device (8), obtain the photoconductive Δ σ of battery after calculating based on quasi-steady state technology, it is incident
Luminous intensity NphBy standard silicon detector (5) real-time monitoring, battery minority carrier lifetime tau under short wavelength is thus calculatedeff(UV)；
Step 5：Rotation filter wheel (2) adjusts to long wave long length filter and carries out second test to obtain long wavelength's monochromatic light,
Change incident intensity by adjusting optical attenuation piece (3) in test process, to obtain and the long monochromatic light test-strips of step 4 intermediate waves
Identical photoconduction under part calculates the battery minority carrier lifetime tau under this light intensity and photoconductioneff(IR)；
Step 6：Emitter Internal Quantum of the solar battery to be measured under short wavelength, which can be quickly obtained, by following formula collects effect
Rate ηe, wherein identical due to controlling test light conductance twice, i.e. carrier concentration Δ n is equal to constant：
6. the method for assessment double-sided solar battery and its emitter quantum efficiency as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that
When treating the I-V characteristic curve of shoot the sun energy battery (4) in the step 2 of this method and measuring, when mesuring battary is high efficiency
There are transient errors for measurement result when battery, therefore introduce an error model, and electric current J is defined as steady-state current JssWith by the sun
Transient current caused by energy battery charge or dischargeThe sum of：
Wherein Q is the quantity of electric charge of the per unit area of solar battery, simulates solar battery to be measured because of capacitor using following formula
The transient current error that effect generates：
N in formula (9)iFor intrinsic carrier density, Vj is node voltage, and V is end voltage, RsFor series resistance, J is current density,
NA,DFor substrate doping density, w is cell thickness；By test solar battery from the I-V curve for being shorted to open-circuit condition, and
From open circuit to the I-V curve of short-circuit condition, the steady state I-V of solar battery then can be rebuild with following formula：
The precision calculated so as to improve subsequent parameter.
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