CN108922795A - A kind of preparation method of the excellent graphene-based composite conductive thin film of electric conductivity - Google Patents

A kind of preparation method of the excellent graphene-based composite conductive thin film of electric conductivity Download PDF

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CN108922795A
CN108922795A CN201810781588.7A CN201810781588A CN108922795A CN 108922795 A CN108922795 A CN 108922795A CN 201810781588 A CN201810781588 A CN 201810781588A CN 108922795 A CN108922795 A CN 108922795A
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graphene
grain
silver nano
cellulose
silver
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CN108922795B (en
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肖巍
周文杰
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Shenzhen Boshuo Science and Technology Co.,Ltd.
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Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01GCAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
    • H01G11/00Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
    • H01G11/84Processes for the manufacture of hybrid or EDL capacitors, or components thereof
    • H01G11/86Processes for the manufacture of hybrid or EDL capacitors, or components thereof specially adapted for electrodes
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01GCAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
    • H01G11/00Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
    • H01G11/22Electrodes
    • H01G11/30Electrodes characterised by their material
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01GCAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
    • H01G11/00Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
    • H01G11/22Electrodes
    • H01G11/30Electrodes characterised by their material
    • H01G11/32Carbon-based
    • H01G11/36Nanostructures, e.g. nanofibres, nanotubes or fullerenes
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01GCAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
    • H01G11/00Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
    • H01G11/22Electrodes
    • H01G11/30Electrodes characterised by their material
    • H01G11/32Carbon-based
    • H01G11/40Fibres
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01GCAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
    • H01G11/00Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
    • H01G11/52Separators
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01GCAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
    • H01G11/00Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
    • H01G11/54Electrolytes
    • H01G11/56Solid electrolytes, e.g. gels; Additives therein
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01GCAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
    • H01G11/00Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
    • H01G11/84Processes for the manufacture of hybrid or EDL capacitors, or components thereof
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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    • Y02E60/13Energy storage using capacitors

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Abstract

A kind of preparation method of the excellent graphene-based composite conductive thin film of electric conductivity contains cellulose fibre, graphene oxide and silver ammonia complex (Ag (NH by the high speed rotation preparation of cooking machine rotor first using filter paper as fibrous raw material3)2OH mixed slurry), heats thereafter, and silver ammonia complex is reduced into silver nano-grain using the reproducibility of graphene oxide itself, at the same induced oxidation graphene, silver nano-grain, cellulose fibre three it is compound.Product forms cellulose/graphene oxide/silver nano-grain laminated film after Suction filtration device filters and is dehydrated and sufficiently washes, and then graphene oxide therein is reduced into graphene using hydrazine steam as reducing agent, obtains the cellulose/graphene/silver nano-grain fexible film with excellent electric conductivity and excellent electrochemical property.

Description

A kind of preparation method of the excellent graphene-based composite conductive thin film of electric conductivity
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation methods of Flexible graphene conductive composite film.
Background technique
Electronic product such as wearable device, rollable display, foldable intelligent hand of the market to flexible portable of new generation Machine, implantable medical chip, electronic skin etc. have urgent demand and expectation, and current energy supply and energy storage electronic equipment seem It is heavy, blocked up, excessive to cross, and has been difficult to meet the requirement of this emerging field, is event, develops light and portable high-performance flexible storage Energy system is imperative.In existing various energy storage systems, all-solid-state flexible supercapacitor because its fast charge/discharge speed, High power density, wide operating temperature, good stability, the service life of length and outstanding safety and be concerned, Especially graphene-based all-solid-state flexible supercapacitor develops rapidly in recent years, before having good development space and application Scape.Regrettably, the energy storage characteristic of currently developed most all-solid-state flexible supercapacitors is still difficult to make us full Meaning, for example specific capacitance is still smaller, energy density is not still high, high rate performance is also relatively poor.For this purpose, how by simply passing through The method magnanimity preparation of Ji has the self-supporting fexible film of satisfactory electrical conductivity, and then constructs and provide excellent electrochemical behavior All-solid-state flexible supercapacitor becomes where the difficulties and emphasis in current supercapacitor field.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of that present invention to provide a kind of systems of the self-supporting soft graphite alkenyl conductive composite film of excellent electric conductivity Preparation Method.
What the object of the invention was achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of preparation method of graphene-based conductive composite film, first using filter paper as fibrous raw material, by cooking machine The high speed rotation preparation of rotor contains cellulose fibre, graphene oxide and silver ammonia complex (Ag (NH3)2OH mixed slurry), Thereafter heat, silver ammonia complex is reduced into silver nano-grain using the reproducibility of graphene oxide itself, is induced simultaneously Graphene oxide, silver nano-grain, cellulose fibre three it is compound.Product is after Suction filtration device filters and is dehydrated and sufficiently washes Cellulose/graphene oxide/silver nano-grain laminated film is formed, and then using hydrazine steam as reducing agent by oxygen therein Graphite alkene is reduced into graphene, can obtain cellulose/graphene/silver with excellent electric conductivity and excellent electrochemical property Nano particle fexible film.Specifically include following steps:
(1) filter paper is cut into after fragment and is added in cooking machine together with graphene oxide aqueous dispersions, turned using cooking machine The high speed rotation of son smashes filter paper, and cellulose fibre+graphene oxide slurry is made;The graphene:Cellulose fibre Mass ratio 5:95-70:30;
(2) mixed slurry of step (1) is transferred in beaker, excessive concentration is added under quick magnetic agitation is The silver ammino solution of 0.1-0.5M then heats to 70-90oC and reacts 20-40min.In the process, silver ammonia complex is by oxygen Graphite alkene is reduced into silver nano-grain, while it is compound to induce each component, and then generates cellulose/graphene oxide/silver nanoparticle Particle composites.
(3) product of step (2) is filtered into funnel dehydration, forms cellulose/oxidation in Suction filtration device filter membrane surface Graphene/silver nano-grain laminated film;Add water repeatedly after washes clean, by it under moisture state from filter membrane surface gently Entirety is torn, and is transferred in reaction kettle, hanging to place;Then hydrazine hydrate is added in inner liner of reaction kettle bottom, postposition is sealed 8-24h is kept in 80-110 DEG C of baking oven, graphene oxide therein is thoroughly reduced into graphene using hydrazine steam and is made Cellulose/graphene/silver nano-grain laminated film;Hydrazine hydrate and cellulose/graphene oxide/silver nano-grain laminated film Mass ratio be 1:1.5-2.5;
Cellulose fibre/graphene/silver nano-grain laminated film the surface layer structure obtained is silver nano-grain It is stacked with the continuous silver nano-grain film to be formed, inside is cellulose-graphene-silver nano-grain ingredient and cellulose Fiber is skeleton, internal silver nano-grain is wrapped around by graphene.
Preferably, silver nano-grain account for cellulose/graphene/silver nano-grain laminated film quality 10%-60%, into One step preferably accounts for 50%.
Still more preferably, in above-mentioned steps (2), when the reaction temperature after silver ammino solution is added is preferably 85 DEG C, reaction Between preferably 30min;In above-mentioned steps (3), the reaction temperature that hydrazine hydrate is added is preferably 90 DEG C, the reaction time is preferably 12h.
A kind of preparation method of flexible capacitor, as follows:
(1) filter paper is cut into after fragment and is added in cooking machine together with graphene oxide aqueous dispersions, turned using cooking machine The high speed rotation of son smashes filter paper, and cellulose fibre+graphene oxide slurry is made.
(2) mixed slurry of step (1) is transferred in beaker, excessive concentration is added under quick magnetic agitation is The silver ammino solution of 0.1-0.5M then heats to 70-90 DEG C and reacts 20-40min.In the process, silver ammonia complex is by oxygen Graphite alkene is reduced into silver nano-grain, while it is compound to induce each component, and then generates cellulose/graphene oxide/silver nanoparticle Particle composites.
(3) product of step (2) is filtered into funnel dehydration, forms cellulose/oxidation in Suction filtration device filter membrane surface Graphene/silver nano-grain laminated film;Add water repeatedly after washes clean, by it under moisture state from filter membrane surface gently Entirety is torn, and is transferred in reaction kettle, hanging to place;Then hydrazine hydrate is added in inner liner of reaction kettle bottom, postposition is sealed 8-24h is kept in 80-110 DEG C of baking oven, graphene oxide therein is thoroughly reduced into graphene using hydrazine steam.
(4) polyvinyl alcohol is added in water, heating stirring is allowed to dissolve, and the water of potassium chloride is then slowly added dropwise under stiring Solution, cooled to room temperature, obtains polyvinyl alcohol/potassium chloride gel electrolyte of clear later.
(5) cellulose/graphene/silver nano-grain laminated film in step (3) is cut into rectangular slat, is placed in load On slide, the polyvinyl alcohol in step (4)/potassium chloride gel electrolyte is then poured into its surface, leaving a blank region is used It is connected in electrode holder, then allows in gel electrolyte excessive moisture slowly to volatilize and final gelatine at room temperature, formed Gel mould.
(6) cellulose/graphene/silver nanometer particle film that gel mould is covered in identical two panels step (5) is direct It is stacked together as flexible electrode, overlapping area is to be covered with the region of gel mould, forms the symmetrical of a high-energy density All-solid-state flexible supercapacitor【Cellulose/graphene/silver nano-grain // cellulose/graphene/silver nano-grain】.
Preferably, in above-mentioned steps (1), graphene oxide:The mass ratio 5 of filter paper:95-70:30.
Preferably, silver nano-grain account for cellulose/graphene/silver nano-grain laminated film quality 10%-60%, into One step preferably accounts for 50%.
It is further preferred that in above-mentioned steps (3), hydrazine hydrate and cellulose/graphene oxide/silver nano-grain THIN COMPOSITE The mass ratio of film is 1:1.5-2.5.
Still more preferably, in above-mentioned steps (2), when the reaction temperature after silver ammino solution is added is preferably 85 DEG C, reaction Between preferably 30min;In above-mentioned steps (3), the reaction temperature that hydrazine hydrate is added is preferably 90 DEG C, the reaction time is preferably 12h.
Further, the filter membrane in above-mentioned steps (3) in Suction filtration device is hydrophilic teflon membrane filter, a diameter of 11cm.Polyvinyl alcohol used is 1799 types in above-mentioned steps (4), i.e., the degree of polymerization is 1700, alcoholysis degree 99%.
Specifically, a kind of preparation method of flexible super capacitor, which is characterized in that it is as follows:
(1) filter paper is cut into after fragment and is added in cooking machine together with graphene oxide aqueous dispersions, turned using cooking machine The high speed rotation of son smashes filter paper, and cellulose fibre+graphene oxide slurry is made;The graphene oxide:The matter of filter paper Measure ratio 5:95-70:30;
(2) mixed slurry of step (1) is transferred in beaker, 60mL concentration is added under quick magnetic agitation is The brand-new silver ammino solution of 0.15M then heats to 85 DEG C and reacts 30min;
(3) by the product of step (2) in funnel rapid filtration under suction be dehydrated, in Suction filtration device filter membrane surface formed cellulose/ Graphene oxide/silver nano-grain laminated film.Add water repeatedly after washes clean, it is delayed under moisture state from filter membrane surface Slow ground is whole to tear, and is transferred in the reaction kettle of 1000mL, hanging to place.Then 4mL water is added in inner liner of reaction kettle bottom Hydrazine is closed, is sealed in the baking oven for be placed on 90 DEG C and keeps 12h, graphene oxide therein is thoroughly reduced into stone using hydrazine steam Black alkene can synthesize cellulose/graphene with excellent electric conductivity/silver nano-grain self-supporting flexible composite film;
(4) 5g polyvinyl alcohol is added in 50mL water, is warming up to 90 DEG C, while stirring is allowed to dissolve.Then under stiring 2mL 1g mL is slowly added dropwise-1Potassium chloride aqueous solution, cooled to room temperature later, obtain the polyvinyl alcohol of clear/ Potassium chloride gel electrolyte;
(5) cellulose/graphene/silver nano-grain laminated film in step (3) is cut into rectangular slat, is placed in load On slide, the polyvinyl alcohol in a small amount of step (4)/potassium chloride gel electrolyte is then poured into its surface, leaves a little sky White region then allows excessive moisture in gel electrolyte slowly to volatilize and be finally gelled at room temperature for being connected with electrode holder Change, forms gel mould;
(6) cellulose/graphene/silver nanometer particle film that gel mould is covered in identical two panels step (5) is direct It being stacked together as flexible electrode, overlapping area is to be covered with the region of gel mould, the device finally is wound with preservative film, Form the symmetrical all-solid-state flexible supercapacitor an of high-energy density【Cellulose/graphene/silver nano-grain // fiber Element/graphene/silver nano-grain】.
All-solid-state flexible supercapacitor in order to prevent when the effect of preservative film in step (6) of the present invention【Cellulose/graphite Alkene/silver nano-grain // cellulose/graphene/silver nano-grain】The too fast volatilization of middle polyvinyl alcohol/potassium chloride gel mould moisture And influence its chemical property.
The capacitor element carries out group as its positive and negative anodes using cellulose/graphene/silver nano-grain flexible composite film Dress, using polyvinyl alcohol/potassium chloride gel mould as electrolyte and the effect of have both diaphragm, there is enough flexibilities, category The energy storage mechnism of electric double layer capacitance characteristic, bending state do not influence its electrochemical behavior substantially, have high energy density And high rate performance, it can be used using series and parallel and can be used to that miniaturized electronics be driven to work as power supply.
Self-supporting composite conductive thin film surface layer structure of the present invention is that silver nano-grain mutually tightly stacks the continuous of formation Silver nano-grain film, inner layer is cellulose-graphene-silver nano-grain ingredient and cellulose fibre acts as skeleton, inside Silver nano-grain by graphene wind and coat.Uniform component distribution, without clustering phenomena, good dispersion, film is opened without any Split phenomenon;Silver nano-grain continuity is good, electric conductivity is excellent.
The invention has the advantages that:
1, the cellulose/graphene/silver nano-grain laminated film sheet resistance developed in the present invention is only 0.17 Ω sq-1, far below sheet resistance (the 1.46 Ω sq for the commercialization carbon cloth for being commonly used for flexible electrode collector-1) and other reports of disclosing Being directly used as the sheet resistance of the graphene-based of flexible electrode, carbon nanotube base and conducting polymer based coextruded film, (these are compound The sheet resistance of film is typically larger than 5 Ω sq-1), therefore conductive sexual clorminance is fairly obvious, being more suitable directly makes as flexible electrode With.
2, previous in report, the electrochemical properties that most flexible electrodes measure under three-electrode system are difficult to enable People is satisfied.For example its maximum area specific capacitance is often less than 1000mF cm-2, area ratio capacitance fade at higher current densities Comparatively fast, high rate performance is poor, and 10% capacitance loss is also often had more than in the case where repeated charge is less than 5000 times.Phase Than under, cellulose/graphene/silver nano-grain laminated film its maximum area specific capacitance developed in the present invention is up to 1242.7mF cm-2, possess good high rate performance, and in 60mA cm-2High current density under after repeated charge 6000 times Almost without capacitance loss (capacity retention is still up to 99.7%), the stability of fabulous cycle charge-discharge is illustrated, because And there is outstanding electrochemical performance.
3, symmetrical all-solid-state flexible supercapacitor constructed in the present invention【Cellulose/graphene/silver nano-grain // Cellulose/graphene/silver nano-grain】Maximum area specific capacitance be 683.8mF cm-2, maximum energy-density is 95 μ Wh cm-2, and its electrochemical behavior is had substantially no effect in the bent state, and the reported all-solid-state flexible super capacitor of the overwhelming majority The maximum area specific capacitance of device is no more than 500mF cm-2, maximum energy-density is lower than 60 μ Wh cm-2, which reflects in the present invention All-solid-state flexible supercapacitor【Cellulose/graphene/silver nano-grain // cellulose/graphene/silver nano-grain】Tool There is apparent energy storage advantage.
4, symmetrical all-solid-state flexible supercapacitor constructed in the present invention【Cellulose/graphene/silver nano-grain // Cellulose/graphene/silver nano-grain】Can be together in series or parallel use, for example several devices connected are fully charged After can drive miniaturized electronics such as LED lamp bead, hand-held calculator, electronic watch etc. work normally.
5, cellulose/graphene/silver nano-grain laminated film synthetic method and corresponding symmetrical complete in the present invention The assembling process of solid flexible supercapacitor is relatively simple to be easy, therefore, for its large scale preparation, development and application ten Divide advantageous.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is that electronics of the cellulose/graphene/silver nano-grain laminated film under nature and bending state shines Piece.
Fig. 2 is cellulose/graphene/silver nano-grain laminated film X-ray diffractogram.
Fig. 3 is cellulose/graphene under different multiplying/silver nano-grain laminated film outer surface stereoscan photograph.
Fig. 4 is the stereoscan photograph under different multiplying inside cellulose/graphene/silver nano-grain laminated film.
Fig. 5 is the circulation volt that cellulose/graphene/silver nano-grain laminated film sweeps under speed in difference under three-electrode system Antu.
Fig. 6 is cellulose/graphene under three-electrode system/perseverance of the silver nano-grain laminated film under different current densities Current charge-discharge electrograph.
Fig. 7 is change of cellulose/graphene/silver nano-grain laminated film capacity retention with repeated charge number Change relational graph.
Fig. 8 is symmetrical all-solid-state flexible supercapacitor【Cellulose/graphene/silver nano-grain // cellulose/graphite Alkene/silver nano-grain】Electronic photo under nature and bending state.
Fig. 9 is symmetrical all-solid-state flexible supercapacitor【Cellulose/graphene/silver nano-grain // cellulose/graphite Alkene/silver nano-grain】The cyclic voltammogram under speed is swept in difference.
Figure 10 is symmetrical all-solid-state flexible supercapacitor【Cellulose/graphene/silver nano-grain // cellulose/graphite Alkene/silver nano-grain】Constant current charge-discharge figure under different current densities.
Figure 11 is symmetrical all-solid-state flexible supercapacitor【Cellulose/graphene/silver nano-grain // cellulose/graphite Alkene/silver nano-grain】In 50mV s-1Constant sweep is bent cyclic voltammogram measured by different angle under speed.
Figure 12 is symmetrical all-solid-state flexible supercapacitor【Cellulose/graphene/silver nano-grain // cellulose/graphite Alkene/silver nano-grain】In 20mA cm-2Constant current charge-discharge figure measured by different angle is bent under constant current density.
Figure 13 is symmetrical all-solid-state flexible supercapacitor【Cellulose/graphene/silver nano-grain // cellulose/graphite Alkene/silver nano-grain】Energy density and saturation effect figure.
Figure 14 is three symmetrical all-solid-state flexible supercapacitors【Cellulose/graphene/silver nano-grain // cellulose/ Graphene/silver nano-grain】The electronics being together in series as power supply to lightening LED lamp pearl and driving hand-held calculator work Photo.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is further described in detail by way of example and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Embodiment 1
Method provided by the invention is used to prepare cellulose/graphene/silver nano-grain laminated film:
(1) 180mg filter paper is cut into after fragment and 300mL 0.6mg mL-1Graphene oxide aqueous dispersions add to material together In reason machine, starts cooking machine, make its rotor strength Stirring 4min under about 30000 revs/min of revolving speed, and then filter paper is beaten It is broken, cellulose fibre+graphene oxide slurry is made.
(2) mixed slurry of step (1) is transferred in beaker, 60mL concentration is added under quick magnetic agitation is The brand-new silver ammino solution of 0.15M then heats to 85 DEG C and reacts 30min.In the process, silver ammonia complex is oxidized graphite Alkene is reduced into silver nano-grain, while it is compound to induce each component, and then it is multiple to generate cellulose/graphene oxide/silver nano-grain Close object.
(3) by the product of step (2) in funnel rapid filtration under suction be dehydrated, in Suction filtration device filter membrane surface formed cellulose/ Graphene oxide/silver nano-grain laminated film.Add water repeatedly after washes clean, it is delayed under moisture state from filter membrane surface Slow ground is whole to tear, and is transferred in the reaction kettle of 1000mL, hanging to place.Then 4mL water is added in inner liner of reaction kettle bottom Hydrazine is closed, is sealed in the baking oven for be placed on 90 DEG C and keeps 12h, graphene oxide therein is thoroughly reduced into stone using hydrazine steam Black alkene can synthesize cellulose/graphene/silver nano-grain flexible composite film of self-supporting.
(4) cellulose/graphene/silver nano-grain laminated film in step (3) is cut into 0.5cm × 3cm rectangle Strip and directly as working electrode, Ag/AgCl electrode is as auxiliary electrode and with concentration as reference electrode, Pt plate electrode The potassium chloride solution of 2M is taken three-electrode system to carry out electrochemical properties to it and is tested as electrolyte.
The cellulose of self-supporting prepared by the present embodiment/graphene/silver nano-grain flexible composite film as shown in Figure 1, For complete uniform film, can arbitrarily be bent, flexibility is splendid.Its X-ray diffraction spectrogram (Fig. 2) has one at 2 θ=23.2 ° Wide weak diffraction maximum, has corresponded to (002) crystal face of graphene, and other strong diffraction maximums be then located at 2 θ=38.1 °, 44.2 °, At 64.4 °, 77.4 ° and 81.4 °, (111), (200), (220), (311) and (222) of Face-centred Cubic Metals silver have been respectively corresponded Crystal face.Its electric conductivity is quite outstanding, and sheet resistance is only 0.17 Ω sq-1, far below the commercialization carbon for being commonly used for flexible electrode collector Sheet resistance (the 1.46 Ω sq of cloth-1) and it is other disclose report be directly used as the graphene-based of flexible electrode, carbon nanotube base with And (sheet resistance of these laminated films is typically larger than 5 Ω sq to the sheet resistance of conducting polymer based coextruded film-1).Its surface is silver nanoparticle Particulate component, and be mutually tightly to be stacked to form continuous silver nano-grain film (Fig. 3) by many silver nano-grains, this is It generates the reason of outstanding electric conductivity, and inside then includes cellulose fibre, graphene and silver nano-grain ingredient, and fine Cellulose fiber acts as skeleton, with flexibility and keeps certain mechanical strength, internal silver nano-grain is by graphene Winding and cladding, thus just avoid the aggregation of graphene well, are conducive to the migration of electrolyte ion inside it And infiltration, and then promote its electrochemical properties (Fig. 4).Fig. 5 is its different cyclic voltammogram swept under speed in three-electrode system, It can be seen that all curves show approximate rectangular and symmetrical shape, illustrate for the electrode of electric double layer capacitance characteristic.
Fig. 6 be its in three-electrode system different current densities under constant current charge-discharge figure, can therefrom extrapolate In 2,5,10,20,40,60,80mA cm-2Under current density, area specific capacitance is respectively 1242.7,1135.5,1037.2, 918.1、800.3、705.5、622.9mF cm-2.That is its specific capacitance is kept at very high current density (80mA cm-2) Rate has still been more than 50%, has reflected good high rate performance.In addition, in minimum electrical current density 2mA cm-2Under, largest face Product specific capacitance (1242.7mF cm-2) it has been significantly higher than the maximum area specific capacitance of most flexible electrodes reported at present (often less than 1000mF cm-2)。
Fig. 7 is its 60mA cm in three-electrode system-2Current density under capacity retention with repeated charge number become The relational graph of change, therefrom it can be seen that its capacitor is almost unchanged during the whole test, and in repeated charge 6000 Capacity retention after secondary is still up to 99.7%, is equally apparently higher than most of flexible electrode reported at present and is filling repeatedly Capacity retention (often less than 90%) after electric discharge (being often lower than 5000 times), has shown outstanding repeated charge stability. These results illustrate that cellulose/graphene/silver nano-grain laminated film prepared by the present embodiment has excellent electrochemistry Property and wide application prospect.
Embodiment 2
Method provided by the invention is used to construct symmetrical all-solid-state flexible supercapacitor【Cellulose/graphene/Yin Na Rice grain // cellulose/graphene/silver nano-grain】:
(1) 5g polyvinyl alcohol is added in 50mL water, is warming up to 90 DEG C, while stirring is allowed to dissolve.Then under stiring 2mL 1g mL is slowly added dropwise-1Potassium chloride aqueous solution, cooled to room temperature later, obtain the polyvinyl alcohol of clear/ Potassium chloride gel electrolyte.
(2) cellulose/graphene/silver nano-grain laminated film synthesized by embodiment 1 is cut into 0.5cm × 3cm Rectangular slat is placed on glass slide, and the polyvinyl alcohol in a small amount of step (1)/potassium chloride gel electrolyte is then poured into it Surface, area coverage are 0.5cm × 2cm, namely the white space for leaving 0.5cm × 1cm then exists for being connected with electrode holder It allows in gel electrolyte excessive moisture slowly to volatilize and final gelatine at room temperature, forms gel mould.
(3) cellulose/graphene/silver nanometer particle film that gel mould is covered in identical two panels step (2) is direct It is stacked together as flexible electrode, overlapping area is the region 0.5cm × 2cm for being covered with gel mould, is finally twined with preservative film The device is wound, a symmetrical all-solid-state flexible supercapacitor is formed【Cellulose/graphene/silver nano-grain // cellulose/ Graphene/silver nano-grain】.
(4) the symmetrical all-solid-state flexible supercapacitor assembled in direct testing procedure (3) under two electrode systems 【Cellulose/graphene/silver nano-grain // cellulose/graphene/silver nano-grain】Electrochemical behavior.
(5) by the symmetrical all-solid-state flexible supercapacitor in three steps (3)【Cellulose/graphene/silver nanoparticle Grain // cellulose/graphene/silver nano-grain】As power supply for lightening LED lamp pearl and drive after being cascaded and being fully charged Dynamic hand-held calculator work.
Symmetrical all-solid-state flexible supercapacitor prepared by the present embodiment【Cellulose/graphene/silver nano-grain // fibre Tie up element/graphene/silver nano-grain】As shown in figure 8, equally can arbitrarily be bent, flexibility is good.Fig. 9 is it in two electrode bodies The different cyclic voltammograms swept under speed in system, it can be seen that all curves also show approximate rectangular and symmetrical shape Shape illustrates for the supercapacitor of electric double layer capacitance characteristic energy storage mechnism.
Figure 10 be its in two electrode systems different current densities under constant current charge-discharge figure, can therefrom extrapolate In 5,10,20,30,40mA cm-2Under current density, area specific capacitance is respectively 683.8,609.2,504.1,415.5, 347.9mF cm-2.That is its specific capacitance conservation rate has also exceeded 50% at higher current density (40mA cm-2), instead Satisfactory high rate performance is mirrored.Minimum electrical current density 5mA cm shown in the figure-2Under, maximum area specific capacitance (683.8mF cm-2) maximum area specific capacitance equally obviously beyond most flexible super capacitors reported at present (often less than 500mF cm-2)。
In addition, its electrochemical performance is had little influence under bending state, because measured by under different bending angle A plurality of cyclic voltammetry curve (Figure 11) and a plurality of constant current charge-discharge curve (Figure 12) can almost be overlapped, confirmed it again Good flexibility and stable electrochemical behavior.Figure 13 is the relational graph of its energy density and power density, is computed, most Big energy density is 95 μ Wh cm-2, equally most much higher than most all-solid-state flexible supercapacitors reported at present Big energy density (often less than 60 μ Wh cm-2).It is noted that the symmetrical all-solid-state flexible that three the present embodiment are assembled Supercapacitor【Cellulose/graphene/silver nano-grain // cellulose/graphene/silver nano-grain】It is cascaded and is full of It can be used as power supply use after electricity, and can lightening LED lamp pearl and driving hand-held calculator work (Figure 14) well.These are true Sufficiently show symmetrical all-solid-state flexible supercapacitor prepared by the present embodiment【Cellulose/graphene/silver nano-grain // fibre Tie up element/graphene/silver nano-grain】It is latent to possess outstanding chemical property, apparent energy storage advantage and preferable practical application It can be with value.
Embodiment 3-5:It is other same as Example 1 by the step of following table 1 and parameter carries out.
By laminated film made from above embodiments 3-5 and flexible capacitor, still there is the technology effect that the present invention is above-mentioned Fruit.

Claims (4)

1. a kind of preparation method of graphene-based conductive composite film, which is characterized in that according to the following steps:
(1) filter paper is cut into after fragment and is added in cooking machine together with graphene oxide aqueous dispersions, utilize cooking machine rotor High speed rotation filter paper is smashed, cellulose fibre+graphene oxide slurry is made;The graphene:The matter of cellulose fibre Measure ratio 5:95-70:30;
(2) mixed slurry of step (1) is transferred in beaker, it is 0.1- that excessive concentration is added under quick magnetic agitation The silver ammino solution of 0.5M, then heats to 70-90oC simultaneously reacts 20-40 min;
(3) product of step (2) is filtered into funnel dehydration, forms cellulose/graphite oxide in Suction filtration device filter membrane surface Alkene/silver nano-grain laminated film;Add water repeatedly after washes clean, it is gently whole from filter membrane surface under moisture state It tears, and is transferred in reaction kettle, it is hanging to place;Then hydrazine hydrate is added in inner liner of reaction kettle bottom, is sealed and is placed on 80- 110o8-24 h is kept in the baking oven of C, graphene oxide therein is thoroughly reduced into graphene using hydrazine steam, fiber is made Element/graphene/silver nano-grain laminated film;The hydrazine hydrate and cellulose/graphene oxide/silver nano-grain laminated film Mass ratio be 1:1.5-2.5;
Cellulose fibre/graphene/silver nano-grain laminated film the surface layer structure obtained is that silver nano-grain is mutual The continuous silver nano-grain film formed is stacked, inside is cellulose-graphene-silver nano-grain ingredient and cellulose fibre It is wrapped around for skeleton, internal silver nano-grain by graphene.
2. the preparation method of graphene-based conductive composite film as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that:The step(2)In The additional amount of silver ammino solution accounts for cellulose/graphene/silver nano-grain laminated film quality with final silver nano-grain obtained 10%-60%.
3. the preparation method of graphene-based conductive composite film as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that:The step(2)In The additional amount of silver ammino solution accounts for cellulose/graphene/silver nano-grain laminated film quality with final silver nano-grain obtained 50%.
4. the preparation method of graphene-based conductive composite film as described in claim 1,2 or 3, it is characterised in that:The step (2)In, the reaction temperature after silver ammino solution is added is 85oC, the reaction time is about 30 min;The step(3)In, it is added The reaction temperature of hydrazine hydrate is preferably 90oC, the reaction time is preferably 12h.
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