CN108920982A - A kind of anti-tamper shielded layer for safety chip - Google Patents
A kind of anti-tamper shielded layer for safety chip Download PDFInfo
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- CN108920982A CN108920982A CN201810642276.8A CN201810642276A CN108920982A CN 108920982 A CN108920982 A CN 108920982A CN 201810642276 A CN201810642276 A CN 201810642276A CN 108920982 A CN108920982 A CN 108920982A
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- tamper
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F21/00—Security arrangements for protecting computers, components thereof, programs or data against unauthorised activity
- G06F21/70—Protecting specific internal or peripheral components, in which the protection of a component leads to protection of the entire computer
- G06F21/71—Protecting specific internal or peripheral components, in which the protection of a component leads to protection of the entire computer to assure secure computing or processing of information
- G06F21/76—Protecting specific internal or peripheral components, in which the protection of a component leads to protection of the entire computer to assure secure computing or processing of information in application-specific integrated circuits [ASIC] or field-programmable devices, e.g. field-programmable gate arrays [FPGA] or programmable logic devices [PLD]
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of anti-tamper shielded layers for safety chip, it include anti-tamper line and functional line in the anti-tamper shielded layer, anti-tamper line is mutually mixed with functional line, the anti-tamper shielded layer includes at least two groups physics cabling, the anti-tamper line and the first functional line share wherein at least one group of physics cabling by way of time-sharing multiplex, remaining physics cabling is the combination of anti-tamper line perhaps the second functional line or anti-tamper line and the second functional line.The present invention makes anti-tamper design not only comprising simple anti-tamper function, while also having other logic functions by being mutually mixed the signal wire of key modules in safety chip as functional line and anti-tamper line.This method makes attacker be difficult to that anti-tamper shielded layer is individually removed, and prevents chip interior sensitive data from improving the security performance of chip because anti-tamper shielded layer is removed and anti-tamper function is by the leakage of key message caused by except energy.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to chip secure technology, in particular to one kind can prevent attacker from detecting by the means such as FIB malice,
Modify the circuit structure inside safety chip.
Background technique
Safety chip has been commonly stored the confidential information of client, such as bank card password, finger print information, DTV payment
Information etc., therefore it is very important for the safety of this kind of chip.
In order to ensure the safety of this kind of chip, usually logically safety chip uses the Encryption Algorithm such as DES, AES, RSA
It is encrypted and decrypted, as shown in Figure 4；And on physical Design level, generally use complicated metal routing covering chip list
The mode of layer, constitutes anti-tamper shielded layer, detects the metal in this anti-tamper shielded layer by way of simulation or number
Cabling, and final output one or multi-bit state position are to determine whether chip is tampered.
If attacker thinks the crucial signal of detection, it is necessary to bypass or cut off these anti-tamper shieldings for being located at chip top-layer
Layer cabling, and these Wiring structures are usually relatively complex, and the spacing between metal routing is all very small.This anti-tamper screen
It covers layer structure and is causing some difficulties to attacker to a certain degree, be that comparison is effective within the quite a long time in past
A kind of guard method.
However as chip detection and the rapid development of reverse logic extractive technique, even extremely complex metal object
Manage cabling, eda tool can be accurate, quickly, batch processing and sort out its logical relation, by these means, it is above-mentioned excessively
The protected mode for relying on the complexity of anti-tamper shielded layer cabling can skip complicated physics Wiring structure, directly analyze it
Logical relation, finding these crucial flag bits is no longer a very difficult thing.Once attacker analyzes anti-tamper patrol
Volume or its final key point position, individually anti-tamper shielded layer cabling all can be removed, then force its flag bit
Except energy, anti-tamper circuit will not play any protective effect.
Also have in the prior art and protected using anti-tamper logic, this increases attacker's parsing to a certain extent
Difficulty, but after anti-tamper logic is by successful analysis, anti-tamper shielded layer can still be carried out forcing removal and will prevented
Function is distorted except energy, safety chip is caused to lose protection.
Therefore, how to provide a kind of anti-tamper shielded layer of stronger attack protection of security performance is industry skill urgently to be resolved
Art problem.
Summary of the invention
The present invention proposes a kind of anti-tamper shielded layer for safety chip to solve above-mentioned problem of the prior art,
It include anti-tamper line and functional line in the anti-tamper shielded layer, anti-tamper line is mutually mixed with functional line.The present invention pass through by
Anti-tamper line and functional line（Non-tamper-resistant function）Mixing, increases the difficulty that attacker releases anti-tamper function, solves mesh
The problem of preceding tamper-resistance techniques security performance declines.
In the first embodiment of the technical program, the anti-tamper line and functional line are shared by way of time-sharing multiplex
The Wiring structure of anti-tamper shielded layer.At a time, shared Wiring structure may be either anti-tamper logic, can also be other function
It can logic.If attacker removes or disconnect by force these anti-shielding shielding constructions, the logic function of chip will be also resulted in not
Correctly, some sensitive functions will be rejected execution, to achieve the purpose that protect chip interior sensitive information.
In the second embodiment of the technical program, the anti-tamper line and functional line are physics cabling independently,
Anti-tamper line is mixed with functional line using identical Wiring structure.Using same structure, make attacker is more difficult which is distinguished
It is anti-tamper line, which is other function line；Come even if analyzing, removing these physics cablings also can be very difficult, non-
It is often easy to influence other function line.And these functional lines are once moved or destroy, it is incorrect to will lead to chip logic function,
Equally can sensitive circuit not worked.
In the 3rd embodiment of the technical program, the anti-tamper shielded layer includes 3 or more mutually independent
Physics cabling, and the structure of two of them physics cabling is identical, respectively corresponds anti-tamper line and functional line, is multiplexed by score
After mode forms mixing cabling, is mixed with other physics cablings, the two ways of the first, second embodiment is combined, is made
Security performance is higher.
When the anti-tamper shielded layer includes 2 or more mutually independent physics cablings, each physics cabling is at one
Orthographic projection in plane is in square waveform, and each physics cabling intersects to form multilayered structure up and down.The functional line is safety
The signal wire of chip.The signal of the signal wire is in the reset signal, enable signal, mode select signal of safety chip
It is a kind of.
The present invention is by anti-tamper line and functional line（Non-tamper-resistant function）After mixing is realized, so that anti-tamper line and functional line
（Non-tamper-resistant function）Monitoring mutually, gives mutual protection.Anti-tamper line not only protects chip, but also by functional line（Non-tamper-resistant
Function）Protection, though anti-tamper circuit logic perhaps flag bit attacker is gone out by successful analysis can not easy removal or disconnected
The cabling in these shielded layers is opened, anti-tamper safety itself is not only improved, also improves the security performance of chip entirety.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of first embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of second embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of third embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 4 is the partial process view of prior art des encryption logic；
Fig. 5 is the anti-tamper circuit flow chart of the prior art；
Fig. 6 is concrete application schematic diagram of the invention.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and examples, the course of work that the present invention will be described in detail.
Anti-tamper shielded layer proposed by the present invention for safety chip, in addition to anti-tamper line in anti-tamper shielded layer,
It is also provided with functional line, and anti-tamper line is mutually mixed with functional line.The present invention selects some key signals of safety chip
Line is as functional line, once anti-tamper shielded layer is removed, these functions of safety chip will be destroyed, and chip interior is caused
Sensitive function can not execute, thus prevent attacker attempt stolen in these function implementation procedures chip interior sensitive data or
Capture sensitive information.
Some sensitive circuits of preferred security chip of the present invention or the reset signal of Key Circuit, enable signal, mode choosing
The key signals such as signal are selected as functional line, and the signal wire of transmitting sensitive data should not be selected as functional line, present invention choosing
Select at least one safety chip this functional line and anti-tamper line mixing cabling, once functional line attacker remove it is anti-tamper
After being tampered in the operation of line, it will result directly in sensitive circuit and do not work, sensitive data is avoided to be leaked.
As shown in Figure 1, in the first embodiment of the present invention, functional line 103 and anti-tamper line in anti-tamper shielded layer
102 are logically mutually mixed, they share the Wiring structure of anti-tamper shielded layer by the way of time-sharing multiplex, i.e., anti-
Distort the anti-tamper line 102 and functional line 103 of logic（Non-tamper-resistant function）It is multiple by one in the front end of anti-tamper shielded layer
After logic module 104, the mixed output of physics cabling 106 is formed to anti-tamper shielded layer 101.Physics cabling after mixing
106 in the end of anti-tamper shielded layer after a demultiplexing logic module 105, distribute to anti-tamper logic 102 or function
Line（Non-tamper-resistant function）103.After the cabling in anti-tamper shielded layer 101 is tampered or removes, anti-tamper line 102 and function
Energy line（Non-tamper-resistant function）103 will all be destroyed.
As shown in Fig. 2, in the second embodiment of the present invention, anti-tamper line 202 and functional line（Non-tamper-resistant function）203
For physics cabling independently, they use same physics Wiring structure 203, and this structure plays a kind of physical mixed
Effect, attacker is difficult to remove all anti-tamper lines 202 without destroying functional line（Non-tamper-resistant function）203.Once
During removing anti-tamper line 202, functional line is destroyed（Non-tamper-resistant function）203, chip will be unable to starting sensitive circuit
Work, to achieve the purpose that protect chip sensitive data.
As shown in figure 3, in the third embodiment of the present invention, combine physical mixed in the first, second embodiment and
Logical hybrid two ways, anti-tamper shielded layer 301 include 3 or more mutually independent physics cablings, and two of them
The structure of physics cabling is identical, respectively corresponds anti-tamper line and functional line, and mixing cabling 302 is formed in such a way that score is multiplexed
Afterwards, it is mixed with other physics cablings 303.I.e. in anti-tamper shielded layer 301, exists simultaneously and generated using logical hybrid mode
The cabling 303 for mixing physics cabling 302 and being generated using physical admixture.At a time, certain in anti-tamper shielded layer
One cabling may be anti-tamper line, it is also possible to functional line（Non-tamper-resistant function）, it is also possible to it is always functional line（It is non-to prevent usurping
Change function）.By such processing, even if attacker analyzes anti-tamper logic, can not all remove easily anti-tamper
The cabling of shielded layer.
In the above-described embodiments, when anti-tamper shielded layer includes 2 or more mutually independent physics cablings, each physics is walked
The shape of line can similar multiple zigzag shapes, i.e., orthographic projection in a plane is in square waveform, and each physics cabling phase up and down
Mutually intersect to form multilayered structure.Functional line and anti-tamper line mixing cabling, the two are mutually protected, so that attacker is difficult to individually break
Bad whole anti-tamper line is without destroying functional line, to achieve the effect that promote safety protection of chip ability.Desired value must be infused
Meaning, for the walks wire shaped in anti-tamper shielding construction, in order to increase the difficulty that attacker analyzes logic, actual cabling
Mode should be extremely complex, can choose multiple layer metal cabling, logically more than one.This example is intended merely to more clear table
Up to the principle of the present invention, it is illustrated in such a way that a kind of comparison is concise.
It is shown in the prior art from Fig. 4, Fig. 5, we can see that enciphering and deciphering algorithm and anti-tamper circuit are separately to set
Meter, for the prior art of Fig. 4 by taking des encryption as an example, DES full name is Data Encryption Standard, i.e. data encryption
Standard is a kind of block algorithm encrypted using key, is determined as federal money by the State Standard Bureau of U.S. Federal Government within 1976
Expect processing standard（FIPS）, then widespread comes in the world.In safety chip, this kind of symmetrical encryption and decryption of DES is commonly used
Algorithm to carry out encrypting and decrypting to key message.Fig. 6 is illustrated of the invention specific based on the prior art of Fig. 4, Fig. 5
Application principle, it is assumed that anti-tamper shielded layer provides 32 physical shielding cablings, and principle according to the present invention will be in DES operation
32 in plain text input and anti-tamper circuit input signal carry out logical hybrid after, function select signal S be used to control what
Kind logical signal is sent into anti-tamper shielded layer, starts in chip, or before progress encrypted message key decryption, S sets 1, starting
Anti-tamper circuit logic carries out anti-tamper event detection；When needing to carry out encryption and decryption operation, S sets 0, and anti-tamper shielded layer is cut
Change the data line in 32 DES operations into.Therefore, the logic in different moments, in the anti-tamper shielded layer of top layer
It is different, for attacker, cannot simply modify final anti-tamper testing result and make its failure, because having modified most
Whole state must destroy anti-tamper shielded layer, and this will lead to sometime, and chip not can be carried out normal encryption and decryption functions
Operation, to protect key message.
It should be understood that the above-mentioned description for specific embodiment is more detailed, can not therefore be considered to this
The limitation of invention patent protection range, scope of patent protection of the invention should be determined by the appended claims.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of anti-tamper shielded layer for safety chip, which is characterized in that comprising anti-tamper in the anti-tamper shielded layer
Line and functional line, anti-tamper line are mutually mixed with functional line；
The anti-tamper shielded layer includes at least two groups physics cabling, and the anti-tamper line and the first functional line pass through time-sharing multiplex
Mode share wherein at least one group of physics cabling, remaining physics cabling be anti-tamper line or the second functional line, Huo Zhefang
Distort the combination of line and the second functional line.
2. anti-tamper shielded layer as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the Wiring structure phase of the multiple groups physics cabling
Together.
3. anti-tamper shielded layer as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the orthographic projection of each physics cabling in a plane
In square waveform, and each physics cabling intersects to form multilayered structure up and down.
4. anti-tamper shielded layer as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the functional line, the first functional line, the second function
Line is the signal wire of safety chip.
5. anti-tamper shielded layer as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that the signal wire, the first signal wire, second signal
The signal of line transmission is that the reset signal of safety chip, enable signal, mode select signal one of are worked as.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810642276.8A CN108920982B (en) | 2015-10-30 | 2015-10-30 | Tamper-proof shielding layer for security chip |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810642276.8A CN108920982B (en) | 2015-10-30 | 2015-10-30 | Tamper-proof shielding layer for security chip |
| CN201510721372.8A CN105224887B (en) | 2015-10-30 | 2015-10-30 | A kind of anti-tamper shielded layer for safety chip |
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| CN201510721372.8A Division CN105224887B (en) | 2015-10-30 | 2015-10-30 | A kind of anti-tamper shielded layer for safety chip |
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| CN108920982A true CN108920982A (en) | 2018-11-30 |
| CN108920982B CN108920982B (en) | 2021-08-17 |
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| CN201510721372.8A Active CN105224887B (en) | 2015-10-30 | 2015-10-30 | A kind of anti-tamper shielded layer for safety chip |
| CN201810642493.7A Active CN108985106B (en) | 2015-10-30 | 2015-10-30 | Tamper-proof shielding layer for security chip |
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| CN201810642493.7A Active CN108985106B (en) | 2015-10-30 | 2015-10-30 | Tamper-proof shielding layer for security chip |
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| CN106777678A (en) * | 2016-12-14 | 2017-05-31 | 天津蓝海微科技有限公司 | A kind of effective ways of Security Chip Physical Protection wiring |
| CN108304736A (en) * | 2018-02-09 | 2018-07-20 | 深圳国微技术有限公司 | A kind of safety chip |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN105224887A (en) | 2016-01-06 |
| CN105224887B (en) | 2019-03-15 |
| CN108985106A (en) | 2018-12-11 |
| CN108920982B (en) | 2021-08-17 |
| CN108985106B (en) | 2021-07-20 |
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