CN108919350A - Diffracted wave separation method and device - Google Patents
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of diffracted wave separation methods and device, this method to include：Obtain the frequency domain seismic data of pending area；Singular value decomposition is carried out to frequency domain seismic data, and Energy-Entropy calculating is carried out according to the singular value after decomposition, obtains Energy-Entropy corresponding to each singular value；Diffracted wave singular value is determined in singular value based on Energy-Entropy, and determines diffracted wave singular value vector corresponding to diffracted wave singular value；Target diffracted wave signal is determined based on diffracted wave singular value and diffracted wave singular value vector.Method of the invention can effectively suppress back wave; diffracted wave signal is protected simultaneously; finally obtained target diffracted wave signal has good guarantor's width; diffracted wave effect obtained after separation is good; alleviating the isolated diffracted wave of existing diffracted wave separation method, there are serious distortion, the ineffective technical problems of diffracted wave obtained after separation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of seismic exploration, in particular to a diffracted wave separation method and a diffracted wave separation device.
Background
Small-scale discontinuous geologic bodies such as faults, collapse columns, cracks and the like are often in close relation with mineral resource distribution, and the exploration success rate can be effectively improved, the cost is reduced, possible geological disasters are avoided, and risks are avoided by accurately positioning the non-uniform discontinuous geologic bodies. The diffracted wave is the seismic response of the small-scale geologic body, contains the structural information of the small-scale geologic body, and can be used for accurately positioning the non-uniform discontinuous geologic body and providing stronger illumination of the underground space. However, diffracted waves are attenuated faster and have weaker energy than reflected waves in the propagation process, and are easily masked by the reflected waves with strong energy. Therefore, the diffracted wave needs to be separated from the reflected wave to enhance the diffraction response, so as to perform high-precision imaging of the diffracted wave and accurately locate the small-scale geologic body.
The existing diffracted wave separation generally adopts a plane wave decomposition method, and the principle is to remove reflected waves in seismic waves by estimating local inclination angles of the reflected waves so as to separate and obtain the diffracted waves. However, when the local inclination of the reflected wave is estimated by the plane wave decomposition method, solution instability is often accompanied, so that the local inclination of the reflected wave is not estimated accurately, the reflected wave suppression effect is affected, and meanwhile, since the diffracted wave has an inclination similar to that of the reflected wave, the diffracted wave signal is damaged when the reflected wave is suppressed. Finally, not only part of reflected waves are mixed in the diffracted waves obtained by separation, but also the obtained diffracted waves have great damage and weak energy.
In summary, diffracted waves separated by the existing diffracted wave separation method have serious distortion, and the effect of the diffracted waves obtained after separation is not good.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, an object of the present invention is to provide a diffracted wave separation method and apparatus, so as to solve the technical problems that diffracted waves separated by the conventional diffracted wave separation method have serious distortion and the effect of the separated diffracted waves is poor.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a diffracted wave separation method, including:
acquiring frequency domain seismic data of a region to be processed;
singular value decomposition is carried out on the frequency domain seismic data, energy entropy calculation is carried out according to the decomposed singular values, and energy entropy corresponding to each singular value is obtained;
determining a diffracted wave singular value in the singular value based on the energy entropy, and determining a diffracted wave singular value vector corresponding to the diffracted wave singular value;
and determining a target diffracted wave signal based on the diffracted wave singular value and the diffracted wave singular value vector, wherein the target diffracted wave signal is a time domain diffracted wave signal.
With reference to the first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a first possible implementation manner of the first aspect, where acquiring frequency domain seismic data of a region to be processed includes:
acquiring seismic stacking section data of the area to be processed, wherein the seismic stacking section data are time domain seismic stacking data;
and carrying out Fourier transform on the seismic stacking section data to obtain the frequency domain seismic data.
With reference to the first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a second possible implementation manner of the first aspect, where performing singular value decomposition on the frequency domain seismic data includes:
extracting target seismic data from the frequency domain seismic data, wherein the target seismic data are seismic data of which the frequency is a target frequency in the frequency domain seismic data, the target frequency is any frequency in a frequency domain, and the target frequency traverses all frequencies in the frequency domain;
constructing an information matrix of the target seismic data based on the target seismic data, wherein elements on anti-diagonals in the information matrix are the same, and the elements in the information matrix are data in the target seismic data;
and carrying out singular value decomposition on the information matrix to obtain singular values of the information matrix and singular value vectors corresponding to the singular values.
With reference to the first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a third possible implementation manner of the first aspect, where performing energy entropy calculation according to decomposed singular values includes:
calculation formula according to energy entropyCalculating the energy entropy corresponding to each singular value, wherein deltaiRepresenting singular values σiCorresponding energy entropy, σiRepresenting singular values and r representing the rank of the information matrix.
With reference to the first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a fourth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, wherein determining, based on the energy entropy, a diffracted wave singular value in the singular value includes:
calculating the difference between two adjacent energy entropies corresponding to two adjacent singular values to obtain energy entropy change quantity;
determining a first target energy entropy change amount and a second target energy entropy change amount in the energy entropy change amounts, wherein the first target energy entropy change amount is the largest energy entropy change amount in the energy entropy change amounts, and the second target energy entropy change amount is the second largest energy entropy change amount in the energy entropy change amounts;
determining a first target singular value corresponding to the first target energy entropy change quantity, and determining a second target singular value corresponding to the second target energy entropy change quantity;
taking singular values between the first target singular value and the second target singular value among the singular values of the information matrix as the diffracted wave singular values.
With reference to the first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a fifth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, where determining a diffracted wave singular value vector corresponding to the diffracted wave singular value includes:
and determining the diffracted wave singular value vector corresponding to the diffracted wave singular value in the singular value vector corresponding to the singular value.
With reference to the first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a sixth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, where determining a target diffracted wave signal based on the diffracted wave singular values and the diffracted wave singular value vectors includes:
reconstructing the diffracted wave signal according to the diffracted wave singular value and the diffracted wave singular value vector to obtain a reconstructed diffracted wave signal, wherein the reconstructed diffracted wave signal is a frequency domain diffracted wave signal;
and carrying out inverse Fourier transform on the reconstructed diffracted wave signal to obtain the target diffracted wave signal.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a diffracted wave separation apparatus, including:
the acquisition module is used for acquiring frequency domain seismic data of an area to be processed;
the decomposition calculation module is used for carrying out singular value decomposition on the frequency domain seismic data and carrying out energy entropy calculation according to the decomposed singular values to obtain energy entropy corresponding to each singular value;
the first determining module is used for determining a diffracted wave singular value in the singular value based on the energy entropy and determining a diffracted wave singular value vector corresponding to the diffracted wave singular value;
and a second determining module, configured to determine a target diffracted wave signal based on the diffracted wave singular value and the diffracted wave singular value vector, where the target diffracted wave signal is a time-domain diffracted wave signal.
With reference to the second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a first possible implementation manner of the second aspect, where the obtaining module includes:
the acquisition unit is used for acquiring seismic stacking section data of the area to be processed, wherein the seismic stacking section data are time domain seismic stacking data;
and the Fourier transform unit is used for carrying out Fourier transform on the seismic stacking section data to obtain the frequency domain seismic data.
With reference to the second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a second possible implementation manner of the second aspect, where the decomposition calculation module includes:
the extraction unit is used for extracting target seismic data from the frequency domain seismic data, wherein the target seismic data is seismic data of which the frequency is a target frequency in the frequency domain seismic data, the target frequency is any frequency in a frequency domain, and the target frequency traverses all frequencies in the frequency domain;
the constructing unit is used for constructing an information matrix of the target seismic data based on the target seismic data, wherein elements on an anti-diagonal line in the information matrix are the same, and the elements in the information matrix are data in the target seismic data;
and the singular value decomposition unit is used for performing singular value decomposition on the information matrix to obtain the singular value of the information matrix and the singular value vector corresponding to the singular value.
The embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
in this embodiment, frequency domain seismic data of a region to be processed is obtained, then, singular value decomposition is performed on the frequency domain seismic data, energy entropy calculation is performed according to decomposed singular values, energy entropy corresponding to each singular value is obtained, further, diffracted wave singular values are determined in the singular values based on the energy entropy, diffracted wave singular value vectors corresponding to the diffracted wave singular values are determined, and finally, target diffracted wave signals are determined based on the diffracted wave singular values and the diffracted wave singular value vectors. According to the method, the reflected wave can be effectively suppressed, the diffracted wave signals are protected, the finally obtained target diffracted wave signals have good amplitude preservation, the diffracted wave effect obtained after separation is good, and the technical problems that the diffracted waves obtained by separation of the existing diffracted wave separation method have serious distortion and the diffracted wave effect obtained after separation is poor are solved.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and claims hereof as well as the appended drawings.
In order to make the aforementioned and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, preferred embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a diffracted wave separation method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a method for acquiring frequency domain seismic data of a region to be processed according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of seismic stack section data provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of a method for singular value decomposition of frequency domain seismic data according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a flowchart of a method for determining singular values of diffracted waves among singular values based on energy entropy according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6(a) is a schematic diagram of a target diffracted wave signal obtained by a diffracted wave separation method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6(b) is a schematic diagram of diffracted wave signals obtained by a plane wave decomposition method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a diffracted wave separating apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Icon:
11-an acquisition module; 12-a decomposition calculation module; 13-a first determination module; 14-a second determination module.
Detailed Description
To make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
For the convenience of understanding the present embodiment, a diffracted wave separation method disclosed in the present embodiment will be described in detail first.
The first embodiment is as follows:
in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided an embodiment of a diffracted wave separation method, it is noted that the steps illustrated in the flowchart of the drawings may be performed in a computer system, such as a set of computer-executable instructions, and that while a logical order is illustrated in the flowchart, in some cases the steps illustrated or described may be performed in an order different than here.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a diffracted wave separation method according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, the method including the steps of:
step S102, acquiring frequency domain seismic data of a region to be processed;
in the embodiment of the invention, the area to be processed is a field acquisition area.
S104, performing singular value decomposition on the frequency domain seismic data, and performing energy entropy calculation according to decomposed singular values to obtain energy entropy corresponding to each singular value;
specifically, the singular value decomposition is to perform projection decomposition on the frequency domain seismic data in an orthogonal space, and respectively decompose the frequency domain seismic data into a seismic data subspace and a noise subspace.
After the decomposed singular values are obtained, energy entropy calculation is further carried out according to the decomposed singular values, and energy entropy corresponding to each singular value is obtained. This process is described in detail below.
Step S106, determining a diffracted wave singular value in the singular value based on the energy entropy, and determining a diffracted wave singular value vector corresponding to the diffracted wave singular value;
after the energy entropy is obtained, further determining a diffracted wave singular value in the singular value based on the energy entropy, and determining a diffracted wave singular value vector corresponding to the diffracted wave singular value.
Specifically, the diffracted wave singular value is determined among the singular values based on the energy entropy, that is, the diffracted wave singular value is determined among the singular values according to the energy difference between the diffracted wave and the reflected wave.
And S108, determining a target diffracted wave signal based on the diffracted wave singular value and the diffracted wave singular value vector, wherein the target diffracted wave signal is a time domain diffracted wave signal.
After the diffraction wave singular value and the diffraction wave singular value vector are obtained, reconstructing the diffraction wave signal according to the diffraction wave singular value and the diffraction wave singular value vector to obtain a reconstructed diffraction wave signal, and then performing Fourier inverse transformation on the reconstructed diffraction wave signal to obtain the target diffraction wave signal.
In this embodiment, frequency domain seismic data of a region to be processed is obtained, then, singular value decomposition is performed on the frequency domain seismic data, energy entropy calculation is performed according to decomposed singular values, energy entropy corresponding to each singular value is obtained, further, diffracted wave singular values are determined in the singular values based on the energy entropy, diffracted wave singular value vectors corresponding to the diffracted wave singular values are determined, and finally, target diffracted wave signals are determined based on the diffracted wave singular values and the diffracted wave singular value vectors. According to the method, the reflected wave can be effectively suppressed, the diffracted wave signals are protected, the finally obtained target diffracted wave signals have good amplitude preservation, the diffracted wave effect obtained after separation is good, and the technical problems that the diffracted waves obtained by separation of the existing diffracted wave separation method have serious distortion and the diffracted wave effect obtained after separation is poor are solved.
The diffracted wave separation method of the present invention is briefly described above, and the details thereof will be described below.
In an alternative embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 2, acquiring frequency domain seismic data of a region to be processed comprises the steps of:
step S201, acquiring seismic stacking section data of a region to be processed, wherein the seismic stacking section data are time domain seismic stacking data;
specifically, the seismic stacking section data is equivalent to mesh subdivision of the underground of a field acquisition area, every preset distance is used as an imaging point, stacking processing is carried out on seismic gathers between the preset distances, and then the seismic stacking section data is obtained and is time domain seismic stacking data. As shown in fig. 3, the seismic stack section data obtained by the acquisition is obtained, where the linear signal with strong energy is the reflected wave, and the hyperbolic signal with weak energy is the diffracted wave.
Step S202, Fourier transform is carried out on the seismic stacking section data to obtain frequency domain seismic data.
After the seismic stacking section data are obtained, the seismic stacking section data are subjected to Fourier transform, and then the frequency domain seismic data can be obtained.
The above description briefly introduces the process of acquiring the frequency domain seismic data of the region to be processed, and the following describes the process of singular value decomposition in detail.
In an alternative embodiment, referring to FIG. 4, singular value decomposition of frequency domain seismic data includes the steps of:
step S401, extracting target seismic data from the frequency domain seismic data, wherein the target seismic data is the seismic data of which the frequency in the frequency domain seismic data is the target frequency, the target frequency is any frequency in a frequency domain, and the target frequency traverses all frequencies in the frequency domain;
after frequency domain seismic data are obtained, target seismic data are extracted from the frequency domain seismic data, the target seismic data are seismic data of which the frequency in the frequency domain seismic data is a target frequency, the target frequency is any frequency in a frequency domain, and the target frequency traverses all frequencies in the frequency domain, namely corresponding multiple groups of different target seismic data are extracted according to different frequencies.
Step S402, constructing an information matrix of the target seismic data based on the target seismic data, wherein elements on an anti-diagonal line in the information matrix are the same, and the elements in the information matrix are data in the target seismic data;
if the target frequency is w0And extracting the obtained target seismic data as follows: df(w0)＝(f1,f2,…,fN)，DfRepresenting frequency domain seismic data, Df(w0) Representing target seismic data, fiRepresenting different data components of N seismic traces.
Then, the information matrix of the target seismic data is:
wherein H represents an information matrix of the target seismic data,[]representing the integer part of the reserved element.
Step S403, performing singular value decomposition on the information matrix to obtain singular values of the information matrix and singular value vectors corresponding to the singular values.
After the information matrix is obtained, singular value decomposition is carried out on the information matrix to obtain singular values of the information matrix and singular value vectors corresponding to the singular values.
Specifically, the singular value decomposition of the information matrix H can be expressed as: h ═ L ∑ UH
Wherein Σ represents a diagonal matrix formed by different singular values σ, and the singular values are arranged from large to small along the diagonal (from large to small from top left to bottom right), L and U represent matrices formed by singular value vectors corresponding to the different singular values, and H represents the conjugate transpose of the matrices.
And after the singular value of the information matrix is obtained, further performing energy entropy calculation according to the singular value.
Specifically, the energy entropy calculation according to the decomposed singular values includes:
calculation formula according to energy entropyCalculating the energy entropy corresponding to each singular value, wherein deltaiRepresenting singular values σiCorresponding energy entropy, σiRepresenting the singular value and r representing the rank of the information matrix.
The above description describes the singular value decomposition process and the energy entropy calculation process based on the singular values in detail, and the following description describes the process of determining the singular value of the diffracted wave in detail.
In an alternative embodiment, referring to fig. 5, determining the diffracted wave singular values among the singular values based on the energy entropy comprises the steps of:
step S501, calculating a difference value between two adjacent energy entropies corresponding to two adjacent singular values to obtain an energy entropy change quantity;
specifically, the amount of energy entropy change is: r ═ Δi+1-ΔiWhere r represents the amount of change in energy entropy, Δi+1Representing singular values σi+1Corresponding energy entropy, ΔiRepresenting singular values σiThe corresponding energy entropy.
Step S502, determining a first target energy entropy change quantity and a second target energy entropy change quantity in the energy entropy change quantities, wherein the first target energy entropy change quantity is the largest energy entropy change quantity in the energy entropy change quantities, and the second target energy entropy change quantity is the second largest energy entropy change quantity in the energy entropy change quantities;
specifically, the first target energy entropy change amount: r is1＝max|Δi+1-ΔiL, second target energy entropy change amount: r is2＝max|Δi+1-Δi|，i≠r1。
Step S503, determining a first target singular value corresponding to the first target energy entropy change quantity, and determining a second target singular value corresponding to the second target energy entropy change quantity;
specifically, as stated in step S502, the obtained first target singular value is r1＝max|Δi+1-ΔiEnergy entropy Δ in |iCorresponding singular value sigmaaThe second target singular value is r2＝max|Δi+1-Δi|，i≠r1Entropy of medium energy ΔiCorresponding singular value sigmab。
In particular, the first target singular value σaThe corresponding column number a is the rank of the reflected wave information matrix, and the second target singular value sigmabThe corresponding column number b is the rank of the reflected wave signal and the diffracted wave signal matrix, that is, the column number corresponding to the singular value corresponding to the largest energy entropy change quantity is the rank of the reflected wave information matrix, and the column number corresponding to the singular value corresponding to the second largest energy entropy change quantity is the rank of the reflected wave signal and the diffracted wave signal matrix. This is determined by the difference in energy of the reflected wave and the diffracted wave.
In step S504, singular values between the first target singular value and the second target singular value are taken as diffracted wave singular values among the singular values of the information matrix.
Further, determining a diffracted wave singular value vector corresponding to the diffracted wave singular value:
and determining a diffracted wave singular value vector corresponding to the diffracted wave singular value in the singular value vector corresponding to the singular value.
In step S403, the singular values and the singular value vectors corresponding to the singular values are already obtained, and in step S504, the diffracted wave singular values determined from the singular values are obtained, and further, the diffracted wave singular value vectors corresponding to the diffracted wave singular values can be determined from the singular value vectors corresponding to the singular values.
After the diffracted wave singular value and the diffracted wave singular value vector are obtained, the target diffracted wave signal can be determined based on the diffracted wave singular value and the diffracted wave singular value vector.
In an alternative embodiment of the present invention, determining the target diffracted wave signal based on the diffracted wave singular values and the vectors of the diffracted wave singular values comprises:
(1) reconstructing the diffracted wave signals according to the diffracted wave singular values and the diffracted wave singular value vectors to obtain reconstructed diffracted wave signals, wherein the reconstructed diffracted wave signals are frequency domain diffracted wave signals;
specifically, the information matrix can be decomposed into:
the reconstructed diffracted wave signal information matrix can be expressed as:
wherein,representing a matrix of singular values of diffracted waves,andand representing a matrix formed by diffraction wave singular value vectors corresponding to different diffraction wave singular values.
(2) And carrying out inverse Fourier transform on the reconstructed diffracted wave signal to obtain a target diffracted wave signal.
As shown in fig. 6(a), a schematic diagram of a target diffracted wave signal obtained by the diffracted wave separation method of the present invention is shown. As can be seen from fig. 6(a), the reflected wave with strong energy is well suppressed, the diffracted wave is well preserved, and the amplitude retention and the signal-to-noise ratio of the diffracted wave are high.
As shown in fig. 6(b), the diffracted wave signal is obtained by a conventional plane wave decomposition method, and as is clear from fig. 6(b), a large amount of reflected waves remain, which affect the analysis of the diffracted wave signal, and the diffracted wave signal has large damage and weak energy. Comparing with fig. 6(a), the method of the present invention has good protection effect on the reflected wave, and can perform amplitude separation and effectively suppress the reflected wave.
The method of the invention decomposes the frequency domain seismic data by using a singular value decomposition algorithm, estimates the rank of a reflected wave and a diffracted wave signal matrix through the energy entropy of the signal, and reconstructs the original signal by using the singular value and the singular value vector of the diffracted wave signal, thereby obtaining a separated diffraction wave field. The method utilizes the energy difference between the reflected wave and the random noise and the diffracted wave, can effectively extract the diffracted wave signal, position the abnormal structure in the underground space and reduce the accident risk.
The singular value decomposition is to perform projection decomposition on the seismic wave signals and the noise in an orthogonal space and respectively decompose the seismic wave signals and the noise into a seismic wave signal subspace and a noise subspace, and random noise in seismic data can be suppressed by utilizing the characteristic, so that the signal-to-noise ratio of the separated diffracted waves is improved; because the energy difference between the reflected wave and the diffracted wave is large, the energy entropy can depict the energy difference between the reflected wave and the diffracted wave to obtain the rank of the reflected wave and the diffracted wave, and the diffracted wave signal is reconstructed by using the singular value representing the diffracted wave signal and the corresponding singular value vector, so that the reflected wave is accurately suppressed, the diffracted wave is protected, and the good amplitude preservation is realized.
Example two:
the embodiments of the present invention further provide a diffracted wave separation apparatus, which is mainly used to perform the diffracted wave separation method provided in the embodiments of the present invention, and the diffracted wave separation apparatus provided in the embodiments of the present invention is specifically described below.
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a diffracted wave separating apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 7, the diffracted wave separating apparatus mainly includes: an obtaining module 11, a decomposition calculation module 12, a first determination module 13 and a second determination module 14, wherein:
the acquisition module is used for acquiring frequency domain seismic data of an area to be processed;
the decomposition calculation module is used for carrying out singular value decomposition on the frequency domain seismic data and carrying out energy entropy calculation according to the decomposed singular values to obtain energy entropy corresponding to each singular value;
the first determining module is used for determining a diffracted wave singular value in the singular value based on the energy entropy and determining a diffracted wave singular value vector corresponding to the diffracted wave singular value;
and the second determination module is used for determining a target diffracted wave signal based on the diffracted wave singular value and the diffracted wave singular value vector, wherein the target diffracted wave signal is a time domain diffracted wave signal.
In this embodiment, frequency domain seismic data of a region to be processed is obtained, then, singular value decomposition is performed on the frequency domain seismic data, energy entropy calculation is performed according to decomposed singular values, energy entropy corresponding to each singular value is obtained, further, diffracted wave singular values are determined in the singular values based on the energy entropy, diffracted wave singular value vectors corresponding to the diffracted wave singular values are determined, and finally, target diffracted wave signals are determined based on the diffracted wave singular values and the diffracted wave singular value vectors. According to the description, the device provided by the invention can suppress random noise in a singular value decomposition mode, further determine the singular value of the diffracted wave in the decomposed singular value by utilizing the energy difference between the reflected wave and the diffracted wave, determine the singular value vector of the diffracted wave, and finally determine the target diffracted wave signal according to the singular value of the diffracted wave and the singular value vector of the diffracted wave.
Optionally, the obtaining module includes:
the device comprises an acquisition unit, a processing unit and a processing unit, wherein the acquisition unit is used for acquiring seismic stacking section data of a to-be-processed area, and the seismic stacking section data are time domain seismic stacking data;
and the Fourier transform unit is used for carrying out Fourier transform on the seismic stacking section data to obtain frequency domain seismic data.
Optionally, the decomposition calculation module comprises:
the extraction unit is used for extracting target seismic data from the frequency domain seismic data, wherein the target seismic data is the seismic data of which the frequency in the frequency domain seismic data is the target frequency, the target frequency is any frequency in a frequency domain, and the target frequency traverses all frequencies in the frequency domain;
the system comprises a construction unit, a data acquisition unit and a data processing unit, wherein the construction unit is used for constructing an information matrix of target seismic data based on the target seismic data, elements on anti-diagonal lines in the information matrix are the same, and the elements in the information matrix are data in the target seismic data;
and the singular value decomposition unit is used for performing singular value decomposition on the information matrix to obtain singular values of the information matrix and singular value vectors corresponding to the singular values.
Optionally, the decomposition calculation module further comprises:
an energy entropy calculation unit for calculating the formula according to the energy entropyCalculating the energy entropy corresponding to each singular value, wherein deltaiRepresenting singular values σiCorresponding energy entropy, σiRepresenting the singular value and r representing the rank of the information matrix.
Optionally, the first determining module includes:
the calculation unit is used for calculating the difference value between two adjacent energy entropies corresponding to two adjacent singular values to obtain the energy entropy change quantity;
a first determining unit, configured to determine a first target energy entropy change amount and a second target energy entropy change amount in the energy entropy change amounts, where the first target energy entropy change amount is a largest energy entropy change amount in the energy entropy change amounts, and the second target energy entropy change amount is a second largest energy entropy change amount in the energy entropy change amounts;
the second determining unit is used for determining a first target singular value corresponding to the first target energy entropy change quantity and determining a second target singular value corresponding to the second target energy entropy change quantity;
a setting unit configured to take, as a diffracted wave singular value, a singular value between the first target singular value and the second target singular value among singular values of the information matrix.
Optionally, the first determining module further includes:
and a third determining unit, configured to determine a diffracted wave singular value vector corresponding to the diffracted wave singular value from the singular value vector corresponding to the singular value.
Optionally, the second determining module includes:
the reconstruction unit is used for reconstructing the diffracted wave signals according to the diffracted wave singular values and the diffracted wave singular value vectors to obtain reconstructed diffracted wave signals, wherein the reconstructed diffracted wave signals are frequency domain diffracted wave signals;
and the inverse Fourier transform unit is used for carrying out inverse Fourier transform on the reconstructed diffracted wave signal to obtain a target diffracted wave signal.
The device provided by the embodiment of the present invention has the same implementation principle and technical effect as the method embodiments, and for the sake of brief description, reference may be made to the corresponding contents in the method embodiments without reference to the device embodiments.
The computer program product of the diffracted wave separation method and apparatus provided in the embodiments of the present invention includes a computer-readable storage medium storing a program code, where instructions included in the program code may be used to execute the method described in the foregoing method embodiments, and specific implementation may refer to the method embodiments, and will not be described herein again.
It is clear to those skilled in the art that, for convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the system and the apparatus described above may refer to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and are not described herein again.
In addition, in the description of the embodiments of the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
The functions, if implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as a stand-alone product, may be stored in a computer readable storage medium. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present invention may be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage medium and includes instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device) to execute all or part of the steps of the method according to the embodiments of the present invention. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: a U-disk, a removable hard disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk, and other various media capable of storing program codes.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above-mentioned embodiments are only specific embodiments of the present invention, which are used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that: any person skilled in the art can modify or easily conceive the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or equivalent substitutes for some technical features within the technical scope of the present disclosure; such modifications, changes or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the embodiments of the present invention, and they should be construed as being included therein. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A diffracted wave separation method, comprising:
acquiring frequency domain seismic data of a region to be processed;
singular value decomposition is carried out on the frequency domain seismic data, energy entropy calculation is carried out according to the decomposed singular values, and energy entropy corresponding to each singular value is obtained;
determining a diffracted wave singular value in the singular value based on the energy entropy, and determining a diffracted wave singular value vector corresponding to the diffracted wave singular value;
and determining a target diffracted wave signal based on the diffracted wave singular value and the diffracted wave singular value vector, wherein the target diffracted wave signal is a time domain diffracted wave signal.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein acquiring frequency domain seismic data for a region to be processed comprises:
acquiring seismic stacking section data of the area to be processed, wherein the seismic stacking section data are time domain seismic stacking data;
and carrying out Fourier transform on the seismic stacking section data to obtain the frequency domain seismic data.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein performing a singular value decomposition of the frequency domain seismic data comprises:
extracting target seismic data from the frequency domain seismic data, wherein the target seismic data are seismic data of which the frequency is a target frequency in the frequency domain seismic data, the target frequency is any frequency in a frequency domain, and the target frequency traverses all frequencies in the frequency domain;
constructing an information matrix of the target seismic data based on the target seismic data, wherein elements on anti-diagonals in the information matrix are the same, and the elements in the information matrix are data in the target seismic data;
and carrying out singular value decomposition on the information matrix to obtain singular values of the information matrix and singular value vectors corresponding to the singular values.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein performing energy entropy calculations based on the decomposed singular values comprises:
calculation formula according to energy entropyCalculating the corresponding of each singular valueEnergy entropy of, whereiniRepresenting singular values σiCorresponding energy entropy, σiRepresenting singular values and r representing the rank of the information matrix.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein determining the diffracted wave singular values among the singular values based on the energy entropy comprises:
calculating the difference between two adjacent energy entropies corresponding to two adjacent singular values to obtain energy entropy change quantity;
determining a first target energy entropy change amount and a second target energy entropy change amount in the energy entropy change amounts, wherein the first target energy entropy change amount is the largest energy entropy change amount in the energy entropy change amounts, and the second target energy entropy change amount is the second largest energy entropy change amount in the energy entropy change amounts;
determining a first target singular value corresponding to the first target energy entropy change quantity, and determining a second target singular value corresponding to the second target energy entropy change quantity;
taking singular values between the first target singular value and the second target singular value among the singular values of the information matrix as the diffracted wave singular values.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein determining the vector of diffracted wave singular values corresponding to the diffracted wave singular values comprises:
and determining the diffracted wave singular value vector corresponding to the diffracted wave singular value in the singular value vector corresponding to the singular value.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein determining a target diffracted wave signal based on the diffracted wave singular values and the vector of diffracted wave singular values comprises:
reconstructing the diffracted wave signal according to the diffracted wave singular value and the diffracted wave singular value vector to obtain a reconstructed diffracted wave signal, wherein the reconstructed diffracted wave signal is a frequency domain diffracted wave signal;
and carrying out inverse Fourier transform on the reconstructed diffracted wave signal to obtain the target diffracted wave signal.
8. A diffracted wave separation apparatus, comprising:
the acquisition module is used for acquiring frequency domain seismic data of an area to be processed;
the decomposition calculation module is used for carrying out singular value decomposition on the frequency domain seismic data and carrying out energy entropy calculation according to the decomposed singular values to obtain energy entropy corresponding to each singular value;
the first determining module is used for determining a diffracted wave singular value in the singular value based on the energy entropy and determining a diffracted wave singular value vector corresponding to the diffracted wave singular value;
and a second determining module, configured to determine a target diffracted wave signal based on the diffracted wave singular value and the diffracted wave singular value vector, where the target diffracted wave signal is a time-domain diffracted wave signal.
9. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the obtaining module comprises:
the acquisition unit is used for acquiring seismic stacking section data of the area to be processed, wherein the seismic stacking section data are time domain seismic stacking data;
and the Fourier transform unit is used for carrying out Fourier transform on the seismic stacking section data to obtain the frequency domain seismic data.
10. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the decomposition computation module comprises:
the extraction unit is used for extracting target seismic data from the frequency domain seismic data, wherein the target seismic data is seismic data of which the frequency is a target frequency in the frequency domain seismic data, the target frequency is any frequency in a frequency domain, and the target frequency traverses all frequencies in the frequency domain;
the constructing unit is used for constructing an information matrix of the target seismic data based on the target seismic data, wherein elements on an anti-diagonal line in the information matrix are the same, and the elements in the information matrix are data in the target seismic data;
and the singular value decomposition unit is used for performing singular value decomposition on the information matrix to obtain the singular value of the information matrix and the singular value vector corresponding to the singular value.
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