CN109116423B - Method and device for suppressing diffracted multiples - Google Patents
Method and device for suppressing diffracted multiples Download PDFInfo
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- CN109116423B CN109116423B CN201810761485.4A CN201810761485A CN109116423B CN 109116423 B CN109116423 B CN 109116423B CN 201810761485 A CN201810761485 A CN 201810761485A CN 109116423 B CN109116423 B CN 109116423B
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- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
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Abstract
The invention provides a method and a device for suppressing diffraction multiple waves, which relate to the technical field of seismic data multiple wave suppression and comprise the steps of extracting reflected wave data from original seismic data to obtain reflected wave data and residual seismic data which do not contain the reflected wave data; performing dynamic correction processing on the residual seismic data to remove diffracted multiples and obtain leveled residual wave field data; carrying out reverse-motion correction processing on the remaining wave field data to obtain wave field data; and combining the wave field data and the reflected wave data to obtain target seismic data after the diffracted multiples are suppressed so as to suppress the reflected multiples. The technical problem that the diffracted multiples with the damaged hyperbolic shape cannot be compressed due to the fact that the reflected waves are compressed before the diffracted multiples are compressed is solved, and the technical effects that the diffracted multiples are effectively compressed and the efficiency of compressing the diffracted multiples is improved are achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of seismic data multiple suppression, in particular to a method and a device for suppressing diffracted multiple.
Background
The multiple waves are a kind of interference waves which can appear in the research of seismic waves and are also often found in ground penetrating radars. The multiple waves are usually abnormally developed in marine seismic data and are characterized by wide distribution range and strong energy. According to different multiple generation mechanisms, different types of multiples can be compressed in a targeted manner.
The existing multiple suppression technology generally suppresses the reflected multiple first and then processes some of the remaining multiples. These remaining multiples are mostly diffracted multiples due to rough sea floors or complex structures, and a small number of reflected multiples that have not been previously removed.
The remaining diffracted multiples are often random residual energies and frequencies. Conventional methods for removing remaining diffracted multiples are basically after conventional compression of reflected multiples (compression using Surface-Related Multiple attenuation (SRME) and high precision Radon transform), the remaining diffracted multiples are then compressed.
Since the conventional reflected multiple suppression method suppresses the multiple having the reflected multiple form according to the form, propagation rule, etc. of the reflected multiple, the basic form of the diffracted multiple is damaged to some extent, and some basic features of the diffracted multiple are difficult to be retained. Therefore, when the reflected multiples are suppressed, the form law of the diffracted multiples in space and time is destroyed, so that the hyperbolic form of the diffracted multiples is incomplete, the diffracted multiples with the damaged hyperbolic form cannot be suppressed, and the efficiency of suppressing the diffracted multiples is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, an object of the present invention is to provide a diffracted multiple pressing method and apparatus, so as to solve the technical problems in the prior art that the diffracted multiple is pressed after the reflected multiple is pressed, the hyperbolic shape of the diffracted multiple is damaged, the hyperbolic shape of the diffracted multiple is incomplete, the diffracted multiple with the damaged hyperbolic shape cannot be pressed, and the efficiency of pressing the diffracted multiple is reduced.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for suppressing diffracted multiples, including:
extracting reflected wave data from the original seismic data to obtain reflected wave data and residual seismic data which do not contain the reflected wave data;
performing dynamic correction processing on the residual seismic data to remove diffracted multiples and obtain leveled residual wave field data;
carrying out reverse-motion correction processing on the remaining wave field data to obtain wave field data;
and combining the wave field data and the reflected wave data to obtain target seismic data after the diffracted multiples are suppressed so as to suppress the reflected multiples.
With reference to the first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a first possible implementation manner of the first aspect, where the extracting reflected wave data from original seismic data to obtain reflected wave data and remaining seismic data that does not include the reflected wave data includes:
calculating the stacking velocity of seismic waves in a target area by using the depth of the target area corresponding to the original seismic data;
performing dynamic correction processing on the original seismic data according to the stacking velocity to obtain a dynamic correction result;
sorting out a common offset gather according to the dynamic correction result according to a preset offset;
selecting a time window containing the diffracted multiples in the common offset gather according to the dynamic correction result;
and extracting the reflected wave data in the time window by using a plane wave deconstruction method to obtain residual seismic data.
With reference to the first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a second possible implementation manner of the first aspect, where the performing dynamic correction processing on the residual seismic data to remove diffracted multiples to obtain leveled residual wavefield data includes:
calculating the multiple diffraction travel times by using a preset diffraction travel time calculation formula;
performing dynamic correction processing on the residual seismic data according to the diffraction multi-time travel time to obtain leveling data;
and in the leveling data, removing diffracted multiple data by using the plane wave deconstruction method to obtain the remaining wave field data.
With reference to the first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a third possible implementation manner of the first aspect, where performing a reactive correction process on the remaining wavefield data to obtain wavefield data, and the method includes:
calculating the time difference based on the offset distance, the stacking speed and a preset time difference calculation formula;
and performing reactive correction processing on the remaining wave field data according to the time difference to obtain wave field data.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a diffraction multi-wave pressing apparatus, including:
the extraction module is used for extracting reflected wave data from the original seismic data to obtain the reflected wave data and residual seismic data which do not contain the reflected wave data;
the dynamic correction processing module is used for performing dynamic correction processing on the residual seismic data to remove diffracted multiples and obtain leveled residual wave field data;
the backward motion correction processing module is used for performing backward motion correction processing on the remaining wave field data to obtain wave field data;
and the combination module is used for combining the wave field data and the reflected wave data to obtain target seismic data after the diffracted multiples are suppressed so as to suppress the reflected multiples.
With reference to the second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a first possible implementation manner of the second aspect, where the extracting module includes:
the first calculation unit is used for calculating the stacking velocity of the seismic waves in the target area by using the depth of the target area corresponding to the original seismic data;
the first dynamic correction processing unit is used for performing dynamic correction processing on the original seismic data according to the stacking velocity to obtain a dynamic correction result;
the sorting unit is used for sorting the dynamic correction result into a common offset gather according to a preset offset;
the selecting unit is used for selecting a time window containing the diffracted multiples in the common offset gather according to the dynamic correction result;
and the extraction unit is used for extracting the reflected wave data in the time window by utilizing a plane wave deconstruction method to obtain residual seismic data.
With reference to the second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a second possible implementation manner of the second aspect, where the motion correction processing module includes:
the second calculation unit is used for calculating the diffraction multi-time travel time by using a preset diffraction travel time calculation formula;
the second dynamic correction processing unit is used for performing dynamic correction processing on the residual seismic data according to the diffraction multi-time travel time to obtain leveling data;
and the removing unit is used for removing the diffracted multiple data by using the plane wave deconstruction method in the leveling data to obtain the residual wave field data.
With reference to the second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a third possible implementation manner of the second aspect, where the back-motion correction processing module includes:
the third calculation unit is used for calculating the time difference based on the offset distance, the stacking speed and a preset time difference calculation formula;
and the reactive correction processing unit is used for carrying out reactive correction processing on the residual wave field data according to the time difference to obtain the wave field data.
In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides an electronic device, including a memory and a processor, where the memory stores a computer program that is executable on the processor, and when the processor executes the computer program, the method according to the first aspect is implemented.
In a fourth aspect, the present invention further provides a computer-readable medium having non-volatile program code executable by a processor, where the program code causes the processor to execute the method of the first aspect.
The embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects: according to the embodiment of the invention, reflected wave data and residual seismic data which do not contain the reflected wave data are obtained by extracting the reflected wave data from original seismic data; then, performing dynamic correction processing on the residual seismic data to remove diffracted multiples and obtain leveled residual wave field data; then carrying out reverse-motion correction processing on the remaining wave field data to obtain wave field data; finally, the wave field data and the reflected wave data can be combined to obtain target seismic data after the diffracted multiples are suppressed, so that reflected multiples can be suppressed.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the reflected wave data is extracted from the original seismic data to obtain the residual seismic data (the residual seismic data contains the diffracted wave data) which does not contain the reflected wave data, and the wave field data (which is equivalent to the suppression of the diffracted multiples) which only contains the reflected multiple wave data is obtained through the dynamic correction processing and the reverse correction processing of the residual seismic data, namely, the diffracted multiples can be suppressed before the reflected multiples are suppressed, so that the completeness of the hyperbolic shape of the diffracted multiples is ensured, and the situation that the hyperbolic shape of the diffracted multiples is damaged in the process of suppressing the reflected multiples is avoided.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and claims hereof as well as the appended drawings.
In order to make the aforementioned and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, preferred embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flowchart illustrating a method for suppressing diffracted multiples according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flowchart of step S101 in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a flowchart of step S102 in FIG. 1;
fig. 4 is a structural diagram of a diffraction multi-wave pressing device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Icon: 11-an extraction module; 12-a dynamic correction processing module; 13-a reverse motion correction processing module; 14-a combination module.
Detailed Description
To make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The inventor finds that, in the existing multiple suppression technology, reflected multiples are generally suppressed first, and then some remaining multiples are processed, and the reflected multiples are suppressed, so that hyperbolic shape of the diffracted multiples is incomplete, the diffracted multiples with the damaged hyperbolic shape cannot be suppressed, and efficiency of suppressing the diffracted multiples is reduced. Based on this, the method and the device for suppressing diffracted multiples provided in the embodiments of the present invention can obtain the remaining seismic data (including the diffracted wave data) that does not include the reflected wave data by extracting the reflected wave data from the original seismic data, and obtain the wave field data (equivalent to suppress the diffracted multiples) that only includes the reflected multiple data by performing the dynamic correction processing and the reactive correction processing on the remaining seismic data, that is, the diffracted multiples can be suppressed before the reflected multiples are suppressed, so as to ensure the completeness of the hyperbolic shape of the diffracted multiples, and avoid the situation that the hyperbolic shape of the diffracted multiples is destroyed in the process of suppressing the reflected multiples.
To facilitate understanding of the present embodiment, a detailed description is first provided for a diffracted multiple suppression method disclosed in the present embodiment, and as shown in fig. 1, the diffracted multiple suppression method may include the following steps:
step S101, reflected wave data are extracted from original seismic data, and reflected wave data and residual seismic data which do not contain the reflected wave data are obtained;
in the embodiment of the invention, because the reflected wave has the characteristics of small curvature and high smoothness, the reflected wave data can be extracted by using a plane wave structure method, and finally the reflected wave data and the residual seismic data which do not contain the reflected wave data are obtained after the reflected wave data are extracted. In the embodiment of the present invention, the plane wave deconstruction filter may be used to extract the reflected wave data, and the local plane wave differential equation of the plane wave deconstruction filter may be defined as:
wherein P (t, x) represents the original seismic data; σ is the local tilt angle, which may vary in time and space.
If the tilt angle σ is time-independent, equation (1) can be converted to the frequency domain, in the form:
the frequency domain local plane wave differential equation (2), the form of the solution can be expressed as:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
for the Fourier expression of P (t, x), the complex term in the index represents the time shift. If an F-X domain prediction error filter is used, equation (3) above can be expressed as:
wherein, a0＝1,a1＝-eiωσ。
For the case of inclination changing over time, certain conclusions can be drawn from the above derivation. The plane wave propagation characteristic is that the total energy is constant in the propagation process. This characteristic is further confirmed by the complex exponential amplitude spectrum value of 1 in the frequency domain equation (4). With the Z transform, the all-pass filtering form can be expressed as:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
in the form of Z-transforms of corresponding seismic traces, B (Z)t)/B(1/Zt) For all-pass digital filters, an approximation of the time-shift term e is requirediωσ。
Through derivation based on Taylor series expansion, a central filter with any number of points can be obtained, and a three-point central filter B is used3(Zt) For example, the form is as follows:
for low frequency signals, the accuracy of the fitting filter increases with the addition of higher order terms, and for the two-dimensional case, equation (6), can be expressed as:
to avoid the case of polynomial division, the formula (7) can be modified into the following form:
C(Zt,Zx)＝A(Zt,Zx)B(1/Zt)＝B(1/Zt)-ZxB(Zt) (8)
reflected wave data C (Z)t，Zx) Conversion to C (σ), when the condition is satisfied: when C (sigma) is approximately equal to 0, the reflected wave data can be extracted, and the residual seismic data without the reflected waves can be obtained.
The original seismic data are seismic data which are acquired by a seismograph and are not processed by a digital processing technology;
the residual seismic data comprise two parts of diffraction multiple waves and residual wave field data;
the reflected wave data refers to various data related to the reflected wave, including physical quantities such as velocity, displacement, wavelength, amplitude, etc., but not limited to the information given above.
Step S102, performing dynamic correction processing on the residual seismic data to remove diffraction multiples and obtain leveled residual wave field data;
the dynamic correction processing is to flatten the diffracted multiple data to make the diffracted multiple be approximately horizontal, so as to separate the diffracted multiple and residual wave field, and facilitate the removal of the diffracted multiple by using a plane wave deconstruction method;
illustratively, a string of residual seismic data is preset to be 10, 20, 40, 41, 40, 41, 42, 41, 300, 400 and the like, the dynamic correction amount is preset to be 40, and the data after dynamic correction processing respectively correspond to-30, -20, 0, 1, 0, 1, 2, 1, 260 and 360. Obviously, "0, 1, 0, 1, 2, and 1" can be truncated in the data after the dynamic correction processing, and this section of data shows a form in which the diffracted multiples are approximately horizontal. In all examples shown and described herein, any particular value should be construed as merely exemplary, and not as a limitation, and thus other examples of example embodiments may have different values.
Step S103, carrying out reverse-motion correction processing on the remaining wave field data to obtain wave field data;
the inverse dynamic correction process is to restore the residual wave field data which has been subjected to the dynamic correction to the residual wave field data before the dynamic correction.
The step S103 may include the steps of:
calculating the time difference based on the offset distance, the stacking speed and a preset time difference calculation formula; the calculation formula of the time difference t is as follows:
in the formula, x is the distance from the detection point to the imaging center point, h is the offset distance, and v is the stacking velocity.
And performing reactive correction processing on the remaining wave field data according to the time difference to obtain wave field data. Illustratively, the seismic data are preset to 100, 120, 140 and 160, the dynamic correction amount is preset to 40, the remaining wavelength data after the dynamic correction process are 60, 80, 100 and 120, and the data are restored to 100, 120, 140 and 160 by the reverse dynamic correction according to the calculated time difference. In all examples shown and described herein, any particular value should be construed as merely exemplary, and not as a limitation, and thus other examples of example embodiments may have different values.
And step S104, combining the wave field data and the reflected wave data to obtain target seismic data after the diffraction multiples are suppressed so as to suppress the reflected multiples.
According to the embodiment of the invention, reflected wave data and residual seismic data which do not contain the reflected wave data are obtained by extracting the reflected wave data from original seismic data; then, performing dynamic correction processing on the residual seismic data to remove diffracted multiples and obtain leveled residual wave field data; then carrying out reverse-motion correction processing on the remaining wave field data to obtain wave field data; finally, the wave field data and the reflected wave data can be combined to obtain target seismic data after the diffracted multiples are suppressed, so that reflected multiples can be suppressed.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the reflected wave data is extracted from the original seismic data to obtain the residual seismic data (the residual seismic data contains the diffracted wave data) which does not contain the reflected wave data, and the wave field data (which is equivalent to the suppression of the diffracted multiples) which only contains the reflected multiple wave data is obtained through the dynamic correction processing and the reverse correction processing of the residual seismic data, namely, the diffracted multiples can be suppressed before the reflected multiples are suppressed, so that the completeness of the hyperbolic shape of the diffracted multiples is ensured, and the situation that the hyperbolic shape of the diffracted multiples is damaged in the process of suppressing the reflected multiples is avoided.
In still another embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, the step S101 may include the steps of:
step S201, calculating the stacking velocity of seismic waves in a target area by using the depth of the target area corresponding to the original seismic data;
the stacking velocity is a velocity obtained by calculating a velocity spectrum using the depth of the target region corresponding to the original seismic data.
Step S202, performing dynamic correction processing on the original seismic data according to the stacking velocity to obtain a dynamic correction result;
after the stacking velocity of the original seismic data is obtained, a reflected wave curve is drawn into a straight line parallel to an x axis through dynamic correction processing, namely, the reflected wave data is zero, and other non-zero data are dynamic correction data.
The dynamic correction processing is to form a rectangular window, which is convenient for selecting the time window of the diffracted wave.
The dynamic correction data is the leveled residual seismic data obtained after dynamic correction processing.
Step S203, sorting out a common offset gather according to the dynamic correction result and a preset offset;
the common offset gathers are gathers formed at the same offset. Illustratively, if the predetermined offsets are 1 and n, and n is a positive integer, then the common offset gathers will form two gathers offset by 1 and n.
Step S204, selecting a time window containing the diffracted multiples in the common offset gather according to the dynamic correction result;
the time window is a rectangular time window;
and S205, extracting the reflected wave data in the time window by using a plane wave deconstruction method to obtain residual seismic data.
In the embodiment of the invention, the residual seismic data without the reflected multi-wave data can be obtained by selecting the time window containing the diffracted multi-wave and extracting the transmitted multi-wave data only in the window.
In another embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 3, the step S102 may include the steps of:
step S301, calculating the multiple diffraction travel times by using a preset diffraction travel time calculation formula;
taking marine seismic data as an example, the predetermined diffraction travel time calculation formula is as follows:
in the formula, t is the diffraction multiple travel time, x is the distance from the wave detection point to the imaging central point, h is the sea bottom surface depth, and v is the sea water velocity.
Step S302, performing dynamic correction processing on the residual seismic data according to the diffraction multi-time travel time to obtain leveling data;
step S303 is to remove the diffracted multiples data from the leveling data by using the plane wave deconstruction method to obtain the remaining wave field data.
Through the embodiment of the invention, the multi-wave diffraction data can be effectively removed from the residual seismic data, and the residual wave field data can be obtained.
In yet another embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 4, the apparatus may include the following modules:
the extraction module 11 is configured to extract reflected wave data from the original seismic data to obtain reflected wave data and remaining seismic data that do not include the reflected wave data;
the dynamic correction processing module 12 is configured to perform dynamic correction processing on the residual seismic data to remove diffracted multiples and obtain leveled residual wave field data;
a reverse-motion correction processing module 13, configured to perform reverse-motion correction processing on the remaining wave field data to obtain wave field data;
and the combination module 14 is used for combining the wave field data and the reflected wave data to obtain target seismic data after the diffracted multiples are suppressed so as to suppress the reflected multiples.
The device provided by the embodiment of the present invention has the same implementation principle and technical effect as the method embodiments, and for the sake of brief description, reference may be made to the corresponding contents in the method embodiments without reference to the device embodiments.
In another embodiment of the present invention, the extraction module includes:
the first calculation unit is used for calculating the stacking velocity of the seismic waves in the target area by using the depth of the target area corresponding to the original seismic data;
the first dynamic correction processing unit is used for performing dynamic correction processing on the original seismic data according to the stacking velocity to obtain a dynamic correction result;
the sorting unit is used for sorting the dynamic correction result into a common offset gather according to a preset offset;
the selecting unit is used for selecting a time window containing the diffracted multiples in the common offset gather according to the dynamic correction result;
and the extraction unit is used for extracting the reflected wave data in the time window by utilizing a plane wave deconstruction method to obtain residual seismic data.
In another embodiment of the present invention, the dynamic correction module includes:
the second calculation unit calculates the multiple diffraction travel time by using a preset diffraction travel time calculation formula;
the second dynamic correction processing unit is used for performing dynamic correction processing on the residual seismic data according to the diffracted repeated travel time so as to remove diffracted multiples and obtain leveling data;
and the removing unit is used for removing the diffracted multiple data by using the plane wave deconstruction method in the leveling data to obtain the residual wave field data.
In yet another embodiment of the present invention, the reaction correction module includes:
the third calculation unit is used for calculating the time difference based on the offset distance, the stacking speed and a preset time difference calculation formula;
and the reactive correction processing unit is used for carrying out reactive correction processing on the residual wave field data according to the time difference to obtain the wave field data.
In another embodiment of the present invention, an electronic device is further provided, which includes a memory and a processor, where the memory stores a computer program executable on the processor, and the processor implements the steps of the method of the above method embodiment when executing the computer program.
In yet another embodiment of the invention, a computer-readable medium having non-volatile program code executable by a processor, the program code causing the processor to perform the method of the method embodiment is also provided.
The flowchart and block diagrams in the figures illustrate the architecture, functionality, and operation of possible implementations of systems, methods and computer program products according to various embodiments of the present invention. In this regard, each block in the flowchart or block diagrams may represent a module, segment, or portion of code, which comprises one or more executable instructions for implementing the specified logical function(s). It should also be noted that, in some alternative implementations, the functions noted in the block may occur out of the order noted in the figures. For example, two blocks shown in succession may, in fact, be executed substantially concurrently, or the blocks may sometimes be executed in the reverse order, depending upon the functionality involved. It will also be noted that each block of the block diagrams and/or flowchart illustration, and combinations of blocks in the block diagrams and/or flowchart illustration, can be implemented by special purpose hardware-based systems which perform the specified functions or acts, or combinations of special purpose hardware and computer instructions.
The computer program product of the diffracted multiple suppression method provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes a computer readable storage medium storing a program code, where instructions included in the program code may be used to execute the method described in the foregoing method embodiment, and specific implementation may refer to the method embodiment, which is not described herein again.
It is clear to those skilled in the art that, for convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the system and the apparatus described above may refer to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and are not described herein again.
In addition, in the description of the embodiments of the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
The functions, if implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as a stand-alone product, may be stored in a computer readable storage medium. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present invention may be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage medium and includes instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device) to execute all or part of the steps of the method according to the embodiments of the present invention. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: a U-disk, a removable hard disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk, and other various media capable of storing program codes.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above-mentioned embodiments are only specific embodiments of the present invention, which are used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that: any person skilled in the art can modify or easily conceive the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or equivalent substitutes for some technical features within the technical scope of the present disclosure; such modifications, changes or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the embodiments of the present invention, and they should be construed as being included therein. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (8)
1. A method for suppressing diffracted multiples, comprising the steps of:
extracting reflected wave data from the original seismic data to obtain reflected wave data and residual seismic data which do not contain the reflected wave data;
performing dynamic correction processing on the residual seismic data to remove diffracted multiples and obtain leveled residual wave field data;
carrying out reverse-motion correction processing on the remaining wave field data to obtain wave field data;
combining the wave field data and the reflected wave data to obtain target seismic data after the diffracted multiples are suppressed so as to suppress reflected multiples;
the method for extracting the reflected wave data from the original seismic data to obtain the reflected wave data and the residual seismic data which do not contain the reflected wave data comprises the following steps:
calculating the stacking velocity of seismic waves in a target area by using the depth of the target area corresponding to the original seismic data;
performing dynamic correction processing on the original seismic data according to the stacking velocity to obtain a dynamic correction result;
sorting out a common offset gather according to the dynamic correction result according to a preset offset;
selecting a time window containing the diffracted multiples in the common offset gather according to the dynamic correction result;
and extracting the reflected wave data in the time window by using a plane wave deconstruction method to obtain residual seismic data.
2. The method of claim 1 wherein the performing dynamic correction processing on the residual seismic data to remove diffracted multiples to obtain leveled residual wavefield data comprises:
calculating the multiple diffraction travel times by using a preset diffraction travel time calculation formula;
performing dynamic correction processing on the residual seismic data according to the diffraction multi-time travel time to obtain leveling data;
and in the leveling data, removing diffracted multiple data by using the plane wave deconstruction method to obtain the remaining wave field data.
3. A method for diffraction multiple suppression as claimed in claim 1 or claim 2 wherein said performing a back-action correction on said remaining wavefield data to obtain wavefield data comprises:
calculating the time difference based on the offset distance, the stacking speed and a preset time difference calculation formula;
and performing reactive correction processing on the remaining wave field data according to the time difference to obtain wave field data.
4. A diffractive multi-wave suppression device, comprising:
the extraction module is used for extracting reflected wave data from the original seismic data to obtain the reflected wave data and residual seismic data which do not contain the reflected wave data;
the dynamic correction processing module is used for performing dynamic correction processing on the residual seismic data to remove diffracted multiples and obtain leveled residual wave field data;
the backward motion correction processing module is used for performing backward motion correction processing on the remaining wave field data to obtain wave field data;
the combination module is used for combining the wave field data with the reflected wave data to obtain target seismic data after the diffracted multiples are suppressed so as to suppress the reflected multiples;
the extraction module comprises:
the first calculation unit is used for calculating the stacking velocity of the seismic waves in the target area by using the depth of the target area corresponding to the original seismic data;
the first dynamic correction processing unit is used for performing dynamic correction processing on the original seismic data according to the stacking velocity to obtain a dynamic correction result;
the sorting unit is used for sorting the dynamic correction result into a common offset gather according to a preset offset;
the selecting unit is used for selecting a time window containing the diffracted multiples in the common offset gather according to the dynamic correction result;
and the extraction unit is used for extracting the reflected wave data in the time window by utilizing a plane wave deconstruction method to obtain residual seismic data.
5. The diffractive multi-wave suppression device according to claim 4, wherein the dynamic correction processing module comprises:
the second calculation unit is used for calculating the diffraction multi-time travel time by using a preset diffraction travel time calculation formula;
the second dynamic correction processing unit is used for performing dynamic correction processing on the residual seismic data according to the diffraction multi-time travel time to obtain leveling data;
and the removing unit is used for removing the diffracted multiple data by using the plane wave deconstruction method in the leveling data to obtain the residual wave field data.
6. The diffractive multi-wave suppression device according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the reaction correction processing module comprises:
the third calculation unit is used for calculating the time difference based on the offset distance, the stacking speed and a preset time difference calculation formula;
and the reactive correction processing unit is used for carrying out reactive correction processing on the residual wave field data according to the time difference to obtain the wave field data.
7. An electronic device comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program operable on the processor, and wherein the processor implements the steps of the method according to any of the preceding claims 1 to 3 when executing the computer program.
8. A computer-readable medium having non-volatile program code executable by a processor, wherein the program code causes the processor to perform the method of any of claims 1-3.
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