CN108919171B - Ammeter internal fault check meter - Google Patents
Ammeter internal fault check meter Download PDFInfo
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- CN108919171B CN108919171B CN201810716482.9A CN201810716482A CN108919171B CN 108919171 B CN108919171 B CN 108919171B CN 201810716482 A CN201810716482 A CN 201810716482A CN 108919171 B CN108919171 B CN 108919171B
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Abstract
本发明属于家用电表检测装置，具体涉及一种电表内部故障校验仪；输电线包括火线和零线，被测电表包括第一电表接线端、第二电表接线端、第三电表接线端、第四电表接线端、被测表火线计量单元和被测表零线计量单元；用户负荷正常开关包括第一负荷正常开关和第二负荷正常开关，用户负荷测试开关包括第一负荷测试开关和第二负荷测试开关，校验仪包括第一校验仪接线端、第二校验仪接线端、第三校验仪接线端、第四校验仪接线端、第五校验仪接线端、第一校验仪电流计量单元、第二校验仪电流计量单元、电流发生器、第一继电器和第二继电器；结构简单，误差小，检测方便，效率高。
The invention belongs to a household electric meter detection device, and specifically relates to an internal fault calibrator of an electric meter; the transmission line includes a live wire and a neutral line, and the electric meter under test includes a first electric meter terminal, a second electric meter terminal, a third electric meter terminal, and a third electric meter terminal. Four electric meter terminals, the live line metering unit of the meter under test and the neutral line metering unit of the meter under test; the user load normal switch includes a first load normal switch and a second load normal switch, and the user load test switch includes a first load test switch and a second load normal switch. Load test switch, the calibrator includes the first calibrator terminal, the second calibrator terminal, the third calibrator terminal, the fourth calibrator terminal, the fifth calibrator terminal, the first Calibrator current measurement unit, second calibrator current measurement unit, current generator, first relay and second relay; simple structure, small error, convenient detection and high efficiency.
Description
技术领域：Technical areas:
本发明属于家用电表检测装置，具体涉及一种电表内部故障校验仪。The invention belongs to a household electric meter detection device, and specifically relates to an internal fault calibrator of the electric meter.
背景技术：Background technique:
随着社会经济发展，窃电问题越来越突出，反接、跨接、伪造铅封、使用倒表器、电能表内短接、火线串接、PVC管内短接等，窃电技术日益智能化，窃电行为更加隐蔽，让供电公司在电量上严重损失。With the development of social economy, the problem of electricity theft has become more and more prominent, such as reverse connection, cross-connection, forged lead seals, use of meter inverters, short circuits in electric energy meters, series connection of live wires, short circuits in PVC pipes, etc. Electricity theft technology is becoming increasingly intelligent. ization, electricity theft has become more covert, causing power supply companies to suffer serious losses in electricity.
电表内部故障校验仪具有模拟用电负荷输出、校验数据比对、校验数据记录等功能。电表内部故障校验仪模拟单相电能表校表台，其计量精度为0.5S级，将被测电表与校验仪的电流通道串联起来，利用串联电路电流不变的基本原理，在电流通道计量模拟负荷或是用户负荷，通过读取现场校验仪和被测电能表各自的电能计量参数，并进行比对，得到误差值，从而判断被测电能表是否计量准确。The internal fault calibrator of the electric meter has functions such as simulating electrical load output, calibration data comparison, and calibration data recording. The internal fault calibrator of the electric meter simulates a single-phase electric energy meter calibration station. Its measurement accuracy is 0.5S level. The current channels of the electric meter under test and the calibrator are connected in series. By using the basic principle that the current of the series circuit is unchanged, in the current channel To measure simulated load or user load, read the respective electric energy measurement parameters of the on-site calibrator and the electric energy meter under test, and compare them to obtain the error value, thereby determining whether the electric energy meter under test is accurate.
发明内容：Contents of the invention:
根据上述所述的缺点，本发明提供发明了一种电表内部故障校验仪，结构简单，设备构成元件体积小，携带方便，容易接入。Based on the above-mentioned shortcomings, the present invention provides an internal fault calibrator of an electric meter, which has a simple structure, small size of equipment components, easy portability and easy access.
电表内部故障校验仪包括输电线、被测电表、用户负荷、用户负荷正常开关、用户负荷测试开关、校验仪供电电源和校验仪，所述的输电线包括火线和零线，所述的被测电表包括第一电表接线端、第二电表接线端、第三电表接线端、第四电表接线端、被测表火线计量单元和被测表零线计量单元；用户负荷正常开关包括第一负荷正常开关和第二负荷正常开关，所述的用户负荷测试开关包括第一负荷测试开关和第二负荷测试开关，所述的校验仪包括第一校验仪接线端、第二校验仪接线端、第三校验仪接线端、第四校验仪接线端、第五校验仪接线端、第六校验仪接线端、第一校验仪电流计量单元、第二校验仪电流计量单元、电流发生器、第一继电器和第二继电器；所述的火线的一端与第一电表接线端的一端连接同时分别与第一继电器的一端连接和第二继电器的一端连接，所述的第一电表接线端的另一端与被测表火线计量单元的一端连接，被测表火线计量单元的另一端与第二电表接线端的一端连接，第二电流接线端的接线端与第一负荷正常开关的一端连接同时与第二校验仪接线端的一端连接，第一负荷正常开关的另一端与第一负荷测试开关的一端连接同时与用户负荷的一端连接，用户负荷的另一端与第二负荷正常开关的一端连接同时与第二负荷测试开关连接，第一负荷测试开关的另一端与第五校验仪接线端的一端连接，第二负荷测试开关的另一端与第六校验仪接线端的一端连接，第二负荷正常开关的另一端与第四电表接线端的一端连接，第四电表接线端的另一端与被测表零线计量单元的一端连接的同时与第四校验仪接线端的一端连接,其中第四校验仪接线端的另一端与第二校验仪电流计量单元的一端连接，第二校验仪电流计量单元的另一端与第六校验仪接线端的另一端连接，被测表零线计量单元的另一端与第三电表接线端的一端连接，第三电表接线端的另一端与零线相接同时与第三校验仪接线端连接；所述的第一继电器的另一端与电流发生器一端的其中一个接线端连接，第二继电器的另一端与电流发生器一端的其中的另一个接线端连接，电流发生器的另一端的其中一个接线端与第一校验仪电流计量单元的一端连接同时与第五校验仪接线端的另一端连接，其中第一校验仪电流计量单元的另一端与第二校验仪接线端的另一端连接，电流发生器的另一端的其中的另一个接线端与校验仪供电电源的一端连接同时与第三校验仪接线端的另一端连接，其中校验仪供电电源的另一端与第二继电器的另一端连接。The internal fault calibrator of the electric meter includes a transmission line, a measured electric meter, a user load, a user load normal switch, a user load test switch, a calibrator power supply and a calibrator. The transmission line includes a live wire and a neutral wire. The electric meter under test includes the first electric meter terminal, the second electric meter terminal, the third electric meter terminal, the fourth electric meter terminal, the live wire metering unit of the tested meter and the neutral line measuring unit of the tested meter; the user load normal switch includes the third electric meter terminal. A load normal switch and a second load normal switch. The user load test switch includes a first load test switch and a second load test switch. The calibrator includes a first calibrator terminal and a second calibrator. instrument terminal, third calibrator terminal, fourth calibrator terminal, fifth calibrator terminal, sixth calibrator terminal, first calibrator current measurement unit, second calibrator A current measurement unit, a current generator, a first relay and a second relay; one end of the live wire is connected to one end of the first ammeter terminal and simultaneously connected to one end of the first relay and one end of the second relay respectively, and the The other end of the first electric meter terminal is connected to one end of the live wire metering unit of the meter under test, the other end of the live wire metering unit of the meter under test is connected to one end of the second electric meter terminal, and the terminal of the second current terminal is connected to the first load normal switch. One end is connected to one end of the second calibrator terminal at the same time. The other end of the first load normal switch is connected to one end of the first load test switch and simultaneously connected to one end of the user load. The other end of the user load is connected to the second load normal switch. One end of the load test switch is connected to the second load test switch at the same time, the other end of the first load test switch is connected to one end of the fifth calibrator terminal, and the other end of the second load test switch is connected to one end of the sixth calibrator terminal. The other end of the second load normal switch is connected to one end of the fourth electric meter terminal. The other end of the fourth electric meter terminal is connected to one end of the zero line measurement unit of the meter under test and at the same time connected to one end of the fourth calibrator terminal. The fourth electric meter terminal is connected to one end of the fourth calibrator terminal. The other end of the terminal of the fourth calibrator is connected to one end of the current measurement unit of the second calibrator. The other end of the current measurement unit of the second calibrator is connected to the other end of the terminal of the sixth calibrator. The zero line of the meter under test is measured. The other end of the unit is connected to one end of the third electric meter terminal, the other end of the third electric meter terminal is connected to the neutral line and simultaneously connected to the third calibrator terminal; the other end of the first relay is connected to one end of the current generator One of the terminals is connected, the other end of the second relay is connected to the other terminal of one end of the current generator, and one of the terminals of the other end of the current generator is connected to one end of the current measurement unit of the first calibrator At the same time, it is connected to the other end of the fifth calibrator terminal, wherein the other end of the first calibrator current measurement unit is connected to the other end of the second calibrator terminal, and the other terminal of the other end of the current generator It is connected to one end of the power supply of the calibrator and at the same time connected to the other end of the terminal of the third calibrator, wherein the other end of the power supply of the calibrator is connected to the other end of the second relay.
优选的，电表内部故障校验仪为单相负荷校验。Preferably, the internal fault calibrator of the electric meter is a single-phase load calibration.
优选的，被测电表和校验仪之间采用串联的连接方式。Preferably, the electric meter under test and the calibrator are connected in series.
优选的，电表内部故障校验仪具备RS485通信功能。Preferably, the internal fault calibrator of the electric meter has RS485 communication function.
本发明结构简单，将被测电表与校验仪的电流通道串联起来，利用串联电路电流不变的基本原理，在电流通道计量模拟负荷或是用户负荷，通过读取现场校验仪和被测电能表各自的电能计量参数，并进行比对，得到误差值，从而判断被测电能表是否计量准确，误差小，检测方便，效率高。The invention has a simple structure. It connects the current channels of the electric meter under test and the calibrator in series, and uses the basic principle that the current of the series circuit is unchanged to measure the simulated load or user load in the current channel. By reading the on-site calibrator and the measured The respective electric energy measurement parameters of the electric energy meter are compared and the error value is obtained, so as to determine whether the electric energy meter under test is accurate in measurement, with small error, convenient detection and high efficiency.
附图说明：Picture description:
图1为电表内部故障校验仪电路示意图。Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the internal fault calibrator circuit of the electric meter.
图中，火线1、零线2、第一电表接线端3、第二电表接线端4、第三电表接线端5、第四电表接线端6、被测表火线计量单元7、被侧表零线计量单元8、第一负荷正常开关9、第二负荷正常开关10、用户负荷11、第一负荷测试开关12、第二负荷测试开关13、第一校验仪接线端14、第二校验仪接线端15、第三校验仪接线端16、第四校验仪接线端17、第五校验仪接线端18、第六校验仪接线端19、第一校验仪电流计量单元20、第二校验仪电流计量单元21、第一继电器22、第二继电器23、电流发生器24、校验仪供电电源25、被测电表26、校验仪27。In the figure, the live wire 1, the neutral wire 2, the first ammeter terminal 3, the second ammeter terminal 4, the third ammeter terminal 5, the fourth ammeter terminal 6, the measured meter live wire metering unit 7, and the measured meter zero Line metering unit 8, first load normal switch 9, second load normal switch 10, user load 11, first load test switch 12, second load test switch 13, first calibrator terminal 14, second calibration Instrument terminal 15, third calibrator terminal 16, fourth calibrator terminal 17, fifth calibrator terminal 18, sixth calibrator terminal 19, first calibrator current measurement unit 20 , the second calibrator current measurement unit 21, the first relay 22, the second relay 23, the current generator 24, the calibrator power supply 25, the electric meter under test 26, and the calibrator 27.
具体实施方式：Detailed ways:
如图1所示，电表内部故障校验仪为单相负荷校验，电表内部故障校验仪具备RS485通信功能。电表内部故障校验仪包括输电线、被测电表26、用户负荷11、用户负荷正常开关、用户负荷测试开关、校验仪供电电源25和校验仪27，所述的输电线包括火线1和零线2，所述的被测电表包括第一电表接线端3、第二电表接线端4、第三电表接线端5、第四电表接线端6、被测表火线计量单元7和被测表零线计量单元8；用户负荷正常开关包括第一负荷正常开关9和第二负荷正常开关10，所述的用户负荷测试开关包括第一负荷测试开关12和第二负荷测试开关13，所述的校验仪包括第一校验仪接线端14、第二校验仪接线端15、第三校验仪接线端16、第四校验仪接线端17、第五校验仪接线端18、第一校验仪电流计量单元20、第二校验仪电流计量单元21、电流发生器24、第一继电器22和第二继电器23，其中被测电表26和校验仪27之间采用串联的连接方式。As shown in Figure 1, the internal fault calibrator of the electric meter is a single-phase load calibration, and the internal fault calibrator of the electric meter has RS485 communication function. The internal fault calibrator of the electric meter includes a transmission line, a measured electric meter 26, a user load 11, a user load normal switch, a user load test switch, a calibrator power supply 25 and a calibrator 27. The transmission line includes a live wire 1 and a calibrator. Neutral line 2, the electric meter under test includes the first electric meter terminal 3, the second electric meter terminal 4, the third electric meter terminal 5, the fourth electric meter terminal 6, the live wire metering unit 7 of the electric meter under test and the electric meter under test Neutral metering unit 8; the user load normal switch includes a first load normal switch 9 and a second load normal switch 10, and the user load test switch includes a first load test switch 12 and a second load test switch 13. The calibrator includes a first calibrator terminal 14, a second calibrator terminal 15, a third calibrator terminal 16, a fourth calibrator terminal 17, a fifth calibrator terminal 18, and a third calibrator terminal 17. A calibrator current measurement unit 20, a second calibrator current measurement unit 21, a current generator 24, a first relay 22 and a second relay 23, in which the electric meter under test 26 and the calibrator 27 are connected in series. Way.
火线1的一端与第一电表接线端3的一端连接同时分别与第一继电器22的一端连接和第二继电器23的一端连接，所述的第一电表接线端3的另一端与被测表火线计量单元7的一端连接，被测表火线计量单元7的另一端与第二电表接线端4的一端连接，第二电流接线端4的接线端与第一负荷正常开关9的一端连接同时与第二校验仪接线端15的一端连接，第一负荷正常开关9的另一端与第一负荷测试开关12的一端连接同时与用户负荷11的一端连接，用户负荷11的另一端与第二负荷正常开关10的一端连接同时与第二负荷测试开关13连接，第一负荷测试开关13的另一端与第五校验仪接线端18的一端连接，第二负荷测试开关18的另一端与第六校验仪接线端19的一端连接，第二负荷正常开关10的另一端与第四电表接线端6的一端连接，第四电表接线端6的另一端与被测表零线计量单元8的一端连接的同时与第四校验仪接线端17的一端连接,其中第四校验仪接线端17的另一端与第二校验仪电流计量单元21的一端连接，第二校验仪电流计量单元21的另一端与第六校验仪接线端26的另一端连接，被测表零线计量单元8的另一端与第三电表接线端5的一端连接，第三电表接线端5的另一端与零线2相接同时与第三校验仪接线端16连接。One end of the live wire 1 is connected to one end of the first electric meter terminal 3 and simultaneously connected to one end of the first relay 22 and one end of the second relay 23. The other end of the first electric meter terminal 3 is connected to the live wire of the meter under test. One end of the metering unit 7 is connected, the other end of the live wire metering unit 7 of the meter under test is connected to one end of the second electric meter terminal 4, the terminal of the second current terminal 4 is connected to one end of the first load normal switch 9 and simultaneously with the third One end of the second calibrator terminal 15 is connected, the other end of the first load normal switch 9 is connected to one end of the first load test switch 12 and at the same time connected to one end of the user load 11, the other end of the user load 11 is connected to the second normal load One end of the switch 10 is connected to the second load test switch 13 at the same time. The other end of the first load test switch 13 is connected to one end of the fifth calibrator terminal 18. The other end of the second load test switch 18 is connected to the sixth calibrator. One end of the tester terminal 19 is connected, the other end of the second load normal switch 10 is connected to one end of the fourth electric meter terminal 6, the other end of the fourth electric meter terminal 6 is connected to one end of the zero line measurement unit 8 of the meter under test At the same time, it is connected to one end of the fourth calibrator terminal 17, and the other end of the fourth calibrator terminal 17 is connected to one end of the second calibrator current measurement unit 21. The second calibrator current measurement unit 21 The other end is connected to the other end of the sixth calibrator terminal 26, the other end of the zero line measuring unit 8 of the meter under test is connected to one end of the third electric meter terminal 5, the other end of the third electric meter terminal 5 is connected to the zero Line 2 is connected to the third calibrator terminal 16 at the same time.
第一继电器22的另一端与电流发生器24一端的其中一个接线端连接，第二继电器23的另一端与电流发生器24一端的其中的另一个接线端连接，电流发生器24的另一端的其中一个接线端与第一校验仪电流计量单元20的一端连接同时与第五校验仪接线端18的另一端连接，其中第一校验仪电流计量单元20的另一端与第二校验仪接线端15的另一端连接，电流发生器24的另一端的其中的另一个接线端与校验仪供电电源25的一端连接同时与第三校验仪接线端16的另一端连接，其中校验仪供电电源25的另一端与第二继电器23的另一端连接。The other end of the first relay 22 is connected to one terminal of one end of the current generator 24 , the other end of the second relay 23 is connected to the other terminal of one end of the current generator 24 , and the other end of the current generator 24 One of the terminals is connected to one end of the first calibrator current measurement unit 20 and at the same time connected to the other end of the fifth calibrator terminal 18 , wherein the other end of the first calibrator current measurement unit 20 is connected to the second calibrator current measurement unit 20 . The other end of the calibrator terminal 15 is connected, and the other terminal of the other end of the current generator 24 is connected to one end of the calibrator power supply 25 and at the same time connected to the other end of the third calibrator terminal 16, where the calibrator The other end of the instrument power supply 25 is connected to the other end of the second relay 23.
工作原理：电表内部故障校验仪采用模拟负荷测试方式和用户负荷测试方式两种模拟方法。Working principle: The internal fault calibrator of the electric meter adopts two simulation methods: simulated load test method and user load test method.
当采用负荷测试方式时，第一负荷正常开关9、第二负荷正常开关10、第一负荷测试开关12和第二负荷测试开关13全部断开，这样不会引入用户负荷导致测试有误。被测电表26的第一电表接线端3、第二电表接线端4、第三电表接线端5与校验仪27的第一检验仪接线端14、第二校验仪接线端15、第三校验仪接线端16一一对应相连，引入外部220V电源，校验仪27正常工作后，发送启动模拟负荷校验的指令，则系统先投入第一继电器22，再投入第二继电器23，此时电流发生器24即产生一个模拟负荷电流，模拟负荷电流在第一继电器22、电流发生器24、第一校验仪接线端14、被测表火线计量单元7之间形成回路，这样被测表火线计量单元7可进行模拟计量，校验仪27的第一校验仪接线端14也可进行模拟计量。校验仪27可得到火线计量数据，并进行误差比对。When the load test mode is adopted, the first load normal switch 9, the second load normal switch 10, the first load test switch 12 and the second load test switch 13 are all disconnected, so that user load will not be introduced to cause test errors. The first electric meter terminal 3, the second electric meter terminal 4 and the third electric meter terminal 5 of the electric meter under test 26 and the first tester terminal 14, the second calibrator terminal 15 and the third tester terminal 14 of the calibrator 27 The calibrator terminals 16 are connected one by one and an external 220V power supply is introduced. After the calibrator 27 works normally, an instruction to start the simulated load calibration is sent. The system first puts in the first relay 22 and then the second relay 23. When the current generator 24 generates a simulated load current, the simulated load current forms a loop between the first relay 22, the current generator 24, the first calibrator terminal 14, and the live wire measurement unit 7 of the meter under test, so that the measured meter The meter live line metering unit 7 can perform analog measurement, and the first calibrator terminal 14 of the calibrator 27 can also perform analog measurement. The calibrator 27 can obtain live wire measurement data and perform error comparison.
当采用用户负荷测试方式时，第一继电器22和第二继电器23不能投入，否则用户负荷处将没有回路，导致测试有误。第一负荷正常开关9和第二负荷正常开关10也不能合上，否则用户负荷11被短路，也不能正常测试。被测电表26的第一电表接线端3、第二电表接线端4、第三电表接线端5、第四电表接线端6与校验仪27的第一校验仪接线端14、第二校验仪接线端15、第三校验仪接线端16、第四校验仪接线端17一一对应相连，引入外部220V电源，校验仪27正常工作后，发送启动用户负荷校验的指令，合上用户负荷11的第一负荷测试开关12和第二负荷测试开关13，则火线电流在被测表火线计量单元7、第一校验仪电流计量单元20、用户负荷11、第二校验仪电流计量单元21、被测表零线计量单元8之间形成回路，此时零线2电流实际也等于火线1电流，这样被测表火线计量单元7、被测表零线计量单元8都可进行用户负荷11计量，校验仪27的第一校验仪电流计量单元20、第二校验仪电流计量单元21也可进行用户负荷11计量。校验仪27可同时得到火线1和零线2的计量数据，并进行误差比对。When the user load test mode is adopted, the first relay 22 and the second relay 23 cannot be put into operation, otherwise there will be no loop at the user load, resulting in test errors. The first load normal switch 9 and the second load normal switch 10 cannot be closed, otherwise the user load 11 will be short-circuited and normal testing will not be possible. The first electric meter terminal 3, the second electric meter terminal 4, the third electric meter terminal 5 and the fourth electric meter terminal 6 of the electric meter under test 26 and the first calibrator terminal 14 and the second calibrator terminal 14 of the calibrator 27. The calibrator terminal 15, the third calibrator terminal 16, and the fourth calibrator terminal 17 are connected one by one, and an external 220V power supply is introduced. After the calibrator 27 works normally, it sends an instruction to start user load calibration. When the first load test switch 12 and the second load test switch 13 of the user load 11 are closed, the live wire current will flow through the live wire metering unit 7 of the meter under test, the first calibrator current metering unit 20, the user load 11, and the second calibration meter. A loop is formed between the current measuring unit 21 of the meter and the neutral line metering unit 8 of the meter under test. At this time, the current of neutral line 2 is actually equal to the current of live wire 1. In this way, the live line metering unit 7 of the meter under test and the neutral line metering unit 8 of the meter under test are both The user load 11 can be measured, and the first calibrator current measurement unit 20 and the second calibrator current measurement unit 21 of the calibrator 27 can also measure the user load 11 . The calibrator 27 can simultaneously obtain the measurement data of the live line 1 and the neutral line 2, and perform error comparison.
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