CN108918578A - A kind of Heat Tolerance of Wheat Cultivars brief appraisal method - Google Patents
A kind of Heat Tolerance of Wheat Cultivars brief appraisal method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108918578A CN108918578A CN201810720656.9A CN201810720656A CN108918578A CN 108918578 A CN108918578 A CN 108918578A CN 201810720656 A CN201810720656 A CN 201810720656A CN 108918578 A CN108918578 A CN 108918578A
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N25/00—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of Heat Tolerance of Wheat Cultivars brief appraisal method, including field planting, high-temperature process of puing up a shed, plant forms are observed and recorded, the measurement of normalized differential vegetation index value, Evaluation of Heat Tolerance and etc..The decline of normalized differential vegetation index value is significant after high-temperature process, poor heat resistance；The decline of normalized differential vegetation index value is not significant after high-temperature process, heat-resist.The present invention is Heat-tolerant index using normalized differential vegetation index value, is provided fundamental basis for wheat stable producting cultivation technique and its breed breeding.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the degeneration-resistant physiological fields of wheat, and in particular to a kind of Heat Tolerance of Wheat Cultivars brief appraisal method.
Background technique
Wheat is that whole world distribution is most wide, and cultivated area is maximum, the highest cereal crops of total output.Wheat is also for I
The third-largest cereal crops of state, the rich of yield are owed to directly affect living standards of the people and national food security.On 250 days left sides of wheat
In right breeding time, abiotic stress is the main reason for causing wheat yield to reduce, wherein high temperature stress, after especially giving birth to
The high temperature of phase seriously affects yield and quality of wheat.Through often meeting with 32 DEG C or more of high temperature after wheat flower, exactly wheat at this time
The critical period that yield and quality is formed.High temperature stress declines Wheat Photosynthesis ability, and plant aging accelerates, grouting time contracting
Short, grain substantially reduces again.Hot conditions are also to induce one of the principal element of hot dry wind.Huang-Huai-Hai wheat main product in China
Area, hot dry wind weather often occur in the initial stage of wheat grain filling, mid-term and later period, seriously affect the yield and product of wheat
Matter.It is reported that global mean temperature will 1.8 DEG C of increase-compared with the mean temperature between 1980~2000 by 2100
4.0℃.Under the background that global environment temperature constantly increases, the frequency that Wheat in Grain Filling Stage meets with high temperature stress will also become in rising
Gesture, high temperature stress will also become increasingly apparent and prominent to the direct harm of wheat.Although forefathers are about high temperature stress to wheat
The influence research of yield is more, but different heat resistance wheat breed form and yield to the Research on differences of the response of high temperature very
It is few.
Forefathers study reaction of the wheat to high temperature stress, and carry out heat resistance screening and evaluation, take many research sides
Wheat chlorophyll change in fluorescence, cell leakage variation, canopy surface temperature change physiological and biochemical index after method, such as high temperature stress；
The heat susceptibility index or heat injury index calculated according to mass of 1000 kernel and bulk density；It is calculated according to wheat flag leaf functional period and mass of 1000 kernel xeothermic
The degeneration-resistant index of wind and degeneration-resistant coefficient etc..However many researchers only pay attention to heat resistance when carrying out Heat Tolerance of Wheat Cultivars screening with evaluation
And ignore yield, or since test method is only limitted to experimental determination etc., evaluation do not unify still at present, simple and easy
Heat Tolerance of Wheat Cultivars index method.
Therefore, it is necessary to take into account wheat breed heat resistance and yielding ability, simple and easy scientific verification and evaluation side are provided
Method ensures wheat stable producting yielding ability.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is that take into account wheat breed heat resistance and yielding ability, a kind of simple and easy resistance to comment warmly is provided
Valence method.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions above-mentioned purpose：
The present invention provides a kind of Heat Tolerance of Wheat Cultivars brief appraisal methods, include the following steps：
Step1. field planting, high-temperature process of puing up a shed
The wheat breed of field planting test；The method for taking field to put up a shed carries out high-temperature process, with the crop field cell that do not put up a shed
As control；Field automatic weather station records controlled temperature；High-temperature process period is Post flowering 12-14 days, i.e. wheat grain filling
Initial stage builds vinyl house, uniform three thermometers of suspension at 50cm above each cell canopy, and daily 8:00-20:00 every 2
A hour investigation records cell temperature；Two upper lateral part of greenhouse symmetrically reserves the wicket of several 30cm × 30cm, to guarantee in canopy
Good ventilation state；Fertilizer and water management is the same as normal crop field；It is each it is small divide into two parts, a part of material be used as data determination and
Sampling analysis is surveyed when another part maturation and is produced；
Step2. plant forms observe and record
Observed and recorded after high-temperature process processing with compare the shape and color change of internode under blade, fringe portion, fringe；
Step3. normalized differential vegetation index value measures
Normalized differential vegetation index value, sensor and winter were measured using GreenSeeker Handheld spectrometer in after treatment three days
Wheat canopy keeping parallelism obtains 3 groups of numbers along the direction Mai Long acquisition normalized differential vegetation index value apart from 60 cm of ground level
According to every cell fixes 3 groups of measurement regions；
Step4. Evaluation of Heat Tolerance standard
The decline of normalized differential vegetation index value is significant after high-temperature process, poor heat resistance；
The decline of normalized differential vegetation index value is not significant after high-temperature process, heat-resist.
Heat Tolerance of Wheat Cultivars brief appraisal method provided by the invention can be in the application in wheat stable producting cultivation technique.
The Heat Tolerance of Wheat Cultivars brief appraisal method that invention provides can be in the application in wheat heat resistant variety breeding.
Beneficial effect is：The present invention wheat breed different using heat resistance（System）It is first by being in the milk for research object
Phase carries out high-temperature process, discloses high temperature to influence and its physiological foundation of different heat resistance wheat forms and yield composition, utilizes
Normalized differential vegetation index value is Heat-tolerant index, is provided fundamental basis for wheat stable producting cultivation technique and its breed breeding.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is influence of the high temperature stress to winter wheat cultivars plant forms.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
No.1. materials and methods
No.1.1 experimental design
It tests and is carried out in 2011- year in 2013 in Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences Jinan experimental plot.Material to be tested is Jimai 22
（JM22）With 056852 strain（056852）（Crop Inst. of shandong Prov. Agriculture science Academy's breeding）, new wheat 26（XM26, Henan Province
The breeding of Academy of Agricultural Sciences of Xinxiang City）With Gaocheng 8901（GC8901, Gaocheng City in Hebei Province Institute of agricultural sciences breeding）.Take field
Between the method put up a shed carry out high-temperature process (Str), using the crop field cell do not put up a shed as compareing (CK), field automatic weather station
（CM10l Campbell Scientific, Lo.gan, UT, USA）Record controlled temperature.High-temperature process period is Post flowering
12-14 days, i.e. the initial stage of wheat grain filling builds vinyl house, and greenhouse makees framework, the thickness of plastic film using white paint iron skeleton
Degree is 70 μm, light transmittance 92.7%, and the place 50cm uniformly hangs three thermometers above each cell canopy, daily 8:00-
20:00 every 2 hour investigation records cell temperature.
Experimental plot and high temperature temperature of shed table during table 1 2012 years scaffoldings
Experimental plot and high temperature temperature of shed table during table 2 2013 years scaffoldings
Two upper lateral part of greenhouse symmetrically reserves the wicket of several 30cm × 30cm, to guarantee good ventilation state in canopy.High temperature
During processing, processing is as shown in Table 1 and Table 2 with the temperature for compareing field, and 2012 and three days 2013 temperature on average difference are other
It is：10.48 DEG C, 9.71 DEG C, 9.84 DEG C and 10.65 DEG C, 8.99 DEG C, 9.96 DEG C.The plot area m of 1.5 m × 9, Basic Seedling 11
Ten thousand, line-spacing 25cm.Completely random arrangement, repeats three times.Fertilizer and water management is the same as normal crop field.It is each it is small divide into two parts, one
Point material is used as data determination and sampling analysis, and when another part maturation, which surveys, to be produced.
No.1.2 measurement item and method
No.1.2.1 plant forms observe and record
Observed and recorded after high-temperature process processing with compare the shape and color change of internode under blade, fringe portion, fringe.
The measuring chlorophyll content of No.1.2.2 blade and fringe portion
Claim internode, base portion third small ear and each 0.5 g of boot leaf sheath or so under boot leaf, fringe, is put into 1：1 dehydrated alcohol and acetone
In mixed extract, sufficiently extracts under room temperature, dark condition more than 24 h, light absorption value is measured at 663,645 and 470 nm,
Chlorophyll content is according to Arnon（1949）Formula calculate.
No.1.2.3 normalized differential vegetation index（NDVI）Value measurement
Use GreenSeeker Handheld spectrometer within after treatment three days（NTech company of the U.S.）Measure NDVI value, sensing
Device and canopy of winter wheat keeping parallelism obtain 3 groups of data along the direction Mai Long acquisition NDVI value apart from 60 cm of ground level.
Every cell fixes 3 groups of measurement regions.
No.1.2.4 grain hardness and diameter test
Using 4100 type single grain hardness testers（PERTEN company of Sweden）Measurement.Each processing measures 300 seeds, is averaged
Value, the grain hardness average hardness exponential representation of sample.Seed diameter takes the widest part to measure with vernier caliper, and each processing is surveyed
Fixed 50 seeds, are averaged.
The measurement of the filling rate of No.1.2.5 wheat seed
Florescence, which takes away, spends consistent wheat list stem to mark, and blooms to the maturity period and took 5 fringe of small ear of label every 5 days, 105 DEG C are killed
10 min of blueness, 70 DEG C dry to constant weight, and claim Seed weight, the measurement for kernel grouting rate.The weight gain dynamic of seed is referring to Lee
Generation is clear（2003）Method, use multinomial equation y=c+b three times1t+b2t2+ b3 t3It is simulated, wherein b1、b2、b3It is basis
Really permanent number, y represent grain weight to kind difference, and rear number of days is spent in t representative.And it derives as t=- b2/3b 3Maximum filling rate
Vmax= b1-b2 2/3b3, maximum filling rate duration dVmax= -2（b2 2-3b3b1）1/2 /3b3。
The analysis of No.1.3 data
Because the test result trend in two year of 2011-2013 is almost the same.Using SPSS19.0（Statistical Package
for the Social Science）Software carries out variance analysis and Multiple range test to test data（LSD method）, use
The mapping of 10.0 software of SigmaPlot.
No.2. result and analysis
Influence of the No.2.1 high temperature stress to Wheat Cultivars plant forms
Fig. 1 is influence of the high temperature stress to winter wheat cultivars plant forms.
Influence of the No.2.2 Early filling stage high temperature to different cultivars wheat canopy chlorophyll content
The wheat canopy chlorophyll content decline of all kinds after high temperature stress（Table 3）.Each photosynthetic organs of canopy it was found that, fringe
The chlorophyll content in portion is influenced by high temperature stress, and variation is maximum, XM26 and GC8901 fringe portion photosynthetic pigments decline 12.10% respectively
With the decline of 10.73%, JM22 and 056,852 5.29% and 1.95%；The Contents of Photosynthetic Pigments of internode declines minimum under fringe, and variation is maximum
XM26 and GC8901 decline 5.65% and 7.18%, JM22 and 056852 variation it is smaller, respectively 0.61% and 3.13%；Boot leaf and
The Contents of Photosynthetic Pigments variation of boot leaf sheath occupy under fringe portion and fringe between internode.Compared between kind, with 056852 blade, fringe portion,
Internode under fringe, the processing of boot leaf sheath with compare between change minimum, only boot leaf sheath significant, other canopy photosynthesis that handle contrast difference
Organ processing is not significant with contrast difference.Each photosynthetic organs processing of XM26 and GC8901 canopy reaches significantly with the difference compareed,
And it is also to change greatly in all kinds that it, which changes,.The photosynthetic pigments of each photosynthetic organs processing of JM22 canopy are compared with the control
There was no significant difference.
Canopy difference photosynthetic organs chlorophyll declines percentage after 3 high temperature stress of table
Influence of the No.2.3 Early filling stage high temperature stress to Wheat Cultivars normalized differential vegetation index
The continuous three days high temperature stress of Early filling stage reduce the normalized differential vegetation index of wheat（Table 4）, but different cultivars shadow
The degree of sound is different.Wherein, XM26 and GC8901 normalized differential vegetation index relatively control reduces significant difference, and relatively control reduces respectively
9.66% and 10.28%, and JM22 and 056852 strain decline 4.45% and 2.53% respectively, handle and compare no significant difference.With
The propulsion of growing process, until when grouting latter stage May 29, processing becomes extremely significant with the difference compareed, and XM26 with
GC8901 the processing of two kinds be substantially less than JM22 and 056852 strain with NDVI value compare, until when June 2 harvested preceding this
Kind phenomenon is more obvious.This is because environment temperature is higher and higher since late May, the early ageing of thermo-labile kind has been accelerated,
The control of the poor kind of heat resistance is also due to ambient temperature increases and tends to be mature, so that processing is not shown with contrast difference
It writes.
Group's NDVI value changes after 4 high temperature stress of table
Influence of the No.2.4 high temperature stress to different heat resistance wheat grain yields
Influence of 5 high temperature stress of table to different heat resistant variety mass of 1000 kernel and yield
Note：Data are duplicate average value three times in table.Upper and lower case letter respectively indicates significant difference（p < 0.05）It is extremely aobvious
It writes（p < 0.01）
Early filling stage high temperature stress significantly reduces the mass of 1000 kernel of wheat, to cause the reduction of yield（Such as table 5）.With compare
It compares, XM26 and GC8901 grain yield is distinguished the underproduction 11.43% and 10.05% by high temperature stress, and difference is extremely significant.And JM22
It is small with the amplitude of the 056852 strain underproduction, respectively 6.41% and 6.93%, significant difference.
No.3 conclusion
Forefathers are studies have shown that mass of 1000 kernel can be used as the simple index of heat-resisting screening.And the heat as the heat-resisting evaluation index of crop
Feel index, and weighs with the performance of the heat stress of yield the sensibility for reflecting crop to heat stress from grain.This test discovery,
The high-temperature process of Early filling stage for three days on end, by making four tested variety JM22,056852, XM26 and GC8901 kernel grouting
Characteristic changing and make grain weight and yield change., JM22 and 056852 Grain-filling period than control reduce 1.4 days respectively and
0.8 day, XM26 and GC8901 reduced by 2.4 days and 3.0 days respectively.Kernel grouting increase fastly the phase filling rate reduce, XM26 and
The time that GC8901 is influenced by heat stress is earlier than JM22 and 056852.JM22,056852, GC8901 and XM26 maximum grouting speed
Rate decline 29.41%, 35.29% respectively under, 5.56% and 10.53%.Grain reduces again to match with Grain Morphology variation.High temperature stress
The decline of post-grouting substance circularity causes grain plumpness to decline, and seed diameter is reduced, and stiffness increases.Thus may determine that
JM22 and 056852 is heat resistant variety, and XM26 and GC8901 are thermo-labile kind.
The study find that different heat-resisting wheat plant canopy yellow chlorosis, canopy leaf and n omicronn-leaf after High Temperature during Grain Filling stress
The chlorophyll content of photosynthetic organs reduces.Between kind it was found that, under GC8901 and XM26 canopy leaf and n omicronn-leaf chlorophyll content
Drop is greater than JM22 and 056852.Normalized differential vegetation index can be with lossless quick estimation crop canopies chlorophyll content, this test
The normalized differential vegetation index of wheat population reduces after high temperature stress, it was confirmed that canopy chlorophyll content reduces, leaf area index
It reduces.JM22 and the decline of 056852 strain vegetation index after high temperature stress, but difference is not significant, and XM26 and GC8901 processing with
Compare normalized differential vegetation index significant difference.
This result of study shows that influences of plant crown chlorophyll content can be used as the evaluation index of Heat Tolerance of Wheat Cultivars screening.?
When carrying out Evaluation of Heat Tolerance, kind should be comprehensively considered（System）Heat resistance and yielding ability, XM26 and GC8901 heat resistance in this research
Poor, yield is relatively low；Although 056852 strain heat resistance is preferable, yield is general；JM22 heat resistance is preferable, yield performance
It is preferably also.
The basic principles, main features and advantages of the invention have been shown and described above.The technical staff of the industry should
Understand, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and the above embodiments and description only describe originals of the invention
Reason, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, various changes and improvements may be made to the invention, these changes and improvements
It all fall within the protetion scope of the claimed invention.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of Heat Tolerance of Wheat Cultivars brief appraisal method, includes the following steps：
Step1. field planting, high-temperature process of puing up a shed
The wheat breed of field planting test；The method for taking field to put up a shed carries out high-temperature process, with the crop field cell that do not put up a shed
As control；Field automatic weather station records controlled temperature；High-temperature process period is Post flowering 12-14 days, i.e. wheat grain filling
Initial stage builds vinyl house, uniform three thermometers of suspension at 50cm above each cell canopy, and daily 8:00-20:00 every 2
A hour investigation records cell temperature；Two upper lateral part of greenhouse symmetrically reserves the wicket of several 30cm × 30cm, to guarantee in canopy
Good ventilation state；Fertilizer and water management is the same as normal crop field；It is each it is small divide into two parts, a part of material be used as data determination and
Sampling analysis is surveyed when another part maturation and is produced；
Step2. plant forms observe and record
Observed and recorded after high-temperature process processing with compare the shape and color change of internode under blade, fringe portion, fringe；
Step3. normalized differential vegetation index value measures
Normalized differential vegetation index value, sensor and winter were measured using GreenSeeker Handheld spectrometer in after treatment three days
Wheat canopy keeping parallelism obtains 3 groups of numbers along the direction Mai Long acquisition normalized differential vegetation index value apart from 60 cm of ground level
According to every cell fixes 3 groups of measurement regions；
Step4. Evaluation of Heat Tolerance standard
The decline of normalized differential vegetation index value is significant after high-temperature process, poor heat resistance；
The decline of normalized differential vegetation index value is not significant after high-temperature process, heat-resist.
2. a kind of Heat Tolerance of Wheat Cultivars brief appraisal method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The Heat Tolerance of Wheat Cultivars
Application of the brief appraisal method in wheat stable producting cultivation technique.
3. a kind of Heat Tolerance of Wheat Cultivars brief appraisal method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The Heat Tolerance of Wheat Cultivars
Application of the brief appraisal method in wheat heat resistant variety breeding.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110108743A (en) * | 2019-05-08 | 2019-08-09 | 河北省农林科学院旱作农业研究所 | A kind of method of winter wheat heat resistance Rapid identification |
| CN112616587A (en) * | 2020-12-21 | 2021-04-09 | 河北省农林科学院旱作农业研究所 | Method for selecting heat-resistant wheat variety by using grain weight heat-resistant index |
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| CN107873433A (en) * | 2017-10-27 | 2018-04-06 | 西北农林科技大学 | A kind of authentication method of wheat leaf blade high temperature stress resistance |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
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| 姜春明: "《不同耐热性小麦品种产量和品质的形成对高温胁迫的响应》", 《中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库 农业科技辑》 * |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110108743A (en) * | 2019-05-08 | 2019-08-09 | 河北省农林科学院旱作农业研究所 | A kind of method of winter wheat heat resistance Rapid identification |
| CN112616587A (en) * | 2020-12-21 | 2021-04-09 | 河北省农林科学院旱作农业研究所 | Method for selecting heat-resistant wheat variety by using grain weight heat-resistant index |
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