CN108918511A - A kind of detection method of nitrite - Google Patents
A kind of detection method of nitrite Download PDFInfo
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- CN108918511A CN108918511A CN201810491841.5A CN201810491841A CN108918511A CN 108918511 A CN108918511 A CN 108918511A CN 201810491841 A CN201810491841 A CN 201810491841A CN 108918511 A CN108918511 A CN 108918511A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/75—Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated
- G01N21/77—Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated by observing the effect on a chemical indicator
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of detection methods of nitrite, belong to field of detection of food safety, solve the problems, such as that existing detection method accuracy is low, error is big.Technical points are as follows:Using potassium ferrocyanide solution and acetic acid zinc solution by the protein precipitation in meat sample, nitrite in boiling waterbath meat sample, obtain suspension, it adds organic solvent mechanical shaking extraction and obtains leaching liquor, due to sodium nitrite slightly soluble or the organic solvent cannot be dissolved in, fat can be dissolved in the organic solvent, to which fat be separated from suspension, leaching liquor is after filtering, reagent is added and chromogenic reaction occurs for nitrite, in conjunction with colorimetric card colorimetric, test result can be quickly obtained;Since pre-treatment eliminates fat, fat is avoided to influence colorimetric, accuracy is high, error is small.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of food safety detection, more specifically, it relates to a kind of detection side of nitrite
Method.
Background technique
Nitrite, the general name of a kind of inorganic compound.Sodium nitrite is referred mainly to, sodium nitrite is white to yellowish toner
End or graininess, taste is micro- salty, soluble easily in water.With toxicity, strong pathogenic, long-term intake can lead to cancer.And nitrite is normal
As color stabilizer, preservative in food;The pollutions such as a large amount of chemical fertilizer, fuel combustion and people and animals' waste make air, soil,
Blazon sub- slightly hydrochlorate in water and plant, the nitrite being widely present in nature can be by milcher and with approach such as water
Contaminated food.Since the appearance of sub- slightly hydrochlorate and salt is much like, it is mistaken as salt sometimes and is added in food, to draw
Play food poisoning.In addition, can also generate nitrous acid in the manufacturing process of the pickling group food such as pickle, in leftovers storage
Salt.
Although the method for nitrite detection is more, such as the methods of chemical analysis, Optical Analysis Method, chromatography
Have the characteristics that one it is common, exactly require to use large-scale instrument, and analysis time is longer.Extraction sample is generally required, is sent
Special laboratory is gone back to, by complicated pre-treatment, is detected with large-scale laboratory apparatus.Test process needs one to two days
Testing result can be just obtained, detection time is long.
Nitrite in a kind of processing meat product is disclosed in the Chinese invention patent of Publication No. CN106370649A to contain
Amount whether exceeded rapid detection method, include the following steps:1) aminobenzenesulfonic acid 0.1g-0.5g is weighed, 15-25%v/ is added
V hydrochloric acid solution 50mL is mixed;2) hydrochloride naphthodiamide 0.05-0.15g is weighed, 50mL water is added, is mixed;3) sample to be tested is cut
It is broken, suitable quantity of water is added, stirs evenly, draws supernatant liquid and analyte sample fluid is obtained by filtration;4) in step 3) analyte sample fluid
Instill the solution that a few drop steps 1) obtain;The solution that a few drop steps 2) obtain is instilled again, is shaken up, is observed color after 1 minute.
Although not needed in above-mentioned patent using complicated instrument, detection time shortens, due to containing in meat products
Fat, animal tallow be it is flaxen, will affect testing result, do not adopt an effective measure in above-mentioned patent and remove fat, cause
Accuracy in detection is low, error is big, is urgent problem so establishing simple and quick and relatively accurate detection method.
Summary of the invention
In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention intends to provide a kind of detection method of nitrite, lead to
It crosses pre-treatment and removes fat, quickly detected in conjunction with colorimetric card, to solve the above problems, the fast, accuracy with detection speed
Advantage high, error is small.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides following technical solutions:
A kind of detection method of nitrite, includes the following steps:
Meat sample is shredded, is placed in a beaker by step 1, and borax saturated solution is added, stirs evenly, with 70 DEG C of water by sample
It washes in volumetric flask, 10-15min is heated in boiling water bath, is cooled to room temperature after taking-up, be added while rotating volumetric flask ferrous
Potassium cyanide solution shakes up, and adds acetic acid zinc solution, by protein precipitation, obtains suspension;
Step 2, suspension is added in reaction flask, and organic solvent extraction, sodium nitrite slightly soluble or cannot are added into reaction flask
It is dissolved in the organic solvent, fat can be dissolved in the organic solvent, and oscillation is layered the solution left standstill in reaction flask, removes
Organic phase is gone, leaching liquor is obtained;
Step 3 filters leaching liquor, removes solid content, and filtrate is spare;
Step 4 draws filtrate in band plug colorimetric cylinder, p-aminobenzene sulfonic acid solution is added, mixes, is added after standing 3-5min
Hydrochloride naphthodiamide solution mixes, obtains test result with nitrite colorimetric card colorimetric.
By using above-mentioned technical proposal, this method uses potassium ferrocyanide solution and acetic acid zinc solution by meat sample first
Protein precipitation in product, boiling water bath are conducive to extract the nitrite in sample, obtain suspension, add organic solvent vibration
It swings extraction and obtains leaching liquor, due to sodium nitrite slightly soluble or the organic solvent cannot be dissolved in, fat, which can be dissolved in, described to be had
Solvent, so that fat be separated from suspension, leaching liquor after filtering, is added reagent and colour developing occurs for nitrite instead
It answers, in conjunction with colorimetric card colorimetric, can quickly obtain test result;Since pre-treatment eliminates fat, fat is avoided to influence ratio
Color, accuracy is high, error is small.
Further preferably, any one of the organic solvent in the step 2 in methanol, ethyl alcohol, ether.
By using above-mentioned technical proposal, nitrite is soluble easily in water, and is slightly soluble in above-mentioned three kinds of organic solvents, and fatty
Above-mentioned three kinds of organic solvents are soluble in, using the dissolubility of fat and nitrite, fat is separated from suspension.
Further preferably, the volume ratio of the suspension in the step 2 and organic solvent is 1:0.6-0.8.
By using above-mentioned technical proposal, since nitrite is slightly soluble in organic solvent, organic solvent additional amount is too many, few
Amount nitrite can be dissolved in organic solvent and be removed, and influence testing result, organic solvent additional amount is very little, it is difficult to by meat sample
Fat in product completely removes, and therefore, the volume ratio of suspension and organic solvent is preferably 1:0.6-0.8.
Further preferably, 3-5min is vibrated using ultrasonic oscillator in the step 2.
By using above-mentioned technical proposal, suspension is uniformly mixed with organic solvent after oscillation, and make fatty abundant
It is dissolved in organic solvent, quick separating fat.
Further preferably, membrane filtration is used in the step 3, the aperture of filter membrane is 25-30 microns.
By using above-mentioned technical proposal, the aperture of filter membrane is reasonably selected, meat particle can be quickly filtered to remove, also can
The molecule entered in filtrate is reduced to a certain extent, obtains more clear filtrate.
Further preferably, volume is added in the p-aminobenzene sulfonic acid solution in the step 4 and hydrochloride naphthodiamide solution
Than being 4:1-2.
By using above-mentioned technical proposal, under mild acid conditions after nitrite and p-aminobenzene sulfonic acid diazotising, then with
Hydrochloride naphthodiamide is coupled to form aubergine dyestuff, is conducive to fully reacting.
Further preferably, 3mL p-aminobenzene sulfonic acid solution is added in the step 4 in every 40mL filtrate.
By using above-mentioned technical proposal, be conducive to carry out chromogenic reaction.
Further preferably, the partial size in the step 1 after the chopping of meat sample is 1-1.5mm.
By using above-mentioned technical proposal, meat sample is shredded to 1-1.5mm, is conducive to sufficiently extract nitrite.
Wherein, the preparation method of agents useful for same is as follows in the present invention:
1. potassium ferrocyanide solution:106.0g potassium ferrocyanide is weighed, is dissolved with water, and is diluted to 1000mL;
2. acetic acid zinc solution:220.0g zinc acetate is weighed, adds 30mL glacial acetic acid to be dissolved in water, and be diluted to 1000mL;
3. borax saturated solution:5.0g Boratex is weighed, is dissolved in 100mL hot water, it is spare after cooling;
4. p-aminobenzene sulfonic acid solution:0.4g p-aminobenzene sulfonic acid is weighed, is dissolved in 20% hydrochloric acid of 100mL, is placed in brown bottle
Middle mixing, is kept in dark place;
5. hydrochloride naphthodiamide solution:0.2g hydrochloride naphthodiamide is weighed, is dissolved in 100mL water, is placed in brown bottle and mixes, keep away
Light saves.
In conclusion compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
(1) present invention removes protein and fat using simple pre-treatment step and can obtain in conjunction in conjunction with colorimetric card colorimetric
To test result, it is fast to detect speed;
(2) present invention using fat and nitrite dissolubility, using organic solvents such as methanol, ethyl alcohol, ether, by fat from
It is separated in suspension, nitrite is soluble in water, and fat is avoided to influence colorimetric, and accuracy is high, error is small.
Specific embodiment
Below with reference to embodiment, the present invention will be described in detail.
Embodiment 1:A kind of detection method of nitrite, includes the following steps:
Step 1 shreds 5g meat sample, and the partial size after chopping is 1mm, is placed in 50mL beaker, and it is full that 12.5mL borax is added
And liquid, it stirs evenly, sample is washed in 500mL volumetric flask with 70 DEG C of 300mL water, 10min is heated in boiling water bath, take out
After be cooled to room temperature, rotate volumetric flask while be added 5mL potassium ferrocyanide solution, shake up, add 5mL acetic acid zinc solution,
By protein precipitation, suspension is obtained;
Suspension is added in reaction flask step 2, and organic solvent extraction is added into reaction flask, and organic solvent is methanol, is hanged
The volume ratio of supernatant liquid and organic solvent is 1:0.6,3min is vibrated using ultrasonic oscillator, makes the solution left standstill point in reaction flask
Layer removes organic phase, obtains leaching liquor;
Step 3, by leaching liquor by membrane filtration, the aperture of filter membrane is 25 microns, removes solid content, filtrate is spare;
Step 4 draws 40mL filtrate in band plug colorimetric cylinder, 3mL p-aminobenzene sulfonic acid solution is added, mixes, after standing 3min
Hydrochloride naphthodiamide solution is added, it is 4 that volume ratio, which is added, in p-aminobenzene sulfonic acid solution and hydrochloride naphthodiamide solution:1, it mixes,
Test result is obtained with nitrite colorimetric card colorimetric.
Embodiment 2:A kind of detection method of nitrite, difference from example 1 is that, it is organic molten in step 2
Agent replaces with ethyl alcohol.
Embodiment 3:A kind of detection method of nitrite, difference from example 1 is that, it is organic molten in step 2
Agent replaces with ether.
Embodiment 4:A kind of detection method of nitrite, difference from example 1 is that, the suspension in step 2
The volume ratio of liquid and organic solvent is 1:0.7.
Embodiment 5:A kind of detection method of nitrite, difference from example 1 is that, the suspension in step 2
The volume ratio of liquid and organic solvent is 1:0.8.
Embodiment 6:A kind of detection method of nitrite, difference from example 1 is that, using super in step 2
Acoustic wave oscillator vibrates 4min.
Embodiment 7:A kind of detection method of nitrite, difference from example 1 is that, using super in step 2
Acoustic wave oscillator vibrates 5min.
Embodiment 8:A kind of detection method of nitrite, difference from example 1 is that, the filter membrane in step 3
Aperture be 28 microns.
Embodiment 9:A kind of detection method of nitrite, difference from example 1 is that, the filter membrane in step 3
Aperture be 30 microns.
Embodiment 10:A kind of detection method of nitrite, difference from example 1 is that, pair in step 4
It is 4 that volume ratio, which is added, in amino phenyl sulfonyl acid solution and hydrochloride naphthodiamide solution:1.5.
Embodiment 11:A kind of detection method of nitrite, difference from example 1 is that, pair in step 4
It is 4 that volume ratio, which is added, in amino phenyl sulfonyl acid solution and hydrochloride naphthodiamide solution:2.
Embodiment 12:A kind of detection method of nitrite, difference from example 1 is that, meat in step 1
Partial size after sample chopping is 1.3mm.
Embodiment 13:A kind of detection method of nitrite, difference from example 1 is that, meat in step 1
Partial size after sample chopping is 1.5mm.
Embodiment 14:A kind of detection method of nitrite, includes the following steps:
Step 1 shreds 5g meat sample, and the partial size after chopping is 1mm, is placed in 50mL beaker, and it is full that 12.5mL borax is added
And liquid, it stirs evenly, sample is washed in 500mL volumetric flask with 70 DEG C of 300mL water, 15min is heated in boiling water bath, take out
After be cooled to room temperature, rotate volumetric flask while be added 5mL potassium ferrocyanide solution, shake up, add 5mL acetic acid zinc solution,
By protein precipitation, suspension is obtained;
Suspension is added in reaction flask step 2, and organic solvent extraction is added into reaction flask, and organic solvent is methanol, is hanged
The volume ratio of supernatant liquid and organic solvent is 1:0.6,3min is vibrated using ultrasonic oscillator, makes the solution left standstill point in reaction flask
Layer removes organic phase, obtains leaching liquor;
Step 3, by leaching liquor by membrane filtration, the aperture of filter membrane is 25 microns, removes solid content, filtrate is spare;
Step 4 draws 40mL filtrate in band plug colorimetric cylinder, 3mL p-aminobenzene sulfonic acid solution is added, mixes, after standing 5min
Hydrochloride naphthodiamide solution is added, it is 4 that volume ratio, which is added, in p-aminobenzene sulfonic acid solution and hydrochloride naphthodiamide solution:1, it mixes,
Test result is obtained with nitrite colorimetric card colorimetric.
Comparative example 1:The embodiment 2 of the Chinese invention patent of Publication No. CN106370649A handles meat sample.
Comparative example 2:A kind of detection method of nitrite, difference from example 1 is that, step 2 specifically includes
Following steps:Suspension is stood into 0.5h, upper-layer fat is removed, obtains leaching liquor.
Comparative example 3:A kind of detection method of nitrite, difference from example 1 is that, the suspension in step 2
The volume ratio of liquid and organic solvent is 1:1.5.
Comparative example 4:A kind of detection method of nitrite, difference from example 1 is that, the suspension in step 2
The volume ratio of liquid and organic solvent is 1:0.3.
Comparative example 5:A kind of detection method of nitrite, difference from example 1 is that, step 2 specifically includes
Following steps:Suspension is added in reaction flask step 2, organic solvent extraction is added into reaction flask, organic solvent is first
The volume ratio of alcohol, suspension and organic solvent is 1:0.6, it shakes up, is layered the solution left standstill in reaction flask, remove organic phase,
Obtain leaching liquor.
Accuracy test
Test sample:Accurately weigh 190 parts of 5g it is fatty and be free of nitrite beef sample, according to 10mg/kg amount will
Nitrite is soluble in water, re-injects into beef sample, stands 10min, is equally divided into 19 groups.
Test method:19 groups of beef samples are detected respectively using the method in embodiment 1-14 and comparative example 1-5,
Every group test 10 times, content of nitrite takes the average values of 10 measurements, calculates every group of average relative error, and record each
The time of detection calculates every group of average detected time.
Test result:Test result is as shown in table 1.As shown in Table 1, the average relative error of embodiment 1-14 be maintained at-
Between 0.015% to -0.027, and comparative example 1 is up to 0.911%, and the average relative error of comparative example 2-5 is all larger than embodiment
1, illustrate the present invention using the dissolubility of fat and nitrite, using organic solvents such as methanol, ethyl alcohol, ether, by fat from
It is separated in suspension, nitrite is soluble in water, and fat is avoided to influence colorimetric, and accuracy is high, error is small, and removes fat
The volume ratio of mode, suspension and organic solvent can all influence the average relative error of testing result.
The average detected time of embodiment 1-14 within an hour, although being greater than comparative example 1, is less than comparative example 2-
5, and far smaller than chromatographic detection time.
1 test result of table
Embodiment/comparative example number | Average relative error/% | The average detected time/min |
Embodiment 1 | -0.019 | 45.2 |
Embodiment 2 | -0.017 | 44.3 |
Embodiment 3 | -0.015 | 45.8 |
Embodiment 4 | -0.020 | 41.2 |
Embodiment 5 | -0.022 | 40.5 |
Embodiment 6 | -0.018 | 46.2 |
Embodiment 7 | -0.016 | 47.3 |
Embodiment 8 | -0.020 | 38.8 |
Embodiment 9 | -0.021 | 37.6 |
Embodiment 10 | -0.023 | 40.8 |
Embodiment 11 | -0.024 | 40.2 |
Embodiment 12 | -0.025 | 46.2 |
Embodiment 13 | -0.027 | 47.1 |
Embodiment 14 | -0.026 | 53.1 |
Comparative example 1 | 0.911 | 10.5 |
Comparative example 2 | 0.564 | 75.5 |
Comparative example 3 | -0.051 | 44.0 |
Comparative example 4 | 0.047 | 55.3 |
Comparative example 5 | -0.048 | 46.5 |
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, protection scope of the present invention is not limited merely to above-described embodiment,
All technical solutions belonged under thinking of the present invention all belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.It should be pointed out that for the art
For those of ordinary skill, several improvements and modifications without departing from the principles of the present invention, these improvements and modifications are also answered
It is considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of detection method of nitrite, which is characterized in that include the following steps:
Meat sample is shredded, is placed in a beaker by step 1, and borax saturated solution is added, stirs evenly, with 70 DEG C of water by sample
It washes in volumetric flask, 10-15min is heated in boiling water bath, is cooled to room temperature after taking-up, be added while rotating volumetric flask ferrous
Potassium cyanide solution shakes up, and adds acetic acid zinc solution, by protein precipitation, obtains suspension;
Step 2, suspension is added in reaction flask, and organic solvent extraction, sodium nitrite slightly soluble or cannot are added into reaction flask
It is dissolved in the organic solvent, fat can be dissolved in the organic solvent, and oscillation is layered the solution left standstill in reaction flask, removes
Organic phase is gone, leaching liquor is obtained;
Step 3 filters leaching liquor, removes solid content, and filtrate is spare;
Step 4 draws filtrate in band plug colorimetric cylinder, p-aminobenzene sulfonic acid solution is added, mixes, is added after standing 3-5min
Hydrochloride naphthodiamide solution mixes, obtains test result with nitrite colorimetric card colorimetric.
2. the detection method of nitrite according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the organic solvent in the step 2
Any one in methanol, ethyl alcohol, ether.
3. the detection method of nitrite according to claim 1, which is characterized in that suspension in the step 2 with
The volume ratio of organic solvent is 1:0.6-0.8.
4. the detection method of nitrite according to claim 1, which is characterized in that use ultrasonic wave in the step 2
Oscillator vibrates 3-5min.
5. the detection method of nitrite according to claim 1, which is characterized in that use filter membrane mistake in the step 3
Filter, the aperture of filter membrane are 25-30 microns.
6. the detection method of nitrite according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the p-aminophenyl in the step 4
It is 4 that volume ratio, which is added, in sulfonic acid solutions and hydrochloride naphthodiamide solution:1-2.
7. the detection method of nitrite according to claim 6, which is characterized in that every 40mL filtrate in the step 4
Middle addition 3mL p-aminobenzene sulfonic acid solution.
8. the detection method of nitrite according to claim 1, which is characterized in that meat sample is cut in the step 1
Partial size after broken is 1-1.5mm.
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Effective date of registration: 20190118 Address after: 430043 No. 9 (13) Zoumaling Food Third Road, Dongxihu District, Wuhan City, Hubei Province Applicant after: Wuhan Incheon Food Co., Ltd. Address before: 201108 No. 215 Shennan Road, Minhang District, Shanghai Applicant before: Shanghai Ziyan Foods Co., Ltd. |
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Application publication date: 20181130 |
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